Control electrode voltage adjustable driving circuit applied to power device

Abstract

The utility model provides a control electrode voltage adjustable drive circuit applied to a power device, comprising a power supply conversion module which generates a positive polarity voltage, a negative polarity voltage and a grounding voltage based on a first power supply voltage; the positive voltage adjustable circuit comprises a first slide rheostat, receives positive polarity voltage from the power supply conversion module and generates positive polarity control electrode voltage based on the first slide rheostat; the negative voltage adjustable circuit comprises a second slide rheostat, receives the negative polarity voltage from the power supply conversion module and generates a negative polarity control electrode voltage based on the second slide rheostat; the push-pull driving circuit comprises a first triode, a second triode and a double-open switch, a first pole of the first triode receives positive polarity control electrode voltage, and a first pole of the second triode is connected to negative polarity control electrode voltage or a grounding end through the double-open switch.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of integrated circuit especially relates to a control electrode voltage adjustable drive circuit for power device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Power semiconductor is the key device widely used in power electronics, computer and other fields, and its stable reliability and life improvement has become the bottleneck of the development of the current semiconductor field. In order to make the power semiconductor device play better performance, it is necessary to research and design the drive circuit. However, there are some problems in the design and application of power semiconductor drive circuit. At present, when designing power device drive, MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor), IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor), SiC, GaN and other types of power device are designed separately with drive circuit and drive board, which causes the cost to rise. In addition, different drive chips have different delays, which causes the delay time of the whole drive circuit to be different. Therefore, a drive circuit scheme with wider application range, better performance and lower cost is needed. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a control electrode voltage adjustable drive circuit for power device, which mainly solves the problem of lack of a drive circuit scheme with wider application range, better performance and lower cost in the prior art.

[0004] The utility model aims to realize through the following scheme:

[0005] According to the embodiment of the utility model, a control electrode voltage adjustable drive circuit for power device is provided, which comprises: a power conversion module, which generates positive polarity voltage, negative polarity voltage and ground voltage based on the first power supply voltage;A positive voltage adjustable circuit comprising a first sliding rheostat, which receives positive polarity voltage from the power conversion module and generates positive polarity control electrode voltage based on the first sliding rheostat;A negative voltage adjustable circuit comprising a second sliding rheostat, which receives negative polarity voltage from the power conversion module and generates negative polarity control electrode voltage based on the second sliding rheostat;A push-pull drive circuit comprising a first triode, a second triode and a double-open switch, the first pole of the first triode receives positive polarity control electrode voltage, and the first pole of the second triode is connected to negative polarity control electrode voltage or ground end through the double-open switch.

[0006] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the power conversion module includes: power conversion module, its positive input end is connected with the first power voltage, its negative input end is connected with ground terminal, and output positive polarity voltage, negative polarity voltage and ground voltage, first capacitor, it is connected between the first power voltage and the ground terminal, second capacitor, it is connected between the first power voltage and the ground terminal.

[0007] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the power conversion module is an isolated power module.

[0008] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the model of the power conversion module is R15P22005D, and the model of the first voltage stabilizing module is LM317.

[0009] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the positive voltage adjustable circuit includes: first voltage stabilizing module, the input end of the first voltage stabilizing module is connected with the positive polarity voltage, the input end is also connected with the ground after being connected with the third capacitor in series, the output end of the first voltage stabilizing module outputs positive polarity control electrode voltage, the first diode is connected in series between the output end and the input end, the anode of the first diode is connected with the output end, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the input end, the second diode and the fifth capacitor are connected in series between the output end and the ground, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the output end, and the anode of the second diode is connected with the capacitor; the first adjusting end of the first voltage stabilizing module is connected with the ground after being connected with the first sliding rheostat in series, the first resistor is connected between the first adjusting end and the output end, the first adjusting end is connected with the anode of the second diode, and the output end is connected with the ground after being connected with the fourth capacitor in series.

[0010] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the first triode is an NPN triode, and the second triode is a PNP triode.

[0011] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the negative voltage adjustable circuit includes: second voltage stabilizing module, the input end of the second voltage stabilizing module is connected with the negative polarity voltage, the input end of the second voltage stabilizing module is connected with the ground after being connected with the sixth capacitor in series, the third resistor and the second sliding rheostat are connected in series between the output end and the ground of the second voltage stabilizing module, the second adjusting end is connected with one end of the third resistor close to the second sliding rheostat, the seventh capacitor is connected in series between the output end and the ground, and the output end outputs negative polarity control electrode voltage.

[0012] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the model of the second voltage stabilizing module is LM337.

[0013] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the push-pull drive circuit further comprises a fifth resistor and an eighth capacitor connected in parallel between the second pole and the third pole of the power device, wherein the pulse width control signal in the push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second pole of the first triode and the second triode, the first pole of the first triode is connected to the positive polarity control pole voltage, the third pole of the first triode is connected to an on-resistance, and the other end of the on-resistance is connected to the second pole of the power device; the third pole of the second triode is connected to an off-resistance, the other end of the off-resistance is connected to the second pole of the power device, the drain pole of the power device is connected to the second power supply voltage, and the source pole of the power device is grounded.

[0014] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the power device comprises a MOSFET power device, an IGBT power device, a SiC power device and a GaN power device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: through the double on-off switch in the positive voltage adjustable circuit, the negative voltage adjustable circuit and the push-pull drive circuit, the control pole voltage can be adjusted and controlled, which is applicable in most application scenarios, including high-side driving; in addition, the switching function designed therein meets the off requirements of different devices; in addition, the slide resistor in the positive voltage adjustable circuit also reduces the cost of voltage adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The embodiment of the utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a circuit schematic view of the push-pull circuit in the prior art;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a circuit schematic view of the control pole voltage adjustable drive circuit of the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Before undertaking a review of the detailed description provided below, it can be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases which have been used throughout this patent document. The terms "couple," "coupled," and "coupling" along with derivatives thereof are intended to mean any connection, whether direct or indirect, between two or more elements, regardless of the nature of the connection. The terms "transmit," "receive," and "communicate," along with derivatives thereof, are intended to include direct and indirect communication between two or more elements. The terms "include," "comprise," and "comprising," and the like, are inclusive and not exclusive. The term "or" is intended to be inclusive and not exclusive, in other words, "A or B" means "A, B, or both." The phrase "associated with," as well as derivatives thereof, means to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have a property of, have relations with, or the like. The term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller can be implemented in hardware or any combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller can be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely. The phrase "at least one of," when used with respect to a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items can be used and only one item from the list can be needed. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, A and B and C.

[0020] Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0021] In this patent document, the terms module, application, and division of a module are used for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0022] In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical scheme and advantage more clear, the following will be further detailed by specific embodiment in the utility model through the attached drawing. It should be understood that the specific embodiment described here is only used to explain the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model.

[0023] First, in order to better understand the utility model, first review the push-pull circuit in prior art.

[0024] As Figure 1As shown, the prior art generally uses a push-pull circuit as the driving of the power device, by controlling two triodes to control the device gate (in the case of MOS). For example, the triodes are NPN triodes and PNP triodes. When the triode B pole (base) is high, the NPN tube is open, the PNP tube is not conductive, VCC is connected to the second pole through the Rg resistor, the device is turned on, when the triode B pole (base) is low, the PNP is open, the NPN is not conductive, the gate is connected to the ground through Rg, the device is turned off. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first pole of the triode is the collector, the second pole is the base, and the third pole is the emitter. In addition, when the PNP triode, the first pole is the emitter, the second pole is the base, and the third pole is the collector. For NMOS tube, the first pole is the drain, the second pole is the gate, and the third pole is the source. In addition, for PMOS tube, the first pole is the source, the second pole is the gate, and the third pole is the drain.

[0025] In addition, the applicant found that for low-voltage devices such as MOSFET, the driving circuit requirements are not high, and push-pull circuit can also be used to drive IC directly. However, for high-voltage devices such as IGBT, SiC MOSFET, it is necessary to use push-pull circuit to enhance the driving ability. In addition, part of the special application also needs to increase the isolation drive, in order to ensure the normal work of the device.

[0026] As can be seen, as described in the background art, there is a lack of a driving circuit scheme with wider application range, better performance and lower cost in the prior art.

[0027] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a driving circuit for power devices, which can solve the above problems. Figure 2As shown, according to the embodiment of the utility model, provide a kind of control electrode voltage adjustable drive circuit 100 applied to power device, comprising: power conversion module 110, based on the first power voltage VCC1 Generation positive polarity voltage +VOUT, negative polarity voltage-VOUT and ground voltage COM;Positive voltage adjustable circuit 120, including first sliding rheostat R2, receive positive polarity voltage +VOUT from the power conversion module 110 and based on the first sliding rheostat R2 Generation positive polarity control electrode voltage +VGE;Negative voltage adjustable circuit 130, including second sliding rheostat R4, receive negative polarity voltage-VOUT from the power conversion module 110 and based on the second sliding rheostat R4 Generation negative polarity control electrode voltage-VGE;Push-pull drive circuit 140, including first triode Q3, second triode Q5 and double-open switch SW1, the first pole of the first triode Q3 receives positive polarity control electrode voltage +VGE, the first pole of the second triode Q5 is connected to negative polarity control electrode voltage-VGE or ground terminal COM via the double-open switch SW1.It can be adjusted control electrode voltage by positive voltage adjustable circuit, negative voltage adjustable circuit and double-open switch in push-pull drive circuit, so that it is applicable in most application scenarios, including high-side drive;In addition, the switching function designed therein meets the shutdown needs of different devices;In addition, the sliding rheostat in positive voltage adjustable circuit also reduces the cost of voltage regulation.

[0028] In addition, Q3 is NPN triode, Q5 is PNP triode, Q1 is the power device to be driven, VCC1 is the power supply voltage of power module, VCC2 is the voltage of power device collector terminal, SW1 is single-pole double-throw switch, the first pole is collector, the second pole is base, and the third pole is emitter.

[0029] In order to provide working voltage for voltage adjustable circuit, again referring to Figure 2 , according to the embodiment of the utility model, the power conversion module 120 includes: power conversion module U4, the positive input end +Vin thereof is connected with the first power voltage VCC1, the negative input end-Vin thereof is connected with ground terminal, and outputs positive polarity voltage +Vout, negative polarity voltage-Vout and ground voltage COM;First capacitor C1 is connected between the first power voltage VCC1 and the ground terminal;Second capacitor C2 is connected between the first power voltage VCC1 and the ground terminal.

[0030] In addition, in order to effectively isolate the bus voltage of power devices such as IGBT, silicon carbide MOS, etc. during work, protect the driving circuit and the chip, according to the embodiment of the utility model, the power conversion module is an isolated power module. Exemplarily, according to the embodiment of the utility model, the model of the power conversion module is R15P22005D, the model of the first voltage stabilizing module is LM317, and the power conversion module has an isolation effect of 3000V, thereby increasing the stability of the circuit.

[0031] In addition, in order to adjust the control electrode voltage VGS of the power device when it is turned on, by adjusting different control electrode voltages, the application range of the circuit is enhanced, and again referring to Figure 2 , according to the embodiment of the utility model, the positive voltage adjustable circuit 120 comprises: a first voltage stabilizing module U3, the input end INPUT of the first voltage stabilizing module U3 is connected with the positive polarity voltage +Vout, the input end is also connected with the ground after being connected with a third capacitor C3 in series, the output end OUTPUT of the first voltage stabilizing module U3 outputs the positive polarity control electrode voltage +VGE, a first diode U5 is connected in series between the output end and the input end, the positive pole of the first diode U5 is connected with the output end, and the negative pole is connected with the input end, a second diode U6 and a fifth capacitor C5 are connected in series between the output end and the ground, the negative pole of the second diode U6 is connected with the output end, and the positive pole is connected with the capacitor; the first adjustment end ADJUST of the first voltage stabilizing module U3 is connected with the ground after being connected with a first sliding rheostat R2 in series, a first resistor R1 is connected between the first adjustment end and the output end, the first adjustment end is connected with the positive pole of the second diode U6, and the output end is connected with the ground after being connected with a fourth capacitor C4 in series. Exemplarily, the model of the first voltage stabilizing module is LM317.

[0032] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the first triode is an NPN triode, and the second triode is a PNP triode.

[0033] In addition, in order to adjust the control electrode voltage VGE of the power device when it is turned off under negative voltage, according to the embodiment of the utility model, the negative voltage adjustable circuit 130 comprises: a second voltage stabilizing module U2, the input end VIN of the second voltage stabilizing module U2 is connected with the negative polarity voltage -VOUT, the input end of the second voltage stabilizing module U2 is connected with the ground after being connected with a sixth capacitor C6 in series, a third resistor R3 and a second sliding rheostat R4 are connected in series between the output end and the ground of the second voltage stabilizing module U2, the second adjustment end is connected with one end of the third resistor R3 close to the second sliding rheostat R4, a seventh capacitor C7 is connected in series between the output end and the ground, and the output end outputs the negative polarity control electrode voltage -VGE.

[0034] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the model of the second voltage stabilizing module is LM337.

[0035] In addition, in order to enhance the driving capability of the control electrode of the power device by using the triode characteristic, and to meet the turn-off requirements of different devices, referring again to Figure 2 According to the embodiment of the utility model, the push-pull drive circuit 140 further includes: a fifth resistor R5 and an eighth capacitor C8 connected in parallel between the second electrode and the third electrode of the power device Q1, wherein the pulse width control signal PWM in the push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second electrode of the first triode Q3 and the second triode Q5, the first electrode of the first triode Q3 is connected to the positive control electrode voltage +VGE, the third electrode of the first triode Q3 is connected to the turn-on resistor Rgon, the other end of the turn-on resistor Rgon is connected to the second electrode of the power device Q1, the third electrode of the second triode Q5 is connected to the turn-off resistor Rgoff, the other end of the turn-off resistor Rgoff is connected to the second electrode of the power device Q1, the drain electrode of the power device Q1 is connected to the second power supply voltage VCC2, and the source electrode of the power device Q1 is grounded. For example, the MOS can be selected to be turned off at 0V, can be selected to be turned off at a negative voltage, and the negative voltage can be adjusted.

[0036] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the power device includes a MOSFET power device, an IGBT power device, a SiC power device, and a GaN power device.

[0037] According to the embodiment of the utility model, the working principle of the circuit is as follows: VCC1 provides a working voltage for the power conversion module, the +Vin input of U4 is for example 12V, the +VOUT output is 20V and the -VOUT output is -5V, the +20V voltage passes through the positive voltage adjusting circuit and is adjusted by the slide resistor R2 to form a 1.2V-37V adjustable voltage, and the -5V voltage passes through the negative voltage adjusting circuit and is adjusted by the slide resistor R4 to form a -1.2--37V adjustable voltage. The PWM signal is given to the B electrode of Q3 and Q5, when the signal is at a high level, Q3 is turned on and Q5 is closed, and the +VGE, that is, the adjusted positive voltage, flows through Q3 and is given to the second electrode of Q1 through the Rgon, so that Q1 is turned on; when the signal is at a low level, Q3 is closed and Q5 is turned on, the gate electrode reaches SW1 through the Rgoff and Q5, and SW1 can be selected to be connected to the -VGE of the No. 3 terminal or to the COM of the No. 1 terminal, representing negative voltage turn-off and 0V turn-off respectively.

[0038] The above has described various embodiments of the present application, the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications, or improvements in the technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A control electrode voltage adjustable driving circuit applied to a power device, characterized by, The application relates to a push-pull driving circuit, comprising: a power conversion module for generating a positive polarity voltage, a negative polarity voltage and a ground voltage based on a first power supply voltage; a positive voltage adjustable circuit comprising a first slide rheostat, receiving the positive polarity voltage from the power conversion module and generating a positive polarity control electrode voltage based on the first slide rheostat; a negative voltage adjustable circuit comprising a second slide rheostat, receiving the negative polarity voltage from the power conversion module and generating a negative polarity control electrode voltage based on the second slide rheostat; a push-pull driving circuit comprising a first triode, a second triode and a double-open switch, the first pole of the first triode receiving the positive polarity control electrode voltage, and the first pole of the second triode being connected to the negative polarity control electrode voltage or the ground terminal through the double-open switch.

2. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 1, wherein, The power conversion module comprises: a power conversion module, the positive input end of which is connected with the first power supply voltage, the negative input end of which is connected with the ground terminal, and the power conversion module outputs the positive polarity voltage, the negative polarity voltage and the ground voltage; a first capacitor connected between the first power supply voltage and the ground terminal; a second capacitor connected between the first power supply voltage and the ground terminal.

3. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 2, wherein, The power conversion module is an isolation power module.

4. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 1, wherein, The first triode is an NPN triode, and the second triode is a PNP triode.

5. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 1, wherein, The positive voltage adjustable circuit comprises: a first voltage stabilizing module, the input end of which is connected with the positive polarity voltage, the input end being further connected with the ground terminal in series with a third capacitor, the output end of the first voltage stabilizing module outputting the positive polarity control electrode voltage, a first diode being connected in series between the output end and the input end, the anode of the first diode being connected with the output end and the cathode of the first diode being connected with the input end, a second diode and a fifth capacitor being connected in series between the output end and the ground terminal, the cathode of the second diode being connected with the output end and the anode of the second diode being connected with the capacitor; a first resistor being connected between the first adjusting end of the first voltage stabilizing module and the output end, the first adjusting end being connected with the anode of the second diode, and the output end being connected with the ground terminal in series with a fourth capacitor.

6. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 5, wherein The model of the power conversion module is R15P22005D, and the model of the first voltage stabilizing module is LM317.

7. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 1, wherein The negative voltage adjustable circuit comprises: a second voltage stabilizing module, the input end of which is connected with the negative polarity voltage, the input end of the second voltage stabilizing module being connected with the ground terminal in series with a sixth capacitor, a third resistor and a second slide rheostat being connected in series between the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module and the ground terminal, the second adjusting end of the second voltage stabilizing module being connected with one end of the third resistor close to the second slide rheostat, a seventh capacitor being connected in series between the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module and the ground terminal, and the output end of the second voltage stabilizing module outputting the negative polarity control electrode voltage.

8. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 1, wherein, The model of the second voltage stabilizing module is LM337.

9. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The push-pull driving circuit further comprises: The fifth resistor and the eighth capacitor are connected in parallel between the second pole and the third pole of the power device, wherein the pulse width control signal in the push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second pole of the first triode and the second triode, the first pole of the first triode is connected to the positive polarity control electrode voltage, the third pole of the first triode is connected to the turn-on resistor, and the other end of the turn-on resistor is connected to the second pole of the power device; the third pole of the second triode is connected to the turn-off resistor, the other end of the turn-off resistor is connected to the second pole of the power device, the drain pole of the power device is connected to the second power supply voltage, and the source pole of the power device is grounded.

10. The gate voltage adjustable driving circuit for power devices according to claim 9, wherein, The power device includes a MOSFET power device, an IGBT power device, a SiC power device, and a GaN power device.

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