Crushing mechanism and cutting crusher with same

Abstract

The utility model provides a crushing mechanism and a cutting crusher with the same, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. The problems that when a traditional cotton stalk pulverizer is used for pulverizing, the granularity is not easily achieved, and fiber winding and accumulation exist are solved. A smashing mechanism comprises a smashing cavity, and a smashing assembly used for smashing materials and a material gathering assembly used for conveying the materials to a discharging opening of the smashing cavity are arranged in the smashing cavity; wherein the smashing assembly comprises a rotating shaft and a plurality of smashing parts arranged on the rotating shaft in the axial direction, each smashing part comprises a plurality of smashing heads, and the smashing heads in every two adjacent smashing parts are arranged in a staggered mode. The crusher is mainly used for crushing cotton stalks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a crushing mechanism and a crusher having the same. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global emphasis on renewable resources and the growing trend of comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste, cotton stalks, as an abundant agricultural biomass resource, have attracted widespread attention for their effective utilization. However, the crushing and processing of cotton stalks presents numerous technical challenges that urgently need to be addressed, severely hindering the efficient development and utilization of cotton stalk resources.

[0003] Traditional equipment for cotton stalk crushing is inefficient. Due to the unique physical properties of cotton stalks—their fibers are tough and interwoven—most existing crushing devices use simple combinations of crushing blades, such as a single rotating blade or a limited number of simply arranged cutting components. This design results in insufficient contact between the cotton stalks and the crushing elements during the crushing process, failing to quickly and effectively break the stalks into particle sizes suitable for subsequent processing. Furthermore, the poorly crushed material is difficult to bale densely during the baling process in the bale-forming chamber, resulting in lightweight bales. This makes it difficult to increase the transport weight for the same transport volume, increasing the production costs of subsequent bale transfer and processing, and reducing producer profits. In actual production, a significant amount of time and energy is often required to complete the cotton stalk crushing operation, leading to a substantial increase in production costs and failing to meet the demands of large-scale industrial production for cotton stalk processing capacity, severely restricting the development of the cotton stalk resource utilization industry.

[0004] Material blockage is another prominent problem in the cotton stalk crushing process. The long, thin fibers of cotton stalks easily become entangled in the crushing components during operation, especially when the crushing equipment's structural design does not adequately consider the characteristics of cotton stalks. Traditional crushing equipment's internal spatial layout and component arrangement lack proper guidance for the flow of cotton stalk fibers, making it easy for dead zones to form within the crushing chamber. As crushing continues, the entangled and accumulated cotton stalk fibers increase, eventually leading to blockage of the crushing chamber and equipment downtime. Frequent shutdowns for cleaning not only significantly reduce production efficiency but also increase equipment maintenance costs and labor intensity, severely impacting the stability and continuity of the entire cotton stalk crushing and processing production line, and hindering the normal operation of related industries.

[0005] Furthermore, the uniformity of the quality of the pulverized cotton stalks is also a critical issue. Traditional pulverization methods struggle to ensure that the cotton stalks are subjected to uniform force during the pulverization process, resulting in cotton stalk particles of varying sizes and a significant mixture of coarse and fine particles. This uneven pulverization product negatively impacts the quality and performance of subsequent processing methods, such as cotton stalk fiber extraction, board manufacturing, and biomass fuel production. For example, in fiber extraction, uneven particle size leads to reduced extraction efficiency and unstable fiber quality; in board manufacturing, it affects the strength and appearance quality of the boards; and in biomass fuel production, it affects combustion efficiency and emission standards. Therefore, improving the uniformity of the quality of pulverized cotton stalks is of great significance for expanding the application areas of cotton stalks and enhancing their comprehensive utilization value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a crushing mechanism and a cutting and crushing machine having the same, so as to solve the problems of traditional cotton stalk crushers not being able to achieve the required particle size and having fiber entanglement and accumulation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: According to one aspect of the present invention, a crushing mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0008] The crushing chamber is equipped with a crushing component for crushing materials and a material gathering component for conveying materials to the discharge port of the crushing chamber.

[0009] The crushing assembly includes a first rotating shaft and several crushing sections arranged axially on the first rotating shaft. Each crushing section contains several crushing heads, and the crushing heads in adjacent crushing sections are arranged alternately.

[0010] Furthermore, several of the aforementioned crushing sections are arranged at equal intervals on the first rotating shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the pulverizing head includes multiple pulverizing teeth, each pulverizing tooth being arranged radially along the first rotating shaft at one end near the first rotating shaft, and arranged at a certain angle to the end away from the first rotating shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the crushing head furthest from the first rotating shaft is radially oriented.

[0013] Furthermore, all the pulverizing teeth on each of the pulverizing heads are arranged at equal intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, the material gathering component is a double spiral shaft rotatably connected to the crushing chamber, with spirals on both sides for gathering material towards the center, and multiple material feeding parts on the optical axis between the two spirals.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a cutting and shredding machine is provided, comprising the above-described shredding mechanism, and further comprising a cutting assembly located at the front side of the inlet end of the shredding chamber, the cutting assembly comprising:

[0016] A low-speed cutting section is provided, while a high-speed cutting section is rotatably mounted on the near-ground side.

[0017] The protective cutting section is provided in several parts and arranged around the high-speed cutting section, wherein the diameter of the virtual circle formed by the outermost edge of the protective cutting section is larger than the diameter of the low-speed cutting section.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotational speed of the low-speed cutting section is less than that of the high-speed cutting section.

[0019] Furthermore, the low-speed cutting section and the high-speed cutting section are arranged coaxially.

[0020] Furthermore, the cutting and shredding machine also includes a floating support and a fixed support. The floating support is rotatably connected to one end of the fixed support. The cutting components are provided on both the floating support and the fixed support. The floating support is used to flip over and retract the cutting components on it in a certain state.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. The crushing assembly features multiple crushing sections arranged axially along the rotating shaft, with each section containing several crushing heads, significantly increasing the impact and crushing area on the material. For example, when processing fibrous materials such as cotton stalks, numerous crushing heads can simultaneously act on the material from different positions and angles, effectively improving crushing efficiency. Compared to traditional crushing equipment, it can crush materials into smaller particles or fragments in a shorter time, meeting the demands of large-scale production for material crushing volume and speed. The staggered arrangement of crushing heads within adjacent crushing sections ensures more uniform force on the material within the crushing chamber, preventing localized over-crushing while other parts remain undercrushed, further enhancing the overall crushing effect and ensuring the material is crushed more thoroughly and uniformly.

[0023] 2. The material gathering component adopts a double-spiral shaft design, with spirals on both sides that gather material towards the center. This structure effectively gathers the crushed material towards the center and continuously pushes it towards the discharge port. For lighter, easily dispersed materials, the double-spiral shaft prevents material accumulation and blockage within the crushing chamber, ensuring smooth material discharge and improving production continuity and stability. The pointed ends of the spirals help to cut into the material pile more efficiently, allowing the material to be drawn into the spiral conveying area more quickly, further enhancing material gathering and conveying capacity, reducing material residue at the bottom of the crushing chamber, and improving material discharge efficiency.

[0024] 3. The multiple crushing sections are evenly spaced on the rotating shaft, resulting in more uniform force distribution during rotation. This reduces vibration and wear caused by unbalanced forces, extends the service life of the crushing components, ensures equipment stability, lowers the failure rate, and improves production reliability. The optimized discharge port location, positioned in the center of the crushing chamber near the ground, combined with the double-spiral shaft design of the material-gathering component, allows materials to naturally converge towards the discharge port. This reduces material residence time and accumulation within the crushing chamber, preventing blockages and overloads caused by material buildup, thus contributing to long-term stable operation. The upper section of the crushing chamber is wider than the lower section. This design provides more space for material tumbling and crushing, facilitating dispersion and full contact with the crushing heads. It also facilitates material movement towards the material-gathering component and discharge port under gravity, improving overall equipment efficiency and stability.

[0025] 4. The structure of the crushing head includes multiple crushing teeth. Each tooth is arranged radially at the end closest to the rotating shaft and at a certain angle to the end furthest from the rotating shaft. All the crushing teeth are arranged radially and evenly at the ends furthest from the rotating shaft. This design allows the crushing head to apply force more evenly when impacting and cutting materials, ensuring that the particle size of the crushed material is more uniform. This provides more stable raw materials for subsequent processing, improving the quality and performance stability of the product. At the same time, the radial design can achieve better gripping and crushing ability, making it more suitable for crushing cotton stalks.

[0026] 5. Improve cutting quality: The differential speed setting between the low-speed cutting section and the protective cutting section, along with the larger radius and higher rotation speed of the protective cutting section, subject the cotton stalk to tensile force during cutting, resulting in a more uniform cut and reducing tearing and fiber damage.

[0027] 6. Improved cutting efficiency: The protective cutting section, with its high rotation speed and large radius, can cover a larger cutting area and process more cotton stalks per unit time; its ability to quickly roll the cotton stalks into the cutting area is like a large gear driving a small gear, which improves the working efficiency of the entire cutting device.

[0028] 7. Reduce machine energy consumption by rationally allocating the work tasks of the low-speed cutting section and the protective cutting section. The protective cutting section is responsible for traction and fast cutting, while the low-speed cutting section assists in cutting, thus preventing cotton stalks from accumulating in the cutting area, thereby reducing cutting resistance and reducing machine power consumption.

[0029] 8. Extend the service life of the cutter head: Because the cotton stalk is subjected to reasonable stretching and traction during the cutting process, the impact force on the cutter head is relatively uniform, reducing the situation of excessive local stress and effectively avoiding the problem of uneven wear of the cutter head edge, which is conducive to extending the service life of the cutter head. At the same time, the high-speed cutting adopts a protective cutting part, which can be quickly replaced after the protective cutting part wears out, extending the service life of the low-speed cutting part and reducing the replacement frequency of the low-speed cutting part, thus reducing disassembly and assembly work.

[0030] 9. Because the cotton stalks are crushed after cutting, the material is more compact during the subsequent bundling process. This allows for an increase in the volume of a single bale while maintaining the same bale volume. Consequently, the total weight of the bales transported can be increased without changing the volume of a single shipment, thus reducing transportation and storage costs and resulting in good economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a crushing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front view of a crushing mechanism according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 The present utility model Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a front view of the polymer assembly described in this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a first-view structural diagram of the cutting and shredding machine of the present invention without the shredding mechanism;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a second-view structural diagram of the cutting and shredding machine of the present invention without the shredding mechanism;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a top view of the cutting and shredding machine of this utility model without the shredding mechanism.

[0039] Figure 8 The present utility model Figure 6 BB-direction sectional view;

[0040] Figure 9 The present utility model Figure 6CC-direction sectional view;

[0041] Figure 10 The present utility model Figure 6 DD section view;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting and shredding machine according to the present invention.

[0043] Crushing chamber 1; feed inlet 1-1; discharge outlet 1-2; crushing assembly 2; first rotating shaft 2-1; crushing head 2-2; material gathering assembly 3; spiral 3-1; material feeding part 3-2; transmission assembly 4; low-speed cutting part 5; high-speed cutting part 6; protective cutting part 7; second rotating shaft 8; first gear 9; second gear 10; third gear 11; driving gear shaft 12; driven gear 13; passive gear shaft 14; coupling 15; cutting drive assembly 16; floating support part 17; fixed support part 18; folding drive part 19; diversion part 20. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the descriptions of "left," "right," "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," "top," and "bottom" in this utility model are defined based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the described structure must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this embodiment is described. According to one aspect of the present invention, a pulverizing mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0048] The crushing chamber 1 houses a crushing component 2 for crushing materials and a material-aggregating component 3 for conveying materials to the discharge port 1-2 of the crushing chamber 1. The front width of the crushing chamber 1 is greater than that of the rear width. As the core component of the entire crushing mechanism, the crushing chamber 1 provides working space for the crushing component 2 and the material-aggregating component 3. Its discharge port 1-2 is located in the middle of the crushing chamber 1. This location facilitates the convergence of crushed materials towards the discharge port. Combined with the design of the material-aggregating component 3, it enables more efficient material discharge and reduces material residue within the crushing chamber. The crushing chamber 1 is rotatably connected to the crushing component 2 and the material-aggregating component 3, providing a supporting structure for their installation and stable operation. Specifically, the crushing component 2 and the material-aggregating component 3 can be connected to the crushing chamber 1 using a bearing housing and bearing assembly. The rotating shafts of the crushing component 2 and the material-aggregating component 3 are arranged in a spatially parallel and spaced manner, which facilitates the guidance of crushed materials towards the discharge port 1-2 under the action of the material-aggregating component 3. The internal space shape design also plays an important role. The front width of the crushing chamber 1 is greater than that of the rear width. This shape provides more space for the material to tumble and break during the crushing process, which is conducive to the dispersion of the material during the crushing process. This allows the material to better contact the crushing component 2, improves the crushing efficiency, and also facilitates the movement of the material to the material gathering component 3 under the stirring action of the crushing component 2, promotes the discharge of the material, reduces the risk of blockage, and improves the working stability and smoothness of the entire equipment.

[0049] The crushing assembly 2 includes a first rotating shaft 2-1 and several crushing sections axially arranged on the first rotating shaft 2-1. Each crushing section contains several crushing heads 2-2, with the crushing heads 2-2 in adjacent crushing sections arranged alternately. The first rotating shaft 2-1 is fixedly connected to the crushing sections, transmitting power to them to enable high-speed rotation and crushing of materials. It is also connected to the material gathering assembly 3 via a transmission assembly 4, enabling their coordinated operation. Stable rotation provides continuous power to the crushing heads, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the crushing operation. The evenly spaced crushing sections ensure uniform force distribution on the rotating shaft, reducing vibration and wear caused by unbalanced forces, extending the service life of the rotating shaft and the entire crushing assembly. This also helps improve the stability of equipment operation, reduces the failure rate, and ensures the stable operation of the crushing process, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of material crushing.

[0050] In this embodiment, several crushing sections are arranged at equal intervals on the first rotating shaft 2-1. Each crushing head 2-2 includes multiple crushing teeth, each tooth arranged radially along the first rotating shaft 2-1 at one end near the shaft, and at an angle to the other end. The crushing sections are arranged at equal intervals axially along the first rotating shaft 2-1, and the crushing heads 2-2 within each section crush the material at their respective positions. The crushing heads 2-2 in adjacent crushing sections are staggered, ensuring that the material receives comprehensive and uniform crushing within the crushing chamber, avoiding any crushing dead zones. The crushing head 2-2 includes multiple crushing teeth. Each tooth is arranged radially along the first rotating shaft 2-1 at the end closest to it, providing an initial impact force for crushing. The ends furthest from the shaft are arranged at a certain angle to the ends closest to it. The ends of each crushing head 2-2 furthest from the first rotating shaft 2-1 are arranged radially, with the crushing teeth evenly spaced. This unique tooth structure design allows the crushing head to cut, tear, and impact materials more effectively during rotation, ensuring that the particle size of the crushed material is more uniform and consistent, improving the crushing effect and material processing quality. It is suitable for crushing materials of various shapes and properties, greatly enhancing the versatility and practicality of the equipment.

[0051] In this embodiment, all the crushing teeth on each crushing head 2-2 are arranged radially at the end furthest from the first rotating shaft 2-1. This makes it easier to grasp cotton stalks into the crushing area, improves the effective crushing rate, and conveys the material towards the discharge port during rotation.

[0052] In this embodiment, all the crushing teeth on each crushing head 2-2 are arranged at equal intervals. This equal spacing of the crushing teeth helps ensure that the size of the crushed material tends to be consistent.

[0053] In this embodiment, the material gathering component 3 is a double helical shaft rotatably connected to the crushing chamber 1. Spirals 3-1 are arranged on both sides to gather material towards the center, with a pointed tip on the end side of each spiral. The material gathering component 3 works in conjunction with the crushing component 2. The double helical shaft has spirals 3-1 on both sides for gathering material towards the center, and each spiral 3-1 has a pointed tip on the center side. The overall position and structural design aim to efficiently gather and transport the crushed material to the discharge port 1-2. The pointed tip facilitates cutting into the crushed material, pulling it into the conveyor. In the special working condition of cotton stalks, this allows for better and faster grasping of cotton stalk fibers, avoiding material accumulation and reducing entanglement on the first rotating shaft 2-1. Regarding the material pushing section 3-2, multiple pushing sections 3-2 are distributed in a spiral pattern on the optical axis, which can push the crushed material towards the discharge port, facilitating discharge and reducing material accumulation. The pushing section 3-2 is specifically designed as a triangular prism, but can also be designed in other forms that facilitate pushing material, depending on the actual use.

[0054] In this embodiment, the discharge port 1-2 is located in the middle of one side of the crushing chamber 1. Combined with the material gathering component 3's characteristic of gathering material towards the center, this can better reduce the occurrence of material accumulation, while also reducing the discharge stroke and avoiding the disadvantages of traditional long unidirectional screw conveyors, such as long conveying strokes and increased probability of entanglement in cotton stalk conditions.

[0055] In this embodiment, the crushing component 2 and the agglomerating component 3 are connected by a transmission component 4. The transmission component 4 specifically includes two sprockets, which are respectively connected to the ends of the rotating shafts of the crushing component 2 and the agglomerating component 3. The two sprockets are then connected by a chain, so that a single power source can simultaneously drive the crushing component 2 and the agglomerating component 3 to work together.

[0056] According to another aspect of this utility model, a cutting and shredding machine is provided, including a shredding mechanism as described above. It also includes a cutting component located at the front side of the inlet end of the shredding chamber 1. Both the cutting component and the shredding mechanism are mounted on a frame during use, allowing the material cut by the cutting component to move smoothly backward into the shredding mechanism for further shredding. The distance between the two is adjusted appropriately according to actual conditions. The cutting component includes:

[0057] The low-speed cutting unit 5 has a high-speed cutting unit 6 rotatably mounted near the ground. The low-speed cutting unit 5 is specifically equipped with a cutter disc, with multiple rings of cutting blades arranged axially along the disc's periphery at equal intervals. Different spacing types can be used depending on the actual situation. The high-speed cutting unit 6 is specifically configured as a cutting disc with uniformly spaced teeth on its periphery, which also performs a cutting function.

[0058] A plurality of protective cutting sections 7 are provided and arranged around the high-speed cutting section 6. The diameter of the virtual circle formed by the outermost edges of the protective cutting sections 7 is larger than the diameter of the low-speed cutting section 5. The protective cutting sections 7 are arranged in a circumferentially evenly distributed manner around the bottom periphery of the high-speed cutting section 6, and are specifically designed in the form of cutting blades. The specific cutting shape can be reasonably set according to actual use.

[0059] In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the low-speed cutting section 5 is less than that of the high-speed cutting section 6. The differential speed setting between the low-speed cutting section and the protective cutting section, along with the larger radius and higher rotational speed of the protective cutting section, subject the cotton stalk to tensile force during cutting, resulting in a more uniform cut and reduced tearing and fiber damage.

[0060] In this embodiment, the low-speed cutting section 5 and the high-speed cutting section 6 are arranged coaxially. Specifically, the low-speed cutting section 5 is hollow, and the high-speed cutting section 6 is rotatably connected to the low-speed cutting section 5 via a second rotating shaft 8. Specifically, the second rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the low-speed cutting section 5 via a bearing seat. To ensure smooth rotation, a hollow shaft can be integrally formed inside the low-speed cutting section 5, and the hollow shaft and the second rotating shaft 8 are rotatably connected. To achieve differential rotation, a first gear 9 is connected to the upper end of the second rotating shaft 8. The first gear 9 is connected to a bevel gear at one end of the driven gear shaft 10. The bevel gear at the other end of the driven gear shaft 10 is connected to a gear at one end of the driving gear shaft 8 via a driven gear 13. A third gear 11 at the other end of the driving gear shaft 8 meshes with a second gear 10. The second gear 10 is fixed at the end of the second rotating shaft 8 away from the high-speed cutting section 6. Thus, when the driving gear shaft 8 rotates, it drives the high-speed cutting section 6 to rotate through the transmission of the third gear 11, the second gear 10, and the second rotating shaft 8. When the driving gear shaft 8 rotates, it drives the low-speed cutting section 5 to rotate through the transmission of the driven gear 13, the driven gear shaft 10, and the first gear 9. By setting a reasonable transmission ratio, a speed difference can be created between the low-speed cutting section 5 and the high-speed cutting section 6. This rationally allocates the workload of the low-speed cutting section and the protective cutting section. The protective cutting section is responsible for traction and rapid cutting, while the low-speed cutting section assists in cutting, preventing cotton stalks from accumulating in the cutting area, thereby reducing cutting resistance and machine power consumption.

[0061] In this embodiment, both the low-speed cutting section 5 and the high-speed cutting section 6 are connected to the cutting drive assembly 16. The cutting drive assembly 16 serves as a power source to drive the drive gear shaft 8 to rotate. Specifically, the rotating end of the cutting drive assembly 16 is connected to the drive gear shaft 8 via a coupling 15.

[0062] In this embodiment, the rotational speed ratio between the high-speed cutting section 6 and the low-speed cutting section 5 is 1.5-2.4.

[0063] The cutting and shredding machine also includes a floating support part 17 and a fixed support part 18. The floating support part 17 is rotatably connected to one end of the fixed support part 18. The cutting component is provided on both the floating support part 17 and the fixed support part 18. The floating support part 17 is used to flip over and retract the cutting component when in a certain state. The floating support part 17 and the fixed support part 18 adopt a structure that can rotate relative to each other. When not in use, the floating support part 17 can rotate around the fixed support part 18 at a certain angle, thereby saving space and reducing the width occupied during transportation or storage. In this configuration, the power transmission between the cutting components located on the floating support 17 and the fixed support 18 is achieved through the coupling 15. Both ends of the coupling 15 are connected to the drive gear shaft 8 within each cutting component via universal joints. The cutting drive assembly 16 is fixedly connected to the fixed support 18 and to the drive gear shaft 8 within the adjacent cutting component. This allows each drive gear shaft 8 within the cutting component to rotate under the drive of the cutting drive assembly 16, without affecting the coupling 15 when the floating support 17 rotates and retracts. To improve efficiency, the two cutting mechanisms can be arranged symmetrically and share a single cutting drive assembly 16, enabling the cutting of multiple rows of cotton stalks simultaneously, thus increasing efficiency.

[0064] In this embodiment, the cutting and shredding machine further includes a folding drive unit 19, which drives the floating support unit 17 to rotate relative to the fixed support unit 18. Specifically, the folding drive unit 19 is a hydraulic cylinder, with its cylinder body pivotally connected to the fixed support unit 18 and its hydraulic rod pivotally connected to the floating support unit 17.

[0065] In this embodiment, the cutting and shredding machine further includes a diversion section 20 connected to the fixed support section 18 and / or the floating support section 17 for guiding the crops. This allows crops, such as cotton stalks, to quickly and accurately reach the cutting area.

[0066] In operation, the cutting drive assembly 16, i.e., the motor, drives the drive gear shaft 8 to rotate. When the drive gear shaft 8 rotates, it drives the high-speed cutting section 6 to rotate via the transmission of the third gear 11, the second gear 10, and the second rotating shaft 8. Simultaneously, the drive gear shaft 8 drives the low-speed cutting section 5 to rotate via the transmission of the driven gear 13, the passive gear shaft 10, and the first gear 9. Through a reasonable transmission ratio setting, a speed difference is created between the low-speed cutting section 5 and the high-speed cutting section 6. This rationally allocates the workload between the low-speed cutting section and the protective cutting section. The protective cutting section is responsible for traction and rapid cutting, while the low-speed cutting section assists in cutting, preventing cotton stalks from accumulating in the cutting area, thereby reducing cutting resistance and machine power consumption. Simultaneously, the high-speed rotation of the protective cutting section 7 achieves rapid cutting while protecting the low-speed cutting section 5. After wear, the protective cutting section 7 is easily replaced because it is fixed to the ground side of the high-speed cutting section 6 with bolts, reducing the frequency of replacement of the low-speed cutting section 5. As the cutting mechanism moves forward with the agricultural machinery, the diverter 20 acts as a guide, making it easier for the cotton stalks to reach the cutting position.

[0067] When not in use, the floating support 17 is rotated around its pivot point with the fixed support 18 by the folding drive 19, for example, by flipping upwards from both sides, thereby reducing the overall width.

[0068] The transmission assembly 4 is connected to an external power source, such as a motor. Power is transmitted to the first rotating shaft 2-1 of the crushing assembly 2 via the transmission assembly 4, causing the shaft to drive several crushing sections arranged axially at equal intervals to rotate at high speed. The crushing heads 2-2 within each crushing section also rotate rapidly. Because the crushing teeth on the crushing heads 2-2 are arranged radially near the shaft, they generate a strong impact force during rotation. The cut cotton stalks entering the crushing chamber 1 are subjected to initial impact. Simultaneously, the rotation direction of the crushing heads 2-2 should facilitate scraping the cut cotton stalks towards a direction conducive to material discharge. The crushing teeth are arranged at a certain angle from the end furthest from the shaft to the end closest to it, and are arranged radially and at equal intervals. This allows the material to be further cut and torn by these angled crushing teeth after the initial impact, thus achieving effective crushing of the material.

[0069] Meanwhile, the staggered arrangement of several crushing heads 2-2 in the two adjacent crushing sections ensures that the material can be subjected to uniform crushing force at all positions in the crushing chamber 1, avoiding uneven crushing or the presence of crushing dead corners, so that the material is crushed more thoroughly and uniformly to achieve the ideal crushing particle size.

[0070] During the crushing process, the material gathering component 3 also works synchronously under the drive of the transmission component 4. Its double-spiral shaft rotates, and the spiral structure, with materials gathering from both sides towards the center, utilizes the friction between the spiral surface and the material to gather the crushed material dispersed throughout the crushing chamber towards the center. The pointed tip on one end of the spiral can more easily insert into the material pile, allowing the material to be more efficiently drawn into the spiral's conveying area, thereby continuously and stably pushing the material towards the discharge port 1-2 located in the middle of the crushing chamber 1.

[0071] Because the front width of the crushing chamber 1 is greater than the rear width, the material has sufficient space to tumble and disperse during the crushing process. This not only facilitates full contact between the crushing head and the material for crushing, but also makes it easier for the material to move towards the area where the material agglomerating component 3 is located. Combined with the operation of the material agglomerating component 3, this further promotes the discharge of material to the outlet 1-2, reducing material residue and accumulation within the crushing chamber 1. This ensures the continuous, efficient, and stable operation of the entire device, achieving integrated crushing and conveying of materials. The crushed material is discharged from the outlet 1-2 and used for subsequent processing. When the crushed material is packaged, it ensures a higher density and greater weight for a given volume of material. Therefore, under the premise of a given volume, it can increase the effective load of a single transport, enabling the transport of more material.

[0072] The embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. The embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it.

Claims

1. A crushing mechanism, characterized in that, include: The crushing chamber (1) is provided with a crushing component (2) for crushing materials and a material gathering component (3) for conveying materials to the discharge port (1-2) of the crushing chamber (1); The crushing component (2) includes a first rotating shaft (2-1) and several crushing sections arranged axially on the first rotating shaft (2-1). Each crushing section contains several crushing heads (2-2), and the crushing heads (2-2) in adjacent crushing sections are arranged alternately.

2. The crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned crushing sections are arranged at equal intervals on the first rotating shaft (2-1).

3. A crushing mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The crushing head (2-2) includes multiple crushing teeth. Each crushing tooth is arranged radially along the first rotating shaft (2-1) at one end near the first rotating shaft (2-1), and at a certain angle to the end away from the first rotating shaft (2-1).

4. A crushing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pulverizing head (2-2) is radially oriented at the end furthest from the first rotating shaft (2-1).

5. A crushing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: All the crushing teeth on each of the crushing heads (2-2) are arranged at equal intervals.

6. A crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material gathering component (3) is a double spiral shaft and is rotatably connected to the crushing chamber (1). Spirals (3-1) are provided on both sides for gathering material towards the middle. Multiple material feeding parts (3-2) are provided on the optical axis between the two spirals (3-1).

7. A cutting and shredding machine, comprising a shredding mechanism as described in claim 1, 2, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that: It also includes a cutting assembly located on the front side of the inlet end of the crushing chamber (1), the cutting assembly comprising: The low-speed cutting section (5) is provided, and the high-speed cutting section (6) is rotatably provided on the near-ground side; The protective cutting section (7) is provided in a plurality of manner and is arranged around the high-speed cutting section (6), wherein the diameter of the virtual circle formed by the outermost edge of the plurality of the protective cutting sections (7) is larger than the diameter of the low-speed cutting section (5).

8. A cutting and shredding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotational speed of the low-speed cutting section (5) is less than that of the high-speed cutting section (6).

9. A cutting and shredding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low-speed cutting section (5) and the high-speed cutting section (6) are arranged coaxially.

10. A cutting and shredding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutting and shredding machine also includes a floating support part (17) and a fixed support part (18). The floating support part (17) is rotatably connected to one end of the fixed support part (18). The cutting components are provided on both the floating support part (17) and the fixed support part (18). The floating support part (17) is used to flip over and retract the cutting components on it in a certain state.

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