Variable-amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead and cantilever heading machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a variable-amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead and a cantilever heading machine, and solves the problems of insufficient rock breaking capability and serious abrasion of the cutting cutterhead when the cantilever heading machine is used for coping with rocks with different hardness in the prior art. The variable-amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead comprises a cutter box and a driving piece arranged in the cutter box, a driving disc connected with the driving piece is arranged in the cutter box, a cutter shaft with an adjustable eccentric distance is arranged on the driving disc, and a cutting knife is detachably arranged on the cutter shaft; the swing amplitude of the cutting knife is adjusted by changing the eccentric distance of the knife shaft relative to the driving disc. According to the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead disclosed by the utility model, the eccentric distance can be conveniently adjusted so as to cope with broken rocks with different rock strengths; if the rock strength is high, the vibration amplitude and the vibration frequency are improved by increasing the eccentric distance and the rotating speed, and the rock breaking efficiency is improved; if the rock strength is low, the eccentric distance and the rotating speed are reduced, and the cutter abrasion rate is reduced to a certain extent; the hard rock roadway construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tunnel construction technical field, especially point to a kind of heading machine and cutting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the method commonly used in tunnel and roadway construction in China is generally divided into drilling and blasting method and mechanical method, the commonly used mechanical method includes TBM method and fully mechanized excavation method, TBM method has high rock breaking efficiency and high safety, and has become the main method for rapid excavation of coal mine roadway, but TBM method has limitations for short length, small turning radius and irregular section roadway. The fully mechanized excavation method mainly uses cantilever heading machine to excavate coal mine roadway, and the cantilever heading machine has high flexibility, high degree of mechanization and the advantages of excavating irregular section, and is widely used in deep coal mine roadway excavation in recent years. The existing cantilever heading machine, such as the cantilever heading machine disclosed in publication No. CN 116163757 A, is prone to damage the cutting head when the rock strength exceeds 69Mpa in hard rock roadway construction, which frequently replaces the cutting head and affects the excavation efficiency, and is difficult to meet the engineering needs.

[0003] There is also a device for breaking rock by suspension cutting in the prior art, and the traditional suspension cutting method for breaking rock utilizes the characteristics that the compressive strength of rock is large and the tensile strength is small, the disc cutter is laterally cut into rock by swinging an angle, the cutter is eccentrically vibrated by connecting motor with eccentric shaft, and the rock is cut; however, the rock strength of coal mine roadway is not fixed, in order to reduce the wear of cutter and improve the rock breaking efficiency, the vibration frequency needs to be adjustable, and most of the suspension cutting rock structures can only realize the vibration frequency condition by adding different size eccentric blocks, which is complicated to disassemble and assemble and has poor convenience. Therefore, it is necessary to design a variable amplitude frequency modulation swinging hard rock cutting device and heading equipment to cope with different rock strengths. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above background art, the utility model provides a variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter and cantilever heading machine, which solves the problems of insufficient rock breaking capacity of cutting cutter and serious wear of cutting cutter when cantilever heading machine in the prior art copes with different hardness rocks.

[0005] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter, which comprises a cutter box and a driving member arranged in the cutter box, a driving disc connected with the driving member is arranged in the cutter box, an eccentric distance adjustable cutter shaft is arranged on the driving disc, and a cutting tool is detachably arranged on the cutter shaft; the eccentric distance of the cutter shaft relative to the driving disc is adjusted to adjust the swinging amplitude of the cutting tool. The driving member drives the cutter shaft and the cutting tool to rotate through the driving disc, the cutter shaft is eccentrically rotated to form suspension cutting rock. By adjusting the eccentric distance, different strength rocks can be broken, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the tool wear is reduced.

[0006] Further preferably, the driving disc comprises a driving disc and a connecting disc coaxially fixedly arranged; the driving member is a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the shaft part of the driving disc through a shaft coupling, and the cutter shaft is connected with the connecting disc through the eccentric adjusting mechanism. By adjusting the rotating speed of the motor, the size of the rotating speed is changed to realize the change of the vibration frequency of the cutter disc; and the high-efficiency rock breaking on different strength rocks is realized.

[0007] Further preferably, the eccentric adjusting mechanism comprises a pressure disc matched with the cutter shaft and a plurality of connecting holes arranged on the connecting disc, the connecting holes are respectively located on different eccentric circles, a plurality of connecting bolts are arranged on the pressure disc, and the connecting bolts are threadedly matched with the connecting holes to fix the pressure disc and the cutter shaft on the connecting disc.

[0008] Further preferably, the connecting disc is fixedly connected with the driving disc through reinforcing bolts, bearings are arranged between the connecting disc and the cutter box, and bearing cover plates corresponding to the bearings are arranged on the cutter box.

[0009] Further preferably, the cutting knife comprises a connecting cutter barrel and a cutter, the connecting cutter barrel is fixedly connected with the cutter shaft, and the cutter is fixed on the connecting cutter barrel; the cutter is a suspended cutter or a pick-shaped tooth cutter.

[0010] Further preferably, the cutter box is further provided with a cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism corresponding to the cutting knife. As a preferred solution, the cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism comprises a protection box, a profile scanning sensor for monitoring the wear of the cutting knife is arranged in the protection box, a moving seat is connected with the protection box through a support base at the bottom of the protection box, a roller is arranged in the moving seat, and the roller is matched with an annular guide rail arranged on the cutter box.

[0011] A cantilevered tunneling machine comprises a movable vehicle body and the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc, and the movable vehicle body is provided with at least one cantilever, and the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc is arranged on the cantilever.

[0012] Further preferably, the cantilever is hinged on the movable vehicle body and connected with the movable vehicle body through a swing oil cylinder and a tilt oil cylinder, and the front end part of the cantilever is provided with an adjusting platform, and the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc is arranged on the adjusting platform.

[0013] Further preferably, the adjusting platform comprises a fixed platform fixedly connected with the cantilever and a swing platform connected with the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc, and a plurality of swing oil cylinders are arranged between the fixed platform and the swing platform. By the extension and retraction cooperation of the swing oil cylinders, the purpose of adjusting the excavation posture of the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc is achieved.

[0014] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect is: the utility model variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter head can realize the eccentricity of convenient adjustment to respond to the rock breaking of different rock strength, if rock strength is high, through increasing eccentricity and rotating speed, improve the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency, improve the rock breaking efficiency, if rock strength is low, reduce eccentricity and rotating speed, reduce the cutter wear rate to a certain extent, through the above -mentioned design solved the cutting device in the coal mine hard rock roadway cutting cutter head rock breaking capacity, wear seriously, frequent change sword etc. Difficult problem, improve the hard rock roadway construction efficiency, reduce construction cost. In addition, the cutter head still has portable cutter wear monitoring system, full -coverage monitoring cutter wear, provides strong guarantee for the overall control cutter wear condition.

[0015] The hard rock cutting cutter head is integrated in the boom heading machine, the boom of the boom heading machine and the adjusting table are used, the cutter head rock entering angle is changed by adjusting the swing oil cylinder, a rock breaking free face is provided for the cutter, the fast cutting of the hard rock stratum rock is realized, the rock entering angle of the cutter head is suitable for different hardness rock layers, the rotation of the cutter head + vibration + oblique cutting rock breaking are realized, the rock breaking efficiency is effectively increased, and the cutter wear rate and construction cost are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the utility model variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter head.

[0018] Figure 2 It is the cutter wear monitoring mechanism schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is the boom heading machine schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the boom heading machine working principle diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, and obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creating creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0022] AsFigure 1 As shown in the embodiment 1, the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter head comprises a cutter box 105 and a driving member 106 arranged in the cutter box 105, the driving member provides power for the rotation of the cutter. The driving disc is coaxially arranged with the circular cutter box. The driving disc is provided with a cutter shaft 102 with adjustable eccentricity, the distance between the central axis of the cutter shaft and the central axis of the driving disc is L, then L>0, forming an eccentric structure. The cutter shaft 102 is detachably provided with a cutting tool 101; the amplitude of the cutting tool 101 is adjusted by changing the eccentricity of the cutter shaft 102 relative to the driving disc; the cutter shaft 102 and the cutting tool 101 extend out of the cutter box and rotate eccentrically under the action of the driving member; the cutter shaft with the cutting tool rotates eccentrically to suspend and excavate hard rock. In this embodiment, the driving disc comprises a driving disc 108 and a connecting disc 109 which are coaxially fixed; the driving member 106 is a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the shaft part of the driving disc 108 through a shaft coupling 107; at the same time, the driving disc drives the connecting disc and the cutter shaft thereon to rotate, providing power for the suspended cutting and rock breaking of the cutting tool.

[0023] In this embodiment, the cutter shaft 102 is connected to the connecting disc 109 through an eccentric adjustment mechanism. The eccentricity of the cutter shaft is adjusted through the eccentric adjustment mechanism, which can quickly adjust the eccentricity to adapt to different rock strengths and solve the problem of unadjustable eccentricity, reduce the wear rate of the cutter head and improve the construction efficiency. Specifically, the eccentric adjustment mechanism comprises a pressure plate 112 matched with the cutter shaft 102 and a plurality of connecting holes arranged on the connecting disc 109, the connecting holes are respectively located on different eccentric circles. The pressure plate is fixedly connected with the cutter shaft or the pressure plate is press-fitted with the bottom of the cutter shaft, which can ensure the stable connection of the cutter shaft and the connecting disc. In this embodiment, a plurality of connecting bolts 103 are arranged on the pressure plate 112, the connecting bolts 103 are threadedly matched with the connecting holes to fix the pressure plate 112 and the cutter shaft 102 on the connecting disc 109. It should be noted that the circle where the connecting bolt is located has the same diameter as the circle where the above-mentioned eccentric circle is located, which ensures that the bolt is matched with the connecting hole on the different eccentric circles to realize the adjustment of the eccentricity of the cutter shaft; the change of the eccentricity realizes the change of the amplitude of the cutter head; and the vibration frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the motor, when the motor is at high speed, the eccentric shaft rotates at high speed, the cutter head rotates eccentrically at high speed to cut rock, realizing vibration impact + rotation rock breaking and improving the rock breaking efficiency.

[0024] The embodiment 2 is a variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutter head, which is further preferred based on the embodiment 1. In the embodiment, the connecting disc 109 is fixedly connected with the driving disc 108 through the reinforcing bolt 110, and the transmission efficiency of driving power and torque is improved. The bearing 104 is arranged between the connecting disc 109 and the cutter box 105, so as to prevent the connecting disc 109 from rotating and driving the cutter head to rotate. The bearing cover plate 111 corresponding to the bearing 104 is arranged on the cutter box 105, which protects the bearing and prevents sundries from entering the cutter box during rock breaking.

[0025] In the embodiment, the cutting cutter 101 includes the connecting cutter barrel 114 and the cutter 113. The connecting cutter barrel 114 is fixedly connected with the cutter shaft 102, and can be connected with the cutter shaft in the form of bolt connection or welding. The cutter 113 is fixed on the connecting cutter barrel 114, and can be fixed with the connecting cutter barrel in the form of bolt connection, which is convenient for replacing the cutter. The cutter 113 is a suspended cutter or a pick-shaped tooth cutter. The form of the cutter can be selected according to the hardness of the rock stratum. Specifically, when the surrounding rock strength is greater than 40 Mpa, the suspended cutter or the pick-shaped tooth cutter is used to cut the rock. Since the rock strength is low, the pick-shaped tooth cutter is used to excavate the rock first. When the pick-shaped tooth cutter is seriously worn, the suspended cutter is switched to break the rock and reduce the eccentricity, so that the tunnel can be excavated for a long distance without stopping. When the rock strength is 40-100 Mpa, the pick-shaped tooth pre-splitting + suspended cutter breaking method is used for excavation. The rock strength is medium. First, the rotation speed and the feed speed of the pick-shaped tooth cutter on the tunnel face are adjusted. The rock stratum surface is rapidly pre-split by reducing the rock breaking parameters. The eccentricity of the suspended cutter is adjusted to cut the tunnel face in a ring and then break the rock in the middle position. For the case that the rock strength is moderate, this rock breaking method can rapidly break the tunnel face and reduce the wear of the cutter head of the cutter head. When the rock strength is greater than 100 Mpa, the pick-shaped tooth cutter full-stroke drilling + suspended cutter breaking method is used for excavation. First, the pick-shaped tooth is used to drill the middle position of the tunnel face in full stroke to form multiple free surfaces, so as to prepare for efficient rock breaking of the suspended cutter. The eccentricity of the suspended cutter is adjusted to the maximum to perform vibration oblique cutting on the free surface, so as to realize efficient excavation of the tunnel face. In addition, the suspended cutter can be replaced by a conical cutter head or a pick-shaped cutter head, and the suspended cutter head can also be in a block form. During the rock breaking process, only the cutter head block that is seriously worn needs to be replaced, so that the construction cost is reduced to a greater extent.

[0026] As Figure 2As shown, in addition, as a preferred solution, the cutter box 105 is further provided with a cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism 2 corresponding to the cutting knife 101. Specifically, the cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism includes a protection box 21, the protection box 21 is provided with a profile scanning sensor 22 for monitoring the wear of the cutting knife 101, the profile scanning sensor 22 is connected with a background controller, and whether the cutting tool is worn is judged through the information collected by the profile scanning sensor 22. The bottom of the protection box 21 can be connected to a moving seat 25 through a bottom plate 23 and a support seat 24, the moving seat 25 is provided with a roller 27, the roller is matched with an annular guide rail 26 arranged on the cutter box 105; the roller can be driven by a motor, and the profile scanning sensor can realize omnibearing detection of the cutting tool through the movement of the roller along the annular guide rail. In actual use, the annular guide rail is arranged on the bearing cover plate or the cutter box, the profile sensor is installed in the protection box body, the box body is driven to rotate by the roller, and the wear of the cutting tool is monitored in all directions, thereby solving the problem that the wear degree of the cutting tool cannot be monitored in real time when the excavating knife is used, the cutting tool cannot be replaced in time when used, and the excavation speed is affected. It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned profile scanning sensor can also be used in cooperation with an image acquisition device to detect the wear of the cutting tool in multiple dimensions with high precision.

[0027] In embodiment 3, as Figure 3As shown in a cantilever tunneling machine, comprising a mobile vehicle body 3 and the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead 1 described in embodiment 1 or 2. The lower part of the mobile vehicle body is provided with a crawler traveling mechanism 12, that is, the mobile vehicle body can adopt a crawler type vehicle to adapt to complex terrain. At least one cantilever 7 is arranged on the mobile vehicle body 3; the number of cantilevers can be substantially 1, 2 or more according to needs. In this embodiment, two cantilevers are taken as an example, and the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead 1 is arranged on the cantilever 7; the cutterhead on one cantilever adopts a suspended cutting tool, and the cutterhead on the other cantilever can adopt a pick-shaped tooth cutter to realize composite excavation and cope with different stratum conditions. In addition, it needs to be explained that, like other cantilever tunneling machines, this cantilever tunneling machine also comprises a loading shovel 11, an operation room 10, a control system 9, a hydraulic system and the like required for construction. When the surrounding rock strength is greater than 40Mpa, the suspended cutting tool or the pick-shaped tooth is used to cut rock, and due to the low rock strength, the pick-shaped tooth can be used to excavate rock first, and when the pick-shaped tooth is seriously worn, the suspended cutting tool is switched to break rock and the eccentricity thereof is reduced, so that long-distance excavation of the tunnel can be realized without stopping. When the rock strength is 40-100Mpa, the pick-shaped tooth pre-splitting + suspended cutting tool rock breaking method is used for excavation, the rock strength is medium, the speed of the pick-shaped tooth on the working surface is first adjusted, the rock surface is quickly pre-split by reducing the rock breaking parameters, the eccentricity of the suspended cutting tool is adjusted, the swing cylinder is adjusted, and the annular cutting of the working surface is adjusted. A rock breaking method for the intermediate position is provided. For the case of moderate rock strength, this rock breaking method can quickly break the working surface and reduce the wear of the cutterhead cutter; when the rock strength is greater than 100Mpa, the pick-shaped tooth full-stroke drilling + suspended cutting tool rock breaking method is used for excavation, and the pick-shaped tool is first used to drill the intermediate position of the working surface to form multiple free surfaces to prepare for efficient rock breaking of the suspended cutting tool, and the eccentricity of the suspended cutting tool is adjusted to the maximum to perform vibration oblique cutting on the free surface to realize efficient excavation of the working surface; as shown in the figure. Figure 4

[0028] In this embodiment, the cantilever 7 is hinged to the mobile vehicle body 3 and connected to the mobile vehicle body 3 through the swing cylinder 4 and the luffing cylinder 8; the swing cylinder is used for left and right swinging of the cantilever, and the luffing cylinder is used for up and down swinging of the cantilever, that is, luffing action, to improve the excavation flexibility of the cutterhead. The front end of the cantilever 7 is provided with an adjusting table 5, and the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead 1 is arranged on the adjusting table 5; the adjusting table 5 is used to adjust the pose of the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead. Specifically, the adjusting table 5 comprises a fixed platform 6 fixedly connected with the cantilever 7 and a swing platform 13 connected with the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead 1, and a plurality of swing cylinders 14 are arranged between the fixed platform 6 and the swing platform 13; adjacent two swing cylinders are arranged in a V shape, and through the cooperation of the extension and retraction of the swing cylinders, the excavation pose of the variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead is adjusted.

[0029] ​The control system changes the extension and retraction stroke of the swing oil cylinder to control the rock-entering angle of the cutter head, provides a free surface for the cutter head when breaking rock, and controls the system to change the extension and retraction stroke to compensate for the rock-entering angle in real time according to the cutting track and rock hardness during the tunneling process, so that the machine is not stuck and stopped, the rock slag after tunneling is transported to the inside of the belt conveyor at the rear end of the tunneling machine by the loading shovel, is transported to the outside of the tunnel by the slag car, and the tunneling machine is controlled to walk through the walking track. In order to enhance the rock breaking adaptability of the suspended cutting tunneling machine and reduce the wear of the high-speed rotating rock breaking cutter head, the eccentric distance, the rock-entering angle and the swing speed are adjusted according to different rock strengths.

[0030] The hard rock cutting cutter head is integrated into the cantilever tunneling machine, and when different rock strength roadways are tunneled, the rock-entering angle is increased by adjusting the swing oil cylinder when the rock strength is small, the vibration frequency is increased by rotating the eccentric disc, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, the rock-entering angle and the eccentric distance are reduced by adjusting the swing oil cylinder and the eccentric disc when the rock strength is large, and the cutter head wear rate is reduced. The cantilever tunneling machine adjusts the extension and retraction amount of the cylinder of the angle adjusting system of the swing oil cylinder to enter the rock at a suitable angle, realizes eccentric suspension cutting of the cutter through the eccentric mechanism, realizes rotation + vibration + oblique cutting rock breaking, greatly improves the construction efficiency, and reduces the construction cost.

[0031] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the utility model and does not limit the utility model, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead comprising a cutterbox (105) and a drive member (106) disposed within the cutterbox (105), characterised in that: The cutter box (105) is provided with a driving disc connected with the driving member (106), the driving disc is provided with a cutter shaft (102) with adjustable eccentricity, and the cutter shaft (102) is detachably provided with a cutting knife (101); the eccentricity of the cutter shaft (102) relative to the driving disc is changed to adjust the swing amplitude of the cutting knife (101).

2. The variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: The driving disc comprises a driving disc (108) and a connecting disc (109) fixed coaxially, the driving member (106) is a driving motor, the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the shaft part of the driving disc (108) through a shaft coupling (107), and the cutter shaft (102) is connected with the connecting disc (109) through an eccentric adjusting mechanism.

3. The variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead of claim 2, wherein: The eccentric adjusting mechanism comprises a pressure disc (112) matched with the cutter shaft (102) and a plurality of connecting holes arranged on the connecting disc (109), the connecting holes are respectively located on different eccentric circles, the pressure disc (112) is provided with a plurality of connecting bolts (103), the connecting bolts (103) are threadedly matched with the connecting holes to fix the pressure disc (112) and the cutter shaft (102) on the connecting disc (109).

4. A variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that: The connecting disc (109) is fixedly connected with the driving disc (108) through reinforcing bolts (110), a bearing (104) is arranged between the connecting disc (109) and the cutter box (105), and the cutter box (105) is provided with a bearing cover plate (111) corresponding to the bearing (104).

5. The variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead of claim 4, wherein: The cutting knife (101) comprises a connecting cutter barrel (114) and a cutter (113), the connecting cutter barrel (114) is fixedly connected with the cutter shaft (102), the cutter (113) is fixed on the connecting cutter barrel (114), and the cutter (113) is a suspended cutting knife or a pick-shaped tooth cutter.

6. The variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, wherein: The cutter box (105) is further provided with a cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism (2) corresponding to the cutting knife (101).

7. The variable amplitude hard rock cutting cutterhead of claim 6, wherein: The cutter disc wear monitoring mechanism comprises a protection box (21), the protection box (21) is provided with a profile scanning sensor (22) for monitoring the wear of the cutting knife (101), a moving seat (25) is connected with the bottom of the protection box (21) through a support seat (24), the moving seat (25) is provided with a roller (27), and the roller is matched with an annular guide rail (26) arranged on the cutter box (105).

8. A boom jumbo, characterized by: The movable vehicle body (3) is provided with at least one cantilever (7), and the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc (1) is arranged on the cantilever (7).

9. The boom jumbo of claim 8, wherein: The cantilever (7) is hinged on the movable vehicle body (3) and connected with the movable vehicle body (3) through a swing oil cylinder (4) and a pitch oil cylinder (8), the front end of the cantilever (7) is provided with an adjusting platform (5), and the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc (1) is arranged on the adjusting platform (5).

10. The boom jumbo of claim 9, wherein: The adjusting platform (5) comprises a fixed platform (6) fixedly connected with the cantilever (7) and a swing platform (13) connected with the variable-amplitude hard rock cutting disc (1), and a plurality of swing oil cylinders (14) are arranged between the fixed platform (6) and the swing platform (13).

Images