Control circuit for managing sample rack of chemiluminescence instrument

Abstract

The utility model provides a control circuit for managing a sample frame of a chemiluminescence instrument, and solves the technical problems that the existing detection sample frame needs to adopt a contact mode to obtain the state of the sample frame, and the requirements of large measurement and fast speed measurement of the chemiluminescence instrument cannot be met. The serial-to-parallel circuit and the parallel-to-serial circuit are connected with the controller, and parallel ports of the serial-to-parallel circuit are connected with a plurality of indicating lamps; a parallel port of the parallel-to-serial circuit is connected with a plurality of induction circuits; the plurality of sensing circuits comprise Hall sensors, and the Hall sensors are connected and output data acquired by the Hall sensors through a parallel-to-serial circuit; the controller is used for receiving a loading signal in the Hall sensor, a communication clock signal and serial data, and sending out a control instruction for reflecting the test state of the sample rack; and the serial-to-parallel circuit is used for receiving the control instruction and controlling the level to enable the plurality of indicator lamps to change light. The control circuit can be widely applied to the technical field of control circuits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of control circuit technology, and more specifically, relates to a control circuit for managing a sample rack of a chemiluminescence analyzer. Background Technology

[0002] A chemiluminescence analyzer is an analytical device based on the principle of chemiluminescence. It quantitatively analyzes target substances by detecting the light signals generated by chemical reactions in a sample. This instrument boasts extremely high sensitivity, capable of detecting trace amounts of compounds, and is widely used in fields such as biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Its advantages include speed, accuracy, and good repeatability. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for complex optical systems, reducing interference factors and making chemiluminescence analyzers an important tool in scientific research and technical testing.

[0003] Currently, chemiluminescence analyzers handle large sample volumes and high-speed measurements, necessitating the management of numerous sample racks. Some manufacturers currently use mechanical sensors to contact the sample racks and detect their presence and status within the sample holders. However, this method cannot provide timely updates on the real-time status of the sample racks within the sample holders, failing to meet the demands of high-volume and high-speed measurements required by chemiluminescence analyzers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a contactless solution that can detect the presence of sample racks within the sample holders, enabling effective control of the sample racks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a control circuit for managing a chemiluminescence analyzer sample rack, so as to solve the technical problem that existing sample racks require contact to obtain the status of the sample rack, which cannot meet the technical requirements of large measurement and fast measurement speed of chemiluminescence analyzers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a control circuit for managing a chemiluminescence analyzer sample rack, including a controller, a parallel-to-serial conversion circuit and a serial-to-parallel conversion circuit connected to the controller, wherein the parallel port of the parallel-to-serial conversion circuit is connected to a sensing circuit, the serial port of the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit is connected to an indicator light, the sensing circuit senses a magnet installed on the sample rack, the sensing circuit includes a Hall sensor, the Hall sensor is connected to and outputs the data acquired by the Hall sensor through the parallel-to-serial conversion circuit.

[0006] The controller receives the loading signal from the Hall sensor, the clock signal from the communication, and the serial data, and uses them to analyze and generate control commands that reflect the test status of the sample holder.

[0007] The serial-to-parallel converter receives control commands and uses them to control the level to change the indicator light.

[0008] Preferably, the parallel-to-serial circuit includes two parallel-to-serial chips, which simultaneously receive data acquired by the Hall sensor.

[0009] Preferably, in the two parallel-to-serial converter chips, the D3 to D7 pins of one of the parallel-to-serial converter chips are connected to the power supply via the 30th to 34th resistors connected in parallel.

[0010] Preferably, the sensing circuit further includes a first resistor, and the VCC pin and OUT pin of the Hall sensor are connected to the two ends of the first resistor.

[0011] Preferably, the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit includes several serial-to-parallel conversion chips arranged in series.

[0012] Preferably, the PL#, CP, and DS pins of the parallel-to-serial converter chip are connected to the controller. The PL#, CP, and DS pins are used to transmit the loading signal from the Hall sensor, the clock signal for communication, and the serial data, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the indicator light is an LED, and the LED is connected to the parallel port of the serial-to-parallel circuit via a current-limiting resistor.

[0014] Preferably, the SI pin, RCK pin, SCK pin, and QH' pin of the serial-to-parallel converter chip are connected to the controller to receive control commands.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a control circuit for managing the sample rack of a chemiluminescence analyzer. It employs a sensing circuit to automatically detect the status of the sample rack, achieving contactless sensing of the sample rack's status. This eliminates the need for manual sensor contact with the sample rack, improving automation. By using a parallel-to-serial converter to transmit data to the controller, serial data transmission is achieved, increasing the data transmission volume and improving reliability and efficiency. The combination of parallel-to-serial and parallel-to-serial converters allows for real-time reception of loading signals from Hall sensors, communication clock signals, serial data, and transmission control commands. This enables simultaneous reception of multiple data points and transmission of multiple control commands to obtain the sample rack's test status, meeting the chemiluminescence analyzer's requirements for large sample rack testing volumes and high testing speeds. Furthermore, the indicator lights are illuminated according to the control commands, providing more intuitive feedback. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1A schematic block diagram of a control circuit for managing a sample rack of a chemiluminescence analyzer, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a sensing circuit for detecting whether a sample holder is present in a sample slot, according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a parallel-to-serial converter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a serial-to-parallel conversion circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of an indicator light provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Induction circuit; 2. Parallel-to-serial circuit; 3. Controller; 4. Serial-to-parallel circuit; 5. Indicator light. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-5 This application provides a control circuit for managing a chemiluminescence analyzer sample rack, comprising: a controller 3, a parallel-to-serial converter 2 and a serial-to-parallel converter 4 connected to the controller 3. The parallel port of the parallel-to-serial converter 2 is connected to a sensing circuit, and the parallel port of the serial-to-parallel converter 4 is connected to an indicator light 5. The sensing circuit 1 senses magnets mounted on the sample rack and includes a Hall sensor. The Hall sensor is connected to and outputs data acquired by the Hall sensor through the parallel-to-serial converter 2. The controller 3 receives the loading signal, communication clock signal, and serial data from the Hall sensor for analysis to generate control commands for the sample rack's test status. The serial-to-parallel converter 4 receives the control commands and controls the level to change the indicator light 5. Here, the sensing circuit 1 is used to automatically detect the sample rack's status, reducing manual intervention and improving automation. The parallel-to-serial converter 2 and the serial-to-parallel converter 4 are used to transmit data, increasing the data transmission volume and improving the reliability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0025] Specifically, when the sample holder is placed into the sample slot, the sensing circuit 1 outputs different voltage levels under the influence of the magnet to transmit data. For details, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 2This is a circuit diagram of sensing circuit 1 for detecting the presence or absence of a sample holder in the sample slot. Sensing circuit 1 includes a Hall sensor H1 (model HX6474KSO) and a first resistor R1. The VCC and OUT pins of Hall sensor H1 are connected to the two ends of the first resistor R1 via lead wires. The first resistor R1 is used for current limiting and protection of Hall sensor H1. The VCC pin of Hall sensor H1 is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and the OUT pin of Hall sensor H1 is grounded via a third capacitor C3. A lead wire S1 from the OUT pin of Hall sensor H1 is also connected to a parallel-to-serial converter circuit 2 for transmitting the data acquired by Hall sensor H1 regarding the sample holder and itself to the parallel-to-serial converter circuit 2. The GND pin of Hall sensor H1 is grounded. It is worth noting that there is no limit to the number of sensing circuits 1; each sensing circuit 1 has the same structure and can be configured according to actual needs.

[0026] Preferably, the parallel-to-serial circuit 2 includes two parallel-to-serial chips N1 and N2, model number 74HC165D,653. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 3 The diagram below shows the circuit schematic of the parallel-to-serial converter circuit 2 of this application. The parallel-to-serial converter circuit 2 includes two parallel-to-serial chips, N1 and N2, which simultaneously receive data from the Hall sensor H1. Utilizing the simultaneous data transmission of the two parallel-to-serial chips N1 and N2 significantly improves data transmission efficiency. Furthermore, each parallel-to-serial chip processes a portion of the data transmitted from the Hall sensor H1; the combined data achieves better throughput, meeting the requirements of the chemiluminescence analyzer for large testing volumes and high measurement speeds, and providing better real-time performance.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the PL#, CP, Q7, and DS pins of the parallel-to-serial chip N1 are connected to the controller 3. These pins are used to transmit the load signal from the Hall sensor H1, the communication clock signal, and the serial data. Specifically, the PL# pin of the parallel-to-serial chip N1 is connected to the controller and transmits the LOAD_1 signal to the controller 3, where LOAD_1 is the load signal for the Hall data acquired by the Hall sensor H1; the CP pin of the parallel-to-serial chip N1 is connected to the controller and transmits the CLK_1 signal to the controller 3, where CLK_1 is the clock signal for the Hall data acquired by the Hall sensor H1; the DS pin of the parallel-to-serial chip N1 is connected to the controller 3 and transmits SI_1 to the controller 3, where SI_1 is the serial data of the Hall data acquired by the Hall sensor H1.

[0028] Specifically, pins D0 to D7 of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 are connected to Hall sensor H1 to receive data transmitted from multiple Hall sensors H1. The GND pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 is grounded, and the Q7 pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 is connected to the DS pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2. The CE# pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 is grounded, and the VCC pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 is connected to a 5V power supply. The VCC pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N1 is also connected to ground via a lead wire through the thirteenth capacitor C13.

[0029] In this circuit, one of the two parallel-to-serial converter chips, N1 and N2, has its D3 to D7 pins connected to the power supply via parallel resistors R30 to R34. These resistors prevent uneven current distribution, thus protecting the pins. The parallel resistors ensure a relatively uniform current distribution to each pin, preventing overload due to uneven current distribution. Specifically, the PL# and CP pins of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 are connected to controller 3, transmitting the LOAD_1 and CLK_1 signals to the controller respectively. The GND pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 is grounded, and its Q7 pin is connected to controller 3, outputting the data bit DATA_1 to controller 3 to determine the data transmission timing, thereby correctly synchronizing and parsing the data. Pins D0 to D2 of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 are connected to Hall sensors H1 to receive data transmitted from multiple Hall sensors H1. The CE# pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 is grounded, the VCC pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 is connected to a 5V power supply, and a wire is also led out from the VCC pin of the parallel-to-serial converter chip N2 and grounded through the fourteenth capacitor C14.

[0030] Preferably, controller 3 refers to a microcontroller of model STM32F103RCT6. After receiving and parsing the LOAD_1, CLK_1, and SI_1 signals, controller 3 sends control commands LOAD_2, CLK_2, and SI_2 to the serial-to-parallel converter 4. The control commands are then transmitted to the indicator lights 5 via the serial-to-parallel converter 4, thereby controlling the display status of the indicator lights 5 corresponding to each sample slot, achieving high real-time performance. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic of the serial-to-parallel converter circuit 4 of this application, including several serial-to-parallel converter chips (model 74HC595D,118) arranged in series. This application utilizes the series connection of multiple serial-to-parallel converter chips to expand the parallel pins, significantly increasing the number of parallel output pins, reducing design and manufacturing costs, and distributing the workload among multiple serial-to-parallel converter chips, reducing the failure rate of a single chip and improving reliability. It is worth noting that the number of serial-to-parallel converter chips is not limited here and can be set according to actual needs.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, three serial-to-parallel converters N4, N5, and N6 are connected in series. The SI, RCK, SCK, and QH' pins of serial-to-parallel converter N4 are connected to controller 3 to receive control commands. The QH' pin of serial-to-parallel converter N6 is connected to the controller and receives control command SI_2. The SCLR# and VCC pins of serial-to-parallel converter N4 are connected to a 5V power supply. A lead from the SCLR# pin of serial-to-parallel converter N4 is grounded via the eighteenth capacitor C18. The SCK pin of serial-to-parallel converter N4 is connected to controller 3 and receives control command CLK_2 from controller 3. The RCK pin of serial-to-parallel converter N4 is connected to controller 3 and receives control command LOAD_2 from controller 3. The QA to QB pins of serial-to-parallel converter N4 are connected to indicator light 5. The GND pin of serial-to-parallel converter N4 is grounded. The QH' pin of serial-to-parallel converter N4 is connected to the SI pin of serial-to-parallel converter N5. The G# pin of the serial-to-parallel converter chip N4 is grounded through the 27th resistor R27, and the SI pin of the serial-to-parallel converter chip N4 receives the data bit DATA_2 from the controller 3.

[0032] Please see Figure 5This is the circuit schematic of indicator light 5 in this application. Indicator light 5 is an RGB format LED LED1. LED1 is connected to the parallel port of the serial-to-parallel circuit 4 via a fourth current-limiting resistor R4 and a fifth current-limiting resistor R5. The fourth and fifth current-limiting resistors R4 and R5 are used to limit the current of LED1, preventing overcurrent damage and reducing overall power consumption. The different colors of light from LED1 indicate the status of the sample holder, providing a more intuitive view. The anode of LED1 is connected to both the fourth and fifth current-limiting resistors R4 and R5, while the cathode is grounded. Specifically, the first and second pins of LED1 are grounded. The first pin is connected to the negative terminal of the first photoresistor inside LED1, and the positive terminal of the first photoresistor is connected to the fourth pin of LED1. The fourth pin of LED1 is connected to the series-to-parallel conversion module via the fifth current-limiting resistor R5 to receive the control signal from the serial-to-parallel conversion chip. The second pin is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode inside LED1, and the positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the fifth pin of LED1. The fifth pin of LED1 is connected to the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit 4 via the fourth current-limiting resistor R4. LED1 indicates based on the control signal from the serial-to-parallel conversion circuit. When there is an untested sample holder in the sample slot, the fifth pin of LED1 is controlled to be at a high level and passes through the first diode, causing LED1 to display green light. When a sample holder is introduced into the test unit, the fourth and fifth pins of LED1 are controlled to be at a high level and pass through the first photoresistor and the first diode respectively, causing LED1 to display yellow light. When the sample holder test is completed, LED1 is controlled to flash green.

[0033] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A control circuit for managing a chemiluminescent instrument sample holder, comprising: The application relates to a control device for a sample rack, which comprises a controller, a serial-to-parallel circuit and a parallel-to-serial circuit connected with the controller, a parallel port of the serial-to-parallel circuit is connected with a plurality of indicator lamps, a parallel port of the parallel-to-serial circuit is connected with a plurality of induction circuits, and the induction circuits are used for inducting magnets on a sample rack. The plurality of induction circuits comprise Hall sensors, the Hall sensors are connected and output data acquired by the Hall sensors through the parallel-to-serial circuit. The controller is used for receiving a loading signal in the Hall sensors, a clock signal and serial data in communication, and sending a control instruction of a test state of a reaction sample rack. The serial-to-parallel circuit is used for receiving the control instruction, and a control level changes light of the plurality of indicator lamps.

2. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 1, wherein, A PL# pin, a CP pin and a DS pin of a parallel-to-serial chip are connected with the controller, and the PL# pin, the CP pin and the DS pin are respectively used for transmitting the loading signal in the Hall sensors, the clock signal and the serial data in communication.

3. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 2, wherein, The parallel-to-serial circuit comprises two parallel-to-serial chips, and the two parallel-to-serial chips simultaneously receive the data acquired by the Hall sensors.

4. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 3, wherein, In the two parallel-to-serial chips, a D3 pin to a D7 pin of one of the parallel-to-serial chips is connected with a power supply through third to thirty-fourth parallelly arranged resistors.

5. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 4, wherein, The induction circuit further comprises a first resistor, and a VCC pin and an OUT pin of the Hall sensor are connected with two ends of the first resistor.

6. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 5, wherein, The serial-to-parallel circuit comprises a plurality of serial-to-parallel chips arranged in series.

7. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 6, wherein, The indicator lamps are LED lamps, and the LED lamps are connected with a parallel port of the serial-to-parallel circuit through current-limiting resistors.

8. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to claim 7, wherein, SI pins, RCK pins, SCK pins and QH' pins of the serial-to-parallel chip are connected with the controller and used for receiving the control instruction.

9. The control circuit for managing a sample holder of a chemiluminescence instrument according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The controller is a single-chip microcomputer with an STM32F103RCT6 model.

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