Top arch steel supporting structure suitable for gently-inclined rock stratum and tunnel

Abstract

The utility model provides a top arch steel supporting structure suitable for a gently inclined rock stratum and a tunnel, and relates to the technical field of tunnel supporting structures, the top arch steel supporting structure suitable for the gently inclined rock stratum comprises a supporting part and a sloping bench, the supporting part comprises an arch frame and a first connecting assembly, the top face of the arch frame is used for being attached to a top arch excavation face, and the two arc-shaped ends of the arch frame are connected with the corresponding first connecting assemblies correspondingly. The sloping bench is used for being arranged at the joint of a top arch excavation face and a side wall excavation face, the first connecting assembly comprises a base plate and a first fastener, the base plate is used for being attached to the top end of the side wall excavation face and the sloping bench, and the base plate is used for being fixed to the side wall excavation face through the first fastener. And the arc-shaped end part of the arch-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the base plate. The supporting cost of the top arch excavation face is reduced, and the construction efficiency can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel supporting structure, specifically, relate to a kind of top arch steel support structure and tunnel suitable for under gently inclined strata. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the underground tunnel excavation process in, for example, pumped storage power station project, when the surrounding rock condition is poor, steel support structure needs to be erected to improve the stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0003] In the related art, if the surrounding rock of the tunnel chamber is gently inclined strata, the side wall surrounding rock stability of the tunnel is good, and the top arch surrounding rock stability is poor. To ensure the safety of the support of the entire tunnel, comprehensive support measures are usually taken. Specifically, a top arch support structure is provided on the top arch excavation surface of the tunnel, and a side wall support structure is added on the side wall excavation surface. The top end of the side wall support structure is fixedly connected with the top arch support structure to support the top arch support structure from below through the side wall support structure, so as to ensure the safety of the support of the entire tunnel.

[0004] However, the side wall support structure added to the side wall surrounding rock with good stability not only increases the cost of the steel support structure, but also reduces the construction efficiency. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The problem solved by the utility model is how to reduce the support cost and improve the construction efficiency while ensuring the support effect on the gently inclined strata of the tunnel.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a top arch steel support structure suitable for under gently inclined strata and a tunnel.

[0007] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a top arch steel support structure suitable for under gently inclined strata, which comprises a support part and an inclined table. The support part comprises an arch-shaped frame and a first connecting assembly. The top surface of the arch-shaped frame is used to fit the top arch excavation surface. The arc-shaped ends of the arch-shaped frame are respectively connected with the corresponding first connecting assemblies.

[0008] The inclined table is used to be arranged at the connection between the top arch excavation surface and the side wall excavation surface. The first connecting assembly comprises a backing plate and a first fastener. The backing plate is used to fit the top end of the side wall excavation surface and the inclined table. The backing plate is fixed to the side wall excavation surface by the first fastener. The arc-shaped end of the arch-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the backing plate.

[0009] Optionally, the backing plate comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate arranged at an angle, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are used to correspondingly fit the batter and the side wall excavation surface respectively, the arc-shaped end of the arch-shaped frame is connected with the first connecting plate, and the first fastener is arranged through the second connecting plate and the side wall excavation surface to fix the second connecting plate on the side wall excavation surface.

[0010] Optionally, the arch-shaped frame comprises a second arc-shaped arch-shaped frame and two first arc-shaped arch-shaped frames, the ends of the extension direction of the second arc-shaped arch-shaped frame are connected with one end of the corresponding first arc-shaped arch-shaped frame respectively, and the end of the first arc-shaped arch-shaped frame away from the second arc-shaped arch-shaped frame is connected with the backing plate.

[0011] Optionally, the support part further comprises two second connecting assemblies, and each end of the second arc-shaped arch-shaped frame is connected with the first arc-shaped arch-shaped frame through the corresponding second connecting assembly.

[0012] Optionally, the second connecting assembly comprises a second fastener and two third connecting plates, the opposite arc-shaped ends of the first arc-shaped arch-shaped frame and the second arc-shaped arch-shaped frame are connected with the corresponding third connecting plates respectively, and the two third connecting plates are fixed through the second fastener.

[0013] Optionally, the second connecting assembly comprises a plurality of second fasteners, at least one second fastener is arranged on the side surface of the arch-shaped frame along a first direction, and the ends of adjacent third connecting plates along the first direction are connected through the corresponding second fastener; wherein the first direction refers to the tunneling direction of the tunnel.

[0014] Optionally, the second connecting assembly further comprises two fourth connecting plates and a plurality of third fasteners, each fourth connecting plate is arranged at an angle with the corresponding third connecting plate, and the fourth connecting plate is between the arch-shaped frame and the crown excavation surface; the third fastener is arranged through the fourth connecting plate and the crown excavation surface to connect the fourth connecting plate and the crown excavation surface.

[0015] Optionally, the top arch steel support structure suitable for the gentle dip rock layer under further comprises a supporting mesh, the supporting mesh is used to fit the crown excavation surface, and the fourth connecting plate is between the supporting mesh and the arch-shaped frame.

[0016] Optionally, the top arch steel support structure suitable for the gentle dip rock layer under comprises a plurality of support parts and a plurality of connecting rods, the plurality of support parts are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the plurality of connecting rods are arranged at intervals between the arch-shaped frame and the crown excavation surface along the curvature direction of the arch-shaped frame, and at least two arch-shaped frames are fixedly connected with the connecting rods.

[0017] Secondly, this utility model also provides a tunnel, including a top arch excavation face, side wall excavation faces, and a top arch steel support structure as described above, suitable for gently dipping rock strata.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model on the top arch steel support structure and tunnels under gently dipping rock strata are:

[0019] The steel support structure for the top arch under gently dipping rock strata includes a support part and an inclined platform. The support part includes an arch frame and two first connecting components. Each first connecting component includes a pad and a first fastener. An inclined platform can be set at the connection between the bottom end of the top arch excavation face and the top end of the side wall excavation face. The pad is then fitted with the inclined platform and the side wall excavation face, and the pad is fixed to the side wall excavation face by the first fastener to achieve the fixed installation of the pad.

[0020] The top surface of the arched frame is used to fit against the excavation face of the top arch. The arc-shaped ends of the arched frame are respectively connected to the pads of the corresponding first connecting components. Since the pads are fixed to the excavation face of the side wall by the first fasteners, the arched frame is fixed to the excavation face of the side wall by the first connecting components, ensuring the stability of the arched frame. In short, the arched frame can be tightly attached to the excavation face of the top arch by the first connecting components fixed on the inclined platform, and the stability of the excavation face of the top arch can be ensured. There is no need to add an additional support structure at the excavation face of the side wall. Thus, while ensuring the support effect of the excavation face of the top arch of the tunnel with gentle rock strata, it not only reduces the support cost of the excavation face of the top arch, but also improves the construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the tunnel in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the tunnel structure in this utility model embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a single support portion in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the tunnel structure in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two support parts in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] Reference Signs List:

[0029] 1- inclined platform; 2- support part; 21- arched frame; 211- second arc-shaped arched frame; 212- first arc-shaped arched frame; 22- first connecting assembly; 221- backing plate; 2211- first connecting plate; 2212- second connecting plate; 222- first fastener; 23- second connecting assembly; 231- second fastener; 232- third connecting plate; 233- fourth connecting plate; 234- third fastener; 3- connecting rod; 200- top arch excavation face; 300- side wall excavation face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Although some embodiments of the utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the utility model can be realized in various forms, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described herein, on the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the utility model more thorough and complete. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the utility model are only for illustrative purposes, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0031] The Z axis in the drawings represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z axis represents the upper side, and the negative direction of the Z axis represents the lower side; the X axis in the drawings represents the horizontal direction and is designated as the left-right position, and the positive direction of the X axis represents the right side, and the negative direction of the X axis represents the left side; the Y axis in the drawings represents the front-rear position, and the positive direction of the Y axis represents the front side, and the negative direction of the Y axis represents the rear side. It should be noted that the meanings of the aforementioned Z axis, Y axis and X axis are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or suggestive of the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0032] The term "comprising" and its variants are open-ended, i.e. "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" is "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Related definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the "first", "second", etc. concepts mentioned in the utility model are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0033] It should be noted that the modification of "one" and "multiple" in the utility model is illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise explicitly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0034] In view of the problems in the above related technologies, the embodiment provides a top arch steel support structure suitable for under gentle dip rock strata and a tunnel.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The utility model discloses a top arch steel support structure suitable for under gentle dip rock strata, which comprises a support part 2 and an inclined platform 1, wherein the support part 2 comprises an arched frame 21 and a first connecting assembly 22, the top surface of the arched frame 21 is used to fit the top arch excavation surface 200, and the arc-shaped two ends of the arched frame 21 are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting assembly 22.

[0036] The inclined platform 1 is arranged at the connection between the top arch excavation surface 200 and the side wall excavation surface 300, the first connecting assembly 22 comprises a backing plate 221 and a first fastener 222, the backing plate 221 is used to fit the top end of the side wall excavation surface 300 and the inclined platform 1, the backing plate 221 is fixed to the side wall excavation surface 300 through the first fastener 222, and the arc-shaped end of the arched frame 21 is fixedly connected to the backing plate 221.

[0037] Specifically, the inclined platform 1 can be arranged at the connection between the top arch excavation surface 200 and the side wall excavation surface 300, in other words, the arch foot position of the original tunnel excavation can be the inclined platform 1, the inclined platform 1 can extend along the tunnel advancing direction, and the inclined platform 1 can be an inclined surface with a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane, specifically, one end of the inclined platform 1 away from the vertical axis of the tunnel is higher than the other end of the inclined platform 1 close to the vertical axis of the tunnel.

[0038] The arched frame 21 can be an arc-shaped steel structure with a certain bending curvature, so that after the arched frame 21 is fitted with the top arch excavation surface 200, the two arc-shaped ends of the arched frame 21 can have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the inclined platform 1 has an inclined surface, when the backing plate 221 is fitted on the inclined platform 1, the part where the backing plate 221 is connected with the arched frame 21 also has an inclined surface, so as to increase the connection area of the arc-shaped end of the arched frame 21 and the backing plate 221, and improve the connection stability of the arched frame 21 and the backing plate 221. Figure 2 The horizontal plane can be parallel to the plane formed by the XY axis in the coordinate system.

[0039] The arched frame 21 is designed as an arc-shaped steel structure, which can closely fit the top arch excavation surface 200 and provide more effective support for the top arch excavation surface 200. The arrangement of the inclined platform 1 further enhances the support effect and ensures the stability of the whole structure.

[0040] In the optional embodiment, the top arch steel support structure suitable for the gently inclined rock stratum under the top arch includes a support part 2 and an inclined bench 1, the support part 2 includes an arched frame 21 and two first connecting assemblies 22, each first connecting assembly 22 includes a backing plate 221 and a first fastener 222, the inclined bench 1 can be arranged at the connecting position between the bottom end of the top arch excavation surface 200 and the top end of the side wall excavation surface 300, the backing plate 221 is attached to the inclined bench 1 and the side wall excavation surface 300, and then the first fastener 222 is used to fix the backing plate 221 on the side wall excavation surface 300, so as to realize the fixed installation of the backing plate 221.

[0041] The top surface of the arched frame 21 is used to attach the top arch excavation surface 200, and the arc-shaped ends of the arched frame 21 are respectively connected to the backing plates 221 of the corresponding first connecting assemblies 22, and since the backing plates 221 are fixed on the side wall excavation surface 300 by the first fasteners 222, the arched frame 21 is fixed on the side wall excavation surface 300 through the first connecting assemblies 22, so as to ensure the stability of the arched frame 21. In short, the arched frame 21 can be tightly attached to the top arch excavation surface 200 and fixed through the first connecting assemblies 22 by the first connecting assemblies 22 fixed on the inclined bench 1, so as to ensure the stability of the top arch excavation surface 200, and additional support structures are not needed at the side wall excavation surface 300, thereby not only reducing the support cost of the top arch excavation surface 200 on the basis of ensuring the support effect of the top arch excavation surface 200 of the tunnel gently inclined rock stratum, but also improving the construction efficiency.

[0042] Optionally, in combination with Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the backing plate 221 includes a first connecting plate 2211 and a second connecting plate 2212 arranged at an angle, the first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 are used to respectively attach to the inclined bench 1 and the side wall excavation surface 300, the arc-shaped end of the arched frame 21 is connected to the first connecting plate 2211, and the first fastener 222 is arranged through the second connecting plate 2212 and the side wall excavation surface 300, so as to fix the second connecting plate 2212 on the side wall excavation surface 300.

[0043] Specifically, the angle between the first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 can match the angle between the inclined bench 1 and the side wall excavation surface 300, so that the attaching operations of the first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 to the inclined bench 1 and the side wall excavation surface 300 are more closely.

[0044] The first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 can be formed into an integrated structure by welding or bending to ensure that the backing plate 221 has a certain mechanical strength. Among them, the first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 arranged at an angle not only can improve the support stability of the arch-shaped frame 21, but also can adapt to different site construction conditions.

[0045] The arc-shaped ends of the arch-shaped frame 21 and the first connecting plate 2211 can be fixedly connected by welding, and the first fastener 222 can be a common fastener such as a bolt fastener, an anchor fastener, or an expansion bolt, so as to pass through the second connecting plate 2212 and the side wall excavation surface 300 by the first fastener 222, thereby fixing the backing plate 221 on the side wall excavation surface 300 and ensuring the firmness and stability of the connection.

[0046] In the optional embodiment, the first fastener 222 and the backing plate 221 arranged at an angle are used to stably fix the top arch steel support structure on the side wall excavation surface 300, thereby solving the problem of fixing the top arch steel support structure on the side wall excavation surface 300 of the gently inclined rock stratum of the tunnel.

[0047] By pasting the first connecting plate 2211 and the second connecting plate 2212 of the backing plate 221 on the inclined bench 1 and the side wall excavation surface 300, and connecting the arc-shaped ends of the arch-shaped frame 21 with the corresponding backing plates 221, the gravity of the top arch excavation surface 200 and the arch-shaped frame 21 acts on the backing plate 221 and the inclined bench 1, at this time, the gravity of the arch-shaped frame 21 can prevent the backing plate 221 from being displaced relative to the inclined bench 1, so as to more firmly fix the arch-shaped frame 21 and the side wall excavation surface 300 together, and the first fastener 222 is arranged in the second connecting plate 2212 and the side wall excavation surface 300, thereby further improving the installation stability of the arch-shaped frame 21.

[0048] Optionally, in combination with Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the arch-shaped frame 21 includes a second arc-shaped arch frame 211 and two first arc-shaped arch frames 212, the ends of the extension direction of the second arc-shaped arch frame 211 are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding first arc-shaped arch frame 212, and the end of the first arc-shaped arch frame 212 away from the second arc-shaped arch frame 211 is connected with the backing plate 221.

[0049] Specifically, the second arc-shaped arch frame 211 and the two first arc-shaped arch frames 212 of the arch-shaped frame 21 can be arranged in the following manner, for example, one first arc-shaped arch frame 212 is arranged at each arc-shaped end of the second arc-shaped arch frame 211, and the opposite ends of the two first arc-shaped arch frames 212 are fixedly connected with the arc-shaped ends of the second arc-shaped arch frame 211.

[0050] The specific connection relationship between the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the first arc-shaped arch 212 can be achieved in various ways, for example, the end of the second arc-shaped arch 211 can be connected with the first arc-shaped arch 212 by welding, bolt connection or the like. The gusset plate 221 can be a plate-shaped structure made of high-strength steel to ensure that it has sufficient strength and stability when fixing the first arc-shaped arch 212.

[0051] In this optional embodiment, the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the two first arc-shaped arches 212 are fixedly assembled and connected with each other to form an integral arch-shaped frame 21. The purpose of this structure design is to improve the installation convenience of the arch-shaped frame 21 through multi-section connection of the arch-shaped frame 21, and the multi-section arch-shaped frame 21 improves the adaptability and stability of the support structure, which can better adapt to the shape and stress distribution of the tunnel to improve the stability of the crown steel support structure under the condition of gently inclined rock stratum of the tunnel.

[0052] Optionally, in combination with Figure 4 As shown, the support part 2 further comprises two second connection assemblies 23, and the ends of the second arc-shaped arch 211 are connected with the first arc-shaped arch 212 through the corresponding second connection assemblies 23.

[0053] Specifically, a second connection assembly 23 can be arranged between the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the first arc-shaped arch 212.

[0054] In this optional embodiment, the ends of the second arc-shaped arch 211 are connected with the first arc-shaped arch 212 through the second connection assembly 23, which ensures the reliable connection between the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the first arc-shaped arch 212, improves the stability and reliability of the connection between the arc-shaped arches in the arch-shaped frame 21, solves the problem of how to reliably connect the parts of the crown steel support structure in the gently inclined rock stratum of the tunnel, thereby effectively supporting the crown excavation surface of the tunnel and ensuring the safety of the support of the tunnel.

[0055] Optionally, in combination with Figure 5 As shown, the second connection assembly 23 comprises a second fastener 231 and two third connecting plates 232, and the opposite arc-shaped ends of the first arc-shaped arch 212 and the second arc-shaped arch 211 are connected with the corresponding third connecting plates 232, and the two third connecting plates 232 are fixed by the second fastener 231.

[0056] Specifically, the second fastener 231 can be a bolt fastener or an anchor fastener to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection. The third connecting plate 232 can be a straight plate structure made of high-strength steel to improve the connection strength and durability of the adjacent two third connecting plates 232.

[0057] A third connecting plate 232 can be installed on the end of each first arc-shaped arch 212 away from the base plate 221 and the arc-shaped end of the second arc-shaped arch 211 by welding, and the adjacent two third connecting plates 232 are connected and fixed by the second fasteners 231.

[0058] The third connecting plate 232 can be designed into different shapes and sizes according to actual needs, such as the end face of the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the first arc-shaped arch 212, to better adapt to the structure and stress condition of the arch-shaped frame 21. For example, the third connecting plate 232 can adopt a rectangular plate or other shapes to facilitate connection with the arc-shaped end of the arch-shaped frame 21.

[0059] In the optional embodiment, the cooperation of the second fastener 231 and the third connecting plate 232 ensures the stable connection of the first arc-shaped arch 212 and the second arc-shaped arch 211, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the arch-shaped frame 21.

[0060] Optionally, in combination with Figure 5 As shown, the second connecting assembly 23 includes a plurality of second fasteners 231, and at least one second fastener 231 is arranged on the side of the arch-shaped frame 21 along the first direction, and the corresponding second fasteners 231 are connected between the ends of the adjacent third connecting plates 232 along the first direction; wherein the first direction refers to the tunneling direction of the tunnel.

[0061] Specifically, the first direction refers to the tunneling direction of the tunnel, and can also refer to the extension direction of the tunnel, and the first direction can be parallel to the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system. Figure 5 The side of the arch-shaped frame 21 along the first direction refers to the side of the arch-shaped frame 21 along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system, in other words, the arch-shaped frame 21 has no direct connection relationship with the second fastener 231. Figure 5

[0062] The end of the third connecting plate 232 along the first direction refers to the end of the third connecting plate 232 along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system, and the third connecting plate 232 can be substantially in the form of a strip plate structure, and the third connecting plate 232 can extend along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system. Figure 5 Figure 5 The end of the third connecting plate 232 along the first direction refers to the end of the third connecting plate 232 along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system, and the third connecting plate 232 can be substantially in the form of a strip plate structure, and the third connecting plate 232 can extend along the Y-axis direction of the coordinate system.

[0063] At least one second fastener 231 can be arranged on the end of the third connecting plate 232 along the first direction.

[0064] ​​In the optional embodiment, the end portions of the two adjacent third connecting plates 232 along the first direction are connected by the at least one second fastener 231, so that the connection of the second arc-shaped arch 211 and the two first arc-shaped arches 212 of the arch-shaped frame 21 along the tunneling direction is uniform and stable, so that the support structure can better withstand the force generated in the tunneling process, ensuring the stability and reliability of the second connection assembly in the tunneling direction.

[0065] Optionally, in combination with Figure 5 As shown, the second connection assembly 23 further comprises two fourth connecting plates 233 and a plurality of third fasteners 234. Each fourth connecting plate 233 is arranged at an angle with the corresponding third connecting plate 232 and is located between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the crown excavation surface 200. The third fastener 234 is provided through the fourth connecting plate 233 and the crown excavation surface 200 to connect the fourth connecting plate 233 and the crown excavation surface 200.

[0066] Specifically, the fourth connecting plate 233 can be made of steel plate or other high-strength materials to ensure its reliability during use. The fourth connecting plate 233 and the third connecting plate 232 can form an L-shaped right-angle plate structure by welding, or a straight plate can be bent to form the third connecting plate 232 and the fourth connecting plate 233 in an L shape.

[0067] The third fastener 234 can be a bolt, a screw, or other types of fasteners, and the specific selection can be adjusted according to the construction environment and requirements. For example, in some cases, the third fastener 234 can be made of anti-corrosion materials to improve its durability and service life.

[0068] In the optional embodiment, by adding the fourth connecting plate 233 and the plurality of third fasteners 234 in the second connection assembly 23, the third fastener 234 is provided through the fourth connecting plate 233 between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the crown excavation surface 200 to increase the connection area between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the crown excavation surface 200 through the fourth connecting plate 233. On the basis of the fastening of the two third connecting plates 232 between the first arc-shaped arch 212 and the second arc-shaped arch 211, not only the connection stability between the crown excavation surface 200 and the arch-shaped frame 21 is improved, but also the connection stability of the first arc-shaped arch 212 and the second arc-shaped arch 211 is simultaneously strengthened through the connection of the fourth connecting plate 233 and the crown excavation surface 200, thereby improving the connection reliability of the support structure and the crown excavation surface 200.

[0069] Optionally, the top arch steel support structure applicable to the gently inclined rock stratum further comprises a supporting mesh, the supporting mesh is used to fit the top arch excavation surface 200, and the fourth connecting plate 233 is between the supporting mesh and the arch-shaped frame 21.

[0070] Specifically, the supporting mesh can be a mesh structure made of metal materials, composite materials, or the like, to adapt to different construction environments and needs.

[0071] The installation of the supporting mesh can be pre-fabricated or assembled on site to improve construction efficiency and flexibility.

[0072] In this optional embodiment, the role of the supporting mesh is to fit the top arch excavation surface 200 to shield and cover the top arch excavation surface 200, providing a preliminary support effect on the top arch excavation surface 200 to reduce the risk of falling stones, soil, and the like from the top arch excavation surface 200. The third fastener 234 can be an anchor fastener.

[0073] The fourth connecting plate 233 is between the supporting mesh (not shown in the figure) and the arch-shaped frame 21, so that the third fastener 234 is sequentially arranged in the fourth connecting plate 233, the supporting mesh, and the top arch excavation surface 200. In short, the fourth connecting plate 233 and the supporting mesh can effectively increase the connection area and the number of connection points between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the top arch excavation surface 200, further improving the support stability and support effect on the top arch excavation surface 200.

[0074] Optionally, in combination with Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the top arch steel support structure applicable to the gently inclined rock stratum comprises a plurality of support parts 2 and a plurality of connecting rods 3, the plurality of support parts 2 are arranged at intervals along a first direction, the plurality of connecting rods 3 are arranged at intervals between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the top arch excavation surface 200 along the curvature direction of the arch-shaped frame 21, and at least two arch-shaped frames 21 are fixedly connected with the connecting rods 3.

[0075] Specifically, the plurality of support parts 2 can be made of steel materials to ensure that they have sufficient strength and durability. Figure 6 and Figure 7 Two support parts 2 are exemplarily shown in

[0076] The connecting rod 3 can be in the form of an anchor rod, a steel bar, or the like. The connecting rod 3 can be arranged to extend along the first direction. The length of the connecting rod 3 along the first direction can be greater than or equal to the distance between two arch-shaped frames 21 of the at least two support parts 2. The length of the connecting rod 3 and the interval between adjacent two connecting rods 3 can be adjusted according to the specific design and construction requirements of the tunnel to adapt to different engineering conditions. The connecting rod 3 can be fixed to the outer wall of the arch-shaped frame 21 facing the top arch excavation surface 200 by welding or lashing, etc.

[0077] In the optional embodiment, the plurality of support parts 2 are arranged at intervals along the tunnel excavation direction, and the plurality of connecting rods 3 are arranged at intervals along the arc direction of the arch-shaped frame 21 between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the crown excavation surface 200, wherein the interval arrangement of the plurality of support parts 2 can provide continuous support force to the tunnel, and the arrangement of the connecting rods 3 can form stable connection between adjacent two arch-shaped frames 21 and between the arch-shaped frame 21 and the crown excavation surface 200, effectively preventing the arch-shaped frame 21 from tilting towards the first direction, thereby enhancing the stability of the crown steel support structure. In addition, the arch-shaped frame 21 can also support the plurality of connecting rods 3 arranged at intervals in an arc shape from below, further increasing the connection stability of the arch-shaped frame 21 and the connecting rod 3.

[0078] The tunnel provided by the embodiment of the utility model includes a crown excavation surface 200, a side wall excavation surface 300 and the crown steel support structure suitable for the gently inclined rock stratum as described in the above embodiment.

[0079] Specifically, the tunnel includes a crown excavation surface 200, a side wall excavation surface 300 and a crown steel support structure suitable for the gently inclined rock stratum, and these features cooperate with each other to provide stable support to the crown excavation surface 200 during the tunnel excavation process, which can effectively solve the problem of poor stability of the crown surrounding rock of the gently inclined rock stratum during the tunnel excavation process, so as to ensure the overall stability and safety of the tunnel, and help the safe construction operation of the tunnel.

[0080] The tunnel of the embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the crown steel support structure suitable for the gently inclined rock stratum, which will not be repeated here.

[0081] Although the utility model discloses as above, the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this. The person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A top arch steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata, characterized in that, It includes a support part (2) and a ramp (1). The support part (2) includes an arch frame (21) and a first connecting component (22). The top surface of the arch frame (21) is used to fit the top arch excavation surface (200). The arc-shaped ends of the arch frame (21) are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting components (22). The inclined platform (1) is used to be set at the connection between the top arch excavation surface (200) and the side wall excavation surface (300). The first connecting component (22) includes a pad (221) and a first fastener (222). The pad (221) is used to fit against the top of the side wall excavation surface (300) and the inclined platform (1). The pad (221) is used to be fixed to the side wall excavation surface (300) by the first fastener (222). The arc-shaped end of the arch frame (21) is fixedly connected to the pad (221).

2. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pad (221) includes a first connecting plate (2211) and a second connecting plate (2212) arranged at an angle. The first connecting plate (2211) and the second connecting plate (2212) are respectively attached to the inclined platform (1) and the side wall excavation surface (300). The arc-shaped end of the arched frame (21) is connected to the first connecting plate (2211). The first fastener (222) passes through the second connecting plate (2212) and the side wall excavation surface (300) to fix the second connecting plate (2212) to the side wall excavation surface (300).

3. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arch frame (21) includes a second arc-shaped arch frame (211) and two first arc-shaped arch frames (212). The ends of the second arc-shaped arch frames (211) in the extension direction are respectively connected to one end of the corresponding first arc-shaped arch frames (212). The ends of the first arc-shaped arch frames (212) away from the second arc-shaped arch frames (211) are connected to the pad plate (221).

4. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support (2) further includes two second connecting components (23), and each end of the second arc-shaped arch frame (211) is connected to the first arc-shaped arch frame (212) through the corresponding second connecting component (23).

5. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second connecting assembly (23) includes a second fastener (231) and two third connecting plates (232). The arc-shaped ends of the first arc-shaped arch frame (212) and the second arc-shaped arch frame (211) are respectively connected to the corresponding third connecting plates (232), and the two third connecting plates (232) are fixed by the second fastener (231).

6. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second connecting assembly (23) includes a plurality of second fasteners (231), and at least one second fastener (231) is provided on the side of the arch frame (21) along the first direction. The ends of adjacent third connecting plates (232) along the first direction are connected by corresponding second fasteners (231); wherein, the first direction refers to the tunnel excavation direction.

7. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second connecting assembly (23) further includes two fourth connecting plates (233) and a plurality of third fasteners (234). Each fourth connecting plate (233) is set at an angle to the corresponding third connecting plate (232), and the fourth connecting plate (233) is located between the arch frame (21) and the top arch excavation surface (200). The third fasteners (234) pass through the fourth connecting plate (233) and the top arch excavation surface (200) to connect the fourth connecting plate (233) and the top arch excavation surface (200).

8. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a support mesh for fitting against the top arch excavation surface (200), and the fourth connecting plate (233) is located between the support mesh and the arch frame (21).

9. The arched steel support structure suitable for gently dipping rock strata according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It includes multiple support parts (2) and multiple connecting rods (3). The multiple support parts (2) are spaced apart along a first direction. The multiple connecting rods (3) are spaced apart along the arc direction of the arch frame (21) between the arch frame (21) and the top arch excavation surface (200). At least two of the arch frames (21) are fixedly connected to the connecting rods (3).

10. A tunnel, characterized in that, It includes the arch excavation face (200), the side wall excavation face (300), and the arch steel support structure applicable to gently dipping rock strata as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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