Protective structure for mining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a protective structure for mining, which relates to the technical field of mining, and comprises a sealed blast-avoiding shed, a high-pressure oxygen bottle is arranged in the sealed blast-avoiding shed, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the sealed blast-avoiding shed, an elastic sleeve with an open upper end and a closed lower end is mounted in an inner cavity of the exhaust pipe, and the upper end of the elastic sleeve is provided with an air inlet. The inner wall of the lower portion of the elastic sleeve is tightly attached to form sealing through elasticity of the elastic sleeve, and the self-constant-pressure unit is used for automatically keeping constant air pressure and adding oxygen into the sealed blast-avoiding shed. The protection part is provided with the self-constant-pressure unit, constant air pressure is kept, the greenhouse is filled with oxygen, and the situation that people in the greenhouse feel uncomfortable due to the fact that oxygen in the greenhouse is too little can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a protective structure for mining operations. Background Technology

[0002] The basic principle of open-pit blasting is to use the explosive energy of explosives to break rocks or other materials to achieve the predetermined engineering purpose. During the blasting process, the explosives detonate in the blast hole, generating a powerful blast wave that breaks the ore or rock off the ore body or rock mass, forming a blast pile. The ore or rock in the blast pile is then transported out of the open-pit mine by the excavation and loading process.

[0003] During open-pit mine blasting, protective shelters are needed to ensure personnel safety. These shelters are safety features used in open-pit mine blasting operations to protect workers from dangerous elements such as flying rocks and blast fragments. In the mining process, the shock waves and flying rocks generated by blasting operations can cause serious injury to miners, even endangering their lives. Therefore, constructing shelters is a crucial safety measure.

[0004] Existing explosion shelters are typically sealed to prevent dust from entering during explosions. They are equipped with high-pressure oxygen cylinders to supply oxygen. However, when supplying oxygen, the internal pressure decreases as oxygen flows out with a constant valve opening, causing the flow rate to fluctuate continuously. This makes it impossible to maintain a constant oxygen level, which can easily lead to insufficient oxygen in the internal space and discomfort for the personnel inside. Therefore, this application provides a protective structure for mine operations to meet this requirement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a protective structure for mining operations to solve the technical problem that high-pressure oxygen cylinders in the prior art cannot achieve constant oxygen discharge.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a protective structure for mining operations, including a sealed blast shelter, wherein the sealed blast shelter contains a high-pressure oxygen cylinder, an exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter, and an elastic sleeve with an open upper end and a closed lower end is installed in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe. The lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve forms a seal by its own elasticity. The structure also includes a self-constant pressure unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen to the sealed blast shelter.

[0007] The self-constant pressure unit includes a hollow constant pressure column with an open top and a weight that is sealed and slidably disposed inside the constant pressure column.

[0008] The constant pressure column has an exhaust pipe on its outer wall and a first valve installed on the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is equipped with multiple sets of air outlets, and a filter screen is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the constant pressure column.

[0009] The outer wall of the weight is covered with an elastic layer. A first rubber wheel and a second rubber wheel are rotatably mounted on the mounting rod at the bottom of the weight. The two ends of the second rubber wheel abut against the inner wall of the constant pressure column and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel, respectively. A winding wheel is coaxially mounted with the first rubber wheel. The winding wheel is connected to an impact column through a first pull rope. An L-shaped rod is fixed on the mounting rod, and a T-shaped rod is fixed on the L-shaped rod. The T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod is slidably disposed in a T-shaped groove adapted to the impact column.

[0010] A positioning rod is slidably provided on the mounting rod, and the right end of the positioning rod is inserted into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column. A guide slope is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod. A third rubber wheel is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod, which rolls against the inner wall of the constant pressure column. A retaining ring is fixedly sleeved on the positioning rod, and the retaining ring is connected to the mounting rod by a connecting spring.

[0011] An air inlet pipe is fixed on the inner wall of the constant pressure column, and a second valve with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe. The adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column, and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight through a second pull rope.

[0012] The constant pressure column also has an inner groove in its inner cavity. The inner groove is located on the movement path of the second rubber wheel and above the second valve.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it also includes an exhaust flow self-adjusting unit, which automatically adjusts the oxygen emission flow based on the weight of personnel entering the sealed bomb shelter.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the flow self-regulating unit includes a support plate with four sets of linear springs at the bottom. The support plate is connected to the bottom of the sealed fireproof canopy via a telescopic tube. A toothed plate is fixed to the upper end of the support plate, and the toothed plate meshes with a gear installed at the end of the regulating shaft of the first valve.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a partition is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed fire shed, the high-pressure oxygen cylinder and the constant pressure column are located on the left side of the partition, and the bearing plate is located on the right side of the partition.

[0016] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] This utility model has a reasonable structure. The protective component is equipped with a self-constant pressure unit to maintain a constant air pressure and fill the shed with oxygen, which can effectively prevent the discomfort caused by insufficient oxygen inside the shed.

[0018] This invention includes an exhaust flow self-adjusting unit that can automatically adjust the oxygen emission based on the body weight, requiring no manual operation and offering convenience and speed. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Mid-side view and enlarged structural schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the constant pressure column;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Sealed blast shelter; 2. Constant pressure column; 3. High-pressure oxygen cylinder; 4. Air outlet; 5. First valve; 6. Gear; 7. Bearing plate; 8. Telescopic tube; 9. Linear spring; 10. Weight; 11. Second pull rope; 12. Mounting rod; 13. First rubber wheel; 14. Second rubber wheel; 15. Winding reel; 16. First pull rope; 17. Impact column; 18. Winding reel; 19. T-shaped rod; 20. Partition plate; 21. Inner groove; 22. Elastic sleeve; 23. Positioning rod; 24. Retaining ring; 25. Connecting spring; 26. Third rubber wheel; 27. Air inlet pipe; 28. Second valve; 29. ​​Toothed plate; 30. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example: Reference Figure 1-5 The protective structure for mining operations shown includes a sealed blast shelter 1, which contains a high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3. An exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter 1, and an elastic sleeve 22 with an open upper end and a closed lower end is installed in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe. The lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve 22 forms a seal by its own elasticity. The structure is characterized by including a self-constant pressure unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen to the sealed blast shelter 1.

[0028] The constant pressure unit includes a hollow constant pressure column 2 with an open top and a weight 10 that is sealed and slidably disposed inside the constant pressure column 2.

[0029] The outer wall of the constant pressure column 2 is provided with an exhaust pipe, and a first valve 5 is installed on the exhaust pipe. Multiple sets of air outlets 4 are provided on the exhaust pipe, and a filter screen 30 is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2.

[0030] The outer wall of the weight 10 is covered with an elastic layer. A first rubber wheel 13 and a second rubber wheel 14 are rotatably mounted on the mounting rod 12 at the bottom of the weight 10. The two ends of the second rubber wheel 14 abut against the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel 13, respectively. A winding wheel 15 is coaxially mounted with the first rubber wheel 13. The winding wheel 15 is connected to the impact column 17 through the first pull rope 16. An L-shaped rod 18 is fixed on the mounting rod 12, and a T-shaped rod 19 is fixed on the L-shaped rod 18. The T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod 19 is slidably set in the T-shaped groove adapted to the impact column 17.

[0031] A positioning rod 23 is slidably provided on the mounting rod 12, and the right end of the positioning rod 23 is inserted into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column 17. A guide slope is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod 23. A third rubber wheel 26 is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod 23, which rolls against the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2. A retaining ring 24 is fixedly sleeved on the positioning rod 23, and the retaining ring 24 is connected to the mounting rod 12 by a connecting spring 25.

[0032] An air inlet pipe 27 is fixed on the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2, and a second valve 28 with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe 27. The adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column 17, and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight 10 through the second pull rope 11.

[0033] The inner cavity of the constant pressure column 2 is also provided with an inner groove 21, which is located on the movement path of the second rubber wheel 14 and above the second valve 28.

[0034] During use, personnel inside the shed can adjust the opening and closing degree through the first valve 5. After adjustment, oxygen will be sprayed out from the gas outlet 4 at a constant speed. As the amount of gas in the constant pressure column 2 decreases, the internal air pressure decreases, and the weight 10 will overcome the friction between itself and the constant pressure column 2 and move downward, always maintaining stability within the constant pressure column 2. As the weight 10 moves downward, the insertion of the positioning rod 23 into the impact column 17 restricts the downward movement of the impact column 17. At the same time, the sliding of the T-shaped rod 19 into the impact column 17 restricts the upward movement of the impact column 17. Ultimately, the second rubber wheel 15 slides downward relative to the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 (at this time, the second rubber wheel 15 does not rotate). When both the second rubber wheel 15 and the third rubber wheel 26 have moved into the inner groove 21, the positioning rod 23 moves to the left by the elastic force of the connecting spring 25, and releases the insertion and positioning of the positioning rod 23 into the impact column 17. At the same time, the second rubber wheel 15 separates from the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2, and the impact column 17 moves downward under its own weight. The weight 10 moves upward and eventually collides with the adjusting handle, causing the gas in the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 to enter the constant pressure column 2. As the gas enters, the internal pressure of the constant pressure column 2 increases, causing the weight 10 to move upward and maintaining stable internal pressure. When the weight 10 rises, the upward-moving second rubber wheel 14 will disengage from the inside of the constant pressure column 2 and rewind the first pull rope 16. The impact column 17 moves upward. During the rewinding process, the third rubber wheel 26 will also contact the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2. After the third rubber wheel 26 is squeezed, it will cause the positioning rod 23 to move to the left. When the impact column 17 moves vertically upward, its upper end will contact the guide slope of the positioning rod 23 and finally complete the insertion and positioning of the positioning rod 23 and the impact column 17. After that, the second rubber wheel 15 slides upward relative to the inner wall of the constant pressure column 2 (i.e., does not rotate). When the weight 10 rises to the highest height, during this process, the second pull rope 11 will be straightened and drive the adjusting handle to return to its original position. At this time, the high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 no longer rushes oxygen into the constant pressure column 2.

[0035] When the device is working normally, air is discharged through the air outlet 4. When the internal air pressure increases, the gas will expand the elastic sleeve 22 and be discharged (most of which is carbon dioxide exhaled by the human body).

[0036] It should be noted that the filter screen 30 is designed to filter dust and allow the upper part of the weight 10 inside the constant pressure column 2 to communicate with the outside. This prevents dust from accumulating on the weight 10 and causing its weight to increase, thus avoiding changes in the air pressure in the air storage chamber of the constant pressure column 2.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, it also includes an exhaust flow self-adjusting unit, which automatically adjusts the oxygen exhaust flow based on the weight of personnel entering the sealed fire shelter 1.

[0038] It automatically adjusts the oxygen output according to the body weight, requiring no manual operation, making it convenient and quick.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the flow self-regulating unit includes a support plate 7 with four sets of linear springs 9 at the bottom. The support plate 7 is connected to the bottom of the sealed fireproof canopy 1 through a telescopic tube 8. A toothed plate 29 is fixed at the upper end of the support plate 7, and the toothed plate 29 is meshed with a gear 6 installed at the end of the regulating shaft of the first valve 5.

[0040] When the weight of a person acts on the support plate 7, its linear spring 9 will move downward and drive the gear 6 to rotate through the toothed plate 29, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of oxygen emission according to the weight of the person. When there is no person supporting it, its first valve 5 is in the closed state.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of this example, Figure 2 As shown, a partition 20 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the sealed fire shed 1, a high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3 and a constant pressure column 2 are provided on the left side of the partition 20, and a bearing plate 7 is provided on the right side of the partition 20.

[0042] The high-pressure oxygen cylinder 3, the constant pressure column 2, and the support plate 7 are separated by partition 20, so that the components are distributed reasonably.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A protective structure for mining operations, comprising a sealed blast shelter (1), wherein the sealed blast shelter (1) contains a high-pressure oxygen cylinder (3), and an exhaust pipe is provided on the outer wall of the sealed blast shelter (1), and an elastic sleeve (22) with an open upper end and a closed lower end is installed in the inner cavity of the exhaust pipe, wherein the lower inner wall of the elastic sleeve (22) forms a seal by its own elasticity, characterized in that: It also includes a self-pressure-regulating unit for automatically maintaining a constant air pressure and adding oxygen into the sealed fire shelter (1); The self-constant pressure unit includes a hollow constant pressure column (2) with an open top and a weight (10) that is sealed and slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the constant pressure column (2). The constant pressure column (2) is provided with an exhaust pipe on its outer wall and a first valve (5) is installed on the exhaust pipe. Multiple sets of air outlets (4) are provided on the exhaust pipe. A filter screen (30) is installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2). The outer wall of the weight (10) is wrapped with an elastic layer. A first rubber wheel (13) and a second rubber wheel (14) are rotatably mounted on the mounting rod (12) at the bottom of the weight (10). The two ends of the second rubber wheel (14) abut against the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2) and the outer wall of the first rubber wheel (13), respectively. A winding wheel (15) is coaxially mounted with the first rubber wheel (13). The winding wheel (15) is connected to the impact column (17) through a first pull rope (16). An L-shaped rod (18) is fixed on the mounting rod (12), and a T-shaped rod (19) is fixed on the L-shaped rod (18). The T-shaped head of the T-shaped rod (19) is slidably disposed in the T-shaped groove adapted to the impact column (17). A positioning rod (23) is slidably provided on the mounting rod (12), and the right end of the positioning rod (23) is inserted into a positioning hole provided on the outer wall of the impact column (17). A guide slope is provided at the lower part of the right end of the positioning rod (23). A third rubber wheel (26) is rotatably provided on the left end of the positioning rod (23) and rolls against the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2). A retaining ring (24) is fixedly sleeved on the positioning rod (23), and the retaining ring (24) is connected to the mounting rod (12) by a connecting spring (25). An air inlet pipe (27) is fixed on the inner wall of the constant pressure column (2), and a second valve (28) with an adjustment handle is installed on the air inlet pipe (27). The adjustment handle is located directly below the impact column (17), and the outer end of the adjustment handle is connected to the lower end of the weight (10) through a second pull rope (11). The inner cavity of the constant pressure column (2) is also provided with an inner groove (21), which is located on the movement path of the second rubber wheel (14) and above the second valve (28).

2. The protective structure for mining operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust flow self-regulating unit that automatically adjusts the oxygen exhaust flow based on the weight of personnel entering the sealed fire shelter (1).

3. A protective structure for mining operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust flow self-adjusting unit includes a support plate (7) with four sets of linear springs (9) at the bottom. The support plate (7) is connected to the bottom of the sealed fire shed (1) through a telescopic tube (8). A toothed plate (29) is fixed at the upper end of the support plate (7), and the toothed plate (29) meshes with a gear (6) installed at the end of the adjusting shaft of the first valve (5).

4. A protective structure for mining operations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealed fire shed (1) has a partition (20) at the bottom of its inner cavity. The high-pressure oxygen cylinder (3) and the constant pressure column (2) are located on the left side of the partition (20), and the bearing plate (7) is located on the right side of the partition (20).

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