Ball screw end face machining machine tool
By using precise positioning technology with magnetic scales and digital displays, combined with servo motor-driven ball screw pairs and modular design, the problems of overall length accuracy and processing efficiency in ball screw machining have been solved, achieving efficient and high-precision ball screw end face machining.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520236969.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-14
AI Technical Summary
In the current ball screw manufacturing process, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the total length after cutting, and the lathe processing efficiency is low, making it difficult to achieve high-precision end face machining.
The system employs a magnetic scale mechanism and digital display screen in conjunction with a three-jaw chuck and a ball screw pair driven by a servo motor to achieve precise workpiece positioning and efficient processing. It also features a modular design to accommodate workpieces of different diameters and lengths.
It achieves high-precision machining of the ball screw end face, reduces trial cutting and adjustment time, improves production efficiency, reduces scrap rate, and supports multi-variety, small-batch production.
Smart Images
Figure CN223718369U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to screw processing technical field, especially a ball screw end face processing machine tool. BACKGROUND
[0002] Ball screw is an important part in machine tool, generally used for high-precision or high-speed linear reciprocating motion occasion. The whole material of the ball screw is 4 meters long at present, and needs to be cut into short material according to the use requirement. At present, it is generally cut off by artificial toothless saw bed. The current ball screw processing flow is cutting-off-annealing-ordinary lathe machining shaft end (including total length).
[0003] The screw is cut off on the toothless saw, and the cut-off screw needs to be turned on the lathe to ensure the total length of the screw due to the low precision of the toothless saw bed. Since the single sequence time of the lathe is relatively long when machining the shaft end of the screw, and it is not convenient to measure the total length of the ball screw on the lathe, the length of the ball screw needs to be measured before processing, and the excess length is turned according to the drawing length, so that the total length precision is not easy to guarantee. Therefore, the present processing technology is changed to cutting-off-annealing-machining end face (total length)-ordinary lathe machining shaft end (not including total length). A certain amount of excess length is left after cutting, and then the end face processing equipment is needed to remove the excess length of both ends. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The utility model aims at providing a ball screw end face processing machine tool to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] Technical scheme: a ball screw end face processing machine tool, comprising: a bed body and a tailstock, a feeding mechanism is arranged on the bed body, a milling cutter mechanism is arranged on the feeding mechanism, a three-jaw chuck is fixedly installed on the tailstock or the bed body, and the tailstock is provided with a supporting mechanism for supporting the tail part of a workpiece.
[0006] Further, the tailstock comprises a support frame, a sliding rail is arranged on the support frame, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding rail, and the supporting mechanism is installed on the sliding block.
[0007] Further, a magnetic scale mechanism is installed on the tailstock.
[0008] Further, the magnetic scale mechanism comprises: a magnetic head, the magnetic head is installed on the sliding block through a connecting plate, and a magnetic scale is arranged on the sliding rail.
[0009] Further, a digital display screen for displaying the position of the supporting mechanism is installed on the bed body or the support frame.
[0010] Further, the supporting mechanism comprises a mounting base, the mounting base is arranged on the sliding block, and a positioning plate is arranged on the mounting base.
[0011] Further, the feeding mechanism comprises a flat plate, the flat plate is installed on the bed through a ball screw pair and a flat plate guide rail, a milling cutter mechanism and a driving mechanism for driving the ball screw pair are arranged on the flat plate.
[0012] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a servo motor, the servo motor is installed on the bed through a motor frame, a large belt pulley is arranged on a screw rod of the ball screw pair, a small belt pulley is arranged on an output end of the servo motor, and the large belt pulley and the small belt pulley are driven through a belt.
[0013] Further, the milling cutter mechanism comprises a main shaft motor, the main shaft motor is installed on the bed, a main shaft mechanism is arranged on the bed, the main shaft motor is connected with an input end of the main shaft mechanism through a shaft coupling, and a disc milling cutter is arranged on an output end of the main shaft mechanism.
[0014] Further, the main shaft mechanism comprises a main shaft, the main shaft is installed in a main machine shell through two bearings, a spacer sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, the spacer sleeve is arranged between the two bearings, bearing end covers are arranged at both ends of the main shaft, a shaft sleeve is arranged at one end of the main shaft connected with the disc milling cutter, and the shaft sleeve is locked through a locking nut.
[0015] Beneficial effects: the cooperation of the three-jaw chuck and the supporting mechanism ensures the accurate positioning of the workpiece, and the cooperation of the knob gear switch and the servo motor program can realize the fixing of the workpiece with different diameters and the processing of the starting point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 is the internal structure schematic view of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 is the magnetic scale mechanism installation position schematic view of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 is the main shaft mechanism structure schematic view of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 4 is the different diameter workpiece adjusting position schematic view of the utility model.
[0020] The reference signs are: bed body 1, feeding mechanism 2, flat plate 21, ball screw pair 22, flat plate guide rail 23, driving mechanism 24, servo motor 241, motor frame 242, large belt pulley 243, small belt pulley 244, milling cutter mechanism 3, main shaft motor 31, main shaft mechanism 32, main shaft 321, bearing 322, main machine shell 323, spacer sleeve 324, bearing end cover 325, shaft sleeve 326, locking nut 327, shaft coupling 33, disc milling cutter 34, tailstock 4, support frame 41, slide rail 42, sliding block 43, support mechanism 5, mounting base 51, positioning plate 52, three-jaw chuck 6, magnetic scale mechanism 7, magnetic head 71, connecting plate 72, magnetic scale 73, digital display screen 74, knob switch 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the application. However, it will be apparent that the application can be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known techniques have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the application.
[0022] As Figure 1 and Figure 4The ball screw end face processing machine tool shown, including: the bed 1 and tailstock 4, the feed mechanism 2 is provided on the bed 1, the milling cutter mechanism 3 is provided on the feed mechanism 2, the three-jaw chuck 6 is fixedly installed on the tailstock 4 or the bed 1, and the tailstock 4 is provided with a supporting mechanism 5 for supporting the tail of the workpiece. The tailstock 4 includes a support frame 41, the slide rail 42 is provided on the support frame 41, the slide block 43 is provided on the slide rail 42, and the supporting mechanism 5 is installed on the slide block 43. The magnetic scale mechanism 7 is installed on the tailstock 4. The magnetic scale mechanism 7 includes: the magnetic head 71 is installed on the slide block 43 through the connecting plate 72, and the magnetic scale 73 is provided on the slide rail 42. The digital display screen 74 for displaying the position of the supporting mechanism 5 is installed on the bed 1 or the support frame 41. The supporting mechanism 5 includes an installation base 51, the installation base 51 is arranged on the slide block 43, and the positioning plate 52 is arranged on the installation base 51. The feed mechanism 2 includes the flat plate 21, the ball screw pair 22 and the flat plate guide rail 23 are installed on the bed 1, the milling cutter mechanism 3 and the driving mechanism 24 for driving the ball screw pair 22 to work are arranged on the flat plate 21. The driving mechanism 24 includes: the servo motor 241 is installed on the bed 1 through the motor frame 242, the large belt pulley 243 is arranged on the screw of the ball screw pair 22, the output end of the servo motor 241 is provided with the small belt pulley 244, and the large belt pulley 243 and the small belt pulley 244 are driven through the belt. The milling cutter mechanism 3 includes: the main shaft motor 31 is installed on the bed 1, the main shaft mechanism 32 is arranged on the bed 1, the main shaft motor 31 is connected with the input end of the main shaft mechanism 32 through the shaft coupling 33, and the disc milling cutter 34 is arranged at the output end of the main shaft mechanism 32. The main shaft mechanism 32 includes: the main shaft 321 is installed in the main machine shell 323 through two bearings 322, the spacer sleeve 324 is sleeved on the main shaft 321, the spacer sleeve 324 is arranged between the two bearings 322, the main shaft 321 is provided with the bearing end cover 325 at both ends, the end of the main shaft 321 connected with the disc milling cutter 34 is provided with the shaft sleeve 326 and locked through the locking nut 327, and the rotary switch 8 is further included. The bed 1 or the support frame is provided with the rotary switch 8, the rotary switch 8 provides a plurality of different electrical signals for the control module, is used for storing the initial position information of different disc milling cutters, the magnetic scale 73 is embedded on the end face or the side face of the slide rail 42, and the end face of the magnetic scale 73 is lower than the end face of the slide rail 42.
[0023] Before processing the workpiece, the slide 43 is moved according to the length of the workpiece, the magnetic head 71 is driven to slide, and the distance to be moved is displayed through the digital screen 74. After moving the distance, the end of the workpiece is tightly attached to the positioning plate 52 to complete the positioning. Then, after locking the three-jaw chuck 6, the switch is started to process the workpiece. After processing one end, the other end is processed to ensure the total length of the workpiece. For example, the drawing of the workpiece requires a total length of L, and the total length of the workpiece after being cut by the toothless saw is L+4mm. When the disc cutter processes the first end, the magnetic scale is moved to L+2mm, and when the other end is processed, the magnetic scale is moved to L.
[0024] To adjust different diameter workpieces: because the ball screw has many specifications, the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter differ greatly, and if the servo motor's starting point is fixed, a certain distance needs to be walked when processing small workpieces, which wastes processing time. In order to realize the same starting point of different diameter workpieces, the knob switch is selected to cooperate with the servo motor through programming. Before processing, the knob switch is adjusted to the corresponding gear position, so that the disc cutter and the workpiece have a fixed distance from the starting point before processing. The scale on the knob switch corresponds to the initial position of the disc cutter, which belongs to the existing technology in the numerical control field and will not be described here.
[0025] The application of the magnetic scale mechanism 7 and the digital display screen 74 is one of the key factors for modern CNC machine tools to achieve high precision machining. The magnetic scale is a sensor that measures position based on magnetic field changes. It consists of a magnetic scale 73 fixed on the slide rail 42 and a magnetic head 71 installed on the slide block 43. When the slide block moves, the magnetic head detects the change in the magnetic field and transmits the signal to the control system through the signal line. The system decodes the signal and calculates the precise position information. This non-contact measurement method not only reduces the error caused by wear and tear, but also maintains extremely high resolution in high-speed motion, usually up to microns. The digital display screen displays the position of the support mechanism 5 in real time, allowing operators to visually monitor the position changes during processing and ensure the accuracy of the workpiece end face machining. In addition, high-precision positioning also means that the time for trial cutting adjustment can be reduced, improving production efficiency and reducing waste rates, which is particularly important for mass production. In summary, through the combination of the magnetic scale mechanism and the digital display screen, the ball screw end face machining machine tool realizes precise control of the workpiece, meeting the demand for high-quality products in the precision manufacturing industry. The flexibility in the design of the ball screw end face machining machine tool is reflected in its ability to support workpieces of different lengths and shapes. The combination of the slide rail 42 and the slide block 43 on the tailstock 4 allows the support mechanism 5 to move freely along the axis according to actual needs, thereby adapting to workpieces of various sizes. In particular, for parts such as ball screws with a large range of lengths, this function is particularly critical. Furthermore, the three-jaw chuck 6 as a clamping device can be automatically or manually adjusted according to the diameter of the workpiece, further enhancing the adaptability of the machine tool. In addition, the design of the feed mechanism 2 and the flat plate guide rail 23 also takes into account the rapid response capability under different processing requirements, such as choosing a larger feed speed in the rough machining stage to improve efficiency and slowing down the speed in the finishing stage to ensure surface finish. Such flexibility not only improves the utilization rate of a single machine tool, but also provides strong support for multi-variety and small-batch production modes. Overall, the flexible structural design enables this machine tool to handle diverse machining tasks without changing the main structure, greatly expanding its application field. The ball screw pair 22 driven by the servo motor 241 is the core component that improves the automation level of the ball screw end face machining machine tool. Servo motors are known for their high precision, fast response, and good dynamic characteristics, and they can receive instructions from the numerical control system and accurately perform corresponding actions. Specifically, the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate through the belt drive, and then pushes the flat plate 21 and the milling cutter mechanism 3 on it to move along the predetermined path, completing the machining of the workpiece. Compared with traditional hydraulic or pneumatic drive methods, the electric drive scheme provided by the servo motor has higher positioning accuracy and better controllability. In addition, the servo motor can be tightly integrated with the numerical control system to realize closed-loop control, that is, through the feedback mechanism, the deviation between the actual position and the set value is constantly corrected to ensure that each machining can achieve the expected effect.More importantly, with the development of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), these smart devices can be connected through the network to form a smart production system, allowing managers to monitor the working status of machine tools at any time and anywhere, optimize production scheduling, and reduce operating costs. Therefore, the introduction of servo motor-driven ball screw pairs has significantly improved the automation level of machine tools, laying a solid foundation for intelligent manufacturing. The design of the spindle mechanism 32 is directly related to whether the ball screw end face machining machine tool can provide stable cutting performance. As the key component that transmits power to the disc cutter 34, the spindle 321 must have sufficient rigidity and stability. To this end, engineers carefully selected two bearings 322 to support the spindle, which are located at both ends of the spindle, forming a stable support structure. To prevent unnecessary radial deviation of the spindle during rotation, a spacer sleeve 324 is placed between the two bearings, effectively dispersing the load and extending the service life of the bearings. In addition, the design of the shaft sleeve 326 and the locking nut 327 ensures that the disc cutter can be securely installed at the end of the spindle, avoiding vibration and noise problems caused by looseness. At the same time, the spindle motor 31 is connected to the spindle through the coupling 33, ensuring the stability of power transmission. The entire spindle mechanism is encapsulated in a main housing 323, not only serving a protective function but also helping to absorb external environmental disturbances. Stable cutting performance not only helps to obtain smooth and flat machining surfaces but also reduces tool wear and maintenance costs. In summary, the carefully designed spindle mechanism brings excellent machining quality to the ball screw end face machining machine tool, reflecting high-level mechanical engineering technology. The modular design of the ball screw end face machining machine tool greatly facilitates daily maintenance work. For example, the spindle motor 31, coupling 33, and spindle mechanism 32, etc. core components are designed with easy disassembly and replacement structure, which means that once a part fails, maintenance personnel can find the fault point and implement repair in the shortest time without having to overhaul the entire system. Especially for some precision components such as bearings 322, regular inspection and replacement are important means to ensure long-term stable operation. Modular design also allows manufacturers to customize specific function modules according to different customer needs, improving product adaptability and reducing inventory pressure. In addition, since there are clear interface standards between each module, third-party suppliers can also participate in component supply, increasing market competitiveness and benefiting users to obtain more cost-effective services. In the long run, the easy-to-maintain design not only shortens downtime and improves production efficiency but also saves a lot of manpower and material resources for the enterprise. This is undoubtedly one of the most important advantages for enterprises pursuing efficient production and lean management.In this transmission mode, the small pulley 244 at the output end of the servo motor is connected to the large pulley 243 on the ball screw through a belt. When the motor rotates, the torque is transmitted to the screw through the stretching action of the belt, causing the screw to produce rotary motion. The advantage of belt drive is that it can simplify the mechanical structure, reduce the energy loss of intermediate links, and at the same time has a certain elasticity, which can buffer the instantaneous overload and protect the motor and other transmission components from damage. In addition, the belt drive also has the characteristics of low noise, no oil pollution, etc., which is very suitable for application in occasions with high requirements for working environment. Of course, in order to ensure the transmission efficiency, the selection of the belt is very important, usually a high-strength, wear-resistant synchronous belt is selected to ensure that it can maintain stable performance even under long-time continuous operation. In summary, the belt drive not only realizes efficient power transmission, but also takes into account the economy and environmental protection, which is an ideal choice for modern ball screw end face machining machine tools.
[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, various equivalent transformations of the technical solutions of the present application can be made, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A ball screw end face machining machine tool, characterized in that, Include: The bed body (1) and tailstock (4), the feed mechanism (2) is provided on the bed body (1), the milling cutter mechanism (3) is provided on the feed mechanism (2), the three-jaw chuck (6) is fixedly installed on the tailstock (4) or the bed body (1), the tailstock (4) is provided with support mechanism (5) for supporting the tail of workpiece.
2. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 1, characterized by, The tailstock (4) includes a support frame (41), the slide rail (42) is provided on the support frame (41), the slide block (43) is provided on the slide rail (42), and the support mechanism (5) is installed on the slide block (43).
3. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 2, wherein The magnetic scale mechanism (7) is installed on the tailstock (4).
4. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 3, characterized by, The magnetic scale mechanism (7) includes a magnetic head (71) installed on the slide block (43) through a connecting plate (72), and a magnetic scale (73) provided on the slide rail (42).
5. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 4, wherein The digital display screen (74) for displaying the position of the support mechanism (5) is installed on the bed body (1) or the support frame (41).
6. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 2, wherein The support mechanism (5) includes a mounting base (51) provided on the slide block (43), and a positioning plate (52) provided on the mounting base (51).
7. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 1, wherein The feed mechanism (2) includes a flat plate (21) installed on the bed body (1) through a ball screw pair (22) and a flat plate guide rail (23), the milling cutter mechanism (3) is provided on the flat plate (21), and a driving mechanism (24) for driving the ball screw pair (22) to work is provided on the flat plate (21).
8. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 7, characterized by The driving mechanism (24) includes a servo motor (241) installed on the bed body (1) through a motor frame (242), a large belt pulley (243) provided on the screw of the ball screw pair (22), a small belt pulley (244) provided on the output end of the servo motor (241), and the large belt pulley (243) and the small belt pulley (244) are driven through a belt.
9. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 1, wherein The milling cutter mechanism (3) includes a main shaft motor (31) installed on the bed body (1), a main shaft mechanism (32) provided on the bed body (1), and a disc cutter (34) provided on the output end of the main shaft mechanism (32), the main shaft motor (31) is connected with the input end of the main shaft mechanism (32) through a shaft coupling (33).
10. The ball screw end-milling machine according to claim 9, wherein The main shaft mechanism (32) includes a main shaft (321) installed in a main housing (323) through two bearings (322), a spacer sleeve (324) sleeved on the main shaft (321), the spacer sleeve (324) is arranged between the two bearings (322), bearing end covers (325) are arranged at both ends of the main shaft (321), a shaft sleeve (326) is arranged at one end of the main shaft (321) connected with the disc cutter (34), and the main shaft (321) is locked through a lock nut (327).