Tree pit structure for full-crown transplanting of trees

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of landscape greening, in particular to a tree pit structure for full-crown transplanting of trees. Comprising a tree pit body used for embedding tree soil balls, the bottom of the tree pit body is provided with a salt-isolating soil layer protruding upwards, an annular groove is formed between the salt-isolating soil layer and the side wall of the tree pit body, gravel layers are arranged in the groove and on the salt-isolating soil layer, the inner surface of the groove and the outer surface of the salt-isolating soil layer are connected to form a drainage face, and the drainage face is provided with a drainage hole. The drainage face is covered with geotechnical cloth, the tree pit body is filled with a planting soil layer, and a water pumping pipe upwards extending out of the planting soil layer is arranged in the annular groove. The problems of low survival rate and poor pulling resistance of full crown transplantation of trees are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of landscape greening, especially to a tree hole structure for full-crown transplanting of trees. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the construction of landscape, full-crown transplanting is widely used to promote the rapid formation of landscape. At present, in full-crown transplanting, nutrient solution is added on the surface of the soil layer to protect the nutrition of the tree roots. However, the nutrient solution penetrates slowly and is easy to accumulate on the upper part of the tree roots, making it difficult to reach the bottom of the tree roots, which results in poor absorption of the tree roots, seriously affecting the survival rate of the transplanted trees.

[0003] With the rapid development of modern urban construction, some greening projects need to be completed within a specific period, and thus have to be transplanted in the off-season. Landscape trees have formed a specific environment in the original habitat, and the transplanting will change this coordinated state. The trees have grown in the nursery for many years, and their crowns and root systems continue to expand. Even if a large soil ball is excavated, a large number of absorbing roots will still be cut off. Moreover, after the trees grow mature, the root regeneration ability is weakened, affecting the balance of water and moisture, and reducing the survival rate of planting. The new roots of the trees have weak penetration ability, and are easy to shrink and die in the soil environment blocked by accumulated water after precipitation. Moreover, because the regeneration ability of the transplanted trees is weakened, the trees have poor anti-pulling ability. These problems need to be solved to improve the survival rate and anti-pulling ability of full-crown transplanting of trees. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In order to solve the problems of low survival rate and poor anti-pulling ability of the transplanted trees due to the weakened regeneration ability of the trees, the utility model provides a tree hole structure for full-crown transplanting of trees.

[0005] The utility model provides a tree hole structure for full-crown transplanting of trees, which comprises a tree hole body for burying a soil ball of a tree, a salt-blocking soil layer upwardly protruding from the bottom of the tree hole body, an annular groove between the salt-blocking soil layer and the side wall of the tree hole body, a gravel layer on the annular groove and the salt-blocking soil layer, a drainage surface formed by connecting the inner surface of the annular groove and the outer surface of the salt-blocking soil layer, a geotextile covering the drainage surface, a planting soil layer filled in the tree hole body, and a water pumping pipe upwardly extending out of the planting soil layer and arranged in the annular groove.

[0006] Further, a water injection device is arranged in the tree hole body, the water injection device comprises an annular frame, a plurality of conveying pipes arranged circumferentially along the annular frame, the conveying pipes downwardly extend in the planting soil layer, the conveying pipes upwardly extend out of the planting soil layer, the lower end of the conveying pipe is formed in a sealing manner, the upper end of the conveying pipe is provided with a movable cover plate, and a plurality of liquid outlet through holes are arranged on the lower part of the conveying pipe.

[0007] Further, a fertilizer layer with an intermediate upward protrusion is arranged on the gravel layer, and the thickness of the protruding part is 10-15 cm.

[0008] Further, the fertilizer layer is laid between the planting soil layer and the sponge strip.

[0009] Further, the top of the planting soil layer is provided with a breathable cover layer, and the circumferential side of the soil ball is provided with a gravel breathable strip which extends out of the breathable cover layer.

[0010] Further, the lengths of the conveying pipes are inconsistent, the upper ends of the conveying pipes are further formed with liquid inlets, and the movable cover plates are arranged on the top of the liquid inlets.

[0011] Further, the circumferential side of the annular frame is provided with a plurality of planting plates which are connected to form a downwardly open cavity structure, the cavity structure is in a horn shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, the soil ball is contained in the cavity structure, and the planting plates are formed with mesh holes for root winding.

[0012] Further, the circumferential side of the annular frame is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, the positioning holes are fixedly installed with downwardly extending anchor rods, and the side surface of the anchor rod is provided with a plurality of barbs.

[0013] Further, the temporary cofferdams are arranged around the outer circumferential side of the tree hole body, and the height of the temporary cofferdams is 10-15 cm.

[0014] Further, a plurality of above-ground support rods are arranged on the ground outside the tree hole body, one end of the above-ground support rod is inserted into the ground, and the other end is bound and fixed with the trunk of the tree.

[0015] In summary, the tree hole structure for tree full-crown transplanting has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. The tree hole structure for tree full-crown transplanting has many advantages, the salt isolation soil layer at the bottom of the tree hole can effectively prevent the adverse effects of soil salinization on the root system of the tree, and create a suitable soil environment for the growth of the tree, the annular groove between the salt isolation soil layer and the side wall and the gravel layer arranged inside can play a good drainage role, avoid the accumulation of water in the tree hole, and prevent the root system from shrinking and necrosis in the waterlogged environment, on the other hand, the drainage surface and the geotextile arranged thereon can guide the water to flow into the annular groove along the inclined surface of the salt isolation layer, and the excess water can be pumped out through the water pump, so as to prevent the accumulation of water, and when the soil is dry, the water accumulated in the annular groove can supplement the soil humidity, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate of the tree transplanting.

[0017] 2.The tree hole structure for whole crown transplanting of trees, the plurality of conveying pipes of the water injection device arranged in the tree hole are of different lengths and are reasonably distributed in the planting soil layer, the liquid outlet through hole at the lower part can release the nutrient solution or water in the root area at different depths, avoids the problem that the traditional nutrient solution is accumulated in the surface layer and cannot reach the roots, better meets the demand of the tree roots for water and nutrients, promotes the growth and development of the trees, and further improves the survival rate after transplanting.

[0018] 3.The fertilizer layer with an upward protruding middle part arranged on the gravel layer can provide sustained fertility support for the growth of the trees, the sponge strip between the fertilizer layer and the planting soil layer can play a buffering and water and fertilizer retaining role, reduces the loss of fertilizer and keeps the soil humidity stable, the air permeable covering layer at the top of the planting soil layer and the gravel air permeable strip around the soil ball can effectively enhance the air permeability of the soil, prevent the soil from being hardened, provide good conditions for the respiration of the roots, and are beneficial to the healthy growth of the roots and the germination of new roots.

[0019] 4.The cavity structure formed by the planting plate in the circumferential direction of the annular frame can stably support the soil ball, the mesh hole is convenient for the roots to grow by winding, and promotes the trees to better take root and fix in the tree hole. The positioning hole and the anchor rod with barbs arranged on the annular frame enhance the pullout resistance of the trees, effectively solve the problems of weakened regeneration ability and poor pullout resistance of the trees after transplanting, and enable the trees to grow more stably in the new environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a tree hole structure for whole crown transplanting of trees according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in the embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1

[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a water injection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a conveying pipe according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of a planting plate according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] ​Wherein, 1, soil ball; 2, tree hole body; 3, salt separation layer; 4, gravel layer; 5, geotextile; 6, planting soil layer; 7, annular groove; 8, water pump; 9, annular frame; 10, conveying pipe; 11, movable cover plate; 12, liquid outlet through hole; 13, fertilizer layer; 14, sponge strip; 15, gravel air permeable strip; 16, air permeable cover layer; 17, liquid inlet hopper; 18, planting plate; 19, mesh; 20, anchor rod; 21, barb; 22, temporary cofferdam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The utility model will be made further detailed description in combination with the drawings.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Refer to Figure 1 And Figure 2 The tree hole structure of the tree full crown transplanting of the embodiment, including the tree hole body 2 for burying the soil ball 1 of tree, the bottom of the tree hole body 2 is equipped with the salt separation layer 3 that rises upwards, the salt separation layer 3 and the lateral wall between the tree hole body 2 annular groove 7, the annular groove 7 in and the salt separation layer 3 on be equipped with gravel layer 4, the inner surface of the annular groove 7 and the outer surface of the salt separation layer 3 are connected to form a drainage surface, the drainage surface is covered with geotextile 5, the tree hole body 2 is filled with planting soil layer 6, the annular groove 7 is equipped with the water pump 8 that extends upwards out of the planting soil layer 6.

[0029] The salt separation layer 3 is made of salt separation particles. The salt separation particles are made of large-grained sand, furnace ash, straw, wheat chaff, sawdust or bark, with a particle size of 2-5 mm, which can adsorb salt in the soil. The salt separation layer 3 is integrally raised upward in a circular arc shape, with a raised height of about 15-30 cm. This shape helps to build a relatively independent salt separation space at the bottom of the tree hole, ensuring that the tree roots are not affected by soil salt, preventing root water loss or other physiological dysfunction caused by high salt, and is especially suitable for tree species such as landscape black pine that are sensitive to soil salt, providing reliable protection for their growth in different soil environments.

[0030] The annular groove 7 is designed with a width of 25 cm and a depth of 18 cm, which provides sufficient space to accommodate the gravel layer 4. The inner surface of the annular groove 7 is smoothly connected with the outer surface of the salt separation layer 3 to form a drainage surface, which facilitates smooth water flow to the gravel layer 4. The geotextile 5 laid on the drainage surface is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material with good water permeability, which can effectively block the upward movement of salt while allowing normal water penetration, and further guide the uniform dispersion of water flow to avoid local water accumulation causing erosion damage to the roots.

[0031] In the annular groove 7, the gravel layer 4 is used to retain excess moisture, when the soil is dry, the soil humidity is supplemented by the accumulated water in the annular groove 7, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate of tree transplantation.

[0032] Referring to Figure 2 , the water injection device is arranged in the tree hole body 2, the water injection device comprises an annular frame 9, a plurality of conveying pipes 10 arranged along the circumference of the annular frame 9, the conveying pipes 10 extend downward in the planting soil layer 6, the conveying pipes 10 extend upward out of the planting soil layer 6, the lower end of the conveying pipes 10 is formed with a sealing portion, the upper end of the conveying pipes 10 is provided with a movable cover plate 11, and the lower part of the conveying pipes 10 is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet holes 12.

[0033] The annular frame 9 is made of steel, and the outer diameter of the annular frame 9 is 0.6 times the inner diameter of the tree hole, which is convenient for installation and fixation in the appropriate position in the tree hole. The annular frame 9 is uniformly distributed with 6 conveying pipes 10 along the circumference, and the conveying pipes 10 are made of high-strength engineering plastic. The diameter of the pipe can not only ensure the stable conveying flow of nutrient solution or water, but also will not occupy too much root space.

[0034] The lower end of the conveying pipe 10 is sealed to ensure that the liquid can only flow out from the lower liquid outlet hole 12. The liquid outlet holes 12 are distributed along the lower part of the conveying pipe 10, and the length of the conveying pipe 10 is different according to the depth of the tree hole, so as to cover different depth levels of tree roots and realize water and nutrient supply at different depths. The movable cover plate 11 at the top of the liquid inlet hopper 17 is connected with the liquid inlet hopper 17 through a hinge, which can be flexibly opened and closed, and effectively prevents foreign matter from falling into the conveying pipe 10 to cause blockage during non-water injection period.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 , the fertilizer layer 13 is arranged on the gravel layer 4 and protrudes upward.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1 , the sponge strip 14 is arranged between the fertilizer layer 13 and the planting soil layer 6.

[0037] The fertilizer layer 13 is mixed by slow-release compound fertilizer and organic compost, and the fertilizer layer 13 is conical and protrudes upward in the middle. The height of the protruding part is 12 cm. This shape can make the fertilizer nutrients evenly spread around by the action of water flow when it rains or irrigates, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, and reduce the loss of fertilizer.

[0038] The sponge strip 14 is made of polyurethane sponge with high water absorption, and the width is the same as the inner diameter of the tree hole. The sponge strip 14 is arranged between the fertilizer layer 13 and the planting soil layer 6, and relies on its excellent water absorption and water retention to absorb and store a large amount of water when the soil moisture is sufficient, prevent the fertilizer from flowing away quickly with water, maintain the relative stability of soil humidity, and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients in the fertilizer by the roots.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 , the top of the planting soil layer 6 is provided with a breathable cover layer 16, and the circumferential side of the soil ball 1 is provided with a gravel breathable strip 15 which extends upwards out of the breathable cover layer 16.

[0040] The breathable cover layer 16 is made of coconut husk and sawdust mixed in a ratio of 1:1, with a thickness of 6 cm. The coconut husk has good air permeability and water retention, and the sawdust can increase the porosity and organic matter content of the cover layer. After mixing, it can not only effectively reduce the evaporation of soil surface water and maintain suitable soil humidity, but also ensure the free entry and exit of air into the soil and prevent soil compaction. In the summer high temperature period, the breathable cover layer 16 can also play a role in heat insulation, reducing the temperature of the soil surface layer, protecting the root system from high temperature burns, and providing a relatively stable temperature and humidity environment for the growth of tree roots.

[0041] The gravel breathable strip 15 is made of round river stones with a particle size of 1-2 cm filled in a nylon mesh bag. The gravel breathable strip 15 surrounds the circumferential side of the soil ball 1 and extends upwards out of the breathable cover layer 16 by about 5 cm. It not only enhances the air permeability around the soil ball 1 and promotes the normal operation of root respiration, but also plays a certain supporting and fixing role for the soil ball 1, preventing the soil ball 1 from shifting or sinking in the tree hole.

[0042] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the lengths of the conveying pipes 10 are not consistent, and the upper ends of the conveying pipes 10 are further formed with liquid inlet hoppers 17, and the movable cover plates 11 are arranged on the top of the liquid inlet hoppers 17.

[0043] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the circumferential side of the annular frame 9 is provided with a plurality of planting plates 18, and the plurality of planting plates 18 are connected to form a downwardly open cavity structure, the cavity structure is in a horn shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, the soil ball 1 is accommodated in the cavity structure, and the planting plate 18 is formed with a mesh hole 19 for root winding.

[0044] Referring to Figure 3 , the circumferential side of the annular frame 9 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the positioning holes are fixedly installed with downwardly extending anchor rods 20, and the side surface of the anchor rod 20 is provided with a plurality of barbs 21.

[0045] The planting plate 18 is made of high-density polyethylene plastic plate, which has good flexibility and anti-aging performance. A plurality of planting plates 18 form a cavity structure through a clamping slot and buckle connection mode. The planting plate 18 is uniformly distributed with a circular mesh 19, which ensures that the tree root system can smoothly pass through the mesh 19 and be fixed in the mesh 19 during growth. As the tree grows, the root system gradually penetrates through the mesh 19 and penetrates into the planting soil layer 6, and is closely combined with the soil, further enhancing the stability of the tree in the tree hole.

[0046] The annular frame 9 is uniformly provided with three positioning holes in the circumferential direction, and one anchor rod 20 is installed in each positioning hole. The anchor rod 20 is uniformly welded with barbs 21 on the side surface. After the anchor rod 20 is inserted into the soil, the barbs 21 are tightly engaged with the soil, greatly increasing the friction and adhesion between the anchor rod 20 and the soil, firmly fixing the annular frame 9 at the bottom of the tree hole, and effectively enhancing the anti-pulling ability of the tree. Even in severe weather conditions such as strong winds and heavy rains, the tree can remain stable in the tree hole, reducing the risk of tree lodging.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1 The tree hole body 2 is provided with a temporary cofferdam 22 on the outside of the circumferential side. The height of the temporary cofferdam 22 is 10-15 cm.

[0048] A plurality of above-ground support rods are provided on the ground outside the tree hole body 2. One end of the above-ground support rod is inserted into the ground, and the other end is bound and fixed with the trunk of the tree.

[0049] In the early stage of tree transplantation, especially in seasons or regions with more rainfall, the temporary cofferdam 22 can effectively block a large amount of rainwater from flowing into the tree hole, preventing excessive water accumulation in the tree hole from damaging the tree root system. The above-ground support rod can be made of a thin wooden rod, and three rods are generally provided and bound by iron wire. The above-ground support rod provides auxiliary support to the tree from the ground, effectively sharing the lateral force generated by the tree due to factors such as crown weight and wind force, ensuring that the tree can grow straight after transplantation, and improving the growth stability of the tree after transplantation.

[0050] Through the cooperation of each component in the tree hole improvement structure of the embodiment and each other, the tree hole structure for full crown transplantation of the tree can fully meet the growth needs of the tree after transplantation, effectively solve the problems of weakened regenerative ability, low survival rate and poor anti-pulling ability of the tree after transplantation, and provide an efficient and reliable solution for tree transplantation in landscape construction.

[0051] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in structure, shape and principle according to the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tree hole structure for full crown transplanting of a tree, characterized by, The application relates to a tree hole body (2) for burying a tree soil ball (1), the bottom of the tree hole body (2) is provided with a salt-resistant layer (3) which is upwardly convex, an annular groove (7) is arranged between the salt-resistant layer (3) and the side wall of the tree hole body (2), a gravel layer (4) is arranged in the annular groove (7) and on the salt-resistant layer (3), the inner surface of the annular groove (7) and the outer surface of the salt-resistant layer (3) are connected to form a drainage surface, the drainage surface is covered with a geotextile (5), the tree hole body (2) is filled with a planting soil layer (6), and a water pumping pipe (8) which extends upwardly out of the planting soil layer (6) is arranged in the annular groove (7). A water injection device is arranged in the tree hole body (2), the water injection device comprises an annular frame (9) and a plurality of conveying pipes (10) which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular frame (9), the conveying pipes (10) extend downwardly in the planting soil layer (6), the conveying pipes (10) extend upwardly out of the planting soil layer (6), the lower end of the conveying pipes (10) is formed into a sealing part, the upper end of the conveying pipes (10) is provided with a movable cover plate (11), and the lower part of the conveying pipes (10) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlet through holes (12).

2. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 1, wherein An intermediate fertilizer layer (13) which is upwardly convex is arranged on the gravel layer (4), and the thickness of the convex part is 10-15 cm.

3. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 2, wherein A sponge strip (14) is arranged between the fertilizer layer (13) and the planting soil layer (6).

4. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 3, wherein The top of the planting soil layer (6) is provided with a breathable cover layer (16), and the circumferential side of the soil ball (1) is provided with a gravel breathable strip (15) which extends upwardly out of the breathable cover layer (16).

5. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 4, wherein The lengths of the conveying pipes (10) are inconsistent, the upper end of the conveying pipes (10) is further formed into a liquid inlet hopper (17), and the movable cover plate (11) is arranged on the top of the liquid inlet hopper (17).

6. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 2, wherein A plurality of planting plates (18) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular frame (9), the planting plates (18) are connected to form a downwardly open cavity structure, the cavity structure is in a trumpet shape which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the soil ball (1) is arranged in the cavity structure, and the planting plates (18) are formed with mesh holes (19) for root winding.

7. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 6, wherein A plurality of positioning holes are arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular frame (9), downwardly extending anchor rods (20) are fixedly arranged in the positioning holes, and a plurality of barbs (21) are arranged on the side surface of the anchor rods (20).

8. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 7, wherein A temporary cofferdam (22) is arranged around the circumferential side of the outside of the tree hole body (2).

9. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of above-ground supporting rods are arranged on the ground outside the tree hole body (2), one end of the above-ground supporting rods is inserted into the ground, and the other end of the above-ground supporting rods is fixedly connected with the trunk of a tree.

10. The tree pit structure for whole crown transplanting of a tree according to claim 1, wherein ​

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