Marking device for hydraulic tunnel surrounding rock over-break and under-break detection

Abstract

The utility model relates to a marking device for hydraulic tunnel surrounding rock back break detection. The marking device for hydraulic tunnel surrounding rock over-excavation and under-excavation detection comprises a suction cup; the connecting block is arranged at one end of the ball head of the sucker; the marking plate is magnetically connected to one end of the connecting block away from the sucker; wherein the suction cup exhausts internal air to enable the internal air pressure to be lower than the external atmospheric pressure, so that the adsorption end of the suction cup is attached to the detection surface. Through the adsorption effect of the suction cup and the magnetic attraction effect of the connecting block and the marking plate, the marking plate is fixed to the detection face of hard rock, concrete and other materials, nail fixing and glue adhesion are not needed, and mounting and dismounting of the marking plate in the hydraulic tunnel back break inspection process are facilitated. The marking device is simple in structure, rapid mounting and dismounting of the marking plate and repeated use of the marking plate can be achieved, and waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydraulic tunnel construction and inspection technology, and in particular to a marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Over-excavation and under-excavation detection in hydraulic tunnels involves measuring and inspecting the differences between the actual surrounding rock and the designed profile after tunnel excavation. Its purpose is to: ensure project quality, avoiding lining problems caused by over-excavation and substandard cross-sections caused by under-excavation; control project costs, reducing unnecessary backfilling and secondary excavation expenses; and ensure construction safety, preventing over-excavation from damaging the surrounding rock stability and under-excavation from causing operational hazards. The detection includes the area, depth, and extent of over-excavation, and the area, depth, and location of under-excavation.

[0003] In the detection of over- and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels, machine vision and photogrammetry technologies are increasingly widely used. These technologies typically compare a 3D reconstruction model of the tunnel wall surrounding rock after excavation with a 3D reconstruction model of the design outline to calculate the over- and under-excavation results. Among these, the spatial coordinate information of the 3D reconstruction model is crucial, and coordinate measurement methods based on marker boards are a common means of providing the coordinates of marker points in the 3D reconstruction model.

[0004] Traditional marking boards are usually fixed to the detection surface with nails or strong adhesive. This method of fixing makes disassembly difficult, resulting in the marking boards not being reusable and thus causing waste. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address or partially address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application employs the following technical solution:

[0007] A marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels, the marking device comprising:

[0008] Suction cup;

[0009] A connecting block is located at one end of the ball head of the suction cup;

[0010] The marking plate is magnetically attached to the end of the connecting block furthest from the suction cup.

[0011] The suction cup works by expelling internal air to lower its internal air pressure than the external atmospheric pressure, thus allowing the suction end of the suction cup to adhere to the detection surface.

[0012] Optionally, a magnetic plate is connected to one end face of the marking plate by screws, and the marking plate is magnetically connected to the connecting block through the magnetic plate.

[0013] Optionally, the ball end of the suction cup is provided with a groove, and the connecting block is embedded in the groove and fixedly connected to it;

[0014] The height of the connecting block is greater than the depth of the groove.

[0015] Optionally, a vacuum sealing plug is embedded in the ball head of the suction cup, the vacuum sealing plug including a push rod and an annular rubber plug.

[0016] Optionally, an annular fluorescent strip is adhered to the outer surface of the suction end of the suction cup.

[0017] Optionally, the marking plate is a rectangular metal plate with a length of 150mm, a width of 110mm, and a thickness of 2mm.

[0018] Optionally, the suction cup has a diameter ranging from 80mm to 100mm and a height ranging from 50mm to 60mm.

[0019] Optionally, the suction cup is a rubber suction cup.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application utilizes the adsorption of suction cups and the magnetic attraction of connecting blocks and marking plates to fix the marking plates to the inspection surfaces of hard materials such as rock and concrete, eliminating the need for nails and glue. This facilitates the installation and removal of marking plates during the inspection of over-excavation and under-excavation in hydraulic tunnels. The application has a simple structure, enabling rapid installation and removal of marking plates and their reuse, thus avoiding waste.

[0021] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the marking device shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the marking device shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view of the suction cup shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the sealing device shown in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 5This is a front view of the marking device shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] Attached reference numerals: 1. Suction cup, 2. Connecting block, 3. Marking plate, 4. Screw, 5. Magnetic plate, 6. Groove, 7. Top rod, 8. Annular rubber plug, 9. Annular fluorescent strip. Detailed Implementation

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application as appropriate to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0034] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

[0035] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the preferred embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] See Figure 1 A marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels, the marking device comprising:

[0039] Suction cup 1;

[0040] Connecting block 2 is located at one end of the ball head of suction cup 1;

[0041] Marker plate 3 is magnetically connected to the end of connecting block 2 away from suction cup 1;

[0042] The suction cup 1 removes internal air to lower its internal air pressure than the external atmospheric pressure, thereby allowing the suction end of the suction cup 1 to adhere to the detection surface.

[0043] Specifically, suction cup 1 is bonded and fixed to connecting block 2. The surface area of ​​connecting block 2 is smaller than the surface area of ​​marking plate 3. Marking plate 3 is magnetically connected to connecting block 2 for easy installation and removal. In use, an air pump is used to expel air from inside suction cup 1, making the external atmospheric pressure higher than the internal air pressure of suction cup 1. This atmospheric pressure causes suction cup 1 to adhere tightly to the detection surface. Then, marking plate 3 is fixed to suction cup 1 via connecting block 2, thus completing the installation of marking plate 3. When marking plate 3 needs to be removed, first separate marking plate 3 from connecting block 2 and remove it, then deflate suction cup 1, and finally remove suction cup 1.

[0044] This application utilizes the adsorption of the suction cup 1 and the magnetic attraction of the connecting block 2 and the marking plate 3 to fix the marking plate 3 to the inspection surface of hard materials such as rock and concrete, eliminating the need for nails and glue. This facilitates the installation and removal of the marking plate 3 during the inspection of over-excavation and under-excavation in hydraulic tunnels. The application features a simple structure, enabling rapid installation and removal of the marking plate 3, as well as its reuse, thus avoiding waste.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] See Figure 2 Based on Embodiment 1, optionally, a magnetic plate 5 is connected to one end face of the marking plate 3 by a screw 4, and the marking plate 3 is magnetically connected to the connecting block 2 through the magnetic plate 5.

[0047] Specifically, the magnetic plate 5 is 80mm long and wide. Screw holes for the screws 4 are provided at the four corners of the magnetic plate 5. Corresponding screw holes for the marking plate 3 are also provided on the marking plate 3. The marking plate 3 and the magnetic plate 5 are connected by screwing in the screws 4. This screw connection facilitates the installation and removal of the magnetic plate 5. Optionally, the screws 4 are Phillips head screws.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 Optionally, the ball end of the suction cup 1 is provided with a groove 6, and the connecting block 2 is embedded in the groove 6 and fixedly connected to it;

[0049] The height of connecting block 2 is greater than the depth of groove 6.

[0050] Specifically, the groove 6 is sealed to the ball end of the suction cup 1, the connecting block 2 is fixed in the groove 6, and the height of the connecting block 2 is greater than the depth of the groove 6, so that part of the connecting block 2 can extend out of the groove 6 and magnetically connect with the magnetic plate 5.

[0051] Optionally, a vacuum sealing plug is embedded in the ball head of the suction cup 1, and the vacuum sealing plug includes a top rod 7 and an annular rubber plug 8.

[0052] Specifically, the push rod 7 allows for air release, and the annular rubber stopper 8 prevents gas leakage. To remove the suction cup 1, a vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum sealing plug. By lifting the push rod 7, the suction cup 1 can be removed by releasing the air. It should be noted that the vacuum sealing plug is a conventional technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] See Figure 1 Optionally, an annular fluorescent strip 9 is adhered to the outer surface of the adsorption end of the suction cup 1.

[0054] Specifically, the annular fluorescent strip 9 can emit light autonomously or reflect ambient light when there is insufficient light, helping operators to quickly locate the position of the suction cup 1, which is especially suitable for nighttime operations, underground spaces, or scenarios with limited light.

[0055] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 Optionally, the marking plate 3 is a rectangular metal plate with a length of 150mm, a width of 110mm, and a thickness of 2mm.

[0056] Specifically, metal plates are used to ensure structural strength and extend service life. The specifications of marking plate 3 can be selected according to the actual working environment to make it more suitable for the detection area.

[0057] Optionally, the suction cup 1 has a diameter ranging from 80mm to 100mm and a height ranging from 50mm to 60mm.

[0058] Specifically, suction cup 1 uses vacuum to create negative pressure to adsorb objects. When the internal vacuum increases, the external atmospheric pressure will squeeze the rubber material, causing it to dent towards the adsorption surface, resulting in a reduction in diameter and height; if the vacuum decreases (e.g., due to air leakage), suction cup 1 will regain its elasticity, and its diameter and height will increase.

[0059] Optionally, the suction cup 1 is a rubber suction cup.

[0060] Specifically, regardless of whether the surface is flat and smooth or slightly uneven or irregular, the rubber suction cup can adapt by its own deformation to achieve a good adsorption effect. The high elasticity of the rubber material allows the suction cup 1 to withstand a certain degree of stretching, compression and twisting without damage during adsorption and release, which can adapt to different operating needs and working environments. It can maintain good performance even with frequent use and extend its service life. The rubber suction cup has good wear resistance. Even during repeated adsorption, movement and friction with the surface of the object, it is not easy to wear or break, which can maintain stable adsorption function, reduce replacement frequency and save costs.

[0061] It should be noted that the structures and / or installation methods not detailed in this application are those that can be known by those skilled in the art in combination with common knowledge and / or prior art, and are not the focus of this application, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this application; the dimensions of the drawings are not related to the specific physical object, and the physical object dimensions can be arbitrarily changed.

Claims

1. A marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels, characterized in that, The marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels includes: Suction cup (1); Connecting block (2) is located at one end of the ball head of suction cup (1); The marking plate (3) is magnetically connected to the end of the connecting block (2) away from the suction cup (1); The suction cup (1) removes internal air to make its internal air pressure lower than the external atmospheric pressure, thereby allowing the suction end of the suction cup (1) to adhere to the detection surface.

2. The marking device for detecting over-excavation and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A magnetic plate (5) is connected to one end face of the marking plate (3) by a screw (4), and the marking plate (3) is magnetically connected to the connecting block (2) through the magnetic plate (5).

3. The marking device for detecting over-excavation and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The suction cup (1) has a groove (6) at one end of the ball head, and the connecting block (2) is embedded in the groove (6) and fixedly connected to it; The height of the connecting block (2) is greater than the depth of the groove (6).

4. The marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The suction cup (1) has a vacuum sealing plug embedded in its ball head. The vacuum sealing plug includes a top rod (7) and an annular rubber plug (8).

5. The marking device for detecting over-excavation and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A ring-shaped fluorescent band (9) is adhered to the outer surface of the adsorption end of the suction cup (1).

6. The marking device for detecting over- or under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The marking plate (3) is a rectangular metal plate with a length of 150mm, a width of 110mm, and a thickness of 2mm.

7. The marking device for detecting over-excavation and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The suction cup (1) has a diameter range of 80mm to 100mm and a height range of 50mm to 60mm.

8. The marking device for detecting over-excavation and under-excavation of surrounding rock in hydraulic tunnels as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The suction cup (1) is a rubber suction cup.

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