Solar absorption type energy storage heat pump with flash tank

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar absorption type energy storage heat pump with a flash tank, which comprises an electric compression heating unit, and the electric compression heating unit comprises an evaporator, a second compressor, a first compressor, a solution desorber, the flash tank, a second throttling device and an evaporative condenser which are connected in sequence; one end of the evaporative condenser is connected into a pipeline between the second compressor and the first compressor, and the other end of the evaporative condenser is connected into a pipeline between the second throttling device and the evaporator; the flash tank is arranged between the second throttling device and the solution desorber, and the flash tank is further communicated with the first compressor; the heat storage unit comprises a cylinder body, a first spraying assembly and a second spraying assembly; the first spraying assembly and the second spraying assembly are partially arranged in the cylinder body; and the hot water unit comprises a solar flat plate collector and a heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the cylinder body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat pump technology, and more specifically, to a solar absorption heat pump with a flash tank. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of heat pump technology, combining solar heating systems with heat pump technology can significantly improve the system's energy efficiency. Heat pump systems can efficiently utilize the heat provided by solar energy, reducing dependence on electricity and fossil fuels, thereby lowering overall energy consumption. Solar heating systems produce almost no greenhouse gas emissions or other pollutants, which not only helps reduce the burden on the environment but is also an important way to promote sustainable development. Energy storage technology further improves energy utilization efficiency by centrally storing and utilizing heat, showing great application potential, especially in areas such as solar energy utilization, industrial waste heat recovery, and air conditioning waste heat recovery. Energy storage technology is mainly divided into three types: sensible heat storage, which stores heat by raising the temperature of materials, and its energy storage density is directly related to the heat capacity of the materials; latent heat storage, which uses the phase change process of materials to store heat, and its energy storage density is higher than that of sensible heat storage; and thermochemical reaction energy storage, which relies on the reversibility of chemical reactions to store heat. Although theoretically superior to the former two, the technology is not yet fully mature. Among them, air source heat pumps can efficiently extract heat from the surrounding air, typically having a high energy efficiency ratio, and under suitable environmental conditions, can provide several times the amount of heat consumed by electricity.

[0003] The problem is that traditional air source heat pumps are prone to frosting and efficiency reduction in low-temperature environments. Especially in cold regions, excessively low outdoor temperatures can lead to an increase in the unit's compression ratio, affecting the normal operation of the heat pump. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention solves the technical problem that traditional air-source heat pumps are prone to frosting and efficiency reduction in low-temperature environments, especially in cold regions where low outdoor temperatures lead to an increase in the unit's compression ratio, affecting the normal operation of the heat pump. This invention improves the system's heating performance by installing a flash tank between the second throttling device and the solution desorber, and connecting the flash tank to the first compressor. The flash tank increases the flow rate for both cold and hot heating, thereby increasing subcooling and circulation flow, thus enhancing the heat pump's adaptability to varying operating conditions.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a solar absorption heat pump with a flash tank, comprising: an electric compression heating unit, which includes an evaporator, a second compressor, a first compressor, a solution desorber, a flash tank, a second throttling device, and an evaporative condenser connected in sequence; one end of the evaporative condenser is connected to a pipeline between the second compressor and the first compressor, and the other end is connected to a pipeline between the second throttling device and the evaporator; the flash tank is located between the second throttling device and the solution desorber, and is also connected to the first compressor; a heat storage unit, which includes a cylinder, a first spray assembly, and a second spray assembly; the first and second spray assemblies are partially located inside the cylinder; a hot water unit, which includes a solar flat plate collector and heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tubes being located inside the cylinder; wherein, the pipeline of the second spray assembly passes through the solution desorber, and the first spray assembly is located inside the cylinder corresponding to the heat exchange tubes; a solution cooler is also located inside the cylinder, and the second spray assembly is located inside the cylinder corresponding to the solution cooler.

[0006] Compared to existing technologies, the technical advantages of this solution are as follows: By introducing a flash tank, the system can utilize the heat source more effectively, reduce heat loss, and thus improve overall thermal energy utilization efficiency. The flash tank design allows some of the solution to evaporate rapidly under low pressure, releasing more heat. The design of the electric compression heating unit makes heat exchange between the evaporator, compressor, and desorber more efficient, maintaining good performance under different load conditions, especially in low-temperature environments. The heat storage unit design enables the system to effectively store heat generated by the solar collector, providing a more stable hot water supply, especially in situations with insufficient sunlight. Through the rational layout of heat exchange tubes and spray components, the heating efficiency of hot water can be improved, ensuring a stable hot water supply under different usage needs.

[0007] In one possible design, the hot water unit also includes a heat storage tank, with heat exchange pipes connected to the heat storage tank and the solar collector's piping passing through the heat storage tank; wherein, a first hot water pump is installed between the solar flat plate collector and the heat storage tank, and a second hot water pump is installed between the heat exchange pipes and the heat storage tank.

[0008] Compared to existing technologies, the technical advantages of this solution are as follows: The introduction of the thermal storage tank enables the system to effectively store heat generated by the solar collector, providing a greater hot water supply capacity. The configuration of the first and second hot water pumps allows for more flexible hot water flow, enabling adjustments to water flow and temperature based on actual needs, thus optimizing hot water utilization efficiency. Through the design of the thermal storage tank, the system can balance instantaneous hot water demand with the heat output of the solar collector, ensuring a stable hot water supply throughout different time periods. Specifically, the first hot water pump effectively transfers the heat generated by the solar flat-plate collector to the thermal storage tank, ensuring timely heat utilization; the second hot water pump then transfers the hot water from the storage tank to the heat exchange tubes inside the tank, achieving heat exchange.

[0009] In one possible design, the first spray assembly includes a first spray device, a refrigerant water pump, a refrigerant water storage tank, and a water collection tray connected in sequence; wherein the first spray device and the water collection tray are located inside the cylinder; the first spray device is capable of spraying the heat exchange tubes and the evaporator-condenser, and the water collection tray is provided corresponding to the heat exchange tubes and the evaporator-condenser.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this solution are as follows: The first spray device sprays water onto the heat exchange tubes and evaporator-condenser, increasing the wettability of the heat exchange surfaces and promoting heat transfer, thereby significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. By pumping refrigerant water from the storage tank to the spray device, the temperature of the heat exchange tubes and evaporator-condenser can be effectively reduced, preventing overheating and ensuring stable system operation under high load conditions. The water collection tray effectively collects the cooling water after spraying, avoiding water waste and improving the overall thermal management capability of the system through recycling. The cooling effect of the spray device reduces frost formation on the surfaces of the evaporator-condenser and heat exchange tubes, especially in low-temperature environments, maintaining efficient system operation and extending equipment lifespan.

[0011] In one possible design, the second spray assembly includes a second spray device, a solution heat exchanger, a solution tank, and a third spray device; wherein the second and third spray devices are configured to correspond to the solution cooler; the pipeline between the cylinder and the solution tank passes through the solution heat exchanger; a first guide pipe is provided between the second spray device and the solution tank, and a sixth control valve is provided on the first guide pipe; a second guide pipe is provided between the third spray device and the solution tank, and a fifth control valve is provided on the second guide pipe; the first guide pipe passes through the solution heat exchanger, and the second guide pipe passes through the solution desorber.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this solution are as follows: The second and third spray devices effectively spray the solution cooler, increasing the wettability of the heat exchange surface and thus improving the heat exchange efficiency between the solution and the cooling medium. By setting up the first and second guide pipes, combined with the adjustment of the sixth and fifth control valves, precise control of the solution temperature can be achieved, ensuring stable operation of the system under different operating conditions. Flexible adjustment of the spray volume and fluid flow direction according to actual needs allows the system to adapt to different working conditions and heat load requirements, improving the overall system flexibility. The design of the pipeline passing through the solution heat exchanger enables heat recovery and reuse, improving the overall energy efficiency of the system and reducing energy consumption.

[0013] In one possible design, a solution pump is installed between the solution tank and the first and second guide pipes. The solution pump is used to draw the solution from the solution tank to the second and third spray devices.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the technical effects achieved by this solution are as follows: The solution pump effectively enhances the circulation of the solution within the system, ensuring that the solution reaches the spraying device in a timely manner, thus improving the overall flow efficiency of the system. Through the pump, the flow rate and spraying pressure of the solution can be precisely controlled, thereby improving the working efficiency of the spraying device, ensuring uniform spraying, and enhancing heat exchange. Furthermore, the solution pump can quickly adjust the flow of the solution, responding to changes in system load, ensuring that the required solution volume is provided under different operating conditions, thus improving the system's flexibility and adaptability.

[0015] In one possible design, a first throttling device is provided between the flash tank and the solution desorber, and a third throttling device is provided between the evaporator and the second throttling device.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the technical advantages achieved by this solution are as follows: the first and third throttling devices can precisely control the flow rate and pressure of the fluid, ensuring stable operation of the system under different operating conditions and improving fluid management capabilities. By adjusting the throttling devices, energy distribution during the evaporation process can be optimized, reducing energy loss and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. Furthermore, precise control of fluid flow rate and pressure can reduce the risk of overpressure or overflow in the system, ensuring safe equipment operation and reducing the probability of malfunctions.

[0017] In one possible design, a first control valve is installed on the pipeline between the flash tank and the evaporator-condenser; a second control valve is installed on the pipeline between the evaporator and the evaporator-condenser; a third control valve is installed on the pipeline between the first compressor and the evaporator-condenser; and a fourth control valve is installed on the pipeline between the second compressor and the evaporator-condenser.

[0018] Compared to existing technologies, the technical advantages of this solution are as follows: By setting up first, second, third, and fourth control valves, precise regulation of fluid flow can be achieved, ensuring stable system operation under different operating conditions and optimizing fluid distribution among various components. The introduction of control valves allows for adjustment of the fluid flow path and flow rate according to real-time requirements, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator and condenser and ensuring the system operates at high efficiency. Furthermore, the multiple control valves enable the system to flexibly adjust the fluid flow direction and flow rate according to load changes, enhancing system adaptability and better handling different operating conditions. The adjustment of the control valves optimizes the compressor's operating state, reduces unnecessary energy consumption, improves overall energy utilization efficiency, and lowers operating costs.

[0019] In one possible design, the solar absorption heat pump has a first mode in which the electric compression heating unit stops operating, while the heat storage unit and the hot water unit operate.

[0020] Compared to existing technologies, this technical solution achieves the following advantages: Under high solar radiation intensity during the day, high-temperature hot water generated by solar flat-plate collectors directly heats the water in the storage tank, maximizing the use of renewable energy, reducing dependence on electricity, and improving the overall energy efficiency of the system. By stopping the operation of the electric compression heating unit, electricity consumption is reduced, thereby reducing operating costs, especially during sunny days, fully utilizing solar energy resources. The high-temperature hot water exchanges heat with the refrigerant water through heat exchange tubes, effectively increasing the temperature of the refrigerant water, enhancing the system's thermal management capabilities, and ensuring a stable heat source even under high load conditions. By allowing the system to flexibly switch between different operating modes, it can automatically adjust its operating status according to solar radiation intensity and user needs, improving the system's adaptability.

[0021] In one possible design, the solar absorption heat pump has a second mode in which the first and third control valves are closed, the second and fourth control valves are open, and the heat storage unit and the hot water unit are in operation.

[0022] Compared to existing technologies, the technical advantages of this solution are as follows: Under low solar radiation intensity, the system can optimize its operation by adjusting the opening and closing of control valves, ensuring effective heating using solar energy and other heat sources without relying on the electric compression heating unit. By introducing high-temperature hot water into the storage tank and exchanging heat with the refrigerant water, the efficiency of heat energy utilization can be effectively improved, ensuring a stable heat source under low radiation conditions. The introduction of a second compressor and the adjustment of control valves make the refrigerant circulation process more efficient, maintaining good cooling performance under low radiation conditions and ensuring stable system operation. By releasing heat during the absorption process, the stability and comfort of user heating can be effectively improved, ensuring that user heating needs are met even under low radiation conditions. Under low solar radiation conditions, the system reduces its dependence on electricity by optimizing the opening and closing of control valves, thereby reducing operating costs, especially when the electric compression heating unit is not required.

[0023] In one possible design, the solar absorption heat pump has a third mode in which the first and third control valves are closed, the second and fourth control valves are open, the heat storage unit operates, and the hot water unit stops operating.

[0024] Compared to existing technologies, the technical advantages of this solution are as follows: In the absence of solar energy, the system can effectively utilize existing thermal energy by shutting down the hot water unit and concentrating resources on the operation of the thermal storage unit. By stopping the hot water unit, the system avoids energy loss caused by its operation, thereby improving the overall system stability and efficiency. Furthermore, even when the hot water unit is not running, the thermal storage unit can still provide heat from other heat sources, ensuring that users can still obtain the necessary heat under low radiation conditions. By optimizing the refrigerant circulation and spraying process, thermal management efficiency can be effectively improved, ensuring good heat exchange even without solar energy. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a solar absorption heat pump with a flash tank, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 11-Electric compression heating unit; 12-Evaporator; 13-Second compressor; 14-First compressor; 15-Solution desorber; 16-Flash tank; 17-Second throttling device; 18-Evaporator condenser; 19-Heat storage unit; 20-Cylinder; 21-First spray assembly; 22-Second spray assembly; 23-Hot water unit; 24-Solar flat plate collector; 25-Heat exchange tube; 26-Solution cooler; 27-Heat storage tank; 28-First hot water pump; 29-Second hot water pump; 30-First spray device; 31-Refrigerant water pump; 32- 33-Refrigerator water storage tank; 34-Water collection tray; 35-Second spray device; 36-Solution heat exchanger; 37-Solution tank; 38-Third spray device; 39-First guide pipe; 40-Sixth control valve; 41-Second guide pipe; 42-Fifth control valve; 43-First throttling device; 44-Third throttling device; 45-First control valve; 46-Second control valve; 47-Third control valve; 48-Fourth control valve; 49-Third hot water pump; 50-Seventh control valve; 51-Eighth control valve; 52-Ninth control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] See Figure 1 This embodiment provides a solar absorption heat pump with a flash tank 16, comprising:

[0030] The electric compression heating unit 11 includes an evaporator 12, a second compressor 13, a first compressor 14, a solution desorber 15, a flash tank 16, a second throttling device 17, and an evaporator-condenser 18 connected in sequence. One end of the evaporator-condenser 18 is connected to the pipeline between the second compressor 13 and the first compressor 14, and the other end is connected to the pipeline between the second throttling device and the evaporator 12. The flash tank 16 is located between the second throttling device 17 and the solution desorber 15, and the flash tank 16 is also connected to the first compressor 14.

[0031] The heat storage unit 19 includes a cylinder 20, a first spray assembly 21, and a second spray assembly 22; the first spray assembly 21 and the second spray assembly 22 are partially disposed inside the cylinder 20.

[0032] Hot water unit 23 includes a solar flat plate collector 24 and a heat exchange tube 25, with the heat exchange tube 25 located inside the cylinder 20.

[0033] The pipeline of the second spray assembly 22 passes through the solution desorber 15, and the first spray assembly 21 is set inside the cylinder 20 corresponding to the heat exchange tube 25; a solution cooler 26 is also set inside the cylinder 20, and the second spray assembly 22 is set inside the cylinder 20 corresponding to the solution cooler 26.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust port of the first compressor 14 is sequentially connected to the solution desorber 15, the first throttling device 43, and the inlet of the flash tank 16. The liquid refrigerant outlet at the bottom of the flash tank 16 is connected to the first control valve 45 via the second throttling device 17 and then splits into two branches. One branch is connected to the refrigeration side inlet of the evaporator-condenser 18, and the refrigeration side outlet of the evaporator-condenser 18 is split into two, connecting to the inlet of the third control valve 47 and the outlet of the fourth control valve 48, respectively. The outlet of the third control valve 47 is connected to the inlet of the first compressor 14. The other branch is sequentially connected to the second control valve 46, the third throttling device 44, the refrigeration side of the evaporator 12, and the inlet of the second compressor 13, with the outlet of the second compressor 13 connected to the inlet of the fourth control valve 48.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the hot water unit 23 further includes a heat storage tank 27, a heat exchange pipe 25 is connected to the heat storage tank 27, and the pipeline of the solar collector passes through the heat storage tank 27; wherein, a first hot water pump 28 is provided between the solar flat plate collector 24 and the heat storage tank 27, and a second hot water pump 29 is provided between the heat exchange pipe 25 and the heat storage tank 27.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, the hot water outlet of the solar flat plate collector 24 is sequentially connected to the heat storage tank 27 and the inlet of the first hot water pump 28. The hot water outlet of the heat storage tank 27 is sequentially connected to the heat exchange tube 25 and the inlet of the second hot water pump 29. The first hot water pump 28 effectively transports the hot water from the solar flat plate collector 24 to the heat storage tank 27 for heat exchange, thereby increasing heat transfer. The second hot water pump 29 transports the hot water from the heat storage tank 27 to the heat exchange tube 25 inside the cylinder 20, thereby achieving heat exchange. In this embodiment, a solution cooler 26 is also installed inside the cylinder 20. A third hot water pump 49 is installed on the pipeline of the solution cooler 26. The outlet of the solution cooler 26 is connected to the inlet of the third hot water pump 49. The hot water in the solution cooler 26 will directly provide water to the user, and the third hot water pump 49 can control the flow of water in the pipeline of the solution cooler 26.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first spray assembly 21 includes a first spray device 30, a refrigerant water pump 31, a refrigerant water storage tank 32, and a water collection tray 33 connected in sequence; wherein, the first spray device 30 and the water collection tray 33 are disposed inside the cylinder 20; the first spray device 30 can spray the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator condenser 18, and the water collection tray 33 is disposed corresponding to the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator condenser 18.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outlet of the water collection tray 33 is sequentially connected to the refrigerant water storage tank 32, the refrigerant water pump 31, and the inlet of the first spray device 30; the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18 are correspondingly arranged inside the cylinder 20, and the first spray device 30 is located at the top of the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18, while the water collection tray 33 is located at the bottom of the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18. After the first spray device 30 sprays the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18, the spray water falls into the water collection tray 33 and then flows into the refrigerant water storage tank 32. The refrigerant water pump 31 can draw water from the refrigerant water storage tank 32 and transport it to the first spray device 30 to spray the heat exchange tube 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18 again.

[0039] In one embodiment of this utility model, the second spray assembly 22 includes a second spray device 34, a solution heat exchanger 35, a solution tank 36, and a third spray device 37; wherein, the second spray device 34 and the third spray device 37 are provided corresponding to the solution cooler 26; the pipeline between the cylinder 20 and the solution tank 36 passes through the solution heat exchanger 35; a first guide pipe 38 is provided between the second spray device 34 and the solution tank 36, and a sixth control valve 39 is provided on the first guide pipe 38; a second guide pipe 40 is provided between the third spray device 37 and the solution tank 36, and a fifth control valve 41 is provided on the second guide pipe 40; the first guide pipe 38 passes through the solution heat exchanger 35, and the second guide pipe 40 passes through the solution desorber 15.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the bottom outlet of the cylinder 20 is sequentially connected to the inlet of the solution heat exchanger 35 and the solution tank 36. The spray water inside the cylinder 20 flows into the solution tank 36 after passing through the solution heat exchanger 35. The second spray device 34 is located at the top of the solution cooler 26, and the third spray device 37 is located at the bottom of the solution cooler 26. The solution tank 36 is also equipped with a seventh control valve 50, an eighth control valve 51, and a ninth control valve 52.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, a solution pump 42 is provided between the solution tank 36 and the first guide pipe 38 and the second guide pipe 40. The solution pump 42 is used to draw the solution in the solution tank 36 to the second spray device 34 and the third spray device 37.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outlet of the solution tank 36 is connected to the inlet of the solution pump 42. The outlet of the solution pump 42 is divided into two branches: one is a second guide pipe 40 that is sequentially connected to the fifth control valve 41, the solution side of the solution desorber 15, and the inlet of the third spray device 37; the other is a first guide pipe 38 that is sequentially connected to the sixth control valve 39, the solution heat exchanger 35, and the inlet side of the second spray device 34. The solution pump 42 can draw the solution from the solution tank 36 to the second spray device 34 and the third spray device 37 to spray the solution cooler 26.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first throttling device 43 is provided between the flash tank 16 and the solution desorber 15, and a third throttling device 44 is provided between the evaporator 12 and the second throttling device 17.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first throttling device 43 can control the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant between the flash tank 16 and the solution desorber 15. The third throttling device 44 can control the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant between the evaporator 12 and the evaporative condenser 18. The adjustment of the first throttling device 43 and the third throttling device 44 can optimize the flow of refrigerant between different components, improve heat exchange efficiency, and ensure the effective transfer and utilization of heat energy.

[0045] In one embodiment of this utility model, a first control valve 45 is provided on the pipeline between the flash tank 16 and the evaporator condenser 18; a second control valve 46 is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator 12 and the evaporator condenser 18; a third control valve 47 is provided on the pipeline between the first compressor 14 and the evaporator condenser 18; and a fourth control valve 48 is provided on the pipeline between the second compressor 13 and the evaporator condenser 18.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are closed, and the second control valve 46 and the fourth control valve 48 are open, a refrigerant cycle is formed between the evaporator 12, the second compressor 13, the evaporator-condenser 18, and the third throttling device 44. The first compressor 14, the solution desorber 15, the first throttling device 43, the flash tank 16, and the second throttling device 17 do not participate in operation. When the second control valve 46 and the fourth control valve 48 are closed, and the first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are open, a refrigerant cycle is formed between the first compressor 14, the solution desorber 15, the first throttling device 43, the flash tank 16, the second throttling device 17, and the evaporator-condenser 18. The second compressor 13, the evaporator 12, and the third throttling device 44 do not participate in operation.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the solar absorption heat pump has a first mode in which the electric compression heating unit 11 stops operating, while the heat storage unit 19 and the hot water unit 23 operate.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the first mode, the hot water unit 23 and the heat storage unit 19 are operational, while the electric compression heating unit 11 is not operational. During the daytime, under high solar radiation intensity, the electric compression heating unit 11 stops operating. The high-temperature hot water generated by the solar flat plate collector 24 enters the heat storage tank 27 to heat the water inside. The high-temperature hot water exiting the heat storage tank 27 enters the heat exchange tube 25 to exchange heat with the refrigerant water outside the tube, and then returns to the heat storage tank 27 via the second hot water pump 29. Simultaneously, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water storage tank 32 is pumped by the refrigerant water pump 31 into the first spray device 30 and sprayed onto the outside of the heat exchange tube 25. The liquid water droplets interact with the high-temperature hot water inside the heat exchange tube 25. The heat exchange process converts the solution into water vapor. Simultaneously, the concentrated solution from the outlet of solution tank 36 enters solution heat exchanger 35 via solution pump 42 to exchange heat with the dilute solution. The heated concentrated solution then enters the second spray device 34 and is sprayed onto the outside of solution cooler 26 in droplet form. The concentrated solution absorbs the water vapor in cylinder 20, releasing absorbed heat to heat the hot water in solution cooler 26, thus providing heating for the user. The dilute solution formed during the absorption process exchanges heat with the concentrated solution via solution heat exchanger 35 and then enters solution tank 36 for storage, ultimately completing the solution energy release process.

[0049] In one embodiment of this utility model, the solar absorption heat pump has a second mode. In the second mode, the first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are closed, the second control valve 46 and the fourth control valve 48 are open, and the heat storage unit 19 and the hot water unit 23 are in operation.

[0050] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the second mode, the electric compression heating unit 11 partially operates, while the hot water unit 23 and the heat storage unit 19 operate. During low solar radiation intensity during the day, the first compressor 14, solution desorber 15, first throttling device 43, flash tank 16, and second throttling device 17 of the electric compression heating unit 11 are not operating. The first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are closed, and the remaining components operate. The high-temperature hot water generated by the solar flat plate collector 24 enters the heat storage tank 27 to heat the hot water inside. The high-temperature hot water exiting the heat storage tank 27 enters the heat exchange tube 25 to exchange heat with the refrigerant water outside the tube, and then returns to the heat storage tank 27 via the second hot water pump 29. Simultaneously, the high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the second compressor 13 enters the evaporator-condenser 18 via the fourth control valve 48 and condenses into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the third throttling device 44 via the second control valve 46 to reduce its pressure into low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and then enters the evaporator 12 to exchange heat with outdoor air and vaporize into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The refrigerant, in low-pressure gaseous form, returns to the suction port of the second compressor 13, thus completing the compression cycle. Simultaneously, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water storage tank 32 is pumped by the refrigerant water pump 31 into the first spray device 30 and sprayed onto the outside of the heat exchange tubes 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18. The liquid water droplets absorb the heat from the hot water in the heat exchange tubes 25 and the condensation heat in the evaporator-condenser 18, turning into water vapor. At the same time, the concentrated solution from the outlet of the solution tank 36 enters the solution heat exchanger 35 via the solution pump 42 to exchange heat with the dilute solution. The heated concentrated solution enters the second spray device 34 and is sprayed onto the outside of the solution cooler 26 in droplet form. The concentrated solution absorbs the water vapor in the cylinder 20 and releases the absorbed heat. This heat is used to heat the hot water in the solution cooler 26 to provide heating for users. The dilute solution formed during the absorption process exchanges heat with the concentrated solution in the solution heat exchanger 35 and then enters the solution tank 36 for storage, ultimately completing the solution energy release process.

[0051] In one embodiment of this utility model, the solar absorption heat pump has a third mode. In the third mode, the first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are closed, the second control valve 46 and the fourth control valve 48 are open, the heat storage unit 19 is running, and the hot water unit 23 is not running.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the third mode, the electric compression heating unit 11 partially operates, the heat storage unit 19 operates, and the hot water unit 23 stops operating. Specifically, during the daytime when no solar energy is available, the hot water unit 23 stops operating, and the first compressor 14, solution desorber 15, first throttling device 43, flash tank 16, and second throttling device 17 of the electric compression heating unit 11 do not operate. The first control valve 45 and the third control valve 47 are closed, and the remaining components operate. The high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the second compressor 13 enters the evaporator-condenser 18 via the fourth control valve 48 and condenses into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant then enters the third throttling device 44 via the second control valve 46 to reduce its pressure into low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. It then enters the evaporator 12 to exchange heat with outdoor air and vaporize into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant returns to the suction port of the second compressor 13, thus completing the compression process. The process involves a cycle; simultaneously, the refrigerant water in the refrigerant water storage tank 32 is pumped by the refrigerant water pump 31 into the first spray device 30 and sprayed onto the outside of the heat exchange tubes 25 and the evaporator-condenser 18. The liquid water droplets absorb the heat from the hot water in the heat exchange tubes 25 and the condensation heat in the evaporator-condenser 18, and then turn into water vapor. At the same time, the concentrated solution from the outlet of the solution tank 36 is pumped by the solution pump 42 into the solution heat exchanger 35 to exchange heat with the dilute solution. The heated concentrated solution then enters the second spray device 34 and is sprayed onto the outside of the solution cooler 26 in the form of droplets. The concentrated solution absorbs the water vapor in the cylinder 20 and releases the absorbed heat to heat the hot water in the solution cooler 26, thus providing heat to the user. The dilute solution formed during the absorption process exchanges heat with the concentrated solution in the solution heat exchanger 35 and then enters the solution tank 36 for storage, ultimately completing the solution energy release process.

[0053] Specifically, during the heat pump energy storage process, the hot water unit 23 is not working, the second compressor 13, the second throttling device 17, and the evaporator 12 in the electric compression heating unit 11 are not working, and the heat storage unit 19 is partially working. Furthermore, during periods of low electricity consumption at night, the second compressor 13, the second throttling device 17, and the evaporator 12 in the electric compression heating unit 11 stop operating, and users do not require heating. The second control valve 46 and the fourth control valve 48 are closed. The high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the first compressor 14 enters the refrigerant side of the solution desorber 15 and condenses into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling device 43 to become medium-pressure two-phase refrigerant before entering the flash tank 16. Gaseous refrigerant enters the gas injection port of the first compressor 14, and liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized again by the second throttling device 17 to become low-pressure two-phase refrigerant. The low-pressure two-phase refrigerant enters the refrigerant side of the evaporator condenser 18 through the first control valve 45, where the refrigerant absorbs water vapor from outside the evaporator condenser 18 tubes. After condensation heat, it becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the suction port of the first compressor 14 through the third control valve 47 for primary compression to become a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant. This medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant mixes with the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the flash tank 16 and enters the first compressor 14 for secondary compression to become a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, completing the compression cycle. At the same time, the dilute solution from the outlet of the solution tank 36 enters the solution desorber 15 through the solution pump 42 to absorb the condensation heat on the solution side of the refrigerant side, and then enters the third spray device 37 to spray and flash out water vapor. The water vapor condenses into liquid water outside the tube of the evaporator condenser 18 and enters the refrigerant water storage tank 32 through the water collection pan 33 for storage. The concentrated solution obtained from the dilute solution concentration process is stored in the solution tank 36, ultimately realizing the latent heat energy storage process.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, during off-peak electricity hours at night, the system begins its energy storage process. The electric compression heating unit 11 converts electrical energy into the latent heat of water for storage. The condensation heat from the solution desorber 15 is used to concentrate the solution, and water vapor condenses into liquid outside the tubes of the evaporator condenser 18. During peak electricity hours in the daytime, under high solar radiation intensity, the medium-temperature hot water from the outlet of the heat storage tank 27 enters the heat exchange tube 25, providing all the heat required for the vaporization of liquid water. Under low solar radiation intensity, the condensation heat in the electric compression heating unit 11 and the hot water in the heat storage tank 27 together provide the heat required for the vaporization of liquid water. When no solar energy is available, only the electric compression heating unit 11 operates, releasing condensation heat to provide the heat required for the vaporization of liquid water.

[0055] This invention utilizes a solar flat-plate collector 24 to generate hot water, which, together with the electric compression heating unit 11, provides the heat required for liquid water vaporization, thus expanding the solar energy utilization temperature range and maximizing solar energy utilization. It employs a dual-compression cycle in parallel, sharing a single evaporator-condenser 18, while ensuring independent operation of the electric compression heating system, solving the intermittent operation problem inherent in traditional solar absorption cycle systems. A flash tank 16 is included, employing gas replenishment and enthalpy enhancement technology to reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor in the electric compression heating unit 11, reducing compressor power consumption and improving system performance. A multi-layer liquid storage design optimizes the liquid storage tank structure, with dilute and concentrated solutions sharing a single tank shell. The tank is composed of multiple storage units, with control valves between adjacent units to ensure independent storage of dilute and concentrated solutions, thereby increasing energy storage density. Furthermore, the solar absorption heat pump with flash tank provided by this utility model makes reasonable use of the peak-valley electricity price difference, saving system operating costs; it can adjust the heat pump operation mode according to different solar radiation intensity, and through the joint operation of hot water unit 23 and electric compression heating unit 11, it maximizes the use of solar energy, expands the solar energy utilization temperature range, and reduces system energy consumption.

[0056] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A solar absorption heat pump with a flash evaporator, characterized in that, include: An electric compression heating unit (11) includes an evaporator (12), a second compressor (13), a first compressor (14), a solution desorber (15), a flash tank (16), a second throttling device (17), and an evaporative condenser (18) connected in sequence. One end of the evaporative condenser (18) is connected to the pipeline between the second compressor (13) and the first compressor (14), and the other end is connected to the pipeline between the second throttling device and the evaporator (12). The flash tank (16) is located between the second throttling device (17) and the solution desorber (15), and the flash tank (16) is also connected to the first compressor (14). The heat storage unit (19) includes a cylinder (20), a first spray assembly (21), and a second spray assembly (22); the first spray assembly (21) and the second spray assembly (22) are partially disposed inside the cylinder (20); Hot water unit (23), the hot water unit (23) includes a solar flat plate collector (24) and a heat exchange tube (25), the heat exchange tube (25) being disposed inside the cylinder (20); The pipeline of the second spray assembly (22) passes through the solution desorber (15), and the first spray assembly (21) is arranged in the cylinder (20) corresponding to the heat exchange tube (25); a solution cooler (26) is also arranged in the cylinder (20), and the second spray assembly (22) is arranged in the cylinder (20) corresponding to the solution cooler (26).

2. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot water unit (23) also includes a heat storage tank (27), the heat exchange pipe (25) is connected to the heat storage tank (27), and the pipeline of the solar flat plate collector passes through the heat storage tank (27); wherein, a first hot water pump (28) is provided between the solar flat plate collector (24) and the heat storage tank (27), and a second hot water pump (29) is provided between the heat exchange pipe (25) and the heat storage tank (27).

3. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first spray assembly (21) includes a first spray device (30), a refrigerant water pump (31), a refrigerant water storage tank (32), and a water collection tray (33) connected in sequence. The first spray device (30) and the water collection tray (33) are located inside the cylinder (20); the first spray device (30) can spray the heat exchange tube (25) and the evaporator condenser (18), and the water collection tray (33) is provided corresponding to the heat exchange tube (25) and the evaporator condenser (18).

4. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second spray assembly (22) includes a second spray device (34), a solution heat exchanger (35), a solution tank (36), and a third spray device (37). The second spray device (34) and the third spray device (37) are respectively provided for the solution cooler (26); the pipeline between the cylinder (20) and the solution tank (36) passes through the solution heat exchanger (35); there is a first guide pipe (38) between the second spray device (34) and the solution tank (36), and a sixth control valve (39) is provided on the first guide pipe (38); there is a second guide pipe (40) between the third spray device (37) and the solution tank (36), and a fifth control valve (41) is provided on the second guide pipe (40); the first guide pipe (38) passes through the solution heat exchanger (35), and the second guide pipe (40) passes through the solution desorber (15).

5. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 4, characterized in that, A solution pump (42) is provided between the solution tank (36) and the first guide pipe (38) and the second guide pipe (40). The solution pump (42) is used to draw the solution in the solution tank (36) to the second spray device (34) and the third spray device (37).

6. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first throttling device (43) is provided between the flash tank (16) and the solution desorber (15), and a third throttling device (44) is provided between the evaporator (12) and the second throttling device (17).

7. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A first control valve (45) is provided on the pipeline between the flash tank (16) and the evaporator-condenser (18); a second control valve (46) is provided on the pipeline between the evaporator (12) and the evaporator-condenser (18); a third control valve (47) is provided on the pipeline between the first compressor (14) and the evaporator-condenser (18); and a fourth control valve (48) is provided on the pipeline between the second compressor (13) and the evaporator-condenser (18).

8. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solar absorption heat pump has a first mode in which the electric compression heating unit (11) stops operating and the heat storage unit (19) and the hot water unit (23) operate.

9. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solar absorption heat pump has a second mode in which the first control valve (45) and the third control valve (47) are closed, the second control valve (46) and the fourth control valve (48) are open, and the heat storage unit (19) and the hot water unit (23) are in operation.

10. The solar absorption heat pump with flash tank according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solar absorption heat pump has a third mode in which the first control valve (45) and the third control valve (47) are closed, the second control valve (46) and the fourth control valve (48) are open, the heat storage unit (19) is running, and the hot water unit (23) is not running.

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