Battery charging and replacing high-voltage electrical system for pure electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrical systems, in particular to a battery charging and replacing high-voltage electrical system for a pure electric vehicle, which comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack in the electrical system, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery box are connected with a first junction box through wires, the positive loop and the negative loop of the first junction box are connected with a five-in-one controller through wires, and the first junction box and the first main control box are connected with a first water cooling unit; four battery boxes are arranged in the second battery pack, the second battery pack is connected with a second main control box and a second junction box through wires, the second junction box is connected with a water-cooling high-voltage junction box, and the water-cooling high-voltage junction box is connected with two second water-cooling units through wires. The two sets of battery systems are used for supplying power to the vehicle, so that the electric quantity storage is improved, the endurance of the vehicle is prolonged, and the electric quantity supply of the vehicle during long-time operation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical system technology, specifically a high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping pure electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] The high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries is one of the key technologies for electric vehicles, involving multiple components such as batteries, charging equipment, and high-voltage power distribution systems. This system plays a crucial role in the operation and energy replenishment of electric vehicles.

[0003] However, in the current technology, when using large tractor vehicles, the tractor unit is connected to the trailer, which puts a heavy burden on it. Furthermore, due to the numerous mechanical structures distributed in the tractor unit, the space for the battery system is limited, thus restricting the storage of electricity. As a result, the range of pure electric tractor units cannot meet the needs of long-distance use, and they cannot quickly replenish large amounts of energy through refueling like traditional fuel vehicles, leading to inconvenience during transportation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping pure electric vehicles to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping pure electric vehicles includes a first battery pack and a second battery pack in the electrical system. The first battery pack contains four battery boxes, and the battery boxes are connected to a first main control box via wires. The positive and negative terminals of the battery boxes are connected to a first junction box via wires. The positive and negative circuits of the first junction box are connected to a five-in-one controller via wires. The first junction box and the first main control box are both connected to a first water-cooling unit.

[0007] The second battery pack includes four battery boxes, and the second battery pack is connected to a second main control box and a second junction box via wires. The second junction box is connected to a water-cooled high-voltage distribution box, and the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box is connected to two second water-cooled units via wires.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the low-voltage output terminal and input terminal of the battery box in the first battery pack are connected to the first main control box, the control interface of the first main control box is connected to the interface of the first junction box, and the vehicle low-voltage interface of the first main control box is connected to the first water-cooled unit.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the positive and negative terminals of the battery box of the first battery pack are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box respectively through wires. The positive terminal of the first junction box is connected to the five-in-one controller through the main circuit positive terminal after passing through a relay, and the negative terminal is connected to the interface of the five-in-one controller through the main circuit negative terminal after passing through a Hall current sensor and a relay.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, both the positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box are connected to the water-cooled high-pressure interface of the first water-cooled unit, and the vehicle low-pressure interface of the first main control box is connected to the water-cooled low-pressure interface of the first water-cooled unit.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the low-voltage input port and output port of the battery box of the second battery pack are connected to the low-voltage input and output connectors of the second main control box through wires, and the control interface of the second main control box is connected to the second junction box through wires. The vehicle low-voltage interface of the second main control box is connected to the water-cooled low-voltage port of the two second water-cooled units.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the positive and negative terminals of the battery box in the second battery pack are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box respectively via wires. The positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box via wires. The water-cooled high-voltage interfaces of the second junction box are all connected to the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box, and after passing through the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box, they are connected to the high-voltage interfaces of the two second water-cooled units.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Addressing the problems raised in the background art, this application provides battery systems in both the tractor unit and the trailer. The tractor unit's battery system consists of four H04 battery boxes totaling 282 kWh, while the trailer's battery system has eight H04 battery boxes totaling 564 kWh, or ten H04 battery boxes totaling 700 kWh. Under normal circumstances, the vehicle's power supply prioritizes the trailer's battery system for driving, and switches to the tractor unit's battery system when the battery level is low. By using two battery systems, the energy storage capacity is increased, extending the driving range and meeting the needs of large vehicles for extended use. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is the circuit diagram of the battery system of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. First battery pack; 2. First main control box; 3. First junction box; 4. Five-in-one controller; 5. First water-cooled unit; 6. Second battery pack; 7. Second main control box; 8. Second junction box; 9. Water-cooled high-voltage distribution box; 10. Second water-cooled unit. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model.

[0017] Example

[0018] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: a high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping pure electric vehicles, including a first battery pack 1 and a second battery pack 6 in the electrical system. The first battery pack 1 includes four battery boxes, and the battery boxes are connected to a first main control box 2 through wires. The positive and negative terminals of the battery boxes are connected to a first junction box 3 through wires. The positive and negative circuits of the first junction box 3 are connected to a five-in-one controller 4 through wires. The first junction box 3 and the first main control box 2 are both connected to a first water-cooling unit 5.

[0019] The second battery pack 6 includes four battery boxes, and the second battery pack 6 is connected to the second main control box 7 and the second junction box 8 via wires. The second junction box 8 is connected to the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box 9, and the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box 9 is connected to two second water-cooled units 10 via wires.

[0020] By installing battery systems on both the tractor and the trailer, and leveraging the space advantage of the trailer to accommodate more battery boxes, the two battery systems can store more electricity, thereby increasing the tractor's range and towing capacity. During operation (since the trailer is detachable and can be replaced when loading and unloading cargo), the trailer's battery system is used first for propulsion, prioritizing the power supply to the tractor. When the trailer's battery level falls below a set value, a switch in the cab allows for a one-button switch to use the tractor's battery system for propulsion (the trailer needs to retain some power to ensure power supply to other equipment and prevent equipment in the trailer from running out of power). Furthermore, the two battery systems will not be connected to the vehicle's drive system simultaneously; only one system can power the drive structure at a time during vehicle operation.

[0021] In this embodiment, all electrical components are controlled by a conventional controller.

[0022] For an example, please refer to... Figure 1The low-voltage output and input terminals of the battery box in the first battery pack 1 are connected to the first main control box 2. The control interface of the first main control box 2 is connected to the interface of the first junction box 3. The vehicle low-voltage interface of the first main control box 2 is connected to the first water-cooled unit 5. The positive and negative terminals of the battery box of the first battery pack 1 are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box 3 respectively through wires. The positive terminal of the first junction box 3 is connected to the five-in-one controller 4 through a relay and then through the main circuit positive terminal. The negative terminal is connected to the interface of the five-in-one controller 4 through a Hall current sensor and a relay and then through the main circuit negative terminal. The positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box 3 are both connected to the water-cooled high-voltage interface of the first water-cooled unit 5. The vehicle low-voltage interface of the first main control box 2 is connected to the interface of the first water-cooled unit 5. The water-cooled low-voltage interface is connected. The low-voltage input and output ports of the battery box of the second battery pack 6 are connected to the low-voltage input and output connectors of the second main control box 7 through wires. The control interface of the second main control box 7 is connected to the second junction box 8 through wires. The vehicle low-voltage interface of the second main control box 7 is connected to the water-cooled low-voltage ports of the two second water-cooled units 10. The positive and negative terminals of the battery box in the second battery pack 6 are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box 8 through wires respectively. The positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box 3 are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box 8 through wire extensions. The water-cooled high-voltage interfaces of the second junction box 8 are all connected to the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box 9, and after passing through the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box 9, they are connected to the high-voltage interfaces of the two second water-cooled units 10.

[0023] The working process of this utility model is as follows: When in use, after connecting the tractor unit to the trailer, the battery systems in both the tractor unit and the trailer are connected to the control system in the cab of the tractor unit via wires. During transportation, the battery system of the trailer is first connected to the vehicle's high-voltage controller to supply power to the rear motor drive and enable the vehicle to run. When the trailer's battery level is lower than the set value, the connection between the battery system in the tractor unit and the vehicle's high-voltage controller is switched via the control switch in the cab, and the motor is driven through the battery system in the tractor unit.

[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries in a pure electric vehicle, comprising a first battery pack (1) and a second battery pack (6) in the electrical system, characterized in that: The first battery pack (1) includes four battery boxes, and the battery boxes are connected to the first main control box (2) via wires. The positive and negative terminals of the battery boxes are connected to the first junction box (3) via wires. The positive and negative circuits of the first junction box (3) are connected to the five-in-one controller (4) via wires. The first junction box (3) and the first main control box (2) are both connected to the first water-cooled unit (5). The second battery pack (6) includes four battery boxes inside, and the second battery pack (6) is connected to the second main control box (7) and the second junction box (8) by wires. The second junction box (8) is connected to the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box (9), and the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box (9) is connected to two second water-cooled units (10) by wires.

2. The high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries for pure electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage output and input terminals of the battery box in the first battery pack (1) are connected to the first main control box (2), the control interface of the first main control box (2) is connected to the interface of the first junction box (3), and the vehicle low-voltage interface of the first main control box (2) is connected to the first water-cooled unit (5).

3. The high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries for pure electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative terminals of the battery box of the first battery pack (1) are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box (3) respectively through wires. The positive terminal of the first junction box (3) is connected to the five-in-one controller (4) through the main circuit positive terminal after passing through the relay, and the negative terminal is connected to the interface of the five-in-one controller (4) through the main circuit negative terminal after passing through the Hall current sensor and the relay.

4. The high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries for pure electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box (3) are both connected to the water-cooled high-pressure interface of the first water-cooled unit (5), and the vehicle low-pressure interface of the first main control box (2) is connected to the water-cooled low-pressure interface of the first water-cooled unit (5).

5. A high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries for pure electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-voltage input and output ports of the battery box of the second battery pack (6) are connected to the low-voltage input and output connectors of the second main control box (7) through wires, and the control interface of the second main control box (7) is connected to the second junction box (8) through wires. The vehicle low-voltage interface of the second main control box (7) is connected to the water-cooled low-voltage ports of the two second water-cooled units (10).

6. The high-voltage electrical system for charging and swapping batteries for pure electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative terminals of the battery box in the second battery pack (6) are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box (8) respectively through wires. The positive and negative interfaces of the first junction box (3) are connected to the positive and negative interfaces of the second junction box (8) through wires. The water-cooled high-voltage interfaces of the second junction box (8) are all connected to the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box (9), and after passing through the water-cooled high-voltage distribution box (9), they are connected to the high-voltage interfaces of the two second water-cooled units (10).

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