Miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarization end-on-fire antenna and antenna array

Abstract

The antenna comprises four layers of metal and three layers of dielectric substrates, the uppermost layer is a first metal layer, and a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a second dielectric substrate, a third metal layer, a third dielectric substrate and a fourth metal layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna and comprises a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are metal substrates, the edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semicircular notches and are provided with a plurality of via holes, the second dielectric substrate is embedded into a hole column between the second metal layer and the third metal layer, and the fourth metal layer is a transmission line. And the bore log is coupled to the second metal layer through the semicircular gap, and is in feed connection through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer. According to the millimeter wave antenna, the problems of large size, narrow bandwidth and small maximum gain of the existing millimeter wave antenna are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] The 5G mobile communication era is an era of the Internet of Everything. Its technological advantages—ultra-high speed, low latency, high reliability, and large bandwidth—will establish new business standards for various fields such as autonomous driving, smart cities, virtual reality, and the industrial internet. However, currently, the deployment of communication systems is mainly concentrated in low-frequency bands. Spectrum resources below 6GHz are already quite scarce, with a maximum usable bandwidth of only 100MHz and a transmission rate not exceeding 1Gbps. This undoubtedly cannot meet the future demand of 5G services for large-bandwidth spectrum resources. Expanding the frequency range from below 6GHz to the millimeter-wave band, utilizing the abundant spectrum resources of the millimeter-wave band, will greatly alleviate the spectrum resource shortage problem for 5G. Furthermore, the millimeter-wave band has advantages such as low latency, high reliability, and strong anti-interference capabilities, which will further expand the application scope and development space of 5G.

[0003] As a key component in millimeter-wave wireless communication systems, the performance of millimeter-wave antennas directly impacts the entire communication system. However, current millimeter-wave antennas still suffer from problems such as large size, narrow bandwidth, and low maximum gain, which need to be addressed. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array, aiming to overcome the issues of large size, narrow bandwidth, and low maximum gain found in existing millimeter-wave antennas.

[0005] This utility model discloses a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna, comprising four metal layers and three dielectric substrate layers. The top layer is a first metal layer, followed by a first dielectric substrate, a second metal layer, a third metal layer, a third dielectric substrate, and a fourth metal layer. The first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna, including a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line. The second and third metal layers are both metal substrates, with corresponding semi-circular notches and multiple vias on their edges. A via is embedded in the second dielectric substrate between the second and third metal layers. The fourth metal layer is a transmission line with a via. The via is coupled to the second metal layer through the semi-circular notches and fed through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer.

[0006] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the width of the symmetrical dipole antenna is 0.2-0.5mm and the length is 4-6mm.

[0007] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the transmission line of the symmetrical dipole antenna is divided into two branch lines, wherein the right branch line first transmits to the right, then forward, and finally to the left, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

[0008] A further technical solution of this utility model is that the length of the metal substrate is 4.5-6mm and the width is 1.4-2.2mm.

[0009] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the radius of the semi-circular notch is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0010] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the via radius of the second metal layer and the third metal layer is 0.1-0.2mm, and the hole spacing is 0.55-0.7mm.

[0011] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the transmission line of the fourth metal layer is 50. Ω And a 100-meter section is set in the center of it. Ω The transmission line.

[0012] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the fourth metal layer is coupled to the second metal layer through a via with a radius of 0.15-0.4mm.

[0013] A further technical solution of this utility model is: the thickness ranges of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are 0.127-0.254mm, 1.570-1.580mm and 0.127-0.254mm respectively, and the thickness of the four metal layers is 0.030-0.040mm.

[0014] This utility model discloses a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array, which is composed of the aforementioned miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna as a unit and adopts a 1x4 unit structure with a spacing of 6.0-7.5mm between each unit.

[0015] This invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array, applicable to the 25-35GHz frequency band, with a dual-polarization bandwidth of 18%-26% and a maximum gain of 9.8-11dB. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna element has a volume of 2.232*5.2*2.72mm. 3 At that time, the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelengths. 3 The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna element has a volume of 2.232*24.1*2.72mm. 3At that time, the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelengths. 3 In summary, the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array of this invention overcome the problems of large size, narrow bandwidth, and low maximum gain of existing millimeter-wave antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit structure according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first metal layer planar structure of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth metal layer planar structure of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the through-hole of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a gain curve of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array according to an embodiment of this utility model; wherein Figure 7 (a) is a vertical polarization beam scan diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 (b) is a horizontal polarization beam scan of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0025] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] In the embodiments, the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit of this utility model is as follows: Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes four metal layers and three dielectric substrates. The top layer is the first metal layer 1, followed by the first dielectric substrate 3, the second metal layer 4, the second dielectric substrate 5, the third metal layer 6, the third dielectric substrate 7, and the fourth metal layer 8. The first metal layer 1 is a symmetrical dipole antenna, including a rectangular waveguide and a transmission line. The second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 are both metal substrates. The edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semi-circular notches and multiple vias. The post 9 is embedded between the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 in the second dielectric substrate 5. The fourth metal layer 8 is a transmission line and has a via. The post 10 is coupled to the second metal layer 4 through the semi-circular notch and is fed through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer 1.

[0029] The symmetrical dipole antenna in the first metal layer 1 has a width of 0.2-0.5 mm and a length of 4-6 mm.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission line (50 ohms) of the symmetrical dipole antenna in the first metal layer 1 is divided into two branch lines 2 (100 ohms). The right branch line first transmits to the right through the transmission line, then forward through the transmission line, and finally to the left through the transmission line, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

[0031] The length of the two metal substrates, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6, is 4.5-6 mm and the width is 1.4-2.2 mm.

[0032] The radius of the semi-circular notch provided in the two metal substrates, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6, is 0.4-0.5 mm.

[0033] The via radius of the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 is 0.1-0.2 mm, and the via spacing is 0.55-0.7 mm.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the transmission line of the fourth metal layer 8 is 50 ohms, and there is a transmission line of 100 ohms in the center of it.

[0035] The fourth metal layer 8 is coupled to the second metal layer 4 through a via with a radius of 0.15-0.4 mm.

[0036] The thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate 3, the second dielectric substrate 5, and the third dielectric substrate 7 are 0.127-0.254 mm, 1.570-1.580 mm, and 0.127-0.254 mm, respectively, and the thicknesses of the four metal layers are all 0.030-0.040 mm.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the antenna element consists of four metal layers and three dielectric substrate layers. The top layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna with a width of 0.27 mm and a length of 5.2 mm. Its rear end is fed through a rectangular waveguide, and signal transmission is achieved using a 0.76 mm (50 ohms) wide transmission line. This transmission line branches into two 0.22 mm wide branches. The right branch first transmits 1.47 mm to the right through a 0.25 mm wide transmission line, then forward 0.3 mm through a 0.1 mm wide transmission line, and finally to the left 1.59 mm through another 0.25 mm wide transmission line. This design creates a 180° phase difference between the two branches, thus supporting the radiation of the symmetrical dipole.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the second metal layer 4 and the third metal layer 6 are both metal substrates with a length of 5.2 mm and a width of 1.5 mm. A circular area with a radius of 0.45 mm is cut out from the center of the front end of each substrate. The rear end of the substrate has seven vias with a radius of 0.15 mm and a spacing of 0.68 mm.

[0039] The fourth metal layer 8 is a transmission line 0.76 mm wide (50 ohms) and 1.9 mm long, with a 0.12 mm transmission line in the center. The front end is coupled to the metal substrate of the second layer through a via with a radius of 0.25 mm and connected by a rectangular waveguide feed.

[0040] The heights of the first dielectric substrate 3, the second dielectric substrate 5, and the third dielectric substrate 7 used between the four metal layers (Rogers 5880) are 0.254 mm, 1.575 mm, and 0.254 mm, respectively, while the thickness of the metal layers is the common 0.035 mm.

[0041] In another embodiment, a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array is composed of the aforementioned miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antennas as units, and adopts a 1x4 unit structure with a spacing of 6-7.5 mm between units. Preferably, the spacing between units is 6.3 mm.

[0042] To further illustrate the excellent performance of the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and array of this utility model, modeling and simulation were performed on this embodiment.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a simulation result diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna unit according to this embodiment. Figure 5 It can be seen that the dual-polarization bandwidth is 27GHz-34.8GHz, or 25.2%.

[0044] Figure 6This is a gain curve diagram of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna element according to this embodiment. Figure 6 It can be seen that the maximum gain of dual polarization at 29 GHz is 9.8 dB / 10.3 dB.

[0045] The unit volume is readily apparent from the structure: 2.232 * 5.2 * 2.72 mm. 3 The wavelength of the 29GHz beam scanning band is 10.345mm, therefore the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelengths. 3 .

[0046] The unit volume is readily apparent from the structure: 2.232 * 25.3 * 2.72 mm. 3 Since the wavelength of the 29GHz beam scanning band is 10.345mm, the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelengths. 3 .

[0047] Figure 7 Figure (a) shows the simulation results of a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array according to this embodiment. The scanning angle at 29 GHz with vertical polarization greater than 7 dBi is ±40°. Figure (b) shows the scanning angle at 29 GHz with horizontal polarization greater than 7 dBi is ±50°.

[0048] This invention provides a miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array, applicable to the 25-35GHz frequency band, with a dual-polarization bandwidth of 18%-26% and a maximum gain of 9.8-11dB. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna element has a volume of 2.232*5.2*2.72mm. 3 At that time, the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the unit volume is less than 0.03 wavelengths. 3 The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna element has a volume of 2.232*24.1*2.72mm. 3 At that time, the wavelength of the beam scanning frequency band 29GHz is 10.345mm, so the array volume is less than 0.15 wavelengths. 3 In summary, the miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna and antenna array of this invention overcome the problems of large size, narrow bandwidth, and low maximum gain of existing millimeter-wave antennas.

[0049] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna, characterized in that, The four-layer metal and three-layer dielectric substrate are provided, the uppermost layer is the first metal layer, and the first dielectric substrate, the second metal layer, the second dielectric substrate, the third metal layer, the third dielectric substrate and the fourth metal layer are sequentially arranged downwards, wherein the first metal layer is a symmetrical dipole antenna, the second metal layer and the third metal layer are metal substrates, the edges of the two metal substrates are provided with corresponding semicircular notches, and a plurality of through holes are arranged, the hole columns are embedded between the second metal layer and the third metal layer and the second dielectric substrate, the fourth metal layer is a transmission line and is provided with a through hole, the hole column is coupled to the second metal layer through the semicircular notch, and the fourth metal layer is connected through the rectangular waveguide of the first metal layer.

2. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The symmetrical dipole antenna has a width of 0.2-0.5mm and a length of 4-6mm.

3. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission line of the symmetrical dipole antenna is divided into two branch lines, the right branch line is transmitted rightwards first, then frontwards, and finally leftwards, so that a phase difference of 180° is formed between the two branch lines.

4. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The metal substrate has a length of 4.5-6mm and a width of 1.4-2.2mm.

5. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The semicircular notch has a radius of 0.4-0.5mm.

6. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The through holes of the second metal layer and the third metal layer have a radius of 0.1-0.2mm and a hole spacing of 0.55-0.7mm.

7. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission line of the fourth metal layer is 50 Ω , and a 100 Ω m long transmission line is centrally arranged.

8. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The fourth metal layer is coupled and connected with the second metal layer through the through hole with a radius of 0.15-0.4mm.

9. The miniaturized 5G millimeter-wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are 0.127-0.254mm, 1.570-1.580mm and 0.127-0.254mm respectively, and the thicknesses of the four-layer metal are all 0.030-0.040mm.

10. A miniaturized 5G millimeter wave wideband dual-polarized end-fire antenna array, characterized in that, The miniaturized 5G millimeter wave broadband dual-polarized end-fire antenna is composed of units according to any one of claims 1-9, and adopts a 1x4 unit structure, and the spacing between the units is 6.0-7.5mm.

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