Land parcel marking system for remote sensing measurement of vegetation coverage

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of methods or devices for identification by using electronic equipment, and discloses a land parcel marking system for remote sensing measurement of vegetation coverage. Comprising anti-deviation piles which are arranged at the four corners of a quadrat and vertically driven into the ground, side cables which are arranged around the four anti-deviation piles and form a square in a surrounding mode, and quadrat shaping cables which are used for preventing the side cables from forming a quadrangle except the square in a surrounding mode. The lengths of the four sides of the quadrat are ensured to be the same through the anti-deviation piles and the side cables, and then the quadrat shaping cable which is tightened and has the length consistent with the length of the diagonal line of the quadrat theoretically is used for ensuring that the shape of the quadrat can only be square, so that the regular quadrat can be quickly released; when the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots, whether the shooting angle of a picture meets the requirement or not can be quickly judged by judging whether the side face of the anti-deviation pile vertically nailed into the ground is visible or not. Therefore, quick and high-precision lofting and shooting angle judgment are realized by using a tool which is small in workload, low in cost and portable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the method or device technical field of application electronic equipment carries out identification, especially a kind of land marker system for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vegetation cover refers to the percentage of the vertical projection area of the above-ground part of the total plant community or each individual to the sample area, which is an important basis for judging the effect when vegetation is restored. The traditional vegetation cover statistical method is to use a fine needle to count the proportion of the fine needle intersecting with vegetation in the total fine needle in the sample plot. This statistical method is very low in efficiency. With the development of technology, the use of unmanned aerial vehicle to shoot images and then use ENVI image processing software to count vegetation cover has gradually become the mainstream.

[0003] The use of unmanned aerial vehicle to count vegetation cover has requirements for the shot images. The line of sight of the video camera in the image must be perpendicular to the ground. If there is any deviation, the result of the counting will be seriously distorted. At the same time, the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle in this process also has its own characteristics. This shooting process belongs to typical ultra-low altitude shooting. The flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle is not more than 20 meters, so that small objects on the ground can be seen clearly. However, this also means that the sample plot is small each time, and a large number of sample plots need to be measured. Moreover, the sample plot itself also needs to be regular. If the sample plot is irregular, the result will also be seriously distorted.

[0004] In order to release a regular sample plot and ensure that the shooting angle meets the requirements, RTK (Real Time Kinematic, real-time dynamic measurement) technology can be used to assist in releasing the sample plot. However, the related equipment is relatively expensive and is relatively troublesome to use, which brings additional cost and workload to the measurement work. If the sample plot is released by visual observation and the shooting angle is ensured to meet the requirements, the precision is also low. Taking the measurement of the vegetation cover of the dump and gangue field in Wuhai mining area as an example, the subject group of the inventor only has one set of RTK equipment, and the use time is very full. It is difficult to arrange, and the measurement of vegetation cover itself does not require coordinates. If RTK is used to assist, many operations are redundant (such as various coordinate control related operations). If the sample plot is released by visual observation and the shooting angle is judged, there is no confidence in the precision. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of land marker system for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover.

[0006] The technical problem solved is that when using unmanned aerial vehicle to measure vegetation cover, there are requirements for the sample plot to be released and the shooting angle. However, if precise coordinate control technology represented by RTK is used to assist, it is expensive and many operations are redundant. If visual observation is used, the precision is relatively low.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model discloses the following technical scheme: a plot marking system for remote sensing measurement vegetation coverage is used to enclose standard plot and judge whether the shooting angle is qualified when using unmanned aerial vehicle to measure vegetation coverage, the plot marking system includes the anti-deviation stake of setting in the position of the four corners of the quadrat and vertically hitting into the ground, the edge cable of setting around four anti-deviation stakes and enclosing the square, and the quadrat shaping cable for preventing the square of the edge cable from enclosing the quadrat.

[0008] The length of the two quadrat shaping cables is equal to the diagonal length of the quadrat, and the quadrat shaping cables are arranged at the diagonal position of the quadrat when the plot marking system is laid on the site, and the end of each quadrat shaping cable is tied on the anti-deviation stake at the diagonal position and is taut, and the quadrat shaping cable is separated from the anti-deviation stake after the anti-deviation stake is set up.

[0009] When the unmanned aerial vehicle is shooting, the photo that can only see the top of the anti-deviation stake and cannot see the side of the anti-deviation stake is the qualified photo of the shooting angle.

[0010] Further, the top of the anti-deviation stake is fixed with the inclination control top cover for controlling the inclination of the anti-deviation stake, and the inclination control top cover is a disc coaxial with the anti-deviation stake.

[0011] The diameter of the anti-deviation stake is d, the length of the ground part is L, and the diameter D of the inclination control top cover is 0.05L+d.

[0012] Further, the anti-deviation stake is a galvanized steel pipe with a sharp head cut on the bottom, and the inclination control top cover is a circular steel plate welded on the top of the anti-deviation stake.

[0013] Further, the edge cable is a tape measure or four inextensible ropes.

[0014] When the edge cable is a tape measure, one end of the tape measure is tied on the side of one anti-deviation stake, and then is set around the four anti-deviation stakes and is tied when intersecting with the side of the remaining three anti-deviation stakes.

[0015] When the edge cable is an inextensible rope, the end of the edge cable is always tied on the side of the anti-deviation stake and is wound on the anti-deviation stake when the anti-deviation stake is retracted.

[0016] Further, the color of the edge cable under the CMYK color scale is C62-M0-Y100-K0.

[0017] Further, the quadrat is a square plot of 5m square.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the plot marking system for remote sensing measurement vegetation coverage has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model discloses a kind of for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover plot marker system, for when surrounding standard plot and judging whether the shooting angle is qualified by unmanned aerial vehicle measurement vegetation cover, plot marker system includes the anti-deviation stake 1 being set in the position of quadrangle of sample plot and being vertically driven into ground, the edge cable 2 being set around four anti-deviation stakes 1 and being surrounded into square, and the sample plot shaping cable 3 for preventing the quadrangle except that square is surrounded by edge cable 2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover plot marker system in field layout process, and the view angle is top view in drawing;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover plot marker system after layout is completed, and the view angle is top view in drawing;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic diagram of anti-deviation stake;

[0023] In drawing, 1-anti-deviation stake, 11-inclination control top cover, 2-edge cable, 3-sample plot shaping cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] As shown in the application of the utility model, the vegetation cover measurement of Wuhai mining area dump, gangue dump is taken as example, Figures 1-2 A kind of for remote sensing measurement vegetation cover plot marker system, for when surrounding standard plot and judging whether the shooting angle is qualified by unmanned aerial vehicle measurement vegetation cover, plot marker system includes the anti-deviation stake 1 being set in the position of quadrangle of sample plot and being vertically driven into ground, the edge cable 2 being set around four anti-deviation stakes 1 and being surrounded into square, and the sample plot shaping cable 3 for preventing the quadrangle except that square is surrounded by edge cable 2.

[0025] Here edge cable 2 is used to ensure that the four edges of the sample plot initially released by setting out are the same, so the length of edge cable 2 on the four edges is consistent, and is preferably bound together with anti-deviation stake 1. Of course, it can also be not bound, but it is necessary to ensure that anti-deviation stake 1 and edge cable 2 are held during setting out.

[0026] Two sample plot shaping cables 3 are equal in length to the diagonal length of the sample plot, and are set at the diagonal position of the sample plot when the plot marker system is laid out in the field, and each sample plot shaping cable 3 is bound to the anti-deviation stake 1 at the diagonal position and is taut at the end; after anti-deviation stake 1 is set, it is separated from anti-deviation stake 1.

[0027] The length of the shaping cord 3 is consistent with the diagonal length of the sample square in theory. After being tightened, the sample square will be a regular square. After the setting-out is completed, it needs to be removed to avoid affecting image recognition in the sample square.

[0028] When taking photos with a drone, only the top of the anti-deviation pile 1 can be seen, and the side of the anti-deviation pile 1 cannot be seen. The photo is a qualified photo of the shooting angle.

[0029] That is, multiple groups of photos of a sample square need to be taken with a drone, and the photo with a qualified shooting angle is selected for image processing. Taking multiple groups of photos only requires a little more work for drone shooting. Of course, the camera angle of the drone can also be adjusted until the real-time image of the anti-deviation pile 1 inside cannot see the side.

[0030] As shown in Figure 3 The top of the anti-deviation pile 1 is fixed with the inclination control top cover 11 for controlling the inclination of the anti-deviation pile 1. The inclination control top cover 11 is a disc coaxial with the anti-deviation pile 1.

[0031] The diameter of the anti-deviation pile 1 is d, the length of the ground part is L, and the diameter D of the inclination control top cover 11 is 0.05L+d.

[0032] In actual pile driving and shooting, if the angle requirement is not allowed to be deviated at all, even if RTK technology is used to assist in setting-out and measurement, it is difficult to achieve that the ground is not flat. In actual operation, a little angle deviation is allowed, and a deviation of three degrees is usually acceptable. When the diameter of the top cover is the above value, the side of the anti-deviation pile 1 cannot be seen within a deviation of three degrees. Thus, within the allowed range of precision, the measurement difficulty is greatly reduced. At the same time, the inclination control top cover 11 can also assist the pile driving process. The hand can be pressed or the hammer can be used to knock on the inclination control top cover 11, which has a similar effect to a nail cap. In addition, during pile driving, after the pile driving is completed, the level is used to measure on the inclination control top cover 11. If it is in a horizontal state, it means that it is perpendicular to the ground. Here, a circular bubble level is preferably used. If the hammer is not needed during the whole process, the level can be directly made on the inclination control top cover 11.

[0033] The anti-deviation pile 1 is a galvanized steel pipe with a sharp tip cut at the bottom, and the inclination control top cover 11 is a circular steel plate welded at the top of the anti-deviation pile 1.

[0034] The anti-deviation pile 1 with this structure is very durable and easy to process. Even if the sharp part is blunt, it can be re-cut to maintain sharpness.

[0035] The side cord 2 is a tape measure or four non-stretchable ropes.

[0036] When the edge rope 2 is a tape, one end of the tape is tied to the side of one anti-deviation stake 1, and then is arranged around the four anti-deviation stakes 1, and is tied when intersecting the side of the remaining three anti-deviation stakes 1.

[0037] When the edge rope 2 is an inextensible rope, the end of the edge rope 2 is tied to the side of the anti-deviation stake 1 all the time, and is wound on the anti-deviation stake 1 when the anti-deviation stake 1 is retracted.

[0038] In the embodiment, the sample plot is a square plot with a size of 5m*5m. When the edge rope 2 is a tape, a mark is drawn on the tape every 5m, and then the mark positions are sequentially wound and tied to the side of the anti-deviation stake 1 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. If a rope is used, four ropes with a length of 5m are cut and tied to the anti-deviation stake 1 in the manner shown in the figure. Figure 2 When retracted, the anti-deviation stake 1 is directly used as a winding wheel.

[0039] The color of the edge rope 2 under the CMYK color scale is C62-M0-Y100-K0. The color is the color of a green screen, and can be well recognized in various image recognition software, so as to serve as a frame for subsequent image processing. Of course, the specific color to be selected can be selected according to actual needs, as long as the image recognition software can quickly recognize.

[0040] Taking the measurement of the vegetation coverage of the dump and the gangue dump of the Wuhai mining area as an example, the field layout method of the plot marking system for remote sensing measurement of vegetation coverage comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step one: install the sample plot shaping rope 3;

[0042] Step two: expand the utility model on the site. When there are four operators, the sample plot shaping rope 3 can be completely opened and staked. After staking, the inclination is measured by using a level to control whether the top cover 11 is horizontal. If not, adjust to be horizontal.

[0043] If there is only one operator, one stake can be first staked, then one sample plot shaping rope 3 is pulled to stake the other stake on the diagonal line, then one of the remaining anti-deviation stakes 1 is held, the two edge ropes 2 on the anti-deviation stake 1 are pulled tight, and the remaining sample plot shaping rope 3 is pulled tight and staked. After staking, the inclination is measured by using a level to control whether the top cover 11 is horizontal. If not, adjust to be horizontal.

[0044] Step three: remove the sample plot shaping rope 3;

[0045] Step four: take pictures of the sample plot, and select the pictures with qualified shooting angles for subsequent processing.

[0046] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those of ordinary skill in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A plot marking system for remote sensing measurement of vegetation cover, used to demarcate standard plots and determine whether the shooting angle is qualified when using a drone to measure vegetation cover, characterized in that: The plot marking system comprises anti-deviation stakes (1) arranged at the corners of the quadrat and vertically driven into the ground, side ropes (2) arranged around the four anti-deviation stakes (1) and forming a square, and quadrat shaping ropes (3) for preventing the side ropes (2) from forming a quadrilateral other than a square. The two quadrat shaping ropes (3) have equal lengths equal to the diagonal length of the quadrat and are arranged at the diagonal positions of the quadrat when the plot marking system is laid in the field, and the end of each quadrat shaping rope (3) is tied to the anti-deviation stake (1) at the diagonal position and is taut; the quadrat shaping rope (3) is detached from the anti-deviation stake (1) after the anti-deviation stake (1) is driven in; When taking photos by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the photos in which only the top of the anti-deviation stake (1) can be seen and the side of the anti-deviation stake (1) cannot be seen are qualified photos.

2. A field marker system for remote sensing of vegetation cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the anti-deviation stake (1) is fixed with a tilt control top cover (11) for controlling the tilt of the anti-deviation stake (1), and the tilt control top cover (11) is a disc coaxial with the anti-deviation stake (1). The diameter of the anti-deviation stake (1) is d, the length of the above-ground part is L, and the diameter D of the tilt control top cover (11) is 0.05L+d.

3. A field marker system for remote sensing of vegetation cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-deviation stake (1) is a galvanized steel pipe with a sharp tip cut at the bottom, and the tilt control top cover (11) is a circular steel plate welded at the top of the anti-deviation stake (1).

4. A field marker system for remote sensing of vegetation cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side rope (2) is a tape measure or four non-stretchable ropes. When the side rope (2) is a tape measure, one end of the tape measure is tied to the side of one anti-deviation stake (1), and then the tape measure is arranged around the four anti-deviation stakes (1) and tied when intersecting the sides of the remaining three anti-deviation stakes (1). When the side rope (2) is a non-stretchable rope, the end of the side rope (2) is always tied to the side of the anti-deviation stake (1) and is wound around the anti-deviation stake (1) when the anti-deviation stake (1) is retracted.

5. A field marker system for remote sensing of vegetation cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color of the side rope (2) under the CMYK color scale is C62-M0-Y100-K0.

6. A field marker system for remote sensing of vegetation cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quadrat is a 5m square square plot.

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