Box-type substation and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a box-type substation and a photovoltaic system. The box-type substation comprises a box body, a partition plate, a plurality of radiators, a plurality of fans, a transformer, a ring main unit and a low-voltage cabinet. The partition plate is arranged in the box body and divides the interior of the box body into a switch cabinet chamber and a transformer chamber in the length direction of the box-type substation. The switch cabinet chamber accommodates a ring main unit and a low-voltage cabinet, and the transformer chamber accommodates a transformer, a plurality of radiators and a plurality of fans. The transformer comprises a first side face, a second side face, a third side face and a fourth side face, the first side face and the second side face are oppositely arranged in the length direction of the box-type substation, the first side face is the side face, facing the partition plate, of the transformer in the length direction of the box-type substation, and the third side face and the fourth side face are oppositely arranged in the width direction of the box-type substation; one or more of the second side surface, the third side surface and the fourth side surface are provided with radiators, and the plurality of fans and at least part of the radiators are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the box-type substation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, and in particular to a prefabricated substation and a photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] A prefabricated substation is a type of substation that integrates medium- and low-voltage complete sets of equipment and transformers into a specially designed enclosure. Prefabricated and assembled in a factory, it can be used outdoors. Due to its compact structure, high degree of integration, flexible deployment, and easy installation, prefabricated substations are widely used in new energy power generation scenarios such as photovoltaic and wind power. With the increase in input power on the generation side, the demand for large-capacity, high-power-density prefabricated substations is becoming increasingly strong. As the capacity increases, the corresponding heat dissipation requirements also increase. The inside of the transformer is very sensitive to temperature; to ensure the service life of the transformer, its temperature rise needs to be controlled within a certain range. Therefore, heat dissipation capacity has become a bottleneck for increasing the capacity of prefabricated substations. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a prefabricated substation and a photovoltaic system, which can effectively increase the space of the transformer room, allow for the deployment of more heat sinks, and improve heat dissipation capacity.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a two-section layout prefabricated substation, comprising a enclosure, a partition, multiple radiators, multiple fans, a transformer, a ring main unit (RNU), and a low-voltage switchgear. The low-voltage switchgear is used to connect a photovoltaic inverter, and the RNU is used to connect to the power grid. A partition is disposed within the enclosure, dividing the enclosure into a switchgear compartment and a transformer compartment along the length of the prefabricated substation. The switchgear compartment houses the RNU and the low-voltage switchgear, while the transformer compartment houses the transformer, multiple radiators, and multiple fans. The transformer includes a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side. The first and second sides are arranged opposite each other along the length of the prefabricated substation. The first side is the side of the transformer facing the partition along the length of the prefabricated substation. The third and fourth sides are arranged opposite each other along the width of the prefabricated substation. One or more of the second, third, and fourth sides are equipped with radiators, and the multiple fans and at least some of the radiators are arranged opposite each other along the length of the prefabricated substation.

[0005] In this application, the enclosure is divided into a switchgear room and a transformer room by partitions. The overall layout of the prefabricated substation is two-sectioned, compared to the conventional three-section layout. In the former, partitions are installed on opposite sides of the transformer room, forming a transformer room, a high-voltage room, and a low-voltage room. Removing the partition between the transformer room and the high-voltage (or low-voltage) room effectively increases the space of the transformer room. This larger space allows for the placement of more radiators, improving heat dissipation capacity and facilitating the further development of larger transformers and increased overall capacity. Furthermore, the introduction of fans accelerates airflow within the transformer room, aiding the radiators in cooling down more quickly. This achieves a lower cost-effective improvement in overall heat dissipation. The fans also directly blow air onto some radiators, and side-blowing further accelerates cooling of those radiators. Simultaneously, side-blowing can cover multiple radiators within the transformer room, facilitating cooling of multiple radiators and thus enhancing overall heat dissipation capacity.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, along the length of the prefabricated substation, the fan is located between the radiator and the partition plate opposite to the fan.

[0007] With this configuration, the fan can blow the heat from the radiator opposite to the fan toward the side away from the switch cabinet compartment. The heat can be directly dissipated to the outside of the cabinet from the cabinet opposite the second side, the third side, and the fourth side, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency. It can also reduce the impact of heat generated in the transformer compartment on the low-voltage cabinets and ring main units in the switch cabinet compartment, which is conducive to improving the overall heat dissipation capacity of the unit.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the prefabricated substation also includes a mounting frame, which includes a plurality of mounting holes arranged along the height direction of the prefabricated substation. The mounting holes penetrate two opposite sides of the mounting frame along the length direction of the prefabricated substation, and the mounting holes are used to install fans.

[0009] Multiple fans are fixed on the mounting holes of the mounting bracket and arranged along the height of the box-type substation. This reduces the space occupied by the mounting bracket and multiple fans in the transformer room, which is conducive to deploying more radiators for heat dissipation in the transformer room. In addition, the air outlets of multiple fans can cover the entire radiator from top to bottom as much as possible, which accelerates the cooling of the radiator and helps to improve the heat dissipation capacity.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the fan and the mounting hole are set up in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the transformer includes an oil-immersed transformer, the oil tank of which houses the transformer, the oil tank forming a first side, a second side, a third side, and a fourth side, the prefabricated substation also includes an oil pool for storing oil leaking from the oil tank; the oil pool and multiple radiators are stacked along the height direction of the prefabricated substation, the oil pool is located at the bottom of the multiple radiators, the oil pool and the oil tank are stacked along the height direction of the prefabricated substation, and the oil tank is located on top of the oil pool.

[0012] An integrated oil tank is incorporated at the bottom of the transformer to store any insulating oil that may leak from the tank, preventing environmental pollution. Furthermore, integrating the oil tank within the prefabricated substation reduces on-site construction and facilitates rapid installation and layout. Additionally, the insulating oil inside the tank directly exchanges heat with the transformer, and the heat is further dissipated to the outside of the tank via an external radiator, thus achieving effective heat dissipation for the transformer.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the mounting bracket is connected and fixed to the side of the oil sump facing the oil tank.

[0014] Fixing the bracket to the oil tank, compared to fixing the fan to the radiator or oil tank, avoids the fan's weight from putting extra burden on the radiator or oil tank, prevents fatigue damage to the side wall of the oil tank caused by fan vibration during operation or transportation, and avoids accidents such as oil leakage caused by cracks in the welding positions between the fan and the oil tank.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the prefabricated substation includes high-voltage side bushings and low-voltage side bushings. Both the high-voltage side bushings and the low-voltage side bushings are located on the first side and penetrate the partition, and are electrically connected to the ring main unit and the low-voltage switchgear, respectively.

[0016] Both the high-voltage and low-voltage bushings are located on the first side closest to the partition, which saves the space occupied by the high-voltage and low-voltage bushings in the transformer room along the length of the box-type substation. This allows space to be freed up on the second, third, and fourth sides of the transformer for radiators, thus improving heat dissipation capacity.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the prefabricated substation includes a high-voltage side bushing and a low-voltage side bushing. One of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is located on a first side along the length of the prefabricated substation, and the other of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is located on a third or fourth side and on the side of at least one fan facing the partition.

[0018] The wiring of the high-voltage side bushing or low-voltage side bushing located on the third or fourth side will not affect the arrangement of the heat sink on the third or fourth side, and can effectively shorten the lead length of the high-voltage side bushing or low-voltage side bushing, which is beneficial to reducing costs.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in an implementation in which one of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is located on the first side along the length of the box-type substation, and the other of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is located on the third or fourth side and on the side of at least one fan facing the partition, the first side is provided with a radiator.

[0020] This configuration provides sufficient space between the first side of the transformer and the partition to place a heat sink. The heat sink between the first side and the partition enhances the heat dissipation of the low-voltage side bushing and the high-voltage side bushing, which helps to improve the overall heat dissipation capacity of the unit.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, there are multiple high-voltage side bushings and multiple low-voltage side bushings, and these multiple high-voltage side bushings and multiple low-voltage side bushings are arranged along the height direction of the box-type substation.

[0022] This configuration effectively saves space along the width of the prefabricated substation between the first side and the partition, as well as space along the length of the prefabricated substation where the transformer is located on the third or fourth side. This allows for the arrangement of more heat sinks on the first, third, or fourth side, improving heat dissipation capacity and enhancing heat dissipation for both high-voltage and low-voltage bushings, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation capacity of the unit.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the enclosure includes a top plate, a first side plate, and a second side plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are connected to the edge of the top plate. The first side plate and the second side plate are arranged opposite to each other along the width direction of the box-type substation. Both the first side plate and the second side plate are provided with louvers.

[0024] The louvers on the first and second side plates can help achieve ventilation and heat dissipation, while effectively preventing rainwater from entering the transformer room.

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the enclosure also includes a third side panel connected to the edge of the top panel of the enclosure. The third side panel and the partition are arranged opposite to each other along the length of the prefabricated substation. An exhaust vent is provided on the third side panel, and the third side panel and the fan are arranged opposite to each other along the length of the prefabricated substation.

[0026] An exhaust vent is opened on the third side panel away from the fan, leaving space for air circulation in the transformer room to facilitate ventilation and heat dissipation; and the third side panel is directly opposite the fan, which can effectively increase the rate at which hot air in the transformer room is discharged from the box and accelerate heat dissipation.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a photovoltaic system including a photovoltaic inverter and a prefabricated substation as implemented in any of the first aspects. The photovoltaic inverter is used to convert direct current from photovoltaic modules or energy storage batteries into alternating current and output the alternating current to the prefabricated substation. The prefabricated substation is used to step up the alternating current output by the photovoltaic inverter and then output it to the power grid. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0029] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system network configuration according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated substation according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a prefabricated substation provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] X - Length direction; Y - Width direction; Z - Height direction; 10 - Enclosure; 11 - Transformer compartment; 12 - Switch cabinet compartment; 13 - Top plate; 14 - First side plate; 15 - Second side plate; 16 - Third side plate; 17 - Louvered opening; 18 - Exhaust vent; 20 - Partition; 30 - Transformer; 31 - Oil tank; 311 - First side; 312 - Second side; 313 - Third side; 314 - Fourth side; 32 - High-voltage side bushing; 33 - Low-voltage side bushing; 40-Ring mains unit; 50-Low voltage switchgear; 60-Radiator; 61-Radiator fins; 70-Fan; 80-Fixed bracket; 81-Mounting hole; 90-Oil tank; 91-Oil extraction valve; 92-Metal wall; 93-Oil-water separator; 94-Reception cavity; 100-Box-type substation; 200-Photovoltaic module; 300a-Photovoltaic inverter; 300b-Energy storage converter; 300-Power converter; 400-Step-up substation; 500-Power grid; 600-Energy storage system. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system network according to an embodiment of this application. The photovoltaic system can be a residential photovoltaic system, a large-scale ground-mounted power station, or a photovoltaic-storage system for industrial and commercial applications. The photovoltaic module 200 converts solar energy into direct current (DC) through the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic inverter 300a converts the DC output from the photovoltaic module 200 into alternating current (AC) and further transmits the AC to the prefabricated substation 100. The prefabricated substation 100 converts the low-voltage AC output from the photovoltaic inverter 300a into medium-voltage AC and further transmits the AC to the step-up substation 400 (grid 500) or the prefabricated substation 100 corresponding to the energy storage system 600. The energy storage system 600 stores the unstable electrical energy from the photovoltaic module 200 and outputs stable electrical energy to the grid 500 through the energy storage converter 300b and the corresponding prefabricated substation 100. It can be understood that the energy storage system 600 includes an energy storage battery, and the DC power from the energy storage battery is converted into AC power by the energy storage converter 300b. The energy storage converter 300b is also used to convert the AC power from the prefabricated substation 100 corresponding to the energy storage system 600 into DC power to charge the energy storage system 600.

[0039] Among them, the prefabricated substation 100 is a type of substation that integrates medium and low voltage complete sets of equipment and transformers into a prefabricated and assembled enclosure with a specific appearance. After being transported to the site, it can be directly connected and used, and has advantages such as convenient installation, flexible layout, short construction period, and easy relocation.

[0040] Figure 1In the photovoltaic system shown, the photovoltaic inverter 300a and the energy storage converter 300b are the core devices for power conversion, and they are collectively referred to as power converter 300.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The prefabricated substation 100 includes a housing 10, a partition 20, a transformer 30, a ring main unit 40, a low-voltage switchgear 50, multiple radiators 60, multiple fans 70, and a mounting frame 80. The partition 20 is disposed inside the housing 10 and connected and fixed to the housing 10. The partition 20 divides the interior of the housing 10 along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100 into a transformer compartment 11 and a switchgear compartment 12. The transformer compartment 11 houses the transformer 30, multiple radiators 60, multiple fans 70, and the mounting frame 80. The switchgear compartment 12 houses the ring main unit 40 and the low-voltage switchgear 50. The transformer 30 is spaced apart from the housing 10. The fans 70 are mounted on the mounting frame 80 and are used to accelerate the airflow in the transformer compartment 11, so that the heat inside the transformer compartment 11 is transferred through the radiators 60.

[0042] Typically, the prefabricated substation 100 has a three-section layout, with partitions 20 on both opposite sides of the transformer room 11, forming a transformer room 11, a high-voltage room, and a low-voltage room. In this application, the prefabricated substation 100 is divided into a switch cabinet room 12 and a transformer room 11 by a partition 20 inside the enclosure 10. The overall layout of the prefabricated substation 100 is two-section. Compared with the conventional three-section layout of the prefabricated substation 100, the partition 20 between the transformer room 11 and the high-voltage room (or low-voltage room) is removed. The space saved effectively increases the space of the transformer room 11. The larger space is also conducive to arranging more radiators 60, which is beneficial to improving heat dissipation capacity. In addition, the saved space is conducive to further increasing the size of the transformer 30 and increasing the overall capacity.

[0043] In addition, the introduction of fan 70 accelerates the airflow speed in transformer chamber 11 and assists radiator 60 in accelerating heat dissipation, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation capacity of the unit at a lower cost.

[0044] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a prefabricated substation 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The prefabricated enclosure 10 includes a top plate 13, a first side plate 14, a second side plate 15, and a third side plate 16. The top plate 13 is disposed on top of the first side plate 14, the second side plate 15, and the third side plate 16. The first side plate 14 and the second side plate 15 are respectively connected to the opposite edges of the top plate 13 along the width direction Y of the prefabricated substation 100, and the third side plate 16 is connected to the edge of the top plate 13 along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100 away from the partition 20.

[0045] A portion of the top plate 13, the first side plate 14, the second side plate 15, the third side plate 16, and the partition 20 form a transformer chamber 11, while another portion of the top plate 13 and the partition 20 form a switchgear chamber 12.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, the top plate 13 adopts a closed structure to prevent rainwater from falling and eroding components such as the transformer 30 and the fan 70, and to ensure the structural strength of the top plate 13, ensure the impact resistance of the housing 10, and reduce damage to the transformer 30.

[0047] The enclosure 10 may also include a bottom plate, with the bottom plate and top plate 13 positioned opposite each other along the height direction Z of the enclosure substation 100. Alternatively, the enclosure 10 may not have a bottom plate and may be directly connected to the installation ground.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first side panel 14 and the second side panel 15 can be openable and closable door panels, which can be opened and closed at multiple angles along the connection points of the first side panel 14 and the second side panel 15 relative to the top plate 13 via hinges, hydraulic struts, or other devices. During normal operation of the prefabricated substation 100, the openable first side panel 14 and the second side panel 15 are both in a closed state, which can isolate some noise and prevent wind and dust from contaminating internal components such as the transformer 30, heat exchanger 60, and fan 70. During inspections of the prefabricated substation 100, the open first side panel 14 and the second side panel 15 can provide shade and rain protection for maintenance personnel, improving serviceability. In other embodiments, the first side panel 14 and the second side panel 15 can open and close relative to the enclosure 10 along the Z-axis of the height of the prefabricated substation 100.

[0049] In one embodiment, both the first side plate 14 and the second side plate 15 are provided with louvered holes 17, which can help achieve ventilation and heat dissipation, and at the same time effectively prevent rainwater from entering the transformer room 11.

[0050] The third side panel 16 has an exhaust vent 18, which connects the transformer compartment 11 and the outside of the enclosure 10. The exhaust vent 18 on the third side panel 16 provides ventilation and heat dissipation for the transformer compartment 11, and also allows for natural heat dissipation and condensation dissipation. Furthermore, avoiding openings in the top panel 13 significantly reduces rainwater erosion, lowering the risk of rust on components such as the transformer 30 and fan 70 inside the transformer compartment 11. Simultaneously, it ensures the structural strength of the top panel 13, guarantees the impact resistance of the enclosure 10, and reduces damage to the transformer 30.

[0051] The third side plate 16 and the fan 70 are arranged opposite each other along the length X of the box-type substation 100, and multiple radiators 60 are arranged between the third side plate 16 and the fan 70. An exhaust vent 18 is opened on the third side plate 16 on the side away from the fan 70, leaving space for air circulation in the transformer room 11 to facilitate ventilation and heat dissipation; moreover, the third side plate 16 is directly opposite the fan 70, which can effectively increase the rate at which hot air in the transformer room 11 is discharged from the box 10 and accelerate heat dissipation.

[0052] For example, the third side panel 16 is a mesh panel to form an exhaust vent 18. The third side panel 16 adopts the form of a mesh panel to achieve full-area ventilation and further accelerate heat dissipation.

[0053] The noise reduction function of the transformer chamber 11 is achieved by the top plate 13, the first side plate 14, the second side plate 15, the third side plate 16 and the partition plate 20 surrounding the transformer 30.

[0054] A transformer 30 is placed in the middle of the transformer room 11. The outer periphery of the transformer 30 is spaced apart from the housing 10 so that a radiator 60, a fan 70 and a fixing frame 80 can be installed between the outer periphery of the transformer 30 and the housing 10. This ensures the uniformity of airflow distribution around the transformer 30 and helps to reduce or avoid local overheating of the transformer 30.

[0055] The switchgear compartment 12 houses two types of cabinets: low-voltage switchgear 50 and ring main unit 40. When both the ring main unit 40 and the low-voltage switchgear 50 are outdoor types, the switchgear compartment 12 does not require a door and can be used directly outdoors. When both the ring main unit 40 and the low-voltage switchgear 50 are indoor types, a door is installed on the side of the switchgear compartment 12 to improve the protection capabilities of the indoor ring main unit 40 and the indoor low-voltage switchgear 50.

[0056] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation 100 from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application. The transformer 30 includes a first side 311, a second side 312, a third side 313, and a fourth side 314. The first side 311 and the second side 312 are arranged opposite each other along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100. The first side 311 is the side of the transformer facing the partition 20 along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100. The third side 313 and the fourth side 314 are arranged opposite each other along the width direction Y of the prefabricated substation 100.

[0057] One or more of the second side 312, the third side 313 and the fourth side 314 are provided with a heat sink 60.

[0058] Preferably, the second side 312, the third side 313, and the fourth side 314 are each provided with multiple heat sinks 60. Specifically, one or more heat sinks 60 are provided between the second side 312 and the third side plate 16, one or more heat sinks 60 are provided between the third side 313 and the first side plate 14, and one or more heat sinks 60 are provided between the fourth side 314 and the second side plate 15. In this way, heat dissipation is achieved by multiple heat sinks 60 that partially surround the transformer 30, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the transformer 30.

[0059] In this application, multiple fans 70 and at least some radiators 60 are arranged opposite each other along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100. The fans 70 blow air directly onto some of the radiators 60 and blow air from the side of the radiators 60 to accelerate the cooling of some of the radiators 60. At the same time, the side air blowing can cover multiple radiators 60 in the transformer room 11, which is beneficial to the cooling of multiple radiators 60, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0060] Along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100, a fan 70 is positioned between a radiator 60 and a partition 20, opposite to the fan 70. This arrangement allows the fan 70 to blow heat from the radiator 60 opposite to the fan 70 towards the side away from the switchgear compartment 12. Heat can be directly dissipated from the enclosure 10 opposite the second side 312 (e.g., the third side panel 16), the enclosure 10 opposite the third side 313 (e.g., the first side panel 14), and the enclosure 10 opposite the fourth side 314 (e.g., the second side panel 15) to the outside of the enclosure 10, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, it reduces the impact of heat generated in the transformer compartment 11 on the ring main unit 40 and low-voltage switchgear 50 in the switchgear compartment 12, thus enhancing the overall heat dissipation capacity of the unit.

[0061] Specifically, multiple fans 70 are provided between the third side 313 and the first side plate 14, and between the fourth side 314 and the second side plate 15. Multiple radiators 60 at the third side 313 and their corresponding fans 70 are arranged opposite each other along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100. Similarly, multiple radiators 60 at the fourth side 314 and their corresponding fans 70 are arranged opposite each other along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100. This arrangement allows the fans 70 at the third side 313 and the fourth side 314 to promote airflow on both sides of the transformer 30, ensuring a more uniform airflow distribution around the transformer 30. This helps reduce or avoid localized overheating of the transformer 30, ensuring a more balanced temperature distribution throughout the transformer 30 and extending its service life.

[0062] The transformer 30 can be an oil-immersed transformer, which consists of an oil tank 31, insulating oil stored in the oil tank 31, and the transformer 30 housed within the oil tank 31. The oil tank 31 forms a first side 311, a second side 312, a third side 313, and a fourth side 314. The insulating oil in the oil tank 31 directly exchanges heat with the transformer 30, and the heat is further dissipated to the outside of the enclosure 10 by the radiator 60 outside the oil tank 31, thus achieving heat dissipation for the transformer 30.

[0063] In other embodiments, transformer 30 may also be a dry-type transformer, a two-winding transformer, or a three-winding transformer, etc.

[0064] In the embodiments of this application, a high-voltage winding and a low-voltage winding are provided inside the transformer 30. The high-voltage winding is electrically connected to the ring main unit 40 through the high-voltage side bushing 32 of the transformer 30; the low-voltage winding is electrically connected to the low-voltage cabinet 50 through the low-voltage side bushing 33 of the transformer 30.

[0065] In one embodiment, the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 are located on the first side 311 and penetrate the partition 20, so that the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 are electrically connected to the ring main unit 40 and the low-voltage cabinet 50, respectively. Since both the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 are located on the first side 311 closest to the partition 20, this saves space occupied by the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100 in the transformer room 11. This allows for the freeing up of space on the second side 312, the third side 313, and the fourth side 314 of the transformer 30 to accommodate the radiator 60, thereby improving heat dissipation capacity.

[0066] In another embodiment, one of the high-pressure side bushing 32 and the low-pressure side bushing 33 is located on the first side 311, and the other of the high-pressure side bushing 32 and the low-pressure side bushing 33 is located on the third side 313 or the fourth side 314 and is situated on the side of at least one fan 70 facing the partition 20. Thus, the wiring of the high-pressure side bushing 32 or the low-pressure side bushing 33 located on the third side 313 or the fourth side 314 will not affect the arrangement of the radiator 60 on the third side 313 or the fourth side 314, while effectively shortening the lead length of the high-pressure side bushing 32 or the low-pressure side bushing 33, which helps to reduce costs.

[0067] In addition, in this embodiment, a heat sink 60 can be provided on the first side 311. Since only one of the high-pressure side bushing 32 and the low-pressure side bushing 33 is provided on the first side 311, there is enough space between the first side 311 and the partition 20 to place the heat sink 60. The heat sink 60 between the first side 311 and the partition 20 enhances the heat dissipation of the high-pressure side bushing 32 and the low-pressure side bushing 33, which is beneficial to improving the overall heat dissipation capacity.

[0068] In this application, both the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 are located close to the partition plate 20. Compared with the three-section layout where the high-voltage and low-voltage side bushings 33 are located on opposite sides of the transformer 30, this saves the space occupied by the high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 along the length X of the box-type substation 100 in the transformer room 11. The high-voltage side bushing 32 and the low-voltage side bushing 33 can be flexibly arranged on adjacent sides or the same side of the transformer 30, which is conducive to freeing up space on other sides of the transformer 30 to arrange the radiator 60, and is conducive to improving the heat dissipation capacity.

[0069] Please combine Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated substation 100 from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application. There are multiple high-voltage side bushings 32 and multiple low-voltage side bushings 33, all arranged along the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100. This arrangement effectively saves space along the width direction Y of the prefabricated substation 100 between the first side 311 and the partition 20, and also saves space along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100 where the transformer 30 is located on the third side 313 or the fourth side 314. Thus, more sets of heat sinks 60 can be arranged on the first side 311, the third side 313, or the fourth side 314, improving heat dissipation capacity and simultaneously enhancing heat dissipation for the high-voltage side bushings 32 and the low-voltage side bushings 33, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation capacity of the substation.

[0070] The radiator 60 includes multiple heat dissipation fins 61. The arrangement direction of the multiple heat dissipation fins 61 on each radiator 60 is perpendicular to the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100. Specifically, the multiple heat dissipation fins 61 of the radiators 60 at the first side 311 and the second side 312 are arranged along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100; the multiple heat dissipation fins 61 of the radiators 60 at the third side 313 and the fourth side 314 are arranged along the width direction Y of the prefabricated substation 100. Since the fan 70 is a side-blowing type, when the fan 70 drives the air flow in the transformer chamber 11, the flowing air can flow through the heat dissipation fins 61 to one side of the third side plate 16, and the heat in the transformer chamber 11 is discharged outside the enclosure 10 through the exhaust port 18 on the third side plate 16.

[0071] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 6 , Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated substation 100 from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application. In this application, a mounting bracket 80 is disposed inside the transformer compartment 11 and spaced apart from the transformer 30. The mounting bracket 80 is used to install the fan 70 and is located between the partition plate 20 and the third side plate 16 along the length X of the prefabricated substation 100. The mounting bracket 80 is spaced apart from the transformer 30, and neither the fan 70 nor the mounting bracket 80 is connected to the transformer 30, thus decoupling the fan 70 from the transformer 30. This reduces or avoids fatigue damage to the transformer 30 caused by vibration of the fan 70 during operation or transportation, which is beneficial to ensuring the service life of the transformer 30. When the transformer 30 is an oil-immersed transformer, it can effectively reduce or avoid vibration damage to the sidewall of the oil tank 31, ensuring the service life of the oil tank 31.

[0072] For example, the mounting bracket 80 and the fan 70 are both located on the third side 313 and the fourth side 314 of the transformer 30. The fan 70 can blow directly onto the radiator 60 to accelerate heat dissipation. In other embodiments, the fan 70 and the mounting bracket 80 may also be located between the top plate 13 and the transformer 30, or the fan 70 and the mounting bracket 80 may be located at the bottom of the transformer 30.

[0073] Specifically, the mounting bracket 80 includes multiple mounting holes 81 arranged along the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100. The mounting holes 81 penetrate both opposite sides of the mounting bracket 80 along the length direction X of the prefabricated substation 100. The mounting holes 81 are used to mount fans 70, with each mounting hole 81 corresponding to a fan 70. Multiple fans 70 are fixed to the mounting holes 81 of the mounting bracket 80 and arranged along the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100. This reduces the space occupied by the mounting bracket 80 and the multiple fans 70 within the transformer room 11, allowing for the deployment of more radiators 60 for heat dissipation within the transformer room 11. Furthermore, the air outlets of the multiple fans 70 can cover the entire radiator 60 from top to bottom as much as possible, accelerating the cooling of the radiator 60 and improving heat dissipation capacity.

[0074] The fan 70 blows sideways onto multiple radiators 60 through the mounting holes 81 of the mounting bracket 80, which can prevent rainwater from directly contacting the fan 70, which is beneficial for corrosion prevention, reduces rust, and improves the service life of the fan 70.

[0075] When the transformer 30 is an oil-immersed transformer, the prefabricated substation 100 also includes an oil sump 90, which stores the insulating oil leaking from the oil tank 31 of the transformer 30. The oil sump 90 and multiple radiators 60 are stacked along the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100, with the oil sump 90 located at the bottom of the multiple radiators 60, specifically on the side of the multiple radiators 60 facing away from the top plate 13. The oil sump 90 and oil tank 31 are also stacked along the height direction Z of the prefabricated substation 100, with the oil tank 31 located on top of the oil sump 90, specifically on the side of the oil sump 90 facing the top plate 13. The integrated oil sump 90 at the bottom of the transformer 30 stores any insulating oil that may leak from the oil tank 31, preventing environmental pollution from the leaked insulating oil. Simultaneously, integrating the oil sump 90 within the prefabricated substation 100 reduces on-site construction and facilitates the rapid installation and layout of the prefabricated substation 100.

[0076] The oil sump 90 may include an oil extraction valve 91, a metal wall 92, and an oil-water separator 93. The metal wall 92 encloses a receiving cavity 94 for storing any potentially leaked insulating oil. The oil extraction valve 91 is located on the metal wall 92 facing the top plate 13 of the oil sump 90 and is used to extract insulating oil leaking onto the metal wall 92 facing the oil tank 31, and to transfer any potentially leaked insulating oil from the oil extraction valve 91 into the receiving cavity 94. The oil-water separator 93 separates rainwater and insulating oil within the receiving cavity 94 and discharges the separated rainwater outside the housing 10.

[0077] The fixing frame 80 is located on the side of the oil tank 90 facing the top plate 13. The fixing frame 80 is connected and fixed to the side of the oil tank 90 facing the top plate 13, for example, by bolts or welding. Fixing the fixing frame 80 to the oil tank 90, compared to fixing the fan 70 to the radiator 60 or the oil tank 31, avoids the weight of the fan 70 from placing an extra burden on the radiator 60 or the oil tank 31, and avoids fatigue damage to the side wall of the oil tank 31 caused by the fan 70's operating vibration or transportation vibration. This also avoids accidents such as oil leakage caused by cracks at the welded joints between the fan 70 and the oil tank 31.

[0078] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A box-type substation, characterized by, The box-type substation comprises a box body, a partition plate, a plurality of heat sinks, a plurality of fans, a transformer, a ring network cabinet and a low-voltage cabinet; the low-voltage cabinet is used for connecting a photovoltaic inverter, and the ring network cabinet is used for connecting a power grid; The partition plate is arranged in the box body and separates the box body into a switch cabinet chamber and a transformer chamber along the length direction of the box-type substation; the switch cabinet chamber accommodates the ring network cabinet and the low-voltage cabinet; and the transformer chamber accommodates the transformer, the plurality of heat sinks and the plurality of fans. The transformer comprises a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side; the first side and the second side are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the box-type substation; the first side is a side of the transformer facing the partition plate along the length direction of the box-type substation; the third side and the fourth side are oppositely arranged along the width direction of the box-type substation; one or more of the second side, the third side and the fourth side are provided with the heat sinks; and the plurality of fans and at least part of the heat sinks are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the box-type substation.

2. The box-type substation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the length direction of the box-type substation, the fan is arranged between the heat sink and the partition plate oppositely arranged with the fan.

3. The box-type substation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The box-type substation further comprises a fixing frame comprising a plurality of mounting holes arranged along the height direction of the box-type substation; the mounting holes penetrate through the fixing frame along the length direction of the box-type substation and are arranged on opposite sides of the fixing frame; and the mounting holes are used for mounting the fans.

4. The box-type substation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fan is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the mounting hole.

5. The box-type substation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transformer comprises an oil-immersed transformer; an oil tank of the oil-immersed transformer accommodates the transformer; the oil tank forms the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth side; the box-type substation further comprises an oil pool used for storing oil leaked from the oil tank; the oil pool and the plurality of heat sinks are stacked along the height direction of the box-type substation; the oil pool is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of heat sinks; the oil pool and the oil tank are stacked along the height direction of the box-type substation; and the top of the oil pool is provided with the oil tank.

6. The box-type substation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing frame is connected and fixed to the side of the oil pool facing the oil tank.

7. The box-type substation according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that The box-type substation comprises a high-voltage side bushing and a low-voltage side bushing. The high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing are arranged on the first side and penetrate through the partition plate, and are electrically connected with the ring network cabinet and the low-voltage cabinet, respectively.

8. The box-type substation according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that The box-type substation comprises a high-voltage side bushing and a low-voltage side bushing. One of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is arranged on the first side; along the length direction of the box-type substation, the other of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is arranged on the third side or the fourth side and located on the side of at least one fan facing the partition plate.

9. The box-type substation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first side is provided with the heat sinks.

10. The box-type substation of claim 7, wherein The number of the high-voltage side bushing and the low-voltage side bushing is plural; and the plurality of high-voltage side bushings and the plurality of low-voltage side bushings are arranged along the height direction of the box-type substation.

11. The box-type substation according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that The box body comprises a top plate, a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are connected to the edges of the top plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are oppositely arranged along the width direction of the box-type substation, and the first side plate and the second side plate are both provided with louvers.

12. The box-type substation according to any of claims 2-6, characterized in that The box body further comprises a third side plate, the third side plate is connected to the edge of the top plate of the box body, the third side plate and the partition plate are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the box-type substation, the third side plate is provided with an air outlet, and the third side plate and the fan are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the box-type substation.

13. A photovoltaic system characterized by, The box-type substation comprises a photovoltaic inverter and a box-type substation as claimed in any one of claims 1-12, the photovoltaic inverter is used to convert direct current from a photovoltaic module or an energy storage battery into alternating current, and output the alternating current to the box-type substation, and the box-type substation is used to output the alternating current output by the photovoltaic inverter to a power grid after voltage boosting.

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