Upper and lower composite material integrated suspension floor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an upper and lower composite material integrated suspension floor, and belongs to the technical field of suspension floors, the upper and lower composite material integrated suspension floor comprises a panel layer and reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs are fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the panel layer, a frame is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the panel layer, the reinforcing ribs are located in the frame, and connecting frames are fixedly arranged on the two adjacent side walls of the frame; limiting rods are fixedly arranged on the inner walls of the two opposite sides of the connecting frame, partition plates are fixedly arranged in the connecting frame and are parallel to each other, clamping assemblies used for being connected with the connecting frame in a clamped mode are fixedly arranged on the two adjacent side walls of the frame, and the clamping assemblies and the connecting frame are located on the different sides of the frame.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of floating floor, in particular to the upper and lower composite material integrated floating floor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The floating floor, also known as the combined sports floor or the suspended assembled floor, is an advanced and novel sports floor material. It is processed by mold injection, and the finished product is block-shaped, having the characteristics of high product size precision and good interchangeability.

[0003] The existing floating floor structure integrates the design of the panel layer and the reinforcing rib, wherein the reinforcing rib is stably installed at the bottom of the panel layer to enhance the stability of the overall structure. The adjacent two side edges of the panel layer are carefully laid with a plurality of connecting blocks and connecting plates, which are sequentially arranged along the edges but not on the same side. The insertion slot formed on the connecting block and the insertion rod fixed at the bottom of the connecting plate are accurately matched in size and position, ensuring the convenient insertion between the floors.

[0004] In view of the above related technology, the floating floor is prone to size change when the temperature changes, which easily leads to the occurrence of small gaps at the connection between the floating floors, and further easily causes the floating floor to bulge or float, thereby having the defect of low walking stability. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] In order to improve the stability of walking, the present application provides an upper and lower composite material integrated floating floor.

[0006] The upper and lower composite material integrated floating floor provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The upper and lower composite material integrated floating floor comprises a panel layer and a reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the panel layer, the bottom side of the panel layer is fixedly arranged with a frame, the reinforcing rib is arranged in the frame, the adjacent two side walls of the frame are fixedly arranged with a connecting frame, the opposite two inner walls of the connecting frame are fixedly arranged with a limiting rod, the connecting frame is fixedly arranged with a partition plate, the partition plates are parallel to each other, the adjacent two side walls of the frame are fixedly arranged with a clamping assembly for clamping the connecting frame, and the clamping assembly and the connecting frame are arranged on different sides of the frame.

[0008] The clamping assembly comprises positioning plates, clamping plates and limiting plates, two of each of the positioning plates, the limiting plates and the clamping plates are provided, one side of the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the frame, the upper surface of the positioning plate is fixedly connected with the panel layer, the positioning plates are parallel to each other, the two clamping plates are fixedly connected with the panel layer, the clamping plates are parallel to the positioning plates, the two clamping plates are between the two positioning plates, the clamping plates are made of elastic material, the side of the clamping plate facing the positioning plate is fixedly provided with a clamping block, the side of the clamping block away from the clamping plate is provided as an inclined surface, the two limiting plates are between the two clamping plates, the limiting plates are parallel to the clamping plates, the limiting plates are fixedly connected with the panel layer, and the width of the clamping plate and the limiting plate is smaller than the width of the connecting frame.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the first floating floor is placed on the ground, the reinforcing rib is in contact with the ground, the panel layer is above the reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib supports the panel layer, the second panel layer is lifted, the clamping assembly on one side of the second panel layer is aligned with the connecting frame on one side of the first panel layer, the second panel layer is pressed downward, the panel layer drives the positioning plate, the clamping plate and the limiting plate to move, the connecting frame on the first panel layer is gradually between the two positioning plates, and the two clamping plates are gradually into the connecting frame, the clamping plate drives the clamping block to move, the inclined surface of the clamping block first contacts the limiting rod, and under the guiding action of the limiting rod, the clamping block moves laterally and causes the clamping plate to bend, once the clamping block moves below the limiting rod, the clamping plate restores to its original shape, the clamping block moves directly below the limiting rod, the upper surface of the clamping block contacts the lower surface of the limiting rod, so that the second panel layer is not easy to move upward relative to the first panel layer, the two limiting plates are respectively abutted on the sides away from each other, so that the connecting frame is not easy to move randomly between the positioning plates, the assembly of the two floating floors is completed, and the entire ground is paved in this way. Since the width of the clamping plate and the limiting plate is smaller than the width of the connecting frame, space is reserved for potential expansion of the floating floor, so that the floating floor is not easy to swell or float, thereby improving the stability of walking.

[0010] Optionally, a reinforcing rod is arranged between the two limiting plates, one end of the reinforcing rod is fixedly connected with the panel layer.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the process of assembling the two floating floors, the reinforcing rod extends into the connecting frame and is between the two partitions, when the adjacent floating floors move away from each other, the reinforcing rod, the clamping plate and the limiting plate will be in contact with the side wall of the connecting frame at the same time. This design effectively enhances the stability of the structure, so that the clamping plate and the limiting plate are not easy to break when stressed.

[0012] Optionally, two guide rods are fixedly arranged on the side of the positioning plate facing the clamping plate, one end of the guide rod close to the panel layer is fixedly connected with the panel layer, and the side of the guide rod away from the panel layer is provided as an inclined surface.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, after the connecting frame is positioned between the two positioning plates, the guide rod and the side wall of the connecting frame are in contact, so that water under the panel layer can flow outward from between the positioning plate and the side wall of the connecting frame.

[0014] Optionally, the connecting frame and the clamping assembly are provided in plurality, and the plurality of connecting frames and the plurality of clamping assemblies are arranged in sequence along the side of the frame, a closed loop sleeve is arranged between the two adjacent connecting frames, the closed loop sleeve is fixedly connected with the frame, and a clamping assembly for clamping the closed loop sleeve is arranged between the two adjacent clamping assemblies, and the clamping assembly and the closed loop sleeve are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, during the assembly of the two floating floors, the closed loop sleeve is moved to between the two clamping assemblies, and the clamping assembly clamps and fixes the side wall of the closed loop sleeve, so that the two floating floors are not easy to relatively displace.

[0016] Optionally, the clamping assembly comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are fixedly arranged on the panel layer, and the side away from the panel layer of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate is provided as an inclined surface.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, during the assembly of the two floating floors, the closed loop sleeve is gradually positioned between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate under the guidance of the inclined surfaces of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate clamp and fix the closed loop sleeve, so that the two floating floors are not easy to relatively displace.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of first support plates and a plurality of second support plates are arranged in the frame, the first support plates and the second support plates are uniformly distributed, the first support plates are fixedly arranged between the two adjacent side walls of the frame, the plurality of first support plates are parallel to each other, the second support plates are also fixedly arranged between the two adjacent side walls of the frame, the second support plates are parallel to each other, the first support plates and the second support plates are cross-connected, the side of the first support plates and the second support plates close to the panel layer is fixedly connected with the panel layer, and the frame is provided with a water flow groove on the side away from the panel layer.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, after the floating floor is placed on the ground, the side of the first support plates and the second support plates away from the panel layer is in contact with the ground, the first support plates and the second support plates support the panel layer, so that the panel layer is not easy to collapse, and water under the panel layer can flow outward through the water flow groove.

[0020] Optionally, a wear-resistant layer is fixedly arranged on the side of the panel layer away from the frame.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the wear-resistant layer enhances the durability and wear resistance of the panel layer.

[0022] Optionally, the panel layer and the wear-resistant layer are both provided with through holes, and the through holes of the panel layer and the wear-resistant layer are overlapped.

[0023] By using the above technical scheme, water on the upper surface of the wear-resistant layer can flow to the lower side of the panel layer through the through holes, so that water is not easy to accumulate on the wear-resistant layer.

[0024] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. The blocking effect of the limiting rod on the clamping block completes the connection of the two floating floors, and the width of the clamping plate and the limiting plate is smaller than the width of the connecting frame, so that space is reserved for potential expansion of the floating floor, so that the floating floor is not easy to swell or float, thereby improving the stability of walking;

[0026] 2. The clamping plate and the limiting plate are not easy to break by the setting of the reinforcing rod;

[0027] 3. The guide rod makes the side wall of the connecting frame not easy to contact the positioning plate, so that the water flow under the panel layer can flow away from the panel layer through the gap between the side wall of the connecting frame and the positioning plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the up-down composite material integrated floating floor of the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the bottom side of the panel layer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a partial enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 2 is a partial enlarged schematic view of part B in

[0032] In the figure, 1 is a panel layer; 11 is a reinforcing rib; 12 is a reinforcing rod; 13 is a closed loop sleeve; 14 is a first supporting plate; 15 is a second supporting plate; 2 is a frame; 3 is a connecting frame; 31 is a limiting rod; 32 is a partition plate; 4 is a clamping assembly; 41 is a positioning plate; 42 is a clamping plate; 421 is a clamping block; 43 is a limiting plate; 5 is a guide rod; 6 is a clamping assembly; 61 is a first clamping plate; 62 is a second clamping plate; 7 is a water flow channel; 8 is a wear-resistant layer; 9 is a through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying Figures 1-4 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application discloses an up-down composite material integrated floating floor.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 The upper and lower composite material integrated suspension floor comprises a panel layer 1, a wear-resistant layer 8 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the panel layer 1, a frame 2 is fixedly arranged on the bottom side of the panel layer 1, the frame 2 is square, a plurality of through holes 9 are arranged through the panel layer 1 and the wear-resistant layer 8, the plurality of through holes 9 are arranged in an array, in the embodiment of the application, the through holes 9 are in the shape of a plum blossom, and the panel layer 1 and the wear-resistant layer 8 are composed of polypropylene material.

[0036] The panel layer 1 is stably placed on the ground, and the side of the frame 2 away from the panel layer 1 is in close contact with the ground, thereby providing stable support for the panel layer 1. The addition of the wear-resistant layer 8 significantly improves the durability and wear resistance of the panel layer 1. When the upper surface of the wear-resistant layer 8 encounters water flow, the water flow can smoothly flow into the lower part of the panel layer 1 through the preset through holes 9, effectively reducing the formation of surface water on the wear-resistant layer 8.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The bottom side of the panel layer 1 is fixedly arranged with a plurality of first support plates 14 and a plurality of second support plates 15, the plurality of first support plates 14 and the plurality of second support plates 15 are evenly distributed, the opposite ends of the first support plates 14 are fixedly connected to the adjacent two side walls of the frame 2, the first support plates 14 are parallel to each other, the opposite ends of the second support plates 15 are fixedly connected to the adjacent two side walls of the frame 2, the second support plates 15 are parallel to each other, the first support plates 14 and the second support plates 15 are perpendicular to each other, and the side of the first support plates 14, the second support plates 15 and the frame 2 away from the panel layer 1 is provided with a water flow groove 7.

[0038] After the frame 2 is in contact with the ground, the lower surfaces of the first support plates 14 and the second support plates 15 are in contact with the ground, thereby further providing stable support for the panel layer 1, and the accumulated water below the panel layer 1 can flow outward through the water flow groove 7, so that the panel layer 1 is not prone to water accumulation.

[0039] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The bottom side of the panel layer 1 is fixedly arranged with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 11, and the reinforcing ribs 11 are arranged in an array. After the panel layer 1 is placed on the ground, the side of the reinforcing ribs 11 away from the panel layer 1 is separated from the ground, and the reinforcing ribs 11 further support the panel layer 1, so that the panel layer 1 is not prone to collapse.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The two adjacent sides of the frame 2 are fixed with a plurality of connecting frames 3, the plurality of connecting frames 3 are arranged in sequence along the side of the frame 2, the inner walls of the opposite two sides of the frame 2 are fixed with limiting rods 31, the inside of the frame 2 is provided with two partitions 32, the two ends of the partition 32 are fixedly connected with the opposite two side walls of the connecting frame 3 respectively, the partitions 32 are parallel to each other, the adjacent two side walls of the frame 2 are fixed with a plurality of clamping assemblies 4, the plurality of clamping assemblies 4 are arranged in sequence along the side of the frame 2, the clamping assembly 4 is used for realizing clamping cooperation with the connecting frame 3 and one-to-one correspondence, and the clamping assembly 4 and the connecting frame 3 are located at different sides of the frame 2 respectively.

[0041] The clamping assembly 4 comprises two positioning plates 41, two clamping plates 42 and two limiting plates 43, one side of the positioning plate 41 is fixedly connected with the frame 2, the upper surface of the positioning plate 41 is fixed with the panel layer 1, the two positioning plates 41 are arranged in parallel to each other, the two clamping plates 42 are fixedly connected with the panel layer 1, the clamping plate 42 is parallel to the positioning plate 41, the clamping plate 42 is arranged between the two positioning plates 41 and is made of elastic material, the side of the clamping plate 42 facing the positioning plate 41 is fixedly provided with a clamping block 421, the side of the clamping block 421 away from the clamping plate 42 is provided as an inclined surface, the two limiting plates 43 are arranged between the two clamping plates 42, are parallel to the clamping plate 42 and are fixedly connected with the panel layer 1, and the widths of the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 are less than the width of the connecting frame 3.

[0042] Firstly, the first floating floor is placed stably on the ground, the connecting frame 3 is in contact with the ground, the second floating floor is picked up, the clamping assembly 4 on one side of the second floating floor is accurately aligned with the connecting frame 3 of the first floating floor, then the second floating floor is pressed down gently, this action drives the positioning plate 41, the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 to move synchronously, in this process, the connecting frame 3 of the first floating floor is gradually arranged between the two positioning plates 41, at the same time, the two clamping plates 42 of the second floating floor are also gradually embedded into the inside of the connecting frame 3, with the movement of the clamping plate 42, the inclined surface of the clamping block 421 first meets the limiting rod 31, under the guidance of the limiting rod 31, the clamping block 421 is laterally displaced, and the clamping plate 42 is elastically bent, once the clamping block 421 passes below the limiting rod 31, the clamping plate 42 quickly restores to the original state, so that the clamping block 421 is located directly below the limiting rod 31, the upper surface of the clamping block 421 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the limiting rod 31, so that the second floating floor is not easy to move upward relative to the first floating floor, in addition, the two limiting plates 43 are respectively in abutment with the two partitions 32 away from the surface, thereby limiting the random movement of the connecting frame 3 between the positioning plates 41, realizing the stable connection of the two floating floors, thus the assembling work of the two floating floors is successfully completed, and the entire ground is paved in this way.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The positioning plate 41 is provided with two guide rods 5 on the side facing the clamping plate 42, the two guide rods 5 are parallel to each other, one end of the guide rod 5 close to the panel layer 1 is fixedly connected with the panel layer 1, and the side of the guide rod 5 away from the panel layer 1 is provided as an inclined surface.

[0044] After the connecting frame 3 is placed between the two positioning plates 41, the guide rods 5 abut against the side wall of the connecting frame 3, so that the connecting frame 3 is not easy to move randomly between the two positioning plates 41, and at the same time, there is a gap between the connecting frame 3 and the positioning plate 41, so that the moisture under the panel layer 1 can smoothly flow out from the gap between the positioning plate 41 and the side wall of the connecting frame 3.

[0045] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a closed loop sleeve 13 is arranged between adjacent connecting frames 3, the closed loop sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with the frame 2 on the side close to the frame 2, and a clamping assembly 6 for clamping the closed loop sleeve 13 is arranged between adjacent clamping assemblies 4, the clamping assembly 6 is matched with the closed loop sleeve 13 one by one, the clamping assembly 6 includes a first clamping plate 61 and a second clamping plate 62, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 are firmly provided on the panel layer 1, the side of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 away from the panel layer 1 is provided as an inclined surface, and the gap between the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 is the same as the thickness of the side wall of the closed loop sleeve 13.

[0046] When two floating floors are assembled, the closed loop sleeve 13 is gradually guided into and stably positioned between the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 under the guidance of the inclined surfaces of the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62, the first clamping plate 61 and the second clamping plate 62 tightly clamp and fix the closed loop sleeve 13, preventing relative displacement between the two floating floors, and improving the stability of the assembled floating floor.

[0047] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a reinforcing rod 12 is arranged between the two limiting plates 43, the reinforcing rod 12 is parallel to the limiting plate 43, the side of the reinforcing rod 12 facing the panel layer 1 is fixedly connected with the panel layer 1, and the reinforcing rod 12 is perpendicular to the panel layer 1. When the floating floor is assembled, the reinforcing rod 12 extends into the connecting frame 3 and is positioned between the two partition plates 32, and when the floating floor moves relatively, the reinforcing rod 12, the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 tightly abut against the side wall of the connecting frame 3. The arrangement of the reinforcing rod 12 makes the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 not easy to be damaged by force, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure.

[0048] The implementation principle of the upper and lower composite material integrated suspension floor of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the first suspension floor is placed steadily on the ground, the reinforcing rib 11 is in close contact with the ground, then the second suspension floor is lifted, the clamping assembly 4 on the second suspension floor is aligned with the connecting frame 3 of the first suspension floor, and the second suspension floor is pressed down, in this process, the panel layer 1 drives the positioning plate 41, the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 to move synchronously until the connecting frame 3 is clamped between the two positioning plates 41, at the same time, the clamping plate 42 is smoothly slid into the connecting frame 3, the clamping block 421 on the clamping plate 42 moves laterally under the guidance of the limiting rod 31 and temporarily bends the clamping plate 42, once the clamping block 421 passes below the limiting rod 31, the clamping plate 42 restores to its original state, the clamping block 421 tightly abuts against the upper limiting rod 31, the second suspension floor is not easy to move upward relative to the first suspension floor, the two limiting plates 43 respectively abut against the two side partition plates 32, ensuring that the connecting frame 3 is stable and immovable, the two suspension floors are assembled, this way is used to lay one by one until the ground is fully paved, the width of the clamping plate 42 and the limiting plate 43 is less than that of the connecting frame 3, which reserves space for potential expansion of the floor, so that the suspension floor is not easy to swell or hang in the air, and the stability of walking is improved.

[0049] The embodiments of the present application are the preferred embodiments of the present application, but do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite material integrated suspension floor, comprising a panel layer (1) and a reinforcing rib (11), the reinforcing rib (11) being fixed to the bottom side of the panel layer (1), characterized in that: The panel layer (1) is fixedly provided with a frame (2) on the bottom side, a reinforcing rib (11) is arranged in the frame (2), adjacent two side walls of the frame (2) are fixedly provided with a connecting frame (3), opposite two inner walls of the connecting frame (3) are fixedly provided with a limiting rod (31), the connecting frame (3) is fixedly provided with a partition plate (32), the partition plates (32) are parallel to each other, adjacent two side walls of the frame (2) are fixedly provided with a clamping assembly (4) used for clamping the connecting frame (3), and the clamping assemblies (4) and the connecting frames (3) are arranged on different sides of the frame (2). The clamping assembly (4) comprises positioning plates (41), clamping plates (42) and limiting plates (43), the positioning plates (41), the clamping plates (42) and the limiting plates (43) are provided with two, one side of the positioning plate (41) is fixedly connected with the frame (2), the upper surface of the positioning plate (41) is fixedly connected with the panel layer (1), the positioning plates (41) are parallel to each other, two clamping plates (42) are fixedly connected with the panel layer (1), the clamping plates (42) are parallel to the positioning plates (41), the two clamping plates (42) are arranged between the two positioning plates (41), the clamping plates (42) are made of elastic material, a clamping block (421) is fixedly arranged on one side of the clamping plate (42) facing the positioning plate (41), the side of the clamping block (421) away from the clamping plate (42) is provided as an inclined surface, two limiting plates (43) are arranged between the two clamping plates (42), the limiting plates (43) are parallel to the clamping plates (42), the limiting plates (43) are fixedly connected with the panel layer (1), and the widths of the clamping plates (42) and the limiting plates (43) are less than the width of the connecting frame (3).

2. The upper and lower composite integrated suspension floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing rod (12) is arranged between the two limiting plates (43), and one end of the reinforcing rod (12) is fixedly connected with the panel layer (1).

3. The upper and lower composite integrated suspension floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two guide rods (5) are fixedly arranged on one side of the positioning plate (41) facing the clamping plate (42), one end of the guide rod (5) close to the panel layer (1) is fixedly connected with the panel layer (1), and the side of the guide rod (5) away from the panel layer (1) is provided as an inclined surface.

4. The upper and lower composite integrated levitating floor according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of connecting frames (3) and a plurality of clamping assemblies (4) are sequentially arranged along the side of the frame (2), a closed loop sleeve (13) is arranged between adjacent two connecting frames (3), the closed loop sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with the frame (2), clamping assemblies (6) used for clamping the closed loop sleeve (13) are arranged between adjacent clamping assemblies (4), and the clamping assemblies (6) and the closed loop sleeves (13) are one-to-one corresponding.

5. The upper and lower composite integrated suspension floor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (6) comprises a first clamping plate (61) and a second clamping plate (62), the first clamping plate (61) and the second clamping plate (62) are fixedly arranged on the panel layer (1), and the sides of the first clamping plate (61) and the second clamping plate (62) away from the panel layer (1) are provided as inclined surfaces.

6. The upper and lower composite integrated levitating floor according to claim 1, wherein: The frame (2) is internally provided with a plurality of first support plates (14) and a plurality of second support plates (15), the first support plates (14) and the second support plates (15) are uniformly distributed, the first support plates (14) are fixed between two adjacent side walls of the frame (2), the plurality of first support plates (14) are parallel to each other, the second support plates (15) are also fixed between two adjacent side walls of the frame (2), the second support plates (15) are parallel to each other, the first support plates (14) and the second support plates (15) are cross-connected, the first support plates (14) and the second support plates (15) are fixedly connected to the side close to the panel layer (1) and the panel layer (1), and the first support plates (14), the second support plates (15) and the frame (2) are all provided with water flow grooves (7) on the side away from the panel layer (1).

7. The upper and lower composite integrated suspension floor according to claim 1, wherein: The panel layer (1) is fixedly provided with a wear-resistant layer (8) on the side away from the frame (2).

8. The upper and lower composite integrated levitating floor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The panel layer (1) and the wear-resistant layer (8) are both provided with through holes (9), and the through holes (9) of the panel layer (1) and the wear-resistant layer (8) are overlapped.

Images