Transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe
By designing a transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe, the problems of coupling stability and maintenance of array probes on uneven concrete surfaces were solved, achieving efficient concrete defect detection and 3D full-focus imaging.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522422395.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing array probes suffer from poor coupling stability, inconvenient maintenance, and difficulty in adjusting the number of channels when detecting defects in concrete. They are also difficult to adapt to uneven concrete surfaces, resulting in distorted detection signals and short service life.
A transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe was designed, which uses multiple independent and movable single probes, combined with an elastic suspension and coupling monitoring device to ensure that the probes are in close contact with the concrete surface, and can be adapted to different detection needs by flexibly customizing the number of channels and frequency.
It enables efficient detection on uneven concrete surfaces, improves defect resolution and the effectiveness of detection signals, and reduces maintenance costs and equipment replacement frequency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223679133U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of ultrasonic detection, in particular to a transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of China's cities from "large-scale incremental construction" to "equally emphasizing stock quality improvement and incremental structural adjustment", a large number of old buildings, bridges and tunnels face the demand for updating and maintenance. As the core material of the above-mentioned projects, concrete is easily affected by load stress, environmental corrosion, material aging and other factors, and internal cracks, cavities, delamination and peeling defects are prone to occur. These defects can seriously weaken the structural performance and even cause collapse and other serious engineering accidents, resulting in significant economic losses and casualties. Therefore, accurate detection and evaluation of the damage state of concrete components is a key link to ensure engineering quality and safety.
[0003] Non-destructive testing technology is the core means to realize concrete defect detection, and its core advantage is to detect internal defects and performance parameters without damaging the integrity of the building structure. Among them, the acoustic detection method has become one of the mainstream technologies for concrete detection due to its high detection efficiency, large penetration depth, strong anti-metal / temperature interference ability and no radiation risk. However, due to the complex internal structure, non-uniformity and anisotropy of concrete materials, traditional single-channel acoustic detection methods have low resolution and fuzzy defect positioning. Array focusing imaging detection technology can significantly improve the defect detection resolution through multi-channel signal cooperative acquisition and focusing processing, and has become the development trend of the industry.
[0004] The "Technical Specification for Ultrasonic Detection of Concrete Defects" (T / CECS 21-2024) published by the China Engineering Construction Standardization Association has been officially implemented since May 1, 2025. The specification clearly introduces "array ultrasonic method" and requires it to comply with the provisions of Appendix B of "Standard for Detection of Fabricated Concrete Structures" (T / CECS 1189-2022), providing a standard basis for the application of array ultrasonic detection technology. However, existing array probes still have the shortcomings of poor coupling stability and inconvenience of maintenance and expansion. Existing probes are difficult to adapt to rough and uneven concrete surfaces, and may cause detection signal distortion due to poor fitting. At the same time, the non-modular design makes it difficult to adjust the number of channels, and the cable is easily broken due to stress concentration or pulling, resulting in short service life. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe. This transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe can contact and detect uneven concrete surfaces, has strong adaptability, and can realize 3D full-focusing imaging detection of internal defects of concrete.
[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
[0007] A transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe comprises a shell, a circuit interface plate, a bottom cover and a plurality of single probes, the shell is provided with an inner cavity with an opening downward, the circuit interface plate is installed in the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom cover is installed at the bottom of the shell and covers the opening, the bottom cover is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a rectangular array, the number of the mounting holes is the same as that of the single probes and they are one-to-one corresponding; the signal output end of the single probe is electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the circuit interface plate; characterized in that the transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe further comprises a plurality of probe upper sleeves, the number of the probe upper sleeves is the same as that of the mounting holes and they are one-to-one corresponding, the probe upper sleeves are installed on the corresponding mounting holes, and each single probe is movably arranged on the corresponding probe upper sleeve; the single probe is a transverse wave dry coupling point contact probe.
[0008] The above-mentioned dry-coupling point-contact active array probe can be flexibly customized according to detection requirements (such as concrete thickness, defect resolution) to have different channel numbers and different frequencies. When detecting concrete, the entire dry-coupling point-contact active array probe is first placed above the concrete to be detected; then, it is pressed down so that each single probe can be in contact with and detect the uneven concrete surface; finally, the detection data of each single probe is collected and processed by the circuit interface board. The single probe in the dry-coupling point-contact active array probe can be coupled with the concrete without coupling agent by using a dry-coupling point-contact (DPC) probe, and can work in a scene where coupling agent cannot be used (for example, various concrete detection scenes); and the contact area of a single probe with the concrete is small, which can adapt to the detection of complex curved surfaces, narrow gaps or special-shaped structures, such as thin members (such as floors) to thick members (such as bridge piers) and various rough and uneven concrete members. Generally, the core of the DPC probe is a new type of piezoelectric ceramic wafer (made of PZT-based composite ceramic material through special processes such as sintering and polarization), which can efficiently excite a shear wave in high-attenuation materials such as concrete (the sensitivity of a shear wave to interface defects is higher than that of a longitudinal wave, which improves the defect recognition accuracy); the center frequency of the wafer can be designed to be 50 kHz (adapted to thick concrete members, such as 3 m or more), 100 kHz (adapted to medium-thick members, 0.5 m-3 m) or 200 kHz (adapted to thin members, 0.5 m or less), to meet the requirements of different thicknesses of concrete for defect resolution; the detection end of the DPC probe adopts a point-contact ceramic wear-resistant head (made of 99% high-purity alumina ceramic, with a Vickers hardness of 1800-2000 HV), which can withstand the friction and wear of rough concrete surfaces; the rear end of the probe is equipped with an independent spring suspension (stainless steel material, with an elastic coefficient of 5 N / mm-10 N / mm), which compensates for the unevenness of the concrete surface through the elastic deformation of the spring, ensures that the probe is always in contact with the detection surface, and avoids coupling failure. Secondly, each single probe is independently movably arranged on the upper sleeve of the probe, which can ensure that each single probe can move independently and be in contact with the concrete surface when detecting, and when a single probe fails, only the failed single probe needs to be replaced, without the need to replace the entire device, thereby reducing maintenance costs.
[0009] Generally, the shell is also provided with a cover and an electric wire connected to an external power supply, and an M16 waterproof nut (with a protection level of IP67, which can adapt to a humid detection environment) is assembled at a position on the shell for extending the electric wire. A stainless steel spring (with an elastic coefficient of about 4 N / mm) is sleeved between the waterproof nut and the wire outlet.
[0010] In the preferred embodiment, the circuit interface board is rectangular, with tactile switches on the lower surface of each of its four corners. Each of the four tactile switches is positioned above the individual probe. The four tactile switches are connected in series, and their signal output terminals are electrically connected to the corresponding signal input terminals of the circuit interface board. To avoid invalid data acquisition due to incomplete probe contact, four series-connected tactile switches are embedded in the four corners of the array probe holder, forming a coupling monitoring device. When the operator applies pressure to the concrete surface, the DPC probes at the four corners, after being compressed to the correct position (compression stroke 2mm-5mm), will press their corresponding tactile switches, closing all four switches. Only then will a "coupling in place" signal be output, and the circuit interface board will initiate data acquisition, ensuring the validity of the acquired data.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the upper sleeve of the probe is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the mounting hole, and a through hole is formed on the upper sleeve of the probe. The single probe includes a probe body and a compression spring. Two elastic blocks are provided at the upper end of the probe body, and the positions of the two elastic blocks correspond to each other. The upper end of the probe body passes through the through hole, and the two elastic blocks engage with the through hole. A limiting ring is provided in the middle of the probe body. The compression spring is sleeved on the upper end of the probe body, and the upper end of the compression spring is connected to or in close contact with the inner wall of the upper sleeve of the probe, while the lower end of the compression spring is connected to or in close contact with the limiting ring. With this configuration, during testing, each probe body can compensate for the unevenness of the concrete surface under the elastic deformation of the compression spring, ensuring that the probe body always fits the testing surface and avoiding coupling failure.
[0012] In a further preferred embodiment, the upper sleeve of the probe is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the mounting hole via sound-insulating cotton. By using sound-insulating cotton, the propagation of ultrasonic waves within the housing can be reduced, decreasing acoustic crosstalk between probes. The sound-insulating cotton is typically bonded and fixed using epoxy resin adhesive. The sound-insulating cotton attenuates the propagation energy of ultrasonic waves in the bottom cover, while the adhesive further blocks the sound wave transmission path. The combined effect of these two elements reduces acoustic crosstalk between adjacent DPC probes, improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal by more than 20%.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe further includes two handles, which are respectively mounted on both sides of the outer surface of the housing.
[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the handle is provided with a switch wire and a button switch electrically connected with the switch wire, and the button switch is electrically connected with the signal input end of the circuit interface board through the switch wire. The handle not only serves as an operating handle, but also as a switch wire (reducing the number of cables and simplifying the structure); and two handles are respectively provided with button switches, a single switch can be independently used as a data acquisition trigger key, and two switches can be combined to realize different functions, such as detection mode (such as 2D / 3D switching), parameter calibration (such as gain adjustment), position reset and the like, thereby improving the operation convenience. Usually, the shell is made of 6061 aluminum alloy material subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, which can balance corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. In order to avoid short circuit between the handle and the shell, the connection part of the shell and the handle can be further subjected to insulation treatment through a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating sleeve (thickness: 1mm-2mm, breakdown voltage: ≥500V).
[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the circuit interface board is a PCBA integrated with an active LNA amplification circuit, an impedance matching circuit and a band-pass filter circuit designed according to the central frequency of the DPC probe. Such a PCBA can flexibly customize array probes with different channel numbers and different frequencies according to detection requirements (such as concrete thickness and defect resolution). Usually, each single probe is connected with the circuit interface board through a probe wire.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the number of mounting holes is 32, 48 or 64. The 32 / 48 / 64 dry-coupled point contact (DPC) probes facilitate flexible expansion and later use and maintenance.
[0017] The transverse wave dry-coupled point contact active array probe can be in contact with and detect the uneven concrete surface, has strong adaptability and can realize 3D full-focus imaging detection of internal defects of the concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a transverse wave dry-coupled point contact active array probe in the embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the transverse wave dry-coupled point contact active array probe in the embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a structural schematic view of a bottom cover in the embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of a circuit interface board, a bottom cover, a probe upper sleeve and four single probes in the embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 5The structure diagram of the probe body in the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The utility model will be further described in connection with the drawings and specific embodiments:
[0024] As Figures 1-5 A transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe shown in the figure, including shell 1, circuit interface board 2, bottom cover 3, multiple probe upper sleeve 4 and multiple single probe 5, shell 1 is equipped with the inner chamber of the opening downward, circuit interface board 2 is installed in the inner chamber of shell 1, bottom cover 3 is installed in the bottom of shell 1 and covers the opening, bottom cover 3 is equipped with multiple installation holes 301 arranged in rectangular matrix, the number of installation hole 301, probe upper sleeve 4 and single probe 5 is same and corresponds, probe upper sleeve 4 is installed on the corresponding installation hole 301, each single probe 5 is respectively arranged on probe upper sleeve 4 and can move up and down, single probe 5 adopts transverse wave dry coupling point contact probe, the signal output end of single probe 5 is electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of circuit interface board 2.
[0025] The above transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe can be flexibly customized according to the detection requirements (such as concrete thickness, defect resolution) to obtain an array probe with different channel numbers and different frequencies. When detecting concrete, the entire transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe is first placed above the concrete to be detected; then, the probe is pressed down so that each single probe 5 can be in contact with and detect the uneven concrete surface; finally, the detection data of each single probe 5 is collected and processed by the circuit interface board 2. The single probe 5 in the transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe can be coupled with the concrete without using a coupling agent by using a transverse wave dry coupling point contact (DPC) probe, and can work in a scene where a coupling agent cannot be used (for example, various concrete detection scenes). In addition, the contact area of a single single probe 5 with the concrete is small, and the single probe 5 can adapt to the detection of complex curved surfaces, narrow gaps, or special-shaped structures, such as various rough and uneven concrete members from thin members (such as floors) to thick members (such as bridge piers). Generally, the core of the DPC probe is a new type of piezoelectric ceramic wafer (made of PZT-based composite ceramic material and prepared through special processes such as sintering and polarization), which can efficiently excite transverse waves in high-attenuation materials such as concrete (the sensitivity of transverse waves to interface defects is higher than that of longitudinal waves, which improves the defect recognition accuracy). The center frequency of the wafer can be designed to be 50 kHz (adapted to thick concrete members, such as those with a thickness of more than 3 m), 100 kHz (adapted to medium-thick members, such as those with a thickness of 0.5 m to 3 m), or 200 kHz (adapted to thin members, such as those with a thickness of less than 0.5 m), to meet the requirements of different thicknesses of concrete for defect resolution. The detection end of the DPC probe adopts a point contact ceramic wear-resistant head (made of 99% high-purity alumina ceramic, with a Vickers hardness of 1800-2000 HV), which can withstand the friction and wear of rough concrete surfaces. The probe rear end is equipped with an independent spring suspension (stainless steel material, with an elastic coefficient of 5 N / mm-10 N / mm), which compensates for the unevenness of the concrete surface through the elastic deformation of the spring, ensures that the probe always adheres to the detection surface, and avoids coupling failure. In addition, each single probe 5 is independently and movably arranged on the upper sleeve 4 of the probe, so that each single probe 5 can move independently during detection, ensuring adhesion to the concrete surface, and when a single probe 5 fails, only the faulty single probe 5 needs to be replaced, without the need to replace the entire device, thereby reducing maintenance costs.
[0026] The shell 1 is also provided with a cover 6 and an electric wire connected to an external power supply (not shown in the figure), and an M16 waterproof nut (protection level IP67, suitable for humid detection environment) is assembled at the position of the shell 1 for extending the electric wire. A stainless steel spring (with an elastic coefficient of about 4 N / mm) is sleeved between the waterproof nut and the wire outlet end.
[0027] The circuit interface board 2 is rectangular, and the lower surfaces of the four top corners of the circuit interface board 2 are respectively provided with a tactile switch 201, and the four tactile switches 201 are respectively above the single probes 5; the four tactile switches 201 are connected in series, and the signal output end of the tactile switch 201 is electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the circuit interface board 2. In order to avoid invalid data collection caused by the probe not being attached in place, four series-connected tactile switches 201 are embedded in the four corners of the array probe holder, forming a coupling monitoring device: when the operator attaches the probe to the concrete surface and applies pressure, the DPC probes in the four corners will press the corresponding tactile switches 201 at the end after being compressed in place (compression stroke 2mm-5mm), so that the four tactile switches 201 are all closed; at this time, the “coupling in place” signal is output, and the circuit interface board 2 starts data collection, ensuring the validity of the collected data.
[0028] The probe upper sleeve 4 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the mounting hole 301, and a through hole is formed in the probe upper sleeve 4; the single probe 5 comprises a probe body and a compression spring (not shown in the figure), the upper end of the probe body is provided with two elastic clamping blocks 501, the positions of the two elastic clamping blocks 501 correspond to each other, the upper end of the probe body passes through the through hole, and the two elastic clamping blocks 501 are clamped on the through hole; a limiting ring 502 is arranged at the middle part of the probe body, the compression spring is sleeved on the upper end of the probe body, and the upper end of the compression spring is connected with or in close contact with the inner side wall of the probe upper sleeve 4, and the lower end of the compression spring is connected with or in close contact with the limiting ring 502. Through this arrangement, during detection, each probe body can compensate for the unevenness of the concrete surface under the elastic deformation of the compression spring, ensuring that the probe body always adheres to the detection surface and avoiding coupling failure.
[0029] The probe upper sleeve 4 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the mounting hole 301 through the sound insulation cotton. By arranging the sound insulation cotton, the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the shell can be reduced, and the cross talk of sound waves between the probes can be reduced. The sound insulation cotton is usually fixedly bonded by epoxy resin glue. The sound insulation cotton can attenuate the propagation energy of ultrasonic waves in the bottom cover 3, and the fixing glue further blocks the sound wave conduction path, and the two work together to reduce the cross talk of sound waves between adjacent DPC probes, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection signal is improved by more than 20%.
[0030] The transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe further comprises two handles 7, and the two handles 7 are respectively installed on the two sides of the outer surface of the shell 1.
[0031] The handle 7 is provided with a switch wire and a push button switch 701 electrically connected with the switch wire, and the push button switch 701 is electrically connected with the signal input end of the circuit interface board 2 through the switch wire. The handle 7 not only serves as an operation handle 7, but also serves as a switch wire (reducing the number of cables and simplifying the structure); and two handles 7 are respectively provided with the push button switch 701, a single switch can be independently used as a data acquisition trigger key, and two switches can also be combined to realize different functions, for example, used for detecting modes (such as 2D / 3D switching), parameter calibration (such as gain adjustment), position reset and the like, so as to improve the operation convenience. Usually, the shell 1 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy material subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, so as to have corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. In order to avoid short circuit between the handle 7 and the shell 1, the connection part of the shell 1 and the handle 7 can also be subjected to isolation treatment through a polytetrafluoroethylene insulating sleeve (thickness: 1mm-2mm, breakdown voltage: ≥500V).
[0032] The circuit interface board 2 is a PCBA integrated with an active LNA amplification circuit, an impedance matching circuit and a band-pass filter circuit designed according to the center frequency of the DPC probe. The PCBA can flexibly customize the array probe with different channel numbers and different frequencies according to the detection requirements (such as concrete thickness and defect resolution). Usually, each single probe 5 is connected with the circuit interface board 2 through a probe wire.
[0033] The number of mounting holes 301 is 32, 48 or 64. The 32 / 48 / 64 transverse wave dry coupling point contact (DPC) probes are convenient for flexible expansion and later use and maintenance.
Claims
1. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active array probe, comprising a shell, a circuit interface board, a bottom cover and a plurality of single probes, the shell is provided with an inner cavity with an opening downward, the circuit interface board is installed in the inner cavity of the shell; the bottom cover is installed at the bottom of the shell and covers the opening, the bottom cover is provided with a plurality of mounting holes arranged in a rectangular array, the number of the mounting holes is the same as that of the single probes and one-to-one corresponding; the signal output end of the single probe is electrically connected with the corresponding signal input end of the circuit interface board; characterized in that: The transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe further comprises a plurality of probe upper sleeves, the number of the probe upper sleeves is the same as that of the mounting holes and one-to-one corresponding, the probe upper sleeves are mounted on the corresponding mounting holes, and each single probe is movably arranged on the probe upper sleeve.
2. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit interface board is rectangular, the lower surfaces of four top corners of the circuit interface board are respectively provided with touch switches, and the four touch switches are respectively above the single probes.
3. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 1, wherein: The probe upper sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the mounting hole, and the probe upper sleeve is provided with a through hole; the single probe comprises a probe body and a compression spring, the upper end of the probe body is provided with two elastic clamping blocks corresponding in position, the upper end of the probe body passes through the through hole, and the two elastic clamping blocks are clamped on the through hole; the middle part of the probe body is provided with a limiting ring, the compression spring is sleeved on the upper end of the probe body, and the upper end of the compression spring is connected with or in close contact with the inner side wall of the probe upper sleeve, and the lower end of the compression spring is connected with or in close contact with the limiting ring.
4. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 3, wherein: The probe upper sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the mounting hole through the sound insulation cotton.
5. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 1, wherein: The transverse wave dry coupling point contact active array probe further comprises two handles, and the two handles are respectively mounted on the outer surfaces of the shell.
6. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 5, wherein: The handle is provided with a switch wire and a button switch electrically connected with the switch wire, and the button switch is electrically connected with the signal input end of the circuit interface board through the switch wire.
7. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit interface board is a PCBA integrated with an active LNA amplification circuit, an impedance matching circuit and a band-pass filter circuit designed according to the center frequency of the DPC probe.
8. A shear wave dry coupling point contact active matrix probe according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the mounting holes is 32, 48 or 64.