Ratchet wheel locking structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ratchet wheel locking structure which is applied to clamping equipment for fixing offshore wind turbine components, and the clamping equipment comprises a base and a clamping seat, the ratchet wheel locking structure comprises a clamping locking assembly and a ratchet wheel self-locking assembly which are installed on the clamping base. The clamping and locking assembly comprises a clamping arm and a locking sliding block used for extruding and pushing the clamping arm to be opened or closed. A limiting piece is arranged on the base; the locking sliding block drives the clamping arm to be opened and clamped on the limiting piece to be locked, and the ratchet wheel self-locking assembly abuts against and locks the locking sliding block. The clamping seat and the base are locked through cooperation of the clamping locking assembly and the ratchet wheel self-locking assembly, the assembling efficiency of the clamping seat and the base is remarkably improved, and an extra power structure is omitted; after the clamping arms are closed and clamped, the ratchet wheel self-locking assembly achieves self-locking by abutting against and locking the sliding block, and stable clamping of the clamping arms is guaranteed. The structure is simple and operation is convenient.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ocean engineering equipment, especially relates to a ratchet locking structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the growing global demand for renewable energy, offshore wind power as an important form of clean energy is gradually becoming a key component of global energy structure. The rapid development of offshore wind power projects, especially the expansion in the open sea area, has driven the continuous increase of single machine capacity and the size of wind turbine blades. The hoisting operation of wind turbine blades, as a core link in the offshore wind power installation process, faces increasingly high technical requirements.

[0003] With the increase of the size of wind turbine blades, the complexity and challenge of hoisting operation also intensify. Uncertain factors in the offshore operation environment, such as strong wind, sea waves, tides, etc., pose great challenges to the precision and stability of hoisting operation. Traditional hoisting technology usually relies on fasteners such as bolts and nuts for fixation, which requires precise docking and adjustment during hoisting, and the operation is complicated and depends on high-precision alignment. Due to the dynamic changes of the offshore environment, the hoisting precision is often difficult to guarantee, and the fastening of the bolts is often disturbed by external factors, resulting in insecure connection and increasing the risk of equipment failure and safety hazards.

[0004] In addition, the traditional bolt and nut connection method requires high precision, needs multiple adjustments and tool cooperation, and the operation process is complex and time-consuming, which is especially difficult to achieve in harsh offshore operation environment. In actual operation, factors such as wind speed, sea waves and vibration may cause the fasteners to loosen or connect insecurely, thereby affecting the stability and safety of the wind turbine blades. These problems not only reduce the hoisting efficiency, but also increase the safety hazards in the operation process, especially during the blade transportation and hoisting process, mechanical loosening, bolt shedding, etc. may cause serious equipment damage or hoisting accidents.

[0005] Therefore, further research and development are needed to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a ratchet locking structure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A ratchet locking structure is applied to the transportation or assembly operation of offshore wind power components to fix the clamping device of offshore wind power components, the clamping device includes a base and a clamping seat for installing a clamping hand, and the ratchet locking structure is used to lock and install the clamping seat or the clamping hand on the base.

[0009] The ratchet locking structure comprises a clamping locking assembly installed on a clamping base and a ratchet self-locking assembly for preventing the clamping locking assembly from loosening; the clamping locking assembly comprises a clamping arm and a locking slider for extruding and pushing the clamping arm to open or close; the base is provided with a limiting piece matched with the clamping locking piece; or, the base is provided with the clamping locking assembly and the ratchet self-locking assembly, and the clamping base is provided with the limiting piece; the locking slider drives the clamping arm to open and clamp on the limiting piece to lock, and the ratchet self-locking assembly presses and locks the locking slider.

[0010] Further, the limiting piece is a limiting rod; the locking slider is located between the two clamping arms, and the two sides thereof are in sliding or rolling contact with the two clamping arms respectively; the two side edges of the locking slider in contact with the clamping arms are arranged to be inclined towards the direction of the limiting rod; and the two clamping arms are opened and clamped on the limiting rod under the driving of the locking slider.

[0011] Further, one end of the clamping arm close to the hinge part is provided with a transmission part in contact with the side surface of the locking slider; a transmission sleeve is sleeved on the transmission part, and the transmission sleeve is in rolling abutment with the side surface of the locking slider; the width of the locking slider gradually decreases towards the direction of the limiting piece; when the transmission part is in contact with one end of the locking slider close to the limiting piece, the clamping arm is in an open state; when the transmission part is in contact with the other end of the locking slider away from the limiting piece, the clamping arm is in a closed state; and the limiting rod is located in and fixed in a clamping groove formed by the two clamping parts.

[0012] Further, the clamping arm comprises a clamping part and a hinge part, the distance between the transmission parts of the two clamping arms is smaller than the distance between the hinge parts of the two clamping arms, and the hinge parts are hingedly connected to the clamping base through a pin shaft; when the two transmission parts rotate towards each other with the hinge part as the center, the clamping arm opens.

[0013] Further, the clamping base is provided with an elastic reset piece connected with the locking slider; the locking slider moves away from the clamping arm under the elastic force of the elastic reset piece and opens the clamping arm; the ratchet self-locking assembly comprises a locking ratchet rotatably arranged on the clamping base and a plurality of ratchet pawls arranged on the locking ratchet in a circumferential direction; the ratchet pawls are rotatably arranged on the locking ratchet; the locking ratchet is connected with a locking rod, the locking rod extends towards the locking slider and presses the locking slider to achieve locking of the locking slider.

[0014] Further, the clamping seat is provided with a limiting block for limiting the locking ratchet from being separated from the clamping seat; the limiting block is staggered with the ratchet piece; when the ratchet piece is contacted with the limiting block by rotating the locking ratchet, the locking ratchet is limited on the clamping seat, and the locking rod presses the locking block; when the ratchet piece is staggered with the limiting block by rotating the locking ratchet, the locking ratchet and the locking rod can retreat and pop out under the reset action of the locking block.

[0015] Further, the clamping seat is provided with a locking plate, the locking plate is concavely provided with a mounting portion for mounting the locking ratchet, the limiting block is circumferentially and spacedly arranged on the mounting portion along the inner wall of the mounting portion, and a gap is arranged between two adjacent limiting blocks for the ratchet piece to pass through; a plurality of locking portions for limiting the ratchet piece after rotating the locking ratchet are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the mounting portion; and a plurality of elastic pushing pieces are circumferentially arranged on the locking ratchet for pushing the ratchet piece to the locking portion and pressing tightly.

[0016] Further, a plurality of locking blocks with first and second ends connected are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the mounting portion, the locking block comprises a guide end and a limiting end; the limiting end of the last locking block and the guide end of the next locking block form the locking portion; when the ratchet piece end is slidably contacted with the guide end by rotating the locking ratchet, the ratchet piece is slid to the limiting end and is limited on the locking portion formed between the limiting end of the last locking block and the guide end of the next locking block under the pushing of the elastic pushing piece.

[0017] Further, the locking plate is provided with a mounting cavity for mounting the locking block and the clamping arm; the side wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a guide block on both sides of the locking block for guiding the movement of the locking block; the locking block is provided with a guide lug in sliding cooperation with the guide block, and a rolling sleeve in rolling abutment with the surface of the guide block is sleeved on one end of the guide lug in sliding cooperation with the guide block.

[0018] Further, the mounting portion cover is provided with a cover plate for preventing foreign matters from entering the locking ratchet; the elastic reset member is one of a tension spring and a spiral spring; one end of the elastic reset member is fixed on the clamping seat, and the other end is connected to the locking block; the elastic pushing piece is one of a compression spring and a spiral spring, one end of the elastic pushing piece is fixed on the locking ratchet, and the other end is fixed on the side of the ratchet piece.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1)The utility model discloses a clamping locking assembly and ratchet self-locking assembly cooperation realizes the locking of clamping seat and base, obviously improves the assembly efficiency of clamping seat and base, and saves extra power structure, first, in clamping locking assembly, utilize the trapezoidal design of locking sliding block to combine the inclined structure of both sides, and the clamping arm articulated on the clamping seat is respectively through the transmission part and the sliding fit of the inclined surface of locking sliding block both sides, when locking sliding block reciprocating moves to the direction of clamping arm, two transmission parts slide along its both sides inclined surface, the size of the distance between both sides changes, thereby realizes the reciprocating motion of locking sliding block is converted into the opening and closing action of clamping arm, simple and efficient;

[0021] And when clamping arm closes and clamps, ratchet self-locking assembly realizes self-locking through the locking of locking sliding block, ensures the stable clamping of clamping arm, at the same time, the assembly fault tolerance of locking sliding block and clamping arm is high, even under the condition that there is certain error in alignment, still can realize reliable locking, is more favorable to realize efficient assembly in complex working conditions such as offshore installation;

[0022] 2)The utility model discloses the unlocking mechanism of locking sliding block is simple and effective, utilizes the design of elastic reset piece, so that locking sliding block can complete reset without relying on additional driving force, simplifies the overall structure of clamping locking assembly, when the locking of locking sliding block of ratchet self-locking assembly is released, the action of elastic reset piece (such as tension spring or coil spring) makes locking sliding block can automatically reset after releasing external force, thereby makes clamping arm open, therefore, elastic reset piece through simple, efficient reset mechanism, the reset operation of locking sliding block is automated, without complex driving system, can realize the reset of sliding block.This design greatly reduces the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the device, improves reliability and adaptability;

[0023] 3)The utility model discloses the ratchet self-locking assembly realizes locking and self-locking function through one-way rotation, and the design is simple and ingenious, ratchet wheel finger and limit block interact, after ratchet wheel finger enters the locking position of limit block, forms stable one-way self-locking effect, ensures that locking rod is always locked to locking sliding block, when needs to be unlocked, rotates locking ratchet wheel again, makes ratchet wheel finger and limit block misaligned after unlocking rod is locked to locking sliding block, locking sliding block can be reset and unlocked under the action of elastic reset piece, simple structure, convenient operation;

[0024] Further, one-way ratchet design ensures that locking action is irreversible, avoids loosening due to vibration or accidental external force, is more suitable for offshore high-vibration, high-humidity environment, utilizes the design that the locking plate of clamping seat integrally forms limit block, and the overall structure is more compact, and the structural stability is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic drawing of the clamping equipment of the utility model preferred embodiment ratchet locking structure application.

[0026] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a partial structure exploded view of the clamping seat and base of the clamping device to which the ratchet locking structure of the preferred embodiment of the present application is applied;

[0027] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a partial structure cross-sectional view of the clamping seat and base of the clamping device to which the ratchet locking structure of the preferred embodiment of the present application is applied;

[0028] Figure 4 Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the partial structure at A in Figure 3; Figure 3

[0029] Figure 5 Figure 5 is another angle partial structure cross-sectional view of the ratchet locking structure of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the partial structure at B in Figure 5. Figure 5

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0032] 1, clamping and locking assembly; 11, clamping arm; 111, clamping part; 112, hinged part; 113, transmission part; 12, locking slider; 121, guide lug; 122, rolling sleeve; 13, transmission sleeve; 14, pin shaft; 2, ratchet self-locking assembly; 21, locking ratchet; 22, ratchet pawl; 23, locking rod; 24, elastic pushing piece; 3, elastic reset piece; 4, locking plate; 41, mounting part; 42, locking part; 43, locking protrusion; 431, guide end; 432, limiting end; 44, mounting cavity; 45, guide block; 5, cover plate; 10, clamping device; 101, base; 1011, limiting piece; 102, clamping seat; 1021, limiting block; 103, clamping hand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the technical solutions and advantages of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. The specific structure and characteristics of the present application will be described below in an exemplary manner, which should not constitute any limitation on the present application. At the same time, any one of the technical features mentioned below (including implied or disclosed), as well as any one of the technical features directly shown or implied in the drawings, can be further combined or deleted between these technical features, thereby forming more other embodiments that may not be directly or indirectly mentioned in the present application. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0034] ​​In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the components used are conventional components in the prior art.

[0035] As Figures 1-6 The utility model provides a ratchet wheel locking structure for offshore wind turbine component's transportation or assembly operation to fix offshore wind turbine component's clamping equipment 10 in this embodiment, offshore wind turbine component assembly operation includes but is not limited to wind turbine tower, wind turbine blade, wind turbine cabin etc. Clamping of component's fixed or hoisting operation, the base of clamping equipment is generally used to be connected with the lifting appliance such as crane, and the clamping seat is generally used to be installed in the inner chamber of the base, the clamping seat can be provided with the clamping hand structure, the clamping arm etc. Component corresponding to the use of different wind turbine, this does not involve its structure improvement, therefore, no limit is made.

[0036] This embodiment is an example of the assembly of wind turbine blades, which is used to fix the blades during hoisting; the clamping equipment 10 includes a base 101 and a clamping seat 102 for installing a clamping hand 103, and the ratchet wheel locking structure is used to lock the clamping seat 102 or the clamping hand 103 on the base 101; in the optional embodiment, the clamping seat and the base can adopt a modular design, and both can be provided with openings in the same direction to facilitate the taking and placing operation of the wind turbine blades.

[0037] The ratchet wheel locking structure includes a clamping and locking assembly 1 installed on the clamping seat 102 and a ratchet self-locking assembly 2 for preventing the clamping and locking assembly 1 from loosening; the clamping and locking assembly 1 includes a clamping arm 11 and a locking slider 12 for extruding and pushing the clamping arm 11 to open or close; the base 101 is provided with a limiting piece 1011 matched with the clamping and locking piece; or, the base 101 is provided with the clamping and locking assembly 1 and the ratchet self-locking assembly 2, and the clamping seat 102 is provided with the limiting piece 1011; the locking slider 12 drives the clamping arm 11 to open and clamp on the limiting piece 1011 to lock, and the ratchet self-locking assembly 2 presses and locks the locking slider 12.

[0038] The utility model utilizes the cooperation of the clamping and locking assembly and the ratchet self-locking assembly to realize the locking of the clamping seat and the base, significantly improves the assembly efficiency of the clamping seat and the base, and saves the additional power structure; first, in the clamping and locking assembly, the trapezoidal design of the locking slider is combined with the inclined structure of the two sides, the clamping arm hinged on the clamping seat is respectively matched with the sliding of the inclined surfaces of the two sides of the locking slider through the transmission parts, when the locking slider reciprocates in the direction of the clamping arm, the two transmission parts slide along the two inclined surfaces, the distance between the two changes, thereby converting the reciprocating motion of the locking slider into the opening and closing action of the clamping arm, which is simple and efficient;

[0039] When the clamping arms are closed, the ratchet self-locking assembly is self-locked by the locking sliding block to ensure the stable clamping of the clamping arms; meanwhile, the assembly tolerance of the locking sliding block and the clamping arms is high, and reliable locking can still be achieved even if there is a certain error in the alignment, which is more conducive to efficient assembly in complex conditions such as offshore installation.

[0040] Specifically, the limiting piece 1011 is a limiting rod; the locking sliding block 12 is located between the two clamping arms 11 and is in sliding or rolling contact with the two clamping arms 11 on both sides; the two side edges of the locking sliding block 12 in contact with the clamping arms 11 are inclinedly arranged in the direction of the limiting rod; and the two clamping arms 11 are opened and clamped on the limiting rod under the drive of the locking sliding block 12. In this embodiment, the locking sliding block 12 can reciprocate between the clamping seat and the base, the two side edges of the locking sliding block 12 in contact with the clamping arms 11 are inclinedly arranged in the direction of the limiting rod, and the whole is trapezoidal, so that the inclined surface design of the locking sliding block can be used to apply a pushing force to the clamping arms during sliding contact with the clamping arms, so as to open them outward.

[0041] Beneficially, the clamping arm 11 is provided with a transmission part 113 in contact with the side surface of the locking sliding block 12 at one end close to the hinged part 112; the transmission part 113 is sleeved with a transmission sleeve 13, and the transmission sleeve 13 is in rolling abutment with the side surface of the locking sliding block 12; the width of the locking sliding block 12 gradually decreases in the direction of the limiting piece 1011; when the transmission part 113 is in contact with one end of the locking sliding block 12 close to the limiting piece 1011, the clamping arm 11 is in an open state; when the transmission part 113 is in contact with one end of the locking sliding block 12 away from the limiting piece 1011, the clamping arm 11 is in a closed state; and the limiting rod is located in the clamping groove formed by the two clamping parts 111 and is fixed. Such a design enables the clamping arms to complete the opening and closing actions by relying on the structure itself through the clever cooperation of the trapezoidal width of the locking sliding block and the transmission part, which simplifies the driving mechanism and improves the stability and efficiency of the operation; when the transmission part alternately contacts the distal end and the proximal end of the locking sliding block, the clamping arms are respectively in the open and closed states, making the assembly or locking process more smooth and reliable.

[0042] Optionally, the clamping arm 11 comprises a clamping part 111 and a hinged part 112, the distance between the transmission parts 113 of the two clamping arms 11 is less than the distance between the hinged parts 112 of the two clamping arms 11, and the hinged parts 112 are hinged on the clamping seat 102 through a pin shaft 14; when the two transmission parts 113 rotate towards each other with the hinged part 112 as the center, the clamping arms 11 are opened.

[0043] In order to improve the automatic reset ability of the locking slider, the clamping seat 102 is provided with an elastic reset member 3 connected with the locking slider 12; the locking slider 12 is moved away from the clamping arm 11 under the elastic force of the elastic reset member 3 and the clamping arm 11 is opened; the ratchet self-locking assembly 2 comprises a locking ratchet 21 rotatably arranged on the clamping seat 102 and a plurality of ratchet pawls 22 arranged on the locking ratchet 21 in a circumferential direction; the ratchet pawls 22 are rotatably arranged on the locking ratchet 21; the locking ratchet 21 is connected with a locking rod 23 at the center, the locking rod 23 extends towards the locking slider 12 and presses the locking slider 12 to achieve the locking of the locking slider 12. In this embodiment, the design realizes the automatic reset and stable locking of the locking slider through the cooperation of the elastic reset member and the ratchet self-locking assembly, and optimizes the structural performance and operation convenience.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the elastic reset member 3 is one of a tension spring and a coil spring; one end is fixed on the clamping seat, and the other end is fixedly connected with the locking slider. In order to balance the stress of the locking slider, at least two symmetrical elastic reset members or four evenly spaced elastic limit members can be provided in this embodiment.

[0045] Preferably, the clamping seat 102 is provided with a limiting block 1021 for limiting the locking ratchet 21 from being separated from the clamping seat 102; the limiting block 1021 is arranged alternately with the ratchet pawls 22; when the ratchet pawls 22 are in contact with the limiting block 1021 by rotating the locking ratchet 21, the locking ratchet 21 is limited on the clamping seat 102, and the locking rod 23 presses the locking slider 12; when the ratchet pawls 22 are out of position with the limiting block 1021 by rotating the locking ratchet 21, the locking ratchet 21 and the locking rod 23 can retreat and pop out under the reset action of the locking slider 12. In this embodiment, the precise limiting and control of the locking ratchet are realized by the staggered cooperation of the limiting block and the ratchet pawl: when the ratchet pawl is in contact with the limiting block, the locking ratchet is firmly fixed, which ensures that the locking rod continuously presses the slider and maintains the locking state, avoiding loosening due to vibration or external force. When the pawl is out of position with the block, the locking ratchet automatically retreats under the action of the elastic reset member to realize unlocking. The overall design is simple, safe and reliable, and is suitable for the working condition requirements of high-frequency locking and unlocking.

[0046] Further refinement, the clamping seat 102 is provided with a locking plate 4, the locking plate 4 is concave for installing the locking ratchet 21 installation part 41, the limiting block 1021 along the installation part 41 inner wall circumferentially spaced ring is arranged on the installation part 41, the adjacent two limiting block 1021 between the notch is provided for the ratchet piece 22 through; The inner wall of the installation part 41 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of locking portions 42 for limiting the ratchet piece 22 after rotating the locking ratchet 21; The locking ratchet 21 is circumferentially provided with an elastic pushing piece 24 for pushing the ratchet piece 22 to the locking portion 42 and pressing.

[0047] Further introduce the structure of the locking ratchet, the inner wall of the installation part 41 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of first and last locking blocks 43, the locking block 43 includes a guide end 431 and a limiting end 432; The limiting end 432 of the last locking block 43 and the guide end 431 of the next locking block 43 form the locking portion 42; Rotate the locking ratchet 21, the ratchet piece 22 end and the guide end 431 slide contact, the ratchet piece 22 slides to the limiting end 432, and is limited in the locking portion 42 formed between the limiting end 432 of the last locking block 43 and the guide end 431 of the next locking block 43 under the pushing of the elastic pushing piece 24.

[0048] In this embodiment, the contact surface of the ratchet piece and the locking block is an inclined surface, and the ratchet piece end is provided with a gradually narrowing tip portion, which is beneficial to be inserted into the locking portion.

[0049] In this embodiment, the ratchet piece interacts with the limiting block, the ratchet piece cannot back off in the locking direction, and after the ratchet piece enters the locking position of the limiting block, it is effectively limited by the block to back off, forming a stable one-way self-locking effect, ensuring that the locking rod is always pressed against the locking block; When unlocking is needed, the locking ratchet is rotated again, so that the ratchet piece is dislocated with the limiting block, and the locking rod is released from pressing the locking block, and the locking block can back off and unlock under the action of the elastic restoring member, which is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

[0050] In this embodiment, the elastic pushing piece 24 is one of a compression spring and a spiral spring; one end is fixed on the locking ratchet, and the other end is connected with the ratchet piece.

[0051] Beneficially, the locking plate 4 is provided with a mounting cavity 44 for mounting the locking slider 12 and the clamping arm 11; the side wall of the mounting cavity 44 is provided with a guide block 45 on both sides of the locking slider 12 for guiding the movement of the locking slider 12; the locking slider 12 is provided with a guide lug 121 which is in sliding fit with the guide block 45, and the end of the guide lug 121 which is in sliding contact with the guide block 45 is provided with a rolling sleeve 122 which is in rolling abutment with the surface of the guide block 45.

[0052] Optionally, the mounting portion 41 is covered with a cover plate 5 for preventing foreign matters from entering the locking ratchet 21.

[0053] The above-mentioned embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. For those skilled in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ratchet locking structure applied to a clamping device for fixing offshore wind turbine components in a transportation or assembly operation of offshore wind turbine components, the clamping device comprising a base and a clamping seat for mounting a clamping hand, the ratchet locking structure being used for locking the clamping seat or the clamping hand on the base. characterized in that The ratchet locking structure comprises a clamping locking assembly mounted on the clamping seat and a ratchet self-locking assembly for preventing the clamping locking assembly from loosening; the clamping locking assembly comprises a clamping arm and a locking slider for extruding and pushing the clamping arm to open or close; the base is provided with a limiting piece matched with the clamping locking piece; or, the base is provided with the clamping locking assembly and the ratchet self-locking assembly, and the clamping seat is provided with the limiting piece; the locking slider drives the clamping arm to open and clamp on the limiting piece to be locked, and the ratchet self-locking assembly presses and locks the locking slider.

2. The ratchet locking structure of claim 1, wherein The limiting piece is a limiting rod; the locking slider is located between the two clamping arms, and the two sides thereof are in sliding or rolling contact with the two clamping arms respectively; the two side edges of the locking slider in contact with the clamping arms are arranged obliquely towards the limiting rod; the two clamping arms are opened and clamped on the limiting rod under the driving of the locking slider.

3. The ratchet locking structure of claim 2, wherein The clamping arm comprises a clamping part and a hinged part, and an end of the clamping arm close to the hinged part is provided with a transmission part in contact with the side surface of the locking slider; a transmission sleeve is sleeved on the transmission part, and the transmission sleeve is in rolling abutment with the side surface of the locking slider; the width of the locking slider gradually decreases towards the limiting piece; when the transmission part is in contact with one end of the locking slider close to the limiting piece, the clamping arm is in an open state; when the transmission part is in contact with the other end of the locking slider away from the limiting piece, the clamping arm is in a closed state; and the limiting rod is located in and fixed in a clamping groove formed by the two clamping parts.

4. The ratchet locking structure of claim 3, wherein The distance between the transmission parts of the two clamping arms is smaller than the distance between the hinged parts of the two clamping arms, and the hinged parts are hinged on the clamping seat through a pin shaft; when the two transmission parts rotate towards each other with the hinged part as the center, the clamping arm is in an open state.

5. The ratchet locking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The clamping seat is provided with an elastic reset piece connected with the locking slider; the locking slider moves away from the clamping arm under the elastic force of the elastic reset piece and opens the clamping arm; the ratchet self-locking assembly comprises a locking ratchet rotatably arranged on the clamping seat and a plurality of ratchet pawls arranged on the locking ratchet in a circumferential direction; the ratchet pawls are rotatably arranged on the locking ratchet; the locking ratchet is connected with a locking rod at the center, the locking rod extends towards the locking slider and presses the locking slider to achieve locking of the locking slider.

6. The ratchet locking structure of claim 5, wherein The clamping seat is provided with a limiting block for limiting the locking ratchet from being separated from the clamping seat; the limiting block and the ratchet pawl are arranged alternately; when the ratchet pawl is in contact with the limiting block by rotating the locking ratchet, the locking ratchet is limited on the clamping seat, and the locking rod presses the locking slider; when the ratchet pawl is out of position with the limiting block by rotating the locking ratchet, the locking ratchet and the locking rod can retreat and pop out under the reset action of the locking slider.

7. The ratchet locking structure of claim 6, wherein The locking plate is concave with an installation part for installing the locking ratchet, the limiting blocks are circumferentially and spaced apart annularly arranged on the installation part, and a gap is arranged between two adjacent limiting blocks for the ratchet piece to pass through; the installation part inner wall is circumferentially provided with a plurality of locking portions for limiting the ratchet piece after rotating with the locking ratchet; the locking ratchet is circumferentially provided with an elastic pushing piece for pushing the ratchet piece to the locking portion and pressing tightly.

8. The ratchet locking structure of claim 7, wherein The installation part inner wall is circumferentially provided with a plurality of head-to-tail connected locking blocks, the locking blocks include a guide end and a limiting end; the limiting end of the previous locking block and the guide end of the next locking block form the locking portion; rotating the locking ratchet, the ratchet piece end and the guide end are in sliding contact, and the ratchet piece is limited between the limiting end of the previous locking block and the guide end of the next locking block to form the locking portion under the pushing of the elastic pushing piece.

9. The ratchet locking structure of claim 7, wherein The locking plate is provided with an installation cavity for installing the locking block and the clamping arm; the side wall of the installation cavity is provided with a guide block on both sides of the locking block for guiding the movement of the locking block; the locking block is provided with a guide lug in sliding cooperation with the guide block, and one end of the guide lug in sliding contact with the guide block is provided with a rolling sleeve in rolling abutment with the surface of the guide block.

10. The ratchet locking structure of claim 7, wherein The installation part cover is provided with a cover plate for preventing foreign matters from entering the locking ratchet; the elastic reset member is one of a tension spring and a spiral spring; and the elastic pushing piece is one of a compression spring and a spiral spring.

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