Fault detection device of wind direction sensor
By designing a fault detection device for wind direction sensors, and utilizing a drive mechanism and photoelectric sensors to detect the Gray code disk output at a specific angle, the problem of difficulty in detecting faults in some code tracks of the Gray code disk in existing technologies is solved, and all-round fault detection of wind direction sensors is realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520246935.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-17
AI Technical Summary
The Gray code disks of existing wind direction sensors have only one or two faults that are difficult to detect, leading to inaccurate detection.
A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor was designed. The device uses a drive mechanism to engage a transmission rod with a wind vane. By rotating the transmission rod and the rotating rod with a motor, and combining this with a photoelectric sensor to detect the output of the Gray code disk at a specific angle, the device can detect faults in the wind direction sensor.
It can accurately determine whether all Gray code channels of the wind direction sensor are working properly, avoiding the misjudgment when only some Gray code channels are detected in the existing technology, and improving the accuracy of detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN223624254U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of detection device technology, specifically to a fault detection device for a wind direction sensor. Background Technology
[0002] A wind direction sensor is a physical device that detects and senses external wind direction information by rotating a wind direction arrow, transmits this information to a coaxial encoder, and outputs a corresponding wind direction value. Typically, the main body of a wind direction sensor uses the mechanical structure of a wind vane. When wind blows towards the tail fin of the wind vane, the arrow of the wind vane will point in the direction the wind is blowing. This signal is converted into an electrical signal by an internal sensor, which then outputs the corresponding wind direction value.
[0003] Wind direction sensors are used to monitor and record meteorological data such as wind speed and direction in real time. They are an important component of meteorological stations and are of great significance for weather forecasting and climate change research. However, the existing calibration procedures for wind direction sensors specify calibration points as 0° (Gray code: 0000000), 45° (0011000), 90° (0110000), 135° (0101000), 180° (1100000), 225° (1111000), 270° (1010000), and 315° (1001000). In the above angle calibration, the Gray code D1, D2, and D3 are always 0, making it impossible to determine whether D1, D2, and D3 are faulty. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the aforementioned technologies by proposing a fault detection device for wind direction sensors. This device aims to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to detect faults in existing wind direction sensors when only one or two digits of the Gray code disk malfunction.
[0005] This utility model provides a fault detection device for a wind direction sensor, including a fixed base and a driving mechanism. The fixed base is square, and a controller is installed on the fixed base. A support plate is installed on the bottom surface of the fixed base, and a wind direction sensor is installed on the support plate. The wind direction sensor includes a wind direction axis, a wind direction indicator, and a wind direction signal generator. The top end of the wind direction axis is connected to the middle part of the wind direction indicator.
[0006] A cylinder is installed on the top of the fixed base. The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to a connecting plate. The bottom of the connecting plate is connected to the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a motor, a transmission rod, and an angle disk. The motor is fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod. The transmission rod passes through the middle of the angle disk. A rotating rod is installed on the transmission rod, and the rotating rod moves in a circular motion inside the angle disk. The bottom end of the transmission rod is engaged with the wind vane. A groove is provided on the angle disk, and a photoelectric sensor is installed in the groove.
[0007] Optionally, the wind direction signal generator includes an infrared light-emitting diode, a Gray code disk, and a phototube. The wind direction axis is coaxially arranged with the Gray code disk. The infrared light-emitting diode is located at the front end of the code track of the Gray code disk, and the phototube is located at the rear end of the code track of the Gray code disk. Both the infrared light-emitting diode and the phototube correspond to the number of code tracks of the Gray code disk.
[0008] Optionally, the wind vane includes a wind vane, a counterweight, and a connecting rod, with the wind vane and the counterweight located at opposite ends of the connecting rod; the middle of the connecting rod is connected to the top of the wind axis.
[0009] Optionally, a locking block is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod, and a locking slot is provided on the connecting rod, with the locking block engaging with the locking slot.
[0010] Optionally, the angle dial is a 360-degree graduated dial; the three grooves are provided, and the three grooves correspond to the 3°, 43° and 239° positions of the angle dial, respectively.
[0011] Optionally, an angle sensor is provided on the rotating rod.
[0012] Optionally, a wind direction shaft sleeve is provided at the bottom of the wind direction shaft, the wind direction shaft sleeve is circumferentially located on the outside of the bottom of the wind direction shaft, and a north-pointing rod is provided on the outer side of the wind direction shaft sleeve.
[0013] Optionally, the mounting base is also provided with a display panel and an alarm, and the controller is electrically connected to the display panel, the alarm, and the angle sensor respectively.
[0014] Optionally, the drive mechanism further includes a reducer, the input end of which is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the output end of which is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod.
[0015] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] This invention provides a fault detection device for a wind direction sensor. By controlling the movement of the piston rod of the cylinder, the transmission rod in the drive mechanism is engaged with the wind direction indicator. Then, the drive mechanism is controlled to move, and the transmission rod, rotating rod, and wind direction indicator are driven by a motor. The rotation angle of the rotating rod is controlled and stops at a preset angle. At this time, the Gray code disk of the wind direction sensor outputs the corresponding Gray code, and the device is judged to realize the fault detection of the wind direction sensor. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only preferred embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fault detection device for a wind direction sensor provided by this utility model.
[0019] In the diagram, 11 is the fixed base; 12 is the support plate; 13 is the cylinder; 14 is the connecting plate; and 15 is the vertical rod.
[0020] 21. Wind vane; 221. Bayonet; 222. Wind vane; 223. Counterweight; 224. Connecting rod; 231. Gray code; 24. North compass; 25. Wind vane sleeve;
[0021] 31. Motor; 32. Transmission rod; 33. Angle plate; 34. Groove; 35. Rotating rod; 36. Reducer; 37. Locking block; 38. Photoelectric sensor;
[0022] 41. Display panel; 42. Alarm; 43. Controller. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To better understand the structure, functional features, and advantages of this utility model, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
[0024] Example:
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a fault detection device for a wind direction sensor, including a fixed base 11 and a driving mechanism. The fixed base 11 is square, and a controller 43 is provided on the fixed base 11. A support plate 12 is provided on the bottom surface of the fixed base 11, and a wind direction sensor is provided on the support plate 12. The wind direction sensor includes a wind direction axis 21, a wind direction marker, and a wind direction signal generator.
[0026] A cylinder 13 is installed on the top of the fixed base 11. The cylinder 13 is electrically connected to the controller 43. The piston rod of the cylinder 13 is connected to a connecting plate 14. An angle disk 33 is installed below the connecting plate 14. The bottom surface of the connecting plate 14 is connected to the angle disk 33 through a vertical rod 15. The bottom of the connecting plate 14 is connected to the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a motor 31, a transmission rod 32, and an angle disk 33. The motor 31 is fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate 14. The output shaft of the motor 31 is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod 32. The transmission rod 32 passes through the middle of the angle disk 33. A rotating rod 35 is installed on the transmission rod 32, and the rotating rod 35 is located inside the angle disk 33 and makes circular motion. The bottom end of the transmission rod 32 is engaged with the wind vane. A groove 34 is provided on the angle disk 33, and a photoelectric sensor 38 is installed in the groove 34.
[0027] The wind direction signal generator includes an infrared light-emitting diode, a Gray code disk 231, and a phototube. The wind direction axis 21 is coaxially arranged with the Gray code disk 231. The infrared light-emitting diode is located at the front end of the code track of the Gray code disk 231, and the phototube is located at the rear end of the code track of the Gray code disk 231. The number of code tracks of the Gray code disk 231 corresponds to the number of infrared light-emitting diodes and the phototubes.
[0028] The wind vane includes a wind vane 222, a counterweight 223, and a connecting rod 224. The wind vane 222 and the counterweight 223 are located at the two ends of the connecting rod 224, respectively. The middle part of the connecting rod 224 is connected to the top end of the wind axis 21.
[0029] The angle disk 33 is a 360-degree graduated disk; three grooves 34 are provided, and the three grooves 34 correspond to the 3°, 43° and 239° positions of the angle disk 33 respectively;
[0030] Specifically, wind direction sensors inevitably malfunction in practical applications. To prevent the continued use of wind direction sensors after malfunction, which would affect the accuracy of wind direction sensor detection, it is very important to be able to detect wind direction sensor malfunctions quickly.
[0031] The wind vane's connecting rod 224 is connected via a wind direction axis 21 to a wind direction signal generator consisting of a seven-bit Gray code disk 231, infrared LEDs, and phototubes. One set of infrared LEDs and phototubes aligns with the code track of one Gray code disk 231, and the seven sets of infrared LEDs and phototubes align with the code tracks of seven Gray code disks 231 to generate a seven-bit Gray code (D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1) representing the wind direction, with a resolution of 2.815°. The infrared LEDs are placed at the front of the Gray code disk 231, corresponding to the grid lines. At the front end of the code track of the Gray code disk 231, the phototransistor is placed at the rear end of the Gray code disk 231, corresponding to the rear end of the code track of the Gray code disk 231, and is connected by circuitry to form a complete detection circuit; the infrared light emitted by the infrared LED can illuminate the light-transmitting part of the Gray code disk 231, allowing the light to pass through and reach the phototransistor; when the Gray code disk 231 rotates, the light-transmitting part and the light-blocking part will alternately block the light emitted by the infrared LED, and the phototransistor outputs a corresponding electrical signal according to the received light conditions, which is converted into the corresponding Gray code output.
[0032] In the current technology, the calibration points specified in the calibration procedure for wind direction sensors are: 0° (Gray code: 0000000), 45° (0011000), 90° (0110000), 135° (0101000), 180° (1100000), 225° (1111000), 270° (1010000), and 315° (1001000). In the above angle calibration, D1, D2, and D3 of the Gray code are always 0, making it impossible to determine whether D1, D2, and D3 are faulty. Therefore, if only one or two of the seven Gray codes are faulty, it is difficult to detect that the wind direction sensor is faulty.
[0033] In this invention, when it is necessary to detect a fault in the wind direction sensor, the piston rod of the cylinder 13 is extended, causing the connecting plate 14 and the drive mechanism connected to the piston rod to move downward synchronously. The bottom end of the transmission rod 32 of the drive mechanism engages with the wind direction indicator, allowing the drive mechanism to be fixed with the wind direction indicator. At this time, the drive motor 31 rotates, and the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 31 will synchronously drive the transmission rod 32 to rotate, as well as the rotating rod 35, which is coaxially arranged with the transmission rod 32, to rotate in the angle plate 33. Since the bottom end of the transmission rod 32 is engaged with the wind direction indicator, the wind direction indicator will rotate.
[0034] Three grooves 34 are provided on the angle disk 33, corresponding to the 3°, 43° and 239° positions of the angle disk 33 respectively. Photoelectric sensors 38 are provided at each of the three grooves 34. The photoelectric sensors 38 are electrically connected to the controller 43. The first photoelectric sensor 38 is positioned so that the light emitted by it can illuminate the groove 34 within 3° of the angle disk 33. The second photoelectric sensor 38 is positioned so that the light emitted by it can illuminate the groove 34 within 43° of the angle disk 33. The third photoelectric sensor 38 is positioned so that the light emitted by it can illuminate the groove 34 within 239° of the angle disk 33. When the rotating rod 35 rotates, when the light is blocked for a period of time (corresponding to the time it takes for the rotating rod 35 to rotate through the groove 34), the photoelectric sensor 38 will detect the light being blocked and send the output signal of the photoelectric sensor 38 to the controller 43 so that when the groove 34 is detected, a command to stop the rotation of the motor 31 is triggered. The motor 31 stops rotating, and the rotating rod 35 will stop at the 3°, 43° or 239° position.
[0035] It should be noted that the basic principle of angle measurement by the photoelectric sensor 38 is based on the light-blocking effect of the groove 34 on the angle disk 33. During the measurement process, the photoelectric sensor 38 emits a beam of light. When the light is blocked by the groove 34, the intensity of the light detected by the receiving end of the photoelectric sensor 38 changes. By measuring the time difference or displacement difference of the light intensity change, the relative angle between the rotating rod 35 and the photoelectric sensor 38 can be indirectly calculated. When the angle disk 33 rotates to a specific position (i.e., the groove 34), the photoelectric sensor 38 will detect a significant change in light intensity, thereby triggering a stop signal.
[0036] Since the resolution of the Gray code disk 231 is 2.815°, during fault detection, when the lever 35 rotates to 3°, if the wind direction sensor is not faulty, the wind vane 222 should also rotate to 3°. At this time, the output signal voltages of D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, and D2 of the wind direction sensor are all 0, and the lowest bit D1 signal voltage is 5V, i.e., Gray code: 0000001. When the lever 35 rotates to 43°, if the wind direction sensor is not faulty, the wind vane 222 should also rotate to 43°. At this time, the output voltage signals of D7, D6, D5, D3, D2, and D1 of the wind direction sensor are all 0, while the output voltage signal of D4 is 5V, i.e., Gray code: 0001000. The six LEDs at the corresponding positions of the wind direction sensor... The diode should be off, and one LED should be on. When the lever 35 rotates to 239°, if the wind direction sensor is not faulty, the Gray code output from all seven channels of the Gray code disk 231 should be 1, i.e., the Gray code is 1111111. At this time, the output voltage should be 5V, and all seven LEDs of the wind direction sensor should be on. When the lever 35 is rotated to 3°, 43°, or 239° by the drive mechanism, the LEDs will show different states, which can be used to determine if there is a fault. Furthermore, by detecting the Gray code output at 3°, 43°, or 239°, all seven channels can be detected, avoiding the problem that it is difficult to detect a fault in the wind direction sensor if only one or two of the seven Gray codes are faulty.
[0037] It should be noted that the Gray code disk 231 of the wind direction sensor has seven code channels. Under normal operation, it can output both "0" and "1" signals. When a fault occurs, the code channel can only output one type of signal. Therefore, if the code channel can output both "0" and "1" signals, it is considered normal. In existing wind direction sensor calibration, the D1, D2, and D3 bits of the calibration points are always "0". If the signal output of the D1, D2, and D3 code channels is "1", it is abnormal and cannot be detected. In this invention, by setting the angle to 3°, the Gray code output under normal conditions should be 00000001. Therefore, the voltage output of the six code channels D7-D2 should be... At 0V, the corresponding phototubes for the six code channels should be off, while the output voltage of D1 should be 5V, and the corresponding phototubes for the corresponding code channels should be on. When the angle is set to 43°, the Gray code output in normal state should be 0001000, and the output voltages of the six code channels D7, D6, D5, D3, D2, and D1 should be 0V, while the output voltage signal of D4 should be 5V. When set to 239°, the Gray code output in normal state should be 1111111, the output voltage of all code channels should be 5V, and the phototubes for all code channels should be on. This detection method ensures that all code channels are detected, guaranteeing the accuracy of the detection results.
[0038] As an optional implementation, a locking block 37 is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod 32, and a locking slot 221 is provided on the connecting rod 224. The locking block 37 engages with the locking slot 221. Through the setting of the locking slot 221 and the locking block 37, the transmission rod 32 can be quickly fixed to the wind vane by the drive mechanism, and the wind vane can be rotated by the drive mechanism to output Gray code for fault detection.
[0039] As an optional implementation, an angle sensor is provided on the rotating rod 35; the angle sensor can measure the rotation angle of the rotating rod 35 and send the detected angle to the controller 43, so as to determine whether the angle measured by the angle sensor is also at the position when the rotating rod 35 stops at 3°, 43° or 239°, which facilitates the accuracy of subsequent fault detection results.
[0040] As an optional implementation, a wind direction axis 21 sleeve is provided at the bottom of the wind direction axis 21, and the wind direction axis 21 sleeve is circumferentially arranged on the outside of the bottom of the wind direction axis 21. A north-pointing rod 24 is provided on the outer side of the wind direction axis 21 sleeve.
[0041] As an optional implementation, the mounting base 11 is also provided with a display panel 41 and an alarm 42, and the controller 43 is electrically connected to the display panel 41, the alarm 42 and the angle sensor respectively.
[0042] The angle detected by the angle sensor and the signal output by the Gray code disk 231 can be displayed on the display panel 41. The controller 43 can determine whether the angle measured by the angle sensor is consistent with the angle corresponding to the signal output by the Gray code disk 231, and display the determination result on the display panel 41. If the determination result is inconsistent, the alarm 42 will sound an alarm.
[0043] As an optional implementation, the drive mechanism further includes a reducer 36, the input end of which is connected to the output shaft of the motor 31, and the output end of which is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod 32.
[0044] The speed reducer 36 can reduce the speed of the output shaft of the motor 31, preventing the rotating rod 35 from rotating too fast, and making it easier to stop more quickly and accurately when the rotating rod 35 triggers a stop command.
[0045] It should be noted that the angle sensor, infrared light-emitting diode, phototube and other components used in this application are all existing electronic components in the field. Those skilled in the art can understand the circuit structure of electronic components such as motors and the circuit connection structure between them based on existing publicly available technical knowledge and technical information. This application will not elaborate on this in detail, and those skilled in the art can freely select the corresponding models as needed. This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions here.
[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and does not constitute any limitation on this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solution of this utility model, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technology of this utility model without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this utility model shall fall within the protection scope of this technical solution.
Claims
1. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor, characterized in that... The device includes a fixed base and a drive mechanism. The fixed base is square and has a controller. A support plate is installed on the bottom surface of the fixed base, and a wind direction sensor is installed on the support plate. The wind direction sensor includes a wind direction axis, a wind direction indicator, and a wind direction signal generator. The top of the wind direction axis is connected to the middle of the wind direction indicator. A cylinder is installed on the top of the fixed base. The piston rod of the cylinder is connected to a connecting plate. The bottom of the connecting plate is connected to the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a motor, a transmission rod, and an angle disk. The motor is fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod. The transmission rod passes through the middle of the angle disk. A rotating rod is installed on the transmission rod, and the rotating rod moves in a circular motion inside the angle disk. The bottom end of the transmission rod is engaged with the wind vane. A groove is provided on the angle disk, and a photoelectric sensor is installed in the groove.
2. The fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind direction signal generator includes an infrared light-emitting diode, a Gray code disk, and a phototube. The wind direction axis is coaxially arranged with the Gray code disk. The infrared light-emitting diode is located at the front end of the code track of the Gray code disk, and the phototube is located at the rear end of the code track of the Gray code disk. The number of code tracks of the Gray code disk corresponds to the number of infrared light-emitting diodes and the number of phototubes.
3. The fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind vane includes a wind vane, a counterweight, and a connecting rod. The wind vane and the counterweight are located at opposite ends of the connecting rod. The middle of the connecting rod is connected to the top of the wind axis.
4. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, A locking block is provided at the bottom of the transmission rod, and a locking slot is provided on the connecting rod, with the locking block engaging with the locking slot.
5. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle dial is a 360-degree graduated dial; the three grooves are provided, and the three grooves correspond to the 3°, 43° and 239° positions of the angle dial, respectively.
6. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, An angle sensor is installed on the rotating rod.
7. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wind direction shaft sleeve is provided at the bottom of the wind direction shaft, and the wind direction shaft sleeve is circumferentially located on the outside of the bottom of the wind direction shaft. A north-pointing rod is provided on the outer side of the wind direction shaft sleeve.
8. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting base is also equipped with a display panel and an alarm, and the controller is electrically connected to the display panel, the alarm, and the angle sensor respectively.
9. A fault detection device for a wind direction sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a speed reducer, the input end of which is connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the output end of which is connected to the upper end of the transmission rod.