Heating device and flow battery system using same

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heating device and a flow battery system using the same. The heating device comprises a shell, a heat conduction piece and a heating piece, the shell comprises a hollowed-out part and a baffle, the hollowed-out part and the baffle define a first cavity, the first cavity is used for containing at least part of the heat conduction part and the bottom end of the heat conduction part, the hollowed-out part is located on the periphery of the heat conduction part, and the baffle is located below the heat conduction part; the heating piece makes contact with the heat conduction piece and is used for heating the heat conduction piece. The heat conduction part is used for transferring heat energy to the electrolyte. According to the heating device provided by the invention, the electrolyte can be directly heated, so that the heating effect of the electrolyte can be improved; the heating device is an independent device, so that the maintenance difficulty of the heating device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to flow batteries, specifically to a heating device and a flow battery system using the same. Background Technology

[0002] In cold regions, temperatures often drop below zero degrees Celsius. At these temperatures, the viscosity of the electrolyte in flow batteries is high, significantly increasing the difficulty of starting the system. Even during normal operation or when charged, low temperatures can cause metal ions to precipitate from the electrolyte, reducing the flow battery's efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to heat the electrolyte in flow batteries to control the operating and storage temperatures of the system.

[0003] Common heating devices involve attaching heat tracing equipment to the outer surface of the storage tank, transferring heat to the electrolyte through the tank wall. However, this method has low heat transfer efficiency and poor heating effect. Therefore, there is currently no good device for directly heating the electrolyte itself. Furthermore, heating equipment is prone to damage in certain situations, and damaged equipment cannot be maintained.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a heating device with high heat transfer efficiency, capable of directly heating the electrolyte, and easy to repair when the heating device is damaged. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a heating device with high heat transfer efficiency, capable of directly heating electrolyte, and easy to repair when the heating device is damaged.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a heating device for heating the electrolyte of a flow battery. The heating device includes: a shell, a heat-conducting element, and a heating element; the shell includes a perforated part and a baffle, which together form a first cavity for accommodating at least a portion of the heat-conducting element and its bottom end, wherein the perforated part is located on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting element, and the baffle is located below the heat-conducting element; the heating element is in contact with the heat-conducting element and is used to heat the heat-conducting element; the heat-conducting element is used to transfer heat energy to the electrolyte.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the heating device further includes a protective cover, the interior of which has a second cavity, and a portion of the heat-conducting element and the top of the heat-conducting element are located inside the protective cover.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the outer shell further includes a reinforcing portion disposed above the hollowed-out part. The cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing portion gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing portion is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollowed-out part.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the outer casing is provided with a fixing ring, which is configured to fix the heating device to the mounting surface when the heating device is installed on the mounting surface, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fixing ring is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing part.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the outer casing further includes reinforcing ribs that are connected to the cutouts.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the heating device further includes a protective mesh disposed on the outer surface of the heat-conducting element, the protective mesh being used to protect the heat-conducting element.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, a heating element is disposed around the outer surface of a portion of the heat-conducting element, wherein the heating element is configured to be above the liquid level of the electrolyte.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the heat-conducting element has a cavity inside, and the heating element is disposed in the cavity, wherein the heating element is configured to be above the liquid level of the electrolyte.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the heating device further includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, wherein the first sealing ring is used to seal the heating element and the outer casing; and the second sealing ring is used to seal the outer casing and the mounting surface of the storage tank.

[0015] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application also provides a flow battery system comprising a controller, a storage tank, a temperature sensor, and a heating device as described above. The storage tank is used to contain electrolyte, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the electrolyte, and the controller is communicatively connected to the temperature sensor and the heating device. The controller is configured to adjust the heating device to be turned on or off according to the temperature of the electrolyte.

[0016] According to the heating device of this application, its outer shell includes a perforated part and a baffle. The heating element is housed in a first cavity formed by the perforated part and the baffle. The electrolyte in the storage tank can pass through the perforated part and directly contact the heat-conducting element housed in the first cavity to heat the electrolyte. This method has high heat transfer efficiency. Moreover, the heating device of this application is an independent device and is not integrated with the storage tank. When the heating device is damaged, it can be removed for maintenance. Therefore, the heating device provided by this application directly heats the electrolyte, which is beneficial to improving the heating effect of the electrolyte; its separation from the storage tank helps to reduce the maintenance difficulty of the heating device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a heating device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a heating device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an installation diagram of the heating element and heat-conducting element provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is another installation schematic diagram of the heating element and heat-conducting element provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of another heating device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a flow battery system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure Labels

[0025] Heating device, 100;

[0026] Casing, 110;

[0027] Hollowed-out parts, 111;

[0028] baffle, 112;

[0029] Strengthening Department, 114;

[0030] Retaining ring, 115;

[0031] Reinforcing rib, 116;

[0032] Grille, 117;

[0033] First cavity, 118;

[0034] Thermal conductive component, 120;

[0035] Protective net, 121;

[0036] Receiving cavity, 122;

[0037] The bottom of the heat-conducting component, 123;

[0038] Top of the heat-conducting component, 124;

[0039] Heating element, 130;

[0040] First sealing ring, 140;

[0041] Second sealing ring, 150;

[0042] Protective cover, 160;

[0043] Second cavity, 161;

[0044] Flow battery system, 200;

[0045] Temperature sensor, 201;

[0046] Storage tank, 202;

[0047] Temperature sensor, 203;

[0048] Electrolyte circulation device, 204;

[0049] Mounting surface, 300;

[0050] The electrolyte level is 400. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0056] The embodiments of this application are described below based on the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments shown below are examples of heating devices and flow battery systems using the same to embody the technical concept of this application, and the heating devices and flow battery systems using the same are not specifically defined as described below. Furthermore, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of the claims, the components shown in the "Claims" and "Utility Model Content" columns are assigned numbers corresponding to the components shown in the embodiments. However, the components shown in the claims are not intended to be specific to the components of the embodiments. In particular, the dimensions, materials, shapes, and relative arrangements of the constituent components described in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of this application unless specifically stated otherwise, but are merely illustrative examples.

[0057] However, the dimensions or positional relationships of the components shown in the accompanying drawings are sometimes exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, in the following description, detailed descriptions of the same names and symbols representing the same or homogeneous components are appropriately omitted. Furthermore, the elements constituting this application may be multiple elements composed of the same components, thus allowing one component to function as multiple elements; conversely, multiple components may share the function of one component. Additionally, the content described in some embodiments and implementations can be applied to other embodiments and implementations. Furthermore, in this specification, "upper" is not limited to the case of being formed in contact with an upper surface, but also includes the case of being formed separately on top, and also includes the meaning of an intermediate layer between layers.

[0058] This application provides a heating device 100, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the heating device 100 includes: a housing 110, a heat-conducting element 120, and a heating element 130; the housing 110 includes a perforated element 111 and a baffle 112, the perforated element 111 and the baffle 112 forming a first cavity 118, the first cavity 118 for accommodating at least a portion of the heat-conducting element 120 and the bottom end 123 of the heat-conducting element, wherein the perforated element 111 is located on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting element 120, and the baffle 112 is located below the heat-conducting element 120; the heating element 130 is in contact with the heat-conducting element 120, and the heating element 130 is used to heat the heat-conducting element 120; the heat-conducting element 120 is used to transfer heat energy to the electrolyte.

[0059] This application does not limit the type of flow battery; the heating device 100 can be applied to vanadium redox flow batteries, iron-chromium flow batteries, and zinc-bromine flow batteries, etc. This application also does not limit the type of heating element 130; the heating element 130 can be an externally wrapped heating film or heating wire, or an internally embedded stainless steel heating rod, etc. The power of the heating element 130 is not limited here; its power can be set according to the electrolyte volume of the flow battery storage tank. Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the perforated part 111 includes a plurality of equally spaced grids 117, which are arranged in a circular shape and at equal intervals, with a perforated design between adjacent grids 117. The electrolyte comes into direct contact with the heat-conducting part 120 through the perforated part 111, and the heat-conducting part 120 conducts the heat from the heating part 130 into the electrolyte, thereby improving the heat conversion efficiency of the heating device 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the heating device 100 also includes a protective cover 160, the interior of which has a second cavity 161. A portion of the heat-conducting element 120 and its top end 124 are located within the protective cover 160. The protective cover 160 serves to insulate the heating element 130 from the external environment and to insulate the heating device 100 from the electrolyte. The protective cover reduces heat loss caused by the heat conduction between the top of the heat-conducting element 120 and the external environment. Since the electrolyte in the battery system possesses electrical energy during operation, electron interaction occurs during material exchange, and current may be conducted from the heat-conducting element 120 to the outside, causing leakage. The protective cover 160 can prevent leakage to a certain extent. In some embodiments, the heating device 100 also includes a first sealing ring 140, which is located at the junction of the upper part of the heat-conducting element 120 and the first cavity 113 within the outer casing 110, primarily used to seal the connection between the heat-conducting element 120 and the outer casing 110.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-2As shown, the outer casing 110 also includes a reinforcing portion 114, which is disposed above the perforated part 111. The cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing portion 114 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing portion 114 is larger than that of the perforated part 111. The reinforcing portion 114 is mainly used to increase the strength of the outer casing 110 and prevent the outer casing 110 from being damaged under external forces, such as preventing the outer casing 110 from breaking due to the sloshing of the electrolyte. In addition, the design of the reinforcing portion 114 also facilitates the installation and fastening with the storage tank. In some embodiments, for example, an opening is provided on the lid of the storage tank for inserting and fixing the heating device 100. The size of the opening can be adapted to the heating device 100. During installation, the heating device 100 is inserted into the storage tank through the opening and comes into contact with the electrolyte. During the insertion process, the lower cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing portion 114 enters the opening first, and the upper cross-sectional area enters the opening later, with a transition process in between, which can ensure that the heating device 100 can be easily and smoothly inserted into the storage tank.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the housing 110 is provided with a retaining ring 115, which is configured to fix the heating device 100 to the mounting surface 300 when the heating device 100 is installed on the mounting surface 300.

[0063] To ensure the heating device 100 is stably fixed in the storage tank, a fixing ring 115 is provided. The fixing ring 115 is located above the reinforcing part 114, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fixing ring 115 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing part 114 and also larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the tank opening. In use, the heating device 100 is vertically inserted into the electrolyte. When the fixing ring 115 contacts the mounting surface 300 of the storage tank, the heating device 100 no longer penetrates into the electrolyte, and the fixing ring 115 fixes the heating device 100 to the mounting surface 300 of the storage tank.

[0064] It should be noted that, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The illustration is not intended to limit the specific orientation of the heating device 100 during use. In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, if the mounting surface 300 is a horizontal plane, the heating device 100 can be vertically arranged as shown. In other embodiments, the mounting surface 300 is not a horizontal plane, for example, it has a certain angle of inclination, then the heating device 100 will also have a certain angle of inclination.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the heating device 100 also includes a second sealing ring 150, which is disposed below the fixing ring 115 and contacts the mounting surface 300 of the storage tank. The second sealing ring 150 is used to seal the openings of the heating device 100 and the storage tank, thereby achieving a seal on the storage tank.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the outer casing 110 also includes reinforcing ribs 116, which are connected to the perforated part 111. The reinforcing ribs 116 are similar in structure to the grid, but also have multiple vertical lines in the vertical direction to enhance the strength of the outer casing 110.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first sealing ring 140 and the second sealing ring 150 may be rubber rings. The outer shell 110 may be made of a material that is heat-resistant, insulating, and has a certain strength and toughness, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PE (polyethylene), and PPH (homopolymer polypropylene). The heat-conducting component 120 may be a carbon rod, graphite rod, silicon carbide rod, carbon fiber resin, or carbon cloth roll.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, the heating device 100 also includes a protective mesh 121, which is disposed on the outer surface of the heat-conducting component 120 and serves to protect the heat-conducting component 120. In some cases, the heat-conducting component 120 is prone to localized breakage or fragmentation. For example, fluctuations can easily occur when the electrolyte is running in the storage tank, and these fluctuations can cause vibrations in the heating device 100, potentially leading to breakage of the heat-conducting component 120. Once the heat-conducting component 120 breaks, fragments can easily drift in the electrolyte, potentially clogging the flow channels within the fuel cell stack and causing adverse effects. The protective mesh 121 prevents the fragments from leaking into the electrolyte in the storage tank, providing a slightly refined protective wrap around the entire heat-conducting component 120. The protective mesh 121 is relatively thin, possesses good toughness, corrosion resistance, and a certain degree of heat transfer. The protective mesh 121 also has several mesh openings, the mesh density of which can be adjusted according to changes in the size of the heat-conducting component 120. The mesh density should not be set too dense or too sparse. If it is too sparse, it will not provide protection, and if it is too dense, it will affect the heat transfer of the heat-conducting component 120.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, a heating element 130 is arranged around the outer surface of a portion of the heat-conducting element 120, wherein the heating element 130 is positioned above the electrolyte level 400. Since different types of heating elements 130 exist, externally wrapped heating wires or heating films are suitable for surrounding the outer surface of the heat-conducting element 120, facilitating the adaptation of the heating device 100 to various types of heating elements 130. When the heating element 130 is arranged around the heat-conducting element 120, a protective mesh 121 is positioned below the heating element 130 and extends to cover the bottom end 123 of the heat-conducting element.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the heat-conducting element 120 has a receiving cavity 122 inside, and the heating element 130 is disposed in the receiving cavity 122, wherein the heating element 130 is positioned above the liquid level of the electrolyte. When the heating element 130 is an embedded stainless steel heater, it is suitable to be placed in the receiving cavity 122 inside the heat-conducting element 120. In this case, a protective mesh 121 surrounds the heat-conducting element 120 and is disposed on the outer surface of the heat-conducting element 120.

[0071] Regardless of the installation method of the heating element 130, its height is always higher than the electrolyte level in the storage tank. Because the heating element 130 typically contains metal components, it is susceptible to corrosion and damage if the electrolyte comes into contact with it. Furthermore, corrosion of the heat-conducting element 120 will also contaminate the electrolyte to some extent, potentially affecting the normal operation of the flow battery.

[0072] According to the heating device 100 of this application, its outer casing 110 includes a perforated part 111 and a baffle 112. The heating element 130 is housed in a first cavity 118 formed by the perforated part 111 and the baffle 112. The electrolyte in the storage tank can pass through the perforated part 111 and directly contact the heat-conducting element 120 housed in the perforated part 111 to heat the electrolyte. This method has high heat transfer efficiency. Moreover, the heating device 100 of this application is an independent device. When the heating device 100 is damaged, it can be removed for maintenance. Therefore, the heating device 100 provided by this application directly heats the electrolyte, which is beneficial to improving the heating effect of the electrolyte; and its separation from the storage tank helps to reduce the maintenance difficulty of the heating device 100.

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides a flow battery system 200, including a controller (not shown), a storage tank 202, a temperature sensor 203, and a heating device 100 as described above. The storage tank 202 is used to contain electrolyte, the temperature sensor 203 is used to detect the temperature of the electrolyte, and the controller is communicatively connected to the temperature sensor 203 and the heating device 100. The controller is configured to adjust the on / off state of the heating device 100 according to the temperature. Through this flow battery system 200, the temperature of the electrolyte can be detected in real time, and the operating state of the heating device 100 can be controlled. In some embodiments, the temperature sensor 203, the heating device 100, and the controller can be wirelessly or wiredly connected. The controller can be an electronic device such as an MCU or FPGA, and the temperature sensor can be a PT100 thermocouple. To prevent the temperature sensor from being corroded by the electrolyte, a protective layer is also provided on the temperature sensor.

[0074] In some embodiments, one or more heating devices 100 are installed on the storage tank 202 to heat the electrolyte inside the tank. A temperature sensor 203 is provided at a location far from the heating device 100 to detect the temperature of the electrolyte. An electrolyte circulation device 204 is provided outside the storage tank 202 to self-circulate the electrolyte, mainly to stir the electrolyte and improve the heating effect of the heating device 100.

[0075] The control flow of the controller can be as follows: When the temperature sensor 203 inside the storage tank 202 detects the electrolyte temperature, it inputs temperature data to the controller. Based on the temperature data, the original setting program in the controller will perform a judgment. If the operating conditions are met, the heating device 100 will be started to heat the electrolyte. After heating for a period of time, the judgment will be performed again based on the electrolyte temperature. When a certain temperature is met, the controller will start the electrolyte circulation device 204 to stir the electrolyte as a whole to prevent the electrolyte from being heated locally by the heating device 100 for a long time, resulting in the temperature not dissipating or dissipating slowly, thereby improving the heating effect of the heating device 100.

[0076] While the foregoing disclosure has discussed various examples of embodiments that are currently considered useful, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Rather, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that conform to the substance and scope of the embodiments of this application. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented solely by software solutions, such as installing the described system on existing servers or mobile devices.

[0077] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the present application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0078] In some embodiments, numbers describing the quantity of components and attributes are used. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples with the terms "approximately," "approximately," or "generally." Unless otherwise stated, "approximately," "approximately," or "generally" indicates that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit reservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of range in some embodiments of this application are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such numerical values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

Claims

1. A heating device for heating the electrolyte in a flow battery, characterized in that, The heating device includes: a housing, a heat-conducting component, and a heating component; The outer shell includes a cutout and a baffle, the cutout and the baffle forming a first cavity, the first cavity being used to accommodate at least a portion of the heat-conducting element and the bottom end of the heat-conducting element, wherein the cutout is located on the outer periphery of the heat-conducting element and the baffle is located below the heat-conducting element; The heating element is in contact with the heat-conducting element, and the heating element is used to heat the heat-conducting element; The heat-conducting component is used to transfer heat energy to the electrolyte.

2. The heating device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective cover, the interior of which has a second cavity, and part of the heat-conducting element and the top of the heat-conducting element are located inside the protective cover.

3. The heating device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell also includes a reinforcing part, which is disposed above the hollowed-out part. The cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing part gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing part is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the hollowed-out part.

4. The heating device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with a fixing ring, which is configured to fix the heating device to the mounting surface when the heating device is installed on the mounting surface, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the fixing ring is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the reinforcing part.

5. The heating device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell also includes reinforcing ribs, which are connected to the hollowed-out parts.

6. The heating device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective mesh disposed on the outer surface of the heat-conducting component, the protective mesh being used to protect the heat-conducting component.

7. The heating device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heating element is disposed around the outer surface of a portion of the heat-conducting element, wherein the heating element is configured to be above the liquid level of the electrolyte.

8. The heating device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-conducting component has an internal cavity, and the heating component is disposed in the cavity, wherein the heating component is positioned above the liquid level of the electrolyte.

9. The heating device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, wherein the first sealing ring is used to seal the heating element and the outer shell; and the second sealing ring is used to seal the outer shell and the mounting surface of the storage tank.

10. A flow battery system, characterized in that, The device includes a controller, a storage tank, a temperature sensor, and a heating device as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the storage tank is used to contain an electrolyte, the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the electrolyte, the controller is communicatively connected to the temperature sensor and the heating device, and the controller is configured to adjust the heating device to be turned on or off according to the temperature of the electrolyte.

Images