Buffering oil cylinder structure and engineering machinery
By designing a buffer ring and oil passage structure in the buffer cylinder, the problem of difficult control of the buffering effect of the buffer cylinder is solved, the reliability and life of the cylinder are improved, the processing cost is reduced, and the safety and comfort of the whole machine are enhanced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520214757.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-11
AI Technical Summary
The buffering effect of existing buffer cylinders is not easy to control, resulting in easy damage to cylinder components, high noise, short service life, and high processing costs.
A buffer cylinder structure was designed, including a cylinder barrel, a cylinder head, a piston, a piston rod, a buffer sleeve, and a buffer ring. By setting oil passage holes and pressure relief holes on the buffer ring, and in conjunction with the structure of the cylinder barrel and cylinder head, the buffer pressure can be reduced in a controllable manner.
This has improved the reliability and lifespan of the buffer cylinder, reduced processing costs, solved the problem of difficult-to-control buffering effect, and enhanced the safety and comfort of the entire machine.
Smart Images
Figure CN223662236U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to buffer oil cylinder technical field especially relates to a buffer oil cylinder structure and engineering machinery. BACKGROUND
[0002] Hydraulic oil cylinder is widely used in engineering machinery, and the hydraulic oil cylinder on the excavator and large-tonnage loader has high speed and high frequency of reciprocating motion, and the function of the whole machine is realized through the reciprocating motion of the piston rod. In order to avoid strong impact or shaking at the end of the oil cylinder stroke, ensure the stable operation of the hydraulic system, avoid damage to each transmission part, reduce the noise of the whole machine, increase the comfort of the operator, and improve the service life of the whole machine and the hydraulic system oil cylinder, the buffer must be slowed down before the end of the stroke movement of the oil cylinder piston rod, so that the piston rod can move slowly to the end of the stroke.
[0003] The buffer structure of the buffer oil cylinder used in the industry at present can be seen from Figure 12 、 Figure 13 , including the existing nut (10), the existing piston (20), the existing buffer sleeve (30), the existing piston rod (40), the existing cylinder barrel (50), the existing rod cavity (60), the existing cylinder cover (70), the existing taper surface (31), the existing oil groove (32), and the existing variable cross section (33). Most of them are assembled with the existing buffer sleeve (30) on the existing piston rod (40), the existing variable cross section (33) is arranged on the outer circle of the existing buffer sleeve (30), and the existing variable cross section (33) decreases from large to small. The clearance between the outer circle of the existing buffer sleeve (30) and the inner hole of the existing cylinder cover (70) is used to realize the buffer, so that the speed of the oil cylinder is reduced to zero when the oil cylinder runs to the end of the stroke. If the clearance between the existing buffer sleeve (30) and the inner hole of the existing cylinder cover (70) is too small, the pressure will be too high, and the oil cylinder will be inflated and leak, which will reduce the service life of the oil cylinder; if the clearance between the existing buffer sleeve (30) and the inner hole of the existing cylinder cover (70) is too large, the pressure will be too fast, and the buffer time will be too short or there will be no buffer effect, which will cause the oil cylinder parts to form impact, shaking and noise. The buffer effect of the oil cylinder is not easy to control, and the existing cylinder cover (70) and the existing buffer sleeve (30) are unqualified and scrapped, which causes high cost; even the safety and service life of the oil cylinder are affected. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The utility model aims at providing a buffer oil cylinder structure to solve the technical problem of the buffer effect of the oil cylinder in the prior art.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the utility model provides a buffer oil cylinder structure, including cylinder, the left end of cylinder is equipped with oil inlet, the right end of cylinder is equipped with cylinder cover, be equipped with oil return on the cylinder cover, the inside of cylinder is equipped with piston, the outer circle of piston with the inner circle of cylinder is liquid seal, the piston will the inside of cylinder is divided into rodless cavity and rod cavity, the oil inlet with the rodless cavity is continuous, the oil return with the rod cavity is continuous, the left end of piston is connected with piston rod, the right end of piston rod passes through the cylinder cover, the outer circle of right end of piston rod with the inner circle of cylinder cover is liquid seal, the left end of piston rod is equipped with buffer sleeve, the buffer sleeve is located in the right side of piston, the right end of cylinder is equipped with buffer ring still, the buffer ring is located in the left side of cylinder cover, the outer circle of buffer sleeve can form buffer cooperation with the inner circle of buffer ring to the right, the upper and lower two side edges of buffer ring are equipped with along left and right through oil hole respectively, the right end of oil hole is equipped with pressure relief hole, the diameter of pressure relief hole is less than the diameter of oil hole.
[0006] Further, a plurality of groups of buffer holes are arranged between the oil hole and the inner circle of the buffer ring and distributed along the left and right sides.
[0007] Further, the front and rear side edges of the left end of the buffer ring are respectively provided with start-up grooves, and the piston can contact the buffer ring.
[0008] Further, the right end edge of the buffer ring is provided with an equalizing ring, the upper and lower side edges in the equalizing ring are respectively provided with pressure relief grooves, and the pressure relief grooves are in communication with the pressure relief hole.
[0009] Further, the right end of the cylinder is provided with a stepped hole, the stepped hole is assembled in gap cooperation with the buffer ring, the left end of the stepped hole is provided with a tapered sealing surface, and the tapered sealing surface forms a tapered seal with the buffer ring.
[0010] Further, the flange of the cylinder is connected with the cylinder cover, the outer circle of the right end of the piston rod and the inner circle of the cylinder cover form a liquid seal at a liquid seal position, and the liquid seal position is located to the right of the oil return port.
[0011] Further, the buffer sleeve is sleeved on the piston rod, and the left and right ends of the buffer sleeve are respectively in contact with the right end surface of the piston and the stepped end surface of the piston rod to limit the left and right movements of the buffer sleeve.
[0012] Further, the left end of the piston rod is screwed and fixed with a nut, the nut is located at the left side of the piston, and the nut can limit the piston to the right.
[0013] Further, the outer circle of the buffer sleeve is provided with a plurality of annular pressure equalizing grooves distributed along the left and right, the right end face edge of the buffer sleeve is provided with an annular taper face, and the left and right ends of the buffer sleeve are both provided with symmetrical oil passing grooves.
[0014] The utility model further provides an engineering machinery, including engineering machinery main part, still include any one of the technical scheme of above -mentioned buffer oil jar structure, buffer oil jar structure sets up on engineering machinery main part.
[0015] In conclusion, the technical scheme of the utility model has the beneficial effects as follows: the utility model has reasonable structure design, (1) the left end of the cylinder is provided with an oil inlet, the right end of the cylinder is provided with a cylinder cover, and the cylinder cover is provided with an oil return port; the inside of the cylinder is provided with a piston, the outer circle of the piston is liquid sealed with the inner circle of the cylinder, the piston separates the inside of the cylinder into a rodless cavity and a rod cavity, the oil inlet is communicated with the rodless cavity, and the oil return port is communicated with the rod cavity; the left end of the piston is connected with a piston rod, the right end of the piston rod penetrates through the cylinder cover, and the outer circle of the right end of the piston rod is liquid sealed with the inner circle of the cylinder cover; thus, when the piston rod is extended, hydraulic oil drives the piston rod to move rightwards through the oil inlet, and when the piston rod is retracted, hydraulic oil drives the piston rod to move leftwards through the oil return port. (2) the left end of the piston rod is provided with a buffer sleeve, the buffer sleeve is located at the right side of the piston, the right end of the cylinder is further provided with a buffer ring, the buffer ring is located at the left side of the cylinder cover, the outer circle of the buffer sleeve can form a buffer cooperation with the inner circle of the buffer ring rightwards, the upper and lower side edges of the buffer ring are respectively provided with through oil holes penetrating along the left and right, the right end of the through oil hole is provided with a pressure relief hole, and the diameter of the pressure relief hole is smaller than the diameter of the through oil hole; thus, the buffer ring is provided with the through oil hole, the pressure relief hole is arranged at the end of the through oil hole close to the cylinder cover, the buffer pressure is reduced, and the reliability and service life of the oil cylinder are improved. From the above analysis, the utility model utilizes the buffer ring provided with the through oil hole, the pressure relief hole is arranged at the end of the through oil hole close to the cylinder cover, and the technical problem that the buffer effect of the buffer mechanism of the existing buffer oil cylinder is not easy to control is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 is a front view structure schematic view of the buffer sleeve of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 is a side view structure schematic view of the buffer sleeve of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the buffer sleeve of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 5Is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the stepped hole of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model,
[0021] Figure 6 Is the structure schematic diagram of the flange of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model,
[0022] Figure 7 Is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the buffer ring of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model,
[0023] Figure 8 Is the left surface structure schematic diagram of the buffer ring of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model,
[0024] Figure 9 Is the right surface structure schematic diagram of the buffer ring of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model,
[0025] Figure 10 Is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the buffer ring and the buffer sleeve of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model start to cooperate,
[0026] Figure 11 Is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the buffer ring and the buffer sleeve of the buffer oil cylinder structure of the utility model deep cooperation,
[0027] Figure 12 Is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the prior art buffer oil cylinder structure,
[0028] Figure 13 Is the structure schematic diagram of three angles of the prior art buffer sleeve for comparison,
[0029] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - cylinder, 2 - cylinder cover, 3 - piston, 4 - piston rod, 5 - buffer sleeve, 6 - buffer ring, 7 - nut, 8 - liquid seal position,
[0030] 101 - oil inlet, 102 - rodless cavity, 103 - rod cavity, 104 - stepped hole, 105 - tapered sealing surface, 106 - flange, 201 - oil return port, 501 - annular pressure equalizing groove, 502 - annular tapered surface, 503 - oil passage groove, 601 - oil passage hole, 602 - pressure relief hole, 603 - buffer hole, 604 - starting groove, 605 - pressure equalizing ring, 606 - pressure relief groove,
[0031] 10 - existing nut, 20 - existing piston, 30 - existing buffer sleeve, 40 - existing piston rod, 50 - existing cylinder, 60 - existing rod cavity, 70 - existing cylinder cover, 31 - existing tapered surface, 32 - existing oil passage groove, 33 - existing variable cross section, DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute limitations on the protection scope of the present application.
[0033] In the present application, in order to describe more clearly, make the following description: the observer faces the attached Figure 1 The left side of the observer is set as left, the right side of the observer is set as right, the front of the observer is set as front, the back of the observer is set as back, the upper side of the observer is set as upper, and the lower side of the observer is set as lower. It should be pointed out that the terms "front end", "rear end", "left side", "right side", "middle", "upper side" and "lower side" in the text indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship set in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of clearly describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the structures or parts indicated must have a specific orientation or be constructed in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are only used for the purpose of clarity or simplification of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity.
[0034] Referring to Figures 1 to 11This embodiment provides a buffer cylinder structure, including a cylinder barrel 1. The left end of the cylinder barrel 1 has an oil inlet 101, and the right end of the cylinder barrel 1 has a cylinder cover 2 with an oil return port 201. Inside the cylinder barrel 1 is a piston 3, whose outer circumference is fluid-sealed with the inner circumference of the cylinder barrel 1. The piston 3 divides the interior of the cylinder barrel 1 into a rodless chamber 102 and a rod chamber 103. The oil inlet 101 communicates with the rodless chamber 102, and the oil return port 201 communicates with the rod chamber 103. The piston 3 is connected to the left end of a piston rod 4, and the right end of the piston rod 4 passes through… The outer circle of the right end of the piston rod 4 is fluid-sealed with the inner circle of the cylinder head 2; the left end of the piston rod 4 is provided with a buffer sleeve 5, which is located on the right side of the piston 3; the right end of the cylinder 1 is also provided with a buffer ring 6, which is located on the left side of the cylinder head 2; the outer circle of the buffer sleeve 5 can form a buffer fit with the inner circle of the buffer ring 6 to the right; the upper and lower edges of the buffer ring 6 are respectively provided with oil passage holes 601 that run through the left and right sides; the right end of the oil passage hole 601 is provided with a pressure relief hole 602, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the oil passage hole 601. Function: (1) The cylinder has an oil inlet at the left end and a cylinder cover at the right end, with an oil return port on the cylinder cover; the cylinder has a piston inside, with the outer circle of the piston and the inner circle of the cylinder being fluid-sealed; the piston divides the inside of the cylinder into a rodless chamber and a rod chamber, with the oil inlet connected to the rodless chamber and the oil return port connected to the rod chamber; the piston is connected to the left end of the piston rod, with the right end of the piston rod passing through the cylinder cover, and the outer circle of the right end of the piston rod being fluid-sealed to the inner circle of the cylinder cover; thus, when the piston rod extends, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod to the right through the oil inlet, and when the piston rod retracts, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston rod to the left through the oil return port. (2) A buffer sleeve is provided at the left end of the piston rod, located on the right side of the piston. A buffer ring is also provided at the right end of the cylinder, located on the left side of the cylinder head. The outer circle of the buffer sleeve can form a buffer fit with the inner circle of the buffer ring to the right. Oil passage holes are provided on the upper and lower edges of the buffer ring, respectively, running through the left and right sides. A pressure relief hole is provided at the right end of the oil passage hole, with a diameter smaller than that of the oil passage hole. Thus, by using the oil passage hole on the buffer ring and the pressure relief hole near the cylinder head, the buffer pressure is reduced, improving the reliability and lifespan of the cylinder. As can be seen from the above analysis, this utility model solves the technical problem of the buffering effect of the existing buffer cylinder's buffering mechanism being difficult to control by using the oil passage hole on the buffer ring and the pressure relief hole near the cylinder head.
[0035] Specifically, several sets of buffer holes 603 are provided between the oil passage hole 601 and the inner circle of the buffer ring 6, distributed along the left and right sides. The diameter of the several sets of buffer holes 603 decreases sequentially from the left end to the right end. Function: By using several sets of buffer holes with different diameters provided in the oil passage hole, the diameter decreases sequentially from the left end to the right end, thereby improving the buffering effect.
[0036] Specifically, the front and rear edges of the left end of the buffer ring 6 are respectively provided with starting grooves 604, allowing the piston 3 to contact the buffer ring 6. Function: The starting grooves on the left side of the buffer ring, perpendicular to the oil passage, ensure that the piston contacts the buffer ring when the piston rod is fully extended. When oil enters the rod chamber, the oil can be quickly depressurized through the starting grooves, allowing the piston to retract quickly and smoothly.
[0037] Specifically, a pressure equalizing ring 605 is provided on the right edge of the buffer ring 6, and pressure relief grooves 606 are respectively provided on the upper and lower edges of the pressure equalizing ring 605. The pressure relief grooves 606 are connected to the pressure relief hole 602. Function: The pressure equalizing ring and pressure relief groove are provided at the pressure relief hole on the right end of the buffer ring (see...). Figure 9 This ensures that the oil flowing through the pressure relief hole flows smoothly back to the small cavity oil port (i.e., return oil port 201).
[0038] The working principle is explained below: When oil enters the large chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (i.e., oil inlet 101), the piston rod extends to the point where buffering begins (see...). Figure 10 As the buffer sleeve 5 is about to enter the inner hole of the buffer ring 6, the oil in the buffer chamber enters through the oil passage 601 and is throttled and buffered through each buffer hole 603. At the same time, a portion of the oil is throttled and buffered through the gap between the buffer sleeve 5 and the buffer ring 6. After the buffer sleeve 5 has entered a certain distance, the first set of buffer holes 603 is blocked by the buffer sleeve 5 and no longer throttles (see...). Figure 11 Similarly, when all the buffer holes 603 (i.e. throttling holes) are blocked, the oil can only be throttled from the gap between the buffer sleeve 5 and the buffer ring 6 until the speed drops to zero.
[0039] Specifically, the right end of cylinder 1 is provided with a stepped hole 104, which is fitted with buffer ring 6 with a clearance fit. The left end of stepped hole 104 is provided with a conical sealing surface 105, which forms a conical seal with buffer ring 6. Function: The stepped hole is provided on the side where cylinder 1 connects to cylinder head 2 (see...) Figure 5 It is assembled with the buffer ring 6 with a clearance fit. The end of the stepped hole is provided with a conical sealing surface to ensure that when oil enters the rod cavity of the oil cylinder, the buffer ring 6 and the stepped hole form a conical seal.
[0040] Specifically, the flange 106 of cylinder 1 is connected to cylinder head 2. The outer circle of the right end of piston rod 4 and the inner circle of cylinder head 2 form a liquid seal at liquid seal position 8, which is located to the right of oil return port 201. Function: The cylinder head no longer has a buffer function, only serving as a rod seal and oil passage, reducing machining difficulty and precision, thus solving the problem of high machining cost of buffer devices.
[0041] Specifically, the buffer sleeve 5 is fitted onto the piston rod 4, with its left and right ends contacting the right end face of the piston 3 and the stepped end face of the piston rod 4, respectively, to restrict the left and right movement of the buffer sleeve 5. Function: The buffer sleeve 5 is mounted on the piston rod 4, with its two ends contacting the right end face of the piston 3 and the stepped end face of the piston rod 4, thus preventing even slight left and right movement.
[0042] Specifically, the left end of the piston rod 4 is threadedly tightened and fixed to the nut 7, which is located on the left side of the piston 3. The nut 7 can limit the piston 3 to the right. Function: By tightening the nut 7 to the piston rod 4, the piston 3 is limited.
[0043] Specifically, the outer circumference of the buffer sleeve 5 is provided with several annular pressure equalizing grooves 501 distributed along the left and right sides, the right end face edge of the buffer sleeve 5 is provided with an annular conical surface 502, and both the left and right ends of the buffer sleeve 5 are provided with symmetrical oil passage grooves 503. Function: The buffer sleeve 5 has several annular pressure equalizing grooves on its outer circumference (see...) Figure 2 This design ensures that when the buffer sleeve 5 enters the buffer ring 6, the pressure is evenly distributed across the outer circumference of the buffer sleeve 6, resulting in smoother cylinder operation without vibration or other issues. The side of the buffer sleeve 5 that preferentially enters the buffer ring 6 has an annular conical surface, and both ends of the buffer sleeve 5 have symmetrical oil passage grooves to ensure smooth oil flow. The outer diameter and inner diameter of the buffer sleeve 6 are free of steps or stepped surfaces, simplifying machining.
[0044] This utility model also discloses an engineering machinery, including a main body of the engineering machinery and a buffer cylinder structure according to any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, wherein the buffer cylinder structure is disposed on the main body of the engineering machinery. Of course, the above-mentioned buffer cylinder structure can be applied to various engineering machinery product lines such as loaders and excavators, and is not limited to loaders.
[0045] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this technical solution 1. solves the problem of difficult control of the buffering effect of the buffer mechanism; 2. solves the problem of large back pressure in the buffer device; and 3. solves the problem of high processing cost of the buffer device.
[0046] Improvement results:
[0047] This utility model has a novel structure and reasonable layout. The hydraulic cylinder buffer is convenient and controllable, making it safer to use. It reduces the form and position tolerance accuracy requirements for parts processing, further reducing processing costs, and is suitable for mass production applications.
[0048] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A buffer cylinder structure, comprising a cylinder barrel (1), characterized in that: The cylinder (1) has an oil inlet (101) at its left end and a cylinder cover (2) at its right end, with an oil return port (201) on the cylinder cover (2). A piston (3) is located inside the cylinder (1), and the outer circle of the piston (3) is fluid-sealed with the inner circle of the cylinder (1). The piston (3) divides the interior of the cylinder (1) into a rodless chamber (102) and a rod chamber (103). The oil inlet (101) communicates with the rodless chamber (102), and the oil return port (201) communicates with the rod chamber (103). The piston (3) is connected to the left end of a piston rod (4), and the right end of the piston rod (4) passes through the cylinder cover (2). The outer circle of the right end of the piston rod (4) is liquid-sealed with the inner circle of the cylinder head (2); the left end of the piston rod (4) is provided with a buffer sleeve (5), which is located on the right side of the piston (3); the right end of the cylinder (1) is also provided with a buffer ring (6), which is located on the left side of the cylinder head (2); the outer circle of the buffer sleeve (5) can form a buffer fit with the inner circle of the buffer ring (6) to the right; the upper and lower edges of the buffer ring (6) are respectively provided with oil passage holes (601) that run through the left and right sides; the right end of the oil passage hole (601) is provided with a pressure relief hole (602), and the diameter of the pressure relief hole (602) is smaller than the diameter of the oil passage hole (601).
2. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between the oil passage hole (601) and the inner circle of the buffer ring (6), there are several sets of buffer holes (603) distributed along the left and right sides, and the diameter of the several sets of buffer holes (603) decreases sequentially from the left end to the right end.
3. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer ring (6) has a starting groove (604) on the front and rear sides of its left end, and the piston (3) can contact the buffer ring (6).
4. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The right edge of the buffer ring (6) is provided with a pressure equalization ring (605), and the upper and lower edges of the pressure equalization ring (605) are respectively provided with pressure relief grooves (606), and the pressure relief grooves (606) are connected to the pressure relief holes (602).
5. A buffer cylinder structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The right end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a stepped hole (104), which is fitted with the buffer ring (6) with a clearance fit. The left end of the stepped hole (104) is provided with a conical sealing surface (105), which forms a conical seal with the buffer ring (6).
6. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The flange (106) of the cylinder (1) is connected to the cylinder head (2), and the outer circle of the right end of the piston rod (4) and the inner circle of the cylinder head (2) form a liquid seal at the liquid seal position (8), which is located to the right of the oil return port (201).
7. A buffer cylinder structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The buffer sleeve (5) is fitted onto the piston rod (4). The left and right ends of the buffer sleeve (5) are in contact with the right end face of the piston (3) and the stepped end face of the piston rod (4) respectively, so as to restrict the left and right movement of the buffer sleeve (5).
8. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The left end of the piston rod (4) is threaded and fixed to the nut (7). The nut (7) is located on the left side of the piston (3). The nut (7) can limit the piston (3) to the right.
9. The buffer cylinder structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the buffer sleeve (5) is provided with several annular pressure equalizing grooves (501) distributed along the left and right sides. The right end face edge of the buffer sleeve (5) is provided with an annular conical surface (502). Both the left and right ends of the buffer sleeve (5) are provided with symmetrical oil passage grooves (503).
10. An engineering machinery, comprising an engineering machinery body, characterized in that: It also includes the buffer cylinder structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the buffer cylinder structure is disposed on the main body of the engineering machinery.