Switching device and anaesthesia machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a switching device and an anaesthesia machine. The switching device comprises a base, a handle, an elastic piece, a piston rod and an air channel switching block, an eccentric cam is arranged at one end of the handle, and the eccentric cam is rotationally installed on the base; one end of the elastic piece is rotationally mounted on the base, the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the handle, and the rotation axis of the elastic piece and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam are located on a first plane; a piston cavity, an air inlet, a manual interface and a mechanical control interface are formed in the air passage switching block, the piston rod is movably mounted in the piston cavity in the length direction, and the end, extending out of the piston cavity, of the piston rod is connected with the eccentric cam; the handle can overcome the elastic force of the elastic piece to rotate between a manual position and a mechanical control position so as to drive the piston rod to move through the eccentric cam, and the manual position and the mechanical control position are located on the two sides of the first plane; at the mechanical control position, the piston rod blocks the manual interface; and at the manual position, the piston rod blocks the mechanical control interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment technology, and in particular relates to a switch device and an anesthesia machine. Background Technology

[0002] An anesthesia machine delivers anesthetic drugs into the patient's alveoli via a mechanical circuit. This creates a partial pressure of anesthetic gas, which diffuses into the bloodstream and directly inhibits the central nervous system, resulting in general anesthesia. The manual-to-automatic switch is a crucial component of the anesthesia machine's respiratory system. When set to manual, the operator can manually ventilate the patient; when set to automatic, the machine can automatically ventilate the patient.

[0003] In existing manual-to-mechanical switches, the operator operates the drive component to control the switch to either the manual or mechanical position. When switching from the mechanical to the manual position, the linearly moving drive component compresses the spring. When switching from the manual to the mechanical position, the spring recovers its elastic potential energy and is stretched by the reverse-moving drive component. This results in different resistances encountered by the operator when switching the switch to the manual and mechanical positions, thus affecting the operator's switching feel. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: addressing the issue that the resistance encountered by the operator when switching the manual-machine control switch to the manual position and the machine control position is different, which affects the operator's switching feel, in the existing manual-machine control switch, and providing a switching device and anesthesia machine.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, on the one hand, this utility model provides a switching device, including a base, a handle, an elastic element, a piston rod and an air passage switching block. One end of the handle is provided with an eccentric cam, which is rotatably mounted on the base. One end of the elastic element is rotatably mounted on the base, and the other end is connected to the handle. The rotation axis of the elastic element and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam are located on a first plane.

[0006] The airway switching block is provided with a piston chamber, an air inlet, a manual interface and a machine control interface. The piston rod is movably installed in the piston chamber along its length direction, and one end of the piston rod extending out of the piston chamber is connected to the eccentric cam.

[0007] The handle can rotate between a manual position and a machine control position to overcome the elastic force of the elastic element, so as to drive the piston rod to move via the eccentric cam. The manual position and the machine control position are located on opposite sides of the first plane. In the machine control position, the piston rod blocks the manual interface. In the manual position, the piston rod blocks the machine control interface.

[0008] Optionally, the manual position and the mechanical control position are symmetrical about the first plane; the first plane is perpendicular to the length direction of the piston rod.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic element is a tension spring, and in both the manual and machine-controlled positions, the tension spring is in a stretched state.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes an elastic reset element, wherein the side wall of the eccentric cam near the piston rod is an eccentric curved wall;

[0011] One end of the piston rod extends out of the piston chamber and contacts the eccentric curved wall. When the handle is rotated from the manual position to the mechanical control position or from the mechanical control position to the manual position, the eccentric curved wall pushes the piston rod to compress the elastic reset member.

[0012] Optionally, the eccentric curved wall includes a first curved wall, a second curved wall, and a third curved wall connected sequentially along its circumference. The centers of the first and second curved walls are located on the side of the eccentric curved wall closer to the center of the eccentric cam, and the center of the third curved wall is located on the side of the eccentric curved wall away from the center of the eccentric cam.

[0013] The curvature of the first curved wall is less than that of the second curved wall, and a first feedback position is formed at the junction of the first and second curved walls, which is recessed toward the center of the eccentric cam; a second feedback position is formed at the junction of the second and third curved walls, which is recessed toward the center of the eccentric cam.

[0014] In the manual position, the piston rod abuts against the first feedback position; in the mechanical control position, the piston rod abuts against the second feedback position; when the handle is rotated, the second curved wall can contact the push rod.

[0015] Optionally, the end of the piston rod extending out of the piston chamber is hemispherical.

[0016] Optionally, the feature is that it further includes a limiting member, which prevents the handle from rotating under the force of the elastic member when the handle is in the machine-controlled position and the manual position.

[0017] Optionally, only one limiting member is provided, and the limiting member is installed on the base and located on the side of the eccentric cam away from the piston rod;

[0018] The side wall of the eccentric cam near the limiting member includes a first limiting wall and a second limiting wall connected circumferentially. In the manual position, the limiting member abuts against the first limiting wall, and in the machine-controlled position, the limiting member abuts against the second limiting wall.

[0019] Optionally, the piston rod includes a push rod and a sealing diaphragm. The sealing diaphragm is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod, and the push rod is guided and engaged with the piston cavity. The sealing diaphragm is used to cover the manual interface and the mechanical control interface.

[0020] On the other hand, this utility model embodiment provides an anesthesia machine, including a manual ventilator, a machine-controlled ventilator, and the aforementioned switching device, wherein the manual ventilator is connected to the manual interface, and the machine-controlled ventilator is connected to the machine-controlled interface.

[0021] Compared to the linear motion drive components of existing technologies, such as compression or extension springs, the switching device of this invention features an elastic element with one end rotatably mounted on a base and the other end connected to a handle. During handle rotation, the other end of the elastic element rotates with the handle, and the rotation axis of the elastic element and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam are located on a first plane. The machine-controlled position and the manual position are located on opposite sides of the first plane. Therefore, during handle rotation, the length change of the rotating elastic element is small, and the resistance torque experienced by the handle when rotating from the manual position to the machine-controlled position is similar to that when rotating from the machine-controlled position to the manual position, resulting in a better feel for the operator when switching the device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the switching device in the manual position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Another structural diagram from a different perspective;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the switching device in the machine control position;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the handle structure.

[0028] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0029] 1. Handle; 11. Eccentric cam; 12. Eccentric curved wall; 13. First curved wall; 14. Second curved wall; 15. Third curved wall; 16. First limiting wall; 17. Second limiting wall; 2. Base; 21. First pin; 22. Second pin; 3. Airway switching block; 31. Manual interface; 32. Air inlet; 33. Machine control interface; 34. Piston chamber; 4. Piston rod; 41. Push rod; 42. Sealing diaphragm; 5. Elastic element; 6. Elastic reset element; 7. Limiting element. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a switching device, including a base 2, a handle 1, an elastic element 5, a piston rod 4 and an air passage switching block 3. One end of the handle 1 is provided with an eccentric cam 11, which is rotatably mounted on the base 2.

[0032] One end of the elastic element 5 is rotatably mounted on the base 2, and the other end is connected to the handle 1. The rotation axis of the elastic element 5 and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam 11 are located on the first plane.

[0033] The airway switching block 3 is provided with a piston chamber 34, an air inlet 32, a manual interface 31 and a machine control interface 33. The piston rod 4 is movably installed in the piston chamber 34 along its length direction, and one end of the piston rod 4 extending out of the piston chamber 34 is connected to the eccentric cam 11.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the handle 1 can overcome the elastic force of the elastic element 5 and rotate between the manual position and the mechanical control position, so as to drive the piston rod 4 to move through the eccentric cam 11. The manual position and the mechanical control position are located on both sides of the first plane.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in the manual position, piston rod 4 blocks the machine control interface 33, and air inlet 32 ​​is connected to manual interface 31.

[0036] Specifically, when the switching device needs to be switched to manual mode, the operator overcomes the resistance of the elastic element 5 to turn the handle 1 to the manual position. The eccentric cam 11 rotates around its rotation axis. The rotation of the eccentric cam 11 drives the piston rod 4 to move along its length in the piston chamber 34, so as to convert the rotational motion of the eccentric cam 11 into the linear motion of the piston rod 4. The piston rod 4 blocks the machine control interface 33, and connects the manual interface 31 and the air inlet 32.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, in the machine control position, piston rod 4 blocks manual interface 31, and air inlet 32 ​​is connected to machine control interface 33. Specifically, when the switching device needs to be switched to machine control mode, the operator overcomes the resistance of elastic element 5 to turn handle 1 to machine control position. Eccentric cam 11 drives piston rod 4 to move, piston rod 4 blocks manual interface 31, and machine control interface 33 is connected to air inlet 32.

[0038] Compared to the linear motion drive components of the prior art, such as compression or extension springs, the switching device of this utility model has an elastic element 5 that is rotatably mounted on the base 2 at one end and connected to the handle 1 at the other end. During the rotation of the handle 1, the elastic element 5 rotates with the handle 1, and the rotation axis of the elastic element 5 and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam 11 are located on the first plane. The machine-controlled position and the manual position are located on opposite sides of the first plane. Therefore, during the rotation of the handle 1, the length change of the rotating elastic element 5 is small, and the resistance torque experienced by the handle 1 when rotating from the manual position to the machine-controlled position is similar to the resistance torque experienced when rotating from the machine-controlled position to the manual position, which makes the operator feel better when switching the device.

[0039] Furthermore, the elastic element 5 is located on the outside of the airway switching block 3, which prevents the elastic element 5 from rusting after contacting the gas inside the airway switching block 3, thus improving the service life of the elastic element 5 and facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the handle 1 and the elastic element 5.

[0040] In one embodiment, the eccentric cam 11 is rotatably mounted on the base 2 via a first pin 21.

[0041] In one embodiment, one end of the elastic member 5 is rotatably mounted on the base 2 via a second pin 22.

[0042] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the manual position and the mechanical control position are symmetrical about the first plane; the first plane is perpendicular to the length direction of the piston rod 4, so that the elastic force of the elastic element 5 on the handle 1 in the manual position and the elastic force on the handle 1 in the mechanical control position are the same. Thus, the resistance torque that the handle 1 experiences when turning from the manual position to the mechanical control position is symmetrical and equal to the resistance torque that the handle 1 experiences when turning from the mechanical control position to the manual position, further improving the operator's feel when switching devices.

[0043] In one embodiment, the elastic element 5 is a tension spring, which is in a stretched state in both the manual and machine-controlled positions.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, it also includes an elastic reset member 6. The side wall of the eccentric cam 11 near the piston rod 4 is an eccentric curved wall 12. One end of the piston rod 4 extends out of the piston cavity 34 and contacts the eccentric curved wall 12. When the handle 1 is rotated from the manual position to the machine-controlled position or from the machine-controlled position to the manual position, the eccentric curved wall 12 pushes the piston rod 4 to compress the elastic reset member 6. When the handle 1 is rotated in the opposite direction, the elastic reset member 6 returns to its original deformation, and the piston rod 4 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the elastic reset member 6 and always abuts against the eccentric curved wall 12.

[0045] In one embodiment, the manual interface 31 is located on the side of the mechanical control interface 33 near the eccentric cam 11. When the handle 1 is turned from the mechanical control position to the manual position, the eccentric curved wall 12 pushes the piston rod 4 to compress the elastic reset member 6. When the handle 1 is turned from the manual position to the mechanical control position, the elastic reset member 6 restores its deformation to push the piston rod 4 to move in the opposite direction.

[0046] In one embodiment, the elastic reset member 6 is a spring, which is sleeved on the piston rod 4, with the two ends of the spring abutting against the side wall of the piston cavity 34 and the piston rod 4, respectively.

[0047] In other embodiments, the elastic reset member 6 may be a rubber component.

[0048] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the eccentric curved wall 12 includes a first curved wall 13, a second curved wall 14 and a third curved wall 15 connected in sequence along its circumference. The centers of the first curved wall 13 and the second curved wall 14 are located on the side of the eccentric curved wall 12 close to the center of the eccentric cam 11, and the center of the third curved wall 15 is located on the side of the eccentric curved wall 12 away from the center of the eccentric cam 11.

[0049] The curvature of the first curved wall 13 is less than that of the second curved wall 14. The junction of the first curved wall 13 and the second curved wall 14 forms a first feedback position that is recessed toward the center of the eccentric cam 11. The junction of the second curved wall 14 and the third curved wall 15 forms a second feedback position that is recessed toward the center of the eccentric cam 11.

[0050] In the manual position, the piston rod 4 abuts against the first feedback position; in the machine-controlled position, the piston rod 4 abuts against the second feedback position. When the handle 1 is turned, the second curved wall 14 can contact the piston rod 4.

[0051] The setting of the first feedback position and the second feedback position recessed towards the center of the eccentric cam 11 can provide the operator with feedback when the handle 1 is rotated to the position, further improving the operator's feel when rotating the handle 1.

[0052] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the end of the piston rod 4 extending out of the piston chamber 34 is hemispherical, which reduces the friction between the piston rod 4 and the eccentric curved wall 12 and extends the service life of the eccentric cam 11 and the piston rod 4.

[0053] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a limiting member 7. When the handle 1 is in the machine control position and the manual position, the limiting member 7 can prevent the handle 1 from rotating under the force of the elastic member 5.

[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, only one limiting member 7 is provided. The limiting member 7 is installed on the base 2 and is located on the side of the eccentric cam 11 away from the piston rod 4.

[0055] The side wall of the eccentric cam 11 near the limiting member 7 includes a first limiting wall 16 and a second limiting wall 17 connected circumferentially. In the manual position, the limiting member 7 abuts against the first limiting wall 16, and in the machine-controlled position, the limiting member 7 abuts against the second limiting wall 17.

[0056] A single limiting component 7 is sufficient to limit the handle 1 in both manual and machine-controlled positions. The structure is simple and easy to install.

[0057] In other embodiments, two limiting members 7 can be provided, detachably connected to the base 2. A manual limiting hole and a mechanical limiting hole are provided on the base 2. One limiting member 7 is positioned near the manual limiting hole, and the other limiting member 7 is positioned near the mechanical limiting hole. A through hole is provided at the other end of the handle 1. In the manual position, the operator inserts one limiting member into the through hole and the manual limiting hole; in the mechanical position, the operator inserts the other limiting member into the through hole and the mechanical limiting hole.

[0058] In other embodiments, the limiting member 7 can be omitted, and a fan-shaped groove for accommodating the rotation of the handle 1 can be opened on the base 2. The groove wall of the fan-shaped groove can be used to restrict the rotation of the handle 1 in the manual position and the machine control position under the tension of the elastic member 5.

[0059] In one embodiment, the piston rod 4 includes a push rod 41 and a sealing diaphragm 42. The sealing diaphragm 42 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod 41. The push rod 41 is guided and engaged with the piston cavity 34. The sealing diaphragm 42 is used to cover the manual interface 31 and the mechanical control interface 33, thereby enabling the cross-sectional shape of the push rod 41 to be designed to be smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the sealing diaphragm 42, thus reducing the size of the piston rod 4.

[0060] In one embodiment, a groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod 41, and the sealing diaphragm 42 is engaged in the groove.

[0061] In one embodiment, a step is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the push rod 41. The step is located on the side of the slot away from the eccentric cam 11, and the elastic reset member 6 abuts between the step and the side wall of the piston chamber 34.

[0062] In other embodiments, the eccentric cam 11 can be connected to one end of the piston rod 4 that extends out of the piston chamber 34. Specifically, an eccentric groove is provided on the eccentric cam 11, and a connecting member that connects the piston rod 4 and the eccentric cam 11 passes through the eccentric groove. When the eccentric cam 11 rotates, the sidewall of the eccentric groove pushes the piston rod 4 to move through the connecting member.

[0063] In other embodiments, the elastic element 5 may be a gas spring.

[0064] This utility model provides an anesthesia machine, including a manual ventilator, a machine-controlled ventilator, and a switching device as described in any of the above embodiments. The manual ventilator is connected to the manual interface 31, and the machine-controlled ventilator is connected to the machine-controlled interface 33.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A switching device, characterized by The utility model provides an airway switching device, which comprises a base (2), a handle (1), an elastic member (5), a piston rod (4) and an airway switching block (3), one end of the handle (1) is provided with an eccentric cam (11), the eccentric cam (11) is rotatably installed on the base (2), one end of the elastic member (5) is rotatably installed on the base (2), the other end is connected with the handle (1), and the rotation axis of the elastic member (5) and the rotation axis of the eccentric cam (11) are located on a first plane; The airway switching block (3) is provided with a piston cavity (34), an air inlet (32), a manual interface (31) and a machine control interface (33), the piston rod (4) is movably installed in the piston cavity (34) along the length direction, and one end of the piston rod (4) extending out of the piston cavity (34) is connected with the eccentric cam (11); The handle (1) can be rotated between a manual position and a machine control position against the elastic force of the elastic member (5) to drive the piston rod (4) to move through the eccentric cam (11), and the manual position and the machine control position are located on both sides of the first plane; in the machine control position, the piston rod (4) blocks the manual interface (31); in the manual position, the piston rod (4) blocks the machine control interface (33).

2. The switching device of claim 1, wherein The manual position and the machine control position are symmetrical about the first plane; and the first plane is perpendicular to the length direction of the piston rod (4).

3. The switching device of claim 1, wherein The elastic member (5) is a tension spring, and the tension spring is in an elongated state in the manual position and the machine control position.

4. The switching device of claim 1, wherein Further comprising an elastic reset member (6), the side wall of the eccentric cam (11) close to the piston rod (4) is an eccentric curved wall (12); The piston rod (4) is in contact with the eccentric curved wall (12), and when the handle (1) is rotated from the manual position to the machine control position or from the machine control position to the manual position, the eccentric curved wall (12) pushes the piston rod (4) to compress the elastic reset member (6).

5. The switching device of claim 4, wherein The eccentric curved wall (12) comprises a first curved wall (13), a second curved wall (14) and a third curved wall (15) connected in sequence in the circumferential direction, the centers of the first curved wall (13) and the second curved wall (14) are located on one side of the eccentric curved wall (12) close to the center of the eccentric cam (11), and the center of the third curved wall (15) is located on the other side of the eccentric curved wall (12) away from the center of the eccentric cam (11); The curvature of the first curved wall (13) is smaller than that of the second curved wall (14), and the joint of the first curved wall (13) and the second curved wall (14) forms a first feedback position recessed towards the center of the eccentric cam (11); and the joint of the second curved wall (14) and the third curved wall (15) forms a second feedback position recessed towards the center of the eccentric cam (11); In the manual position, the piston rod (4) abuts against the first feedback position, and in the machine control position, the piston rod (4) abuts against the second feedback position.

6. The switching device of claim 4, wherein The end of the piston rod (4) extending out of the piston cavity (34) is in a semispherical shape.

7. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The handle (1) is prevented from rotating under the force of the elastic member (5) when the handle (1) is in the machine-controlled position and the manual position.

8. The switching device of claim 7, wherein The limiting member (7) is provided only one, and is installed on the base (2) and located on the side of the eccentric cam (11) away from the piston rod (4); The side wall of the eccentric cam (11) close to the limiting member (7) comprises a first limiting wall (16) and a second limiting wall (17) connected circumferentially, the limiting member (7) abuts against the first limiting wall (16) in the manual position, and abuts against the second limiting wall (17) in the machine-controlled position.

9. The switching device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The piston rod (4) comprises a top rod (41) and a sealing diaphragm (42), the sealing diaphragm (42) is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the top rod (41), the top rod (41) is guidedly matched with the piston cavity (34), and the sealing diaphragm (42) is used for covering the manual interface (31) and the machine-controlled interface (33).

10. An anaesthesia machine characterised in that, The switch device comprises a manual vent, a machine-controlled vent, and any one of the switch devices according to claims 1 to 9, the manual vent is communicated with the manual interface (31), and the machine-controlled vent is communicated with the machine-controlled interface (33).

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