Special caliper for sleeper width detection

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special caliper for sleeper width detection, which solves the problem that the distance between virtual intersecting lines between two side surfaces and top surfaces of various sleepers cannot be directly and accurately measured, and comprises a caliper body and a detection claw, and the detection claw comprises a fixed claw fixed on the caliper body and a movable claw movably assembled on the caliper body. The lower ends of the fixed claw and the movable claw are both provided with a fixed block and a swing block, the fixed block is provided with a lower measuring surface attached to the upper surface of the sleeper, a swing groove is formed in the fixed block, one part of the swing block is located in the swing groove, the other part of the swing block extends out of the opening, and the inner side face of the swing block is attached to one of the two side faces of the sleeper. A contact line of the inner side face of the swing block and the lower measuring face forms an intersecting line of the side face and the top face of the sleeper, the swing block swings around the contact line, the detection claw further comprises a limiting structure for limiting the swing block within a certain range, and the detection claw further comprises a locking structure for locking the swing block relative to the fixed block.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a caliper for sleeper width detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main functions of sleepers include supporting rails, maintaining the position of rails, buffering the pressure from trains, and keeping the line stable. Specifically, sleepers can withstand the huge pressure from trains, prevent the sinking of rails due to excessive pressure, and maintain the stability and smoothness of the line. Sleepers are generally trapezoidal blocks or similar rectangular block structures with a certain draft angle, which are generally small at the top and large at the bottom, and the sides are not parallel but have a small angle.

[0003] The significance of sleeper width detection mainly lies in the following aspects:

[0004] 1. Ensuring track stability: The detection of sleeper width is an important link to ensure the stability of the track. By detecting the width of the sleeper, it can be evaluated whether it meets the design requirements, so as to ensure the smoothness and stability of the track, and avoid the deformation of the track and safety hazards caused by uneven sleeper width.

[0005] 2. Prolonging service life: Regular detection of sleeper width can timely discover and handle width changes, preventing sleeper damage caused by width changes. By timely maintenance and replacement of unqualified sleepers, the service life can be prolonged, and the maintenance cost and operation interruption caused by sleeper failure can be reduced.

[0006] 3. Improving safety: Changes in sleeper width will directly affect the carrying capacity and stability of the track, and thus affect the safety of train operation. By regularly detecting the width of the sleeper, it can be found and handled in time to ensure the safety of railway transportation.

[0007] In the detection standard, when detecting the width of the sleeper, the distance between the intersection lines of the two side surfaces and the top surface of the sleeper is required to be detected. However, due to the circular transition between the two side surfaces and the top surface, there is no actual intersection line, i.e. the intersection line is virtual, and the existing measuring tools cannot directly and accurately measure the distance between the two intersection lines. Moreover, due to the different angles between the two side surfaces and the top surface of different sleepers, the measurement difficulty is increased. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0008] The utility model aims to provide a caliper for sleeper width detection to solve the technical problem of not being able to directly and accurately measure the distance between the virtual intersection lines between the two side surfaces and the top surface of various sleepers.

[0009] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A special caliper for detecting the width of a railway sleeper includes a caliper body and a detection claw. The detection claw includes a fixed claw fixed on the caliper body and a movable claw movably mounted on the caliper body. The lower ends of both the fixed claw and the movable claw are provided with a fixed block and a swing block. The fixed block has a lower measuring surface for contacting the upper surface of the railway sleeper. The fixed block is provided with a swing groove. The opening of the swing groove is located on the lower measuring surface. A part of the swing block is located in the swing groove, and another part extends out from the opening. The inner side of the swing block is used to contact one of the two sides of the railway sleeper. The contact line between the inner side of the swing block and the lower measuring surface is used to form the intersection line of the side and top surfaces of the railway sleeper. The swing block swings around the contact line. The detection claw also includes a limiting structure for restricting a part of the swing block in the swing groove so that the swing block swings around the contact line without falling off. The detection claw also includes a locking structure for locking the swing block relative to the fixed block.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: In use, first move the movable claw so that its distance from the fixed claw is greater than the width of the sleeper. Then, open the swing block of the fixed claw to a larger angle, making the lower surface of the fixed block fit against the upper surface of the sleeper to be tested. Manually move the swing block of the fixed claw so that the inner side of the swing block fits against the corresponding side of the sleeper to be tested. Then, lock the swing block on the fixed claw relative to the fixed block. Push the movable claw so that the lower surface of the fixed block of the movable claw fits against the upper surface of the sleeper to be tested. Move the swing block of the movable claw so that the swing block fits against the corresponding side of the sleeper. Then, lock the swing block of the movable claw relative to the fixed block. Read the corresponding reading on the caliper body. In this design, the inner surface of the swing block is in contact with the two sides of the sleeper under test (coplanar), while the lower surface of the fixed block is in contact with the upper surface of the sleeper under test (coplanar). Therefore, the contact line between the inner surface of the swing block and the lower surface of the fixed block is the virtual intersection line between the side and top surfaces of the sleeper under test. The distance between these two contact lines is the distance between the two virtual intersection lines of the sleeper under test. The measurement result can be obtained by reading the distance between the caliper body and the moving jaw. It is evident that the caliper of this application can quickly, directly, and accurately measure the distance between the virtual intersection lines of the two sides and the top surface of a sleeper. Furthermore, it can accurately measure various types of sleepers, regardless of whether they are rectangular or trapezoidal structures with different inclination angles, and regardless of whether they have rounded corners or the size of the rounded corners. It has a wide range of applications and can be used to measure various types of sleepers.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting structure includes a limiting pressure plate, and the locking structure includes a locking screw. The limiting pressure plate is detachably mounted on the swing groove and fixed relative to the fixed block. The swing block has a threaded through hole, and the locking screw is screwed into the threaded through hole to pull and press the swing block against the limiting pressure plate to limit the swing of the swing block. The limiting pressure plate and locking screw not only facilitate the limiting of the swing block, but can also be combined to lock the swing block. That is, after the position of the swing block is adjusted, it can be locked directly to reduce operational errors during measurement.

[0012] Furthermore, the limiting pressure plate is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to the locking screw, and the bottom of the swing groove is provided with a second clearance hole. The first clearance hole and / or the second clearance hole are arc-shaped holes. Since the swing block does not rotate around the locking screw, but around the contact line, and the movement trajectory of the locking screw is also arc-shaped, the first clearance hole and the second clearance hole are set as arc-shaped holes to allow the locking screw to be cleared.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting pressure plate and the fixing block are detachably and fixedly connected by connecting screws.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking screw includes a central threaded section and upper and lower polished sections located on either side of the threaded section.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameters of the upper polished rod section, the threaded section, and the lower polished rod section decrease sequentially. The upper polished rod section is located inside the first clearance hole, the threaded section is located inside the threaded through hole, and the lower polished rod section is located inside the second clearance hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the swing block located within the swing groove has an arc surface at the point away from the inner side.

[0017] Furthermore, the contact line of the fixed jaw is flush with the starting scale line of the caliper body, and the movable jaw is provided with a reading scale line for taking a reading corresponding to the scale of the caliper body, and the contact line of the movable jaw is flush with the reading scale line. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of one embodiment of a special caliper for detecting the width of a railway sleeper according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Another perspective stereoscopic view;

[0020] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram for measuring railway sleepers;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view (with the left-side limit plate, locking screw, and connecting screw hidden);

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the first clearance hole of the limiting pressure plate;

[0023] Figure 6 A 3D view of a special caliper for measuring the width of railway sleepers (with the limiting plate, locking screw, and connecting screw hidden on the left side).

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Sleeper, 11-Side, 12-Top, 2-Caliper body, 21-Starting scale line, 22-Reading scale line, 3-Fixed claw, 4-Moving claw, 5-Fixed block, 51-Lower measuring surface, 52-Swing groove, 521-Second clearance hole, 6-Swing block, 61-Inner side, 62-Contact line, 63-Threaded through hole, 64-Arc surface, 7-Limiting pressure plate, 71-First clearance hole, 8-Locking screw, 9-Connecting screw. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0028] The features and performance of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0029] One embodiment of this utility model is a special caliper for measuring the width of a railway sleeper: This special caliper can measure various types of railway sleepers 1, specifically the distance between the virtual intersection lines of the two sides 11 and the top surface 12 of each type of sleeper 1, commonly known as the "sleeper width". For example... Figures 1-6 As shown, the special caliper for sleeper width measurement mainly includes a caliper body 2 and measuring jaws. The structure of the caliper body 2 is basically the same as that of a vernier caliper, except that the starting position of the scale lines is different. The measuring jaws include a fixed jaw 3 and a movable jaw 4, and the main components and dimensions of the fixed jaw 3 and the movable jaw 4 are also basically the same. The fixed jaw 3 is fixed to one end of the caliper body 2, while the movable jaw 4 can slide on the caliper body 2. The movable jaw 4 is used for fixed connection with the moving part of a traditional vernier caliper.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the detection claw includes a fixed claw 3 fixed to the caliper body 2 and a movable claw 4 movably mounted on the caliper body 2. The lower ends of both the fixed claw 3 and the movable claw 4 are provided with a fixed block 5 and a swing block 6. The fixed block 5 has a lower measuring surface 51 for contacting the upper surface of the sleeper 1. The fixed block 5 is provided with a swing groove 52. The opening of the swing groove 52 is provided on the lower measuring surface 51. A part of the swing block 6 is located in the swing groove 52, and another part extends out from the opening of the swing groove 52. The inner side surface 61 of the swing block 6 is used to contact one of the two side surfaces 11 of the sleeper 1. The contact line 62 between the inner side surface 61 of the swing block 6 and the lower measuring surface 51 is used to form the intersection line of the side surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the sleeper 1. The swing block 6 swings around the contact line 62. The detection claw also includes a limiting structure for restricting a part of the swing block 6 in the swing groove 52 so that the swing block 6 swings around the contact line 62 without falling off. The detection claw also includes a locking structure for locking the swing block 6 relative to the fixed block 5.

[0031] The limiting structure includes a limiting pressure plate 7, and the locking structure includes a locking screw 8. The limiting pressure plate 7 is detachably mounted on the swing groove 52 and fixed relative to the fixed block 5. The swing block 6 has a threaded through hole 63. The locking screw 8 is screwed into the threaded through hole 63 to pull and press the swing block 6 onto the limiting pressure plate 7 to limit the swing of the swing block 6. The setting of the limiting pressure plate 7 and the locking screw 8 not only facilitates the limiting of the swing block 6, but can also be combined to lock the swing block 6. That is, after the position of the swing block 6 is adjusted, it can be locked directly to reduce the operational error that occurs during measurement.

[0032] The limiting pressure plate 7 is provided with a first clearance hole 71 corresponding to the locking screw 8, and the bottom of the swing groove 52 is provided with a second clearance hole 521. The first clearance hole 71 and / or the second clearance hole 521 are arc-shaped holes. Since the swing block 6 does not rotate around the locking screw 8, but around the contact line 62, the movement trajectory of the locking screw 8 is also arc-shaped. Therefore, the first clearance hole 71 and the second clearance hole 521 are set as arc-shaped holes to allow the locking screw 8 to pass. The limiting pressure plate 7 and the fixing block 5 are detachably fixedly connected by connecting screws 9. The locking screw 8 includes a threaded section in the middle and an upper smooth rod section and a lower smooth rod section located on both sides of the threaded section. The diameters of the upper smooth rod section, the threaded section and the lower smooth rod section decrease sequentially. The upper smooth rod section is located in the first clearance hole 71, the threaded section is located in the threaded through hole 63, and the lower smooth rod section is located in the second clearance hole 521. The end of the swing block 6 located in the swing groove 52 has an arc surface 64 away from the inner surface 61. The contact line 62 of the fixed claw 3 is flush with the starting scale line 21 of the caliper body. The movable claw 4 is provided with a reading scale line 22 for reading the scale corresponding to the scale of the caliper body. The contact line 62 of the movable claw 4 is flush with the reading scale line 22.

[0033] In use, first move the movable claw 4 so that its distance from the fixed claw 3 is greater than the width of the sleeper 1. Then, open the swing block 6 of the fixed claw 3 to a larger angle and make the lower surface of the fixed block 5 fit against the upper surface of the sleeper 1 to be tested. Manually move the swing block 6 of the fixed claw 3 so that the inner side 61 of the swing block 6 fits against the corresponding side 11 of the sleeper 1 to be tested. Then, lock the swing block 6 on the fixed claw 3 relative to the fixed block 5. Push the movable claw 4 so that the lower surface of the fixed block 5 of the movable claw 4 fits against the upper surface of the sleeper 1 to be tested. Move the swing block 6 of the movable claw 4 so that the swing block 6 fits against the corresponding side 11 of the sleeper 1. Then, lock the swing block 6 of the movable claw 4 relative to the fixed block 5. Read the corresponding reading on the caliper body 2. In this design, the inner surface 61 of the swing block 6 is in contact with the two side surfaces 11 of the sleeper 1 to be tested (coplanar), while the lower surface of the fixed block 5 is in contact with the upper surface of the sleeper 1 to be tested (coplanar). Therefore, the contact line 62 between the inner surface 61 of the swing block 6 and the lower surface of the fixed block 5 is the virtual intersection line between the side surface 11 and the top surface 12 of the sleeper 1 to be tested. Thus, the distance between the two contact lines 62 is the distance between the two virtual intersection lines of the sleeper 1 to be tested. The measurement result can be obtained by reading the distance between the caliper body 2 and the movable jaw 4. It can be seen that the caliper of this application can quickly, directly and accurately measure the distance between the virtual intersection lines of the two side surfaces 11 and the top surface 12 of the sleeper 1. Moreover, it can measure directly and accurately regardless of whether the structure is rectangular or trapezoidal with various inclination angles, and regardless of whether there are rounded corners or the size of the rounded corners. It has a wide range of applications and can measure various types of sleepers 1.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present utility model shall also be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers, comprising a caliper body and detection jaws, the detection jaws comprising a fixed jaw fixed to the caliper body and a movable jaw movably mounted on the caliper body, characterized in that, Both the fixed claw and the movable claw have a fixed block and a swing block at their lower ends. The fixed block has a lower measuring surface for contacting the upper surface of the sleeper. The fixed block has a swing groove with an opening on the lower measuring surface. A portion of the swing block is located in the swing groove, and another portion extends out from the opening. The inner side of the swing block is used to contact one of the two sides of the sleeper. The contact line between the inner side of the swing block and the lower measuring surface forms the intersection line of the side and top surfaces of the sleeper. The swing block swings around the contact line. The detection claw also includes a limiting structure for restricting a portion of the swing block within the swing groove so that the swing block swings around the contact line without falling off. The detection claw also includes a locking structure for locking the swing block relative to the fixed block.

2. The special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a limiting pressure plate, and the locking structure includes a locking screw. The limiting pressure plate is detachably mounted on the swing groove and fixed relative to the fixed block. The swing block is provided with a threaded through hole. The locking screw is screwed into the threaded through hole to pull and press the swing block onto the limiting pressure plate to limit the swing of the swing block.

3. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting pressure plate is provided with a first clearance hole corresponding to the locking screw, and the bottom of the swing groove is provided with a second clearance hole. The first clearance hole and / or the second clearance hole are arc-shaped holes.

4. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting pressure plate and the fixing block are detachably and fixedly connected by connecting screws.

5. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking screw includes a threaded section in the middle and upper and lower polished sections located on both sides of the threaded section.

6. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameters of the upper polished rod section, the threaded section, and the lower polished rod section decrease sequentially. The upper polished rod section is located in the first clearance hole, the threaded section is located in the threaded through hole, and the lower polished rod section is located in the second clearance hole.

7. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the swing block located in the swing groove has an arc surface away from the inner side.

8. A special caliper for detecting the width of railway sleepers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact line of the fixed jaw is flush with the starting scale line of the caliper body, and the movable jaw is provided with a reading scale line for taking a reading corresponding to the scale of the caliper body. The contact line of the movable jaw is flush with the reading scale line.

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