Fuel cell hydrogen supply system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell hydrogen supply system and a vehicle, and the fuel cell hydrogen supply system comprises a heating switching loop, a first cooling water channel, a second cooling water channel, a fuel cell system arranged on the first cooling water channel, and a hydrogen storage system arranged on the second cooling water channel, the heater is arranged on the heating switching loop; a hydrogen supply channel is arranged between the fuel cell system and the hydrogen storage system; the first cooling water channel is connected with the second cooling water channel in parallel through the heating switching loop. According to the utility model, the heat released in the working process of the fuel cell system is efficiently and quickly utilized, the utilization efficiency of the heat of the fuel cell is improved, the temperature responsiveness of the hydrogen storage system is accelerated, the cost is reduced, and the arrangement space is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell hydrogen supply technology, and in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, to meet the hydrogen consumption requirements of fuel cell operation, the heat from the fuel cell stack loop can be recovered and utilized through a heat exchanger during normal operation. This heat exchanger is then used to heat the hydrogen storage system (such as a solid-state hydrogen storage device), ensuring that the alloy in the hydrogen storage system releases hydrogen at a higher temperature. However, this approach only indirectly utilizes the heat from the fuel cell stack loop, resulting in low energy efficiency and a long temperature rise response time. Furthermore, the heat exchanger is bulky and requires separate water pumps and heaters, significantly increasing costs and space requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system and vehicle to solve the problem of low energy utilization efficiency in the prior art, which uses a heater to indirectly utilize the heat of the fuel cell stack circuit to heat the hydrogen storage system.

[0004] This utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, including a heating switching circuit, a first cooling water circuit, a second cooling water circuit, a fuel cell system disposed on the first cooling water circuit, a hydrogen storage system disposed on the second cooling water circuit, and a heater disposed on the heating switching circuit.

[0005] A hydrogen supply channel is provided between the fuel cell system and the hydrogen storage system; the first cooling water circuit is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit through the heating switching circuit.

[0006] Optionally, the hydrogen storage system includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0007] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen refueling device connected to the solid hydrogen storage device through the hydrogen supply channel, and a chiller unit connected to the second cooling water circuit; the hydrogen refueling device is used to perform hydrogen refueling operation on the solid hydrogen storage device; the chiller unit is used to inject cold water into the first cooling water circuit to cool the solid hydrogen storage device when the hydrogen refueling device performs hydrogen refueling operation.

[0008] Optionally, the hydrogen storage system includes a solid hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen buffer tank, both of which are connected to the hydrogen supply channel;

[0009] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a first safety valve disposed between the solid hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen buffer tank; the first safety valve is used to open when it is determined that the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device reaches a first pressure threshold, so as to release the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device to the hydrogen buffer tank.

[0010] Optionally, the hydrogen storage system further includes a second safety valve and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve disposed on the hydrogen supply channel. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve is disposed at the end of the second safety valve away from the solid hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen buffer tank. The second safety valve is used to open when it is determined that the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve reaches a second pressure threshold, so as to depressurize the hydrogen storage system.

[0011] Optionally, the heating switching circuit further includes a water circuit control valve disposed between the first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit, the water circuit control valve being used to control the on / off connection between the first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit.

[0012] Optionally, a radiator is provided on the first cooling water line.

[0013] Optionally, the hydrogen storage system includes a solid hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen buffer tank, both of which are connected to the hydrogen supply channel;

[0014] The hydrogen supply channel includes a main channel, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch; the first branch is connected to the main channel, and the solid hydrogen storage device is installed on the first branch; the second branch is connected to the first branch, and the hydrogen buffer tank is installed on the second branch and connected to the main channel through the third branch.

[0015] Optionally, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a bottle neck control valve and a first pressure sensor disposed on the first branch. The bottle neck control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first branch, and the first pressure sensor is used to measure the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device.

[0016] Optionally, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor disposed on the main channel. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, and the third pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system.

[0017] This utility model embodiment also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned fuel cell hydrogen supply system.

[0018] In the fuel cell hydrogen supply system and vehicle of this invention, the fuel cell system is installed on the first cooling water circuit, and the hydrogen storage system is installed on the second cooling water circuit. The first cooling water circuit of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit through a heating switching circuit. In this way, the fuel cell system and the hydrogen storage system can share the same heating switching circuit and heat dissipation system (including the first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit). The heat released by the fuel cell system during operation can be directly transferred to the hydrogen storage system through the parallel first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit to heat it, thereby enabling the hydrogen storage system to release hydrogen for use by the fuel cell. In the above process, there is no need for heat exchanger to convert heat, which realizes efficient and rapid utilization of the heat released by the fuel cell system during operation, improves the heat utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, and also accelerates the temperature response of the hydrogen storage system.

[0019] Furthermore, since the fuel cell system and the hydrogen storage system in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention share the same heating switching circuit and heat dissipation system, the connection state of the heating switching circuit and the on / off state of the heater can be specifically determined according to the hydrogen heating requirements of the hydrogen storage system. This can meet the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system and thus meet the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell system. Since the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention does not require a heat exchanger and shares a single heater, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the layout space is saved. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen supply method for a fuel cell in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0024] 1. Heating switching circuit; 101. Water circuit control valve; 2. First cooling water circuit; 3. Second cooling water circuit; 4. Fuel cell system; 5. Hydrogen storage system; 51. Solid hydrogen storage device; 52. Hydrogen buffer tank; 6. Heater; 7. Hydrogen supply channel; 701. Main channel; 702. First branch; 703. Second branch; 704. Third branch; 8. Hydrogen refueling device; 9. Chiller unit; 10. First safety valve; 11. Second safety valve; 12. Radiator; 13. Hydrogen refueling port; 14. First check valve; 15. Bottle neck control valve; 16. Second check valve ; 17. Chiller quick-connect port; 18. Hydrogen pressure reducing valve; 19. Hydrogen injection proportional valve; 20. Hydrogen circulation pump; 21. Anode gas-liquid separator; 22. Anode drain and exhaust valve; 23. Fuel cell stack; 24. Water pump; 25. Thermostat; 26. Deionizer; 27. Air compressor; 28. Controller; 29. ​​Third safety valve; P1. First pressure sensor; P2. Second pressure sensor; P3. Third pressure sensor; T1. First temperature sensor; T2. Second temperature sensor; T3. Third temperature sensor; T4. Fourth temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the technical problems solved, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "radial," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system, including a heating switching circuit 1, a first cooling water circuit 2, a second cooling water circuit 3, a fuel cell system 4 disposed on the first cooling water circuit 2, a hydrogen storage system 5 disposed on the second cooling water circuit 3, and a heater 6 disposed on the heating switching circuit 1; a hydrogen supply channel 7 is provided between the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5; the first cooling water circuit 2 is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit 3 through the heating switching circuit 1.

[0029] Understandably, the fuel cell system 4 continuously consumes hydrogen to generate electricity and releases heat during operation. Typically, the power generation efficiency of a fuel cell stack is between 50% and 65%, with nearly 50% of the energy being dissipated and wasted as heat. The hydrogen storage system 5 may include, but is not limited to, a solid-state hydrogen storage device 51, which can absorb and store hydrogen and release heat under low-temperature conditions, and absorb heat and release hydrogen under high-temperature conditions. In this invention, the fuel cell system 4 is mounted on the first cooling water path 2, and the hydrogen storage system 5 is mounted on the second cooling water path 3. The first cooling water path 2 of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is connected in parallel with the second cooling water path 3 through a heating switching circuit 1. Thus, the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 can share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system (including the first cooling water path 2 and the second cooling water path 3). In this way, the heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation can be directly transferred to the hydrogen storage system 5 through the parallel first cooling water path 2 and the second cooling water path 3 to heat it, thereby enabling the hydrogen storage system 5 to continuously release hydrogen for the fuel cell. This reduces the heat dissipation requirements of the fuel cell system 4 during operation, reducing the heat dissipation power consumption of the radiator 12 used specifically for cooling the fuel cell system 4 during operation, and saving the cost of the radiator 12. Furthermore, when the solid hydrogen storage device 51 in the hydrogen storage system 5 needs to release hydrogen, it usually does not need to be heated by the heater 6, but only by the heat released by the fuel cell system 4 transferred through the first cooling water path 2 and the second cooling water path 3, which reduces energy consumption and improves the heat utilization rate of the fuel cell system 4. Furthermore, by coupling the cooling water circuits of the aforementioned hydrogen storage system 5 and fuel cell system 4, the structure of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system can be simplified, saving costs.

[0030] The hydrogen supply channel 7 is used to transfer hydrogen released from the hydrogen storage system 5 to the fuel cell system 4. The fuel cell system 4 is located on the first cooling water channel 2. When cold water is injected into the first cooling water channel 2, it carries away the heat generated by the fuel cell stack 23 as it flows through the fuel cell stack 23, thus dissipating heat. The hydrogen storage system 5 is located on the second cooling water channel 3. When cold water is injected into the second cooling water channel 3, it carries away the heat emitted by the solid hydrogen storage device 51 when releasing hydrogen as it flows through the hydrogen storage system 5 (e.g., the solid hydrogen storage device 51), thus dissipating heat. When the heating switching circuit 1 is switched to connect with the first cooling water channel 2 and / or the second cooling water channel 3, the heater 6 can heat the water in the first cooling water channel 2 and / or the second cooling water channel 3. For example, if the heating switching circuit 1 is switched to be connected to the second cooling water circuit 3, the heater 6 can be used to heat the water in the second cooling water circuit 3. This heated water then flows through the hydrogen storage system 5 (e.g., the solid hydrogen storage device 51), heating the hydrogen storage system 5 and causing the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thus meeting the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5. Conversely, if the heating switching circuit 1 is switched to be connected to the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, the heater 6 can be used to heat the water in both the first and second cooling water circuits simultaneously. This heats the water in the first cooling water circuit 2 to meet the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell system 4, and the heated water in the second cooling water circuit 3, when flowing through the hydrogen storage system 5 (e.g., the solid hydrogen storage device 51), heats the hydrogen storage system 5, causing the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thus meeting the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5.

[0031] Understandably, in this invention, the fuel cell system 4 may include, but is not limited to, [a specific component / system]. Figure 1 The components shown include one or more of the following: hydrogen injection proportional valve 19, hydrogen circulation pump 20, anode gas-liquid separator 21, anode drain and exhaust valve 22, fuel cell stack 23, etc.; air compressor 27, third safety valve 29, etc. The first cooling water circuit 2 may be equipped with one or more of the following components: water pump 24, thermostat 25, deionizer 26, radiator 12, first temperature sensor, second temperature sensor, etc. Figure 1 T1 shown is the first temperature sensor, used to measure the stack outlet temperature of the fuel cell stack 23. The stack outlet temperature is the basis for judging the heat generation and warm-up process of the fuel cell stack 23, and is also one of the reference bases for the adjustment of the water circuit control valve 101 during the heat exchange process of the hydrogen storage system 5. Figure 1 T2 shown is the second temperature sensor, used to measure the inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack 23. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system can share [this sensor / sensor / etc.]. Figure 1 The water pump 24, thermostat 25 and other components can further save costs and layout space.

[0032] in, Figure 1 The circuit containing the first temperature sensor, fuel cell stack 23, water pump 24, deionizer 26, thermostat 25, and the second temperature sensor forms a small circulation loop in the first cooling water circuit 2; while Figure 1 The circuit containing the first temperature sensor, fuel cell stack 23, water pump 24, radiator 12, thermostat 25, and the second temperature sensor forms the first cooling water path 2, which provides a heat dissipation circuit for the fuel cell stack 23. In this embodiment, the water in the first cooling water path 2 corresponding to the solid hydrogen storage device 51 can be heated separately by the heater 6 to rapidly heat up the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and release hydrogen. After the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 reaches the target temperature, the heater 6 can simultaneously heat up the water in the second cooling water path 3 and the small circulation of the second cooling water path 3 to improve the low-temperature cold start speed of the fuel cell system 4.

[0033] In the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention, the fuel cell system 4 is installed on the first cooling water circuit 2, and the hydrogen storage system 5 is installed on the second cooling water circuit 3. The first cooling water circuit 2 of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit 3 through a heating switching circuit 1. In this way, the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 can share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system (including the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3). The heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation can be directly transferred to the hydrogen storage system 5 through the parallel first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 to heat it, thereby causing the hydrogen storage system 5 to release hydrogen for use by the fuel cell. In the above process, there is no need for heat exchanger to convert heat, realizing efficient and rapid utilization of the heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation, improving the heat utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, and accelerating the temperature response of the hydrogen storage system 5. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system, the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the switching state of the heater 6 can be specifically determined according to the hydrogen heating requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5, thereby meeting the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5 and thus meeting the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell system 4. Since the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention does not require the installation of a heat exchanger and shares a set of heaters 6, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the layout space is saved.

[0034] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device 51; the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen refueling device 8 connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 via the hydrogen supply channel 7, and a chiller unit 9 connected to the second cooling water circuit 3; the hydrogen refueling device 8 is used to perform hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51; the chiller unit 9 is used to inject cold water into the first cooling water circuit 2 to cool the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 when the hydrogen refueling device 8 performs hydrogen refueling operation. The hydrogen refueling device 8 may include, but is not limited to, a hydrogen refueling gun at a hydrogen refueling station, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen refueling device 8 can connect to the hydrogen refueling port 13 on the hydrogen storage system 5. The hydrogen supply channel 7 includes a hydrogen refueling section connecting the hydrogen refueling port 13 and the solid hydrogen storage device 51. Therefore, the hydrogen refueling device 8 can refuel the solid hydrogen refueling device 8 through the hydrogen refueling section. Understandably, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system may include a controller 28. When the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is installed on a vehicle, the controller 28 can be a controller 28 independent of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system and installed on the vehicle. The hydrogen refueling port 13 may also be located on the vehicle body. During hydrogen refueling, the cover of the hydrogen refueling port 13 is first opened, and the hydrogen refueling port 13 is connected to the hydrogen refueling device 8 to establish infrared communication between the hydrogen refueling device 8 and the controller 28. This allows the controller 28 to control the hydrogen pressure, flow rate, and temperature during hydrogen refueling, as well as control the start and stop of hydrogen refueling operations. The chiller unit 9 may include, but is not limited to, a chiller unit 9 for a hydrogen refueling station. The inlet and / or outlet of the chiller unit 9 can be connected to the chiller quick-connect port 17 of the hydrogen storage system 5, which can also be installed on the vehicle body. When the hydrogen refueling device 8 performs the hydrogen refueling operation, the solid hydrogen storage device 51 needs to be cooled down by the chiller unit 9 first to keep the temperature rise of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 within a safe range during the hydrogen refueling process.

[0035] Specifically, in this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, P1 is the first pressure sensor, which is installed on the hydrogen supply channel 7 and located at the hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. It measures the hydrogen pressure within the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. The hydrogen pressure within the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 can be used as one of the criteria for determining the start and stop of hydrogen refueling operations, and also as a basis for determining hydrogen supply and heat exchange strategies during the startup and operation of the fuel cell system 4. T3 is the third temperature sensor, which is installed on the second cooling water channel 3 and located at the inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. It measures the inlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. T4 is the fourth temperature sensor, which is installed on the second cooling water channel 3 and located at the outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. It measures the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and is one of the criteria for determining the system's low-temperature cold start and pressure buffering strategies.

[0036] The fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a bottle neck control valve installed on the hydrogen supply channel. In this invention, the valve can only be opened after the vehicle's high voltage is turned off, that is, when the vehicle is in a parked state. Figure 1 The bottle neck control valve 15 shown in the diagram performs a hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. This refueling operation can occur before receiving a start-up request from the fuel cell system 4. Specifically, before performing the hydrogen refueling operation, it is first necessary to determine whether the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2 is lower than a preset hydrogen refueling temperature. This preset hydrogen refueling temperature can be set as needed. Then, when it is determined that the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2 is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature, the hydrogen refueling device 8 is controlled to perform a hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogen refueling rate. In a further embodiment, after determining that the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature, it is also necessary to determine that the current outlet temperature is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature and maintain this temperature for a first duration before starting the hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogen refueling rate. Both the preset hydrogen refueling rate and the first duration can be set as needed; for example, the first duration can be 30 seconds. Understandably, during the hydrogen refueling operation, cold water needs to be injected into the first cooling water circuit 2 through the chiller unit 9 to cool down the solid hydrogen storage device 51. That is, during the hydrogen refueling operation, the chiller unit 9 needs to run continuously to inject cold water into the first cooling water circuit 2 to remove the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage device 51 during the hydrogen refueling process, thereby ensuring that the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 is always lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature.

[0037] Understandably, after controlling the hydrogenation device 8 to perform hydrogenation operation on the solid hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogenation rate, if the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 exceeds the preset upper limit temperature for hydrogenation, it is necessary to control the hydrogenation device 8 to reduce the preset hydrogenation rate so that the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 decreases until the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 decreases again and falls below the preset hydrogenation temperature. Then, the hydrogenation device 8 is controlled to resume performing hydrogenation operation on the solid hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogenation rate.

[0038] Furthermore, when the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 reaches the preset completion pressure, and the hydrogen refueling flow rate change step of the hydrogen refueling device 8 is less than the preset step size and remains at the preset duration, the hydrogen refueling operation is determined to be complete. At this time, the bottle control valve 15 can be closed, the hydrogen refueling device 8 can be pulled out from the hydrogen refueling port 13, the cover of the hydrogen refueling port 13 can be closed, and the connection between the chiller quick connector 17 and the chiller unit 9 can be disconnected. The hydrogen refueling flow rate change step size of the hydrogen refueling device 8 can be measured by the hydrogen refueling device 8 and sent to the controller 28. The preset step size and preset duration can be set according to requirements; for example, the preset duration can be set to 10 minutes.

[0039] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and a hydrogen buffer tank 52, both connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a first safety valve 10 disposed between the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and the hydrogen buffer tank 52. The first safety valve 10 is used to open when the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 reaches a first pressure threshold, so as to release the hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 to the hydrogen buffer tank 52. The first pressure threshold can be set according to requirements.

[0040] Understandably, during the startup or shutdown of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can be used to collect and store hydrogen that overflows from the first safety valve 10 when the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 is too high (greater than the first pressure threshold), preventing this portion of hydrogen from being directly released into the atmosphere, avoiding fuel waste, and also improving the safety of hydrogen storage. This avoids hydrogen safety hazards. The hydrogen entering the hydrogen buffer tank 52 will not be reabsorbed by the alloy in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and can serve as one of the hydrogen sources for the startup and heating process of the fuel cell system 4. Understandably, in this embodiment, the hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can also be used to directly start the fuel cell system 4 under low-temperature conditions, further ensuring a rapid low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4.

[0041] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 further includes a second safety valve 11 and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 disposed on the hydrogen supply channel 7. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is disposed at the end of the second safety valve 11 away from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and the hydrogen buffer tank 52. The second safety valve 11 is used to open when the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 reaches a second pressure threshold, so as to depressurize the hydrogen storage system 5. Figure 1P2, shown in the diagram, is the second pressure sensor used to measure the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 (the pressure in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is also equal to this front-end hydrogen pressure). The hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is one of the criteria for determining the hydrogen supply and heat exchange strategies of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 during the startup and operation of the fuel cell system 4, and also one of the criteria for determining the hydrogen buffer protection strategy during normal system operation. Understandably, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is operating normally, and the solenoid valve at the bottle opening supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell system 4 through the hydrogen supply channel 7, the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 measured by P1 is basically equal to the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 measured by P2. After shutdown and settling to room temperature, because the alloy in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 will absorb some hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 measured by P1 will often be less than the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 measured by P2. Understandably, when the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 reaches the second pressure threshold, it indicates that the hydrogen pressure in the current hydrogen supply channel 7 is too high, and the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can no longer collect and store hydrogen. If the pressure continues to increase at this time, it may cause safety hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to open the second safety valve 11 to release the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply channel 7 of the hydrogen storage system 5, thereby ensuring system safety.

[0042] In one embodiment, the heating switching circuit 1 further includes a water circuit control valve 101 disposed between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, the water circuit control valve 101 being used to control the on / off connection between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3. In one embodiment, a radiator 12 is provided on the first cooling water circuit 2. In this embodiment, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system operates under the scorching sun in summer, the hydrogen storage system 5 provides hydrogen to the fuel cell system 4. At this time, if the hydrogen storage system 5 continues to heat up due to the influence of ambient temperature, it may cause the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 measured by the second pressure sensor P2 to exceed the second pressure threshold. At this time, the temperature of the battery outlet and the temperature of the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 can be compared. When the temperature of the battery outlet is greater than or equal to the temperature of the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, since there is a coupling relationship between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, it means that as long as the opening of the water circuit control valve 101 is increased, the water temperature in the second cooling water circuit 3 can be reduced by the lower temperature water in the first cooling water circuit 2, so as to reduce the hydrogen temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and thus reduce the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Simultaneously, the radiator 12 can be controlled to further reduce the water temperature in the first cooling water circuit 2, thereby further enhancing the heat exchange between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3. This achieves the purpose of reducing the hydrogen temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51, and thus reducing the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Ultimately, this prevents the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 from continuously rising until it is reduced to below the second pressure threshold within a certain period of time. In this case, it indicates that the second safety valve 11 does not need to be opened to release pressure from the hydrogen storage system 5. However, when the battery outlet temperature is lower than the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51, it indicates that even by increasing the opening of the water circuit control valve 101 and / or opening the radiator 12, the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 cannot be reduced. Therefore, the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 cannot be reduced by the above method. At this time, the hydrogen storage system 5 can only be released by opening the second safety valve 11.

[0043] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid hydrogen storage device 51 and a hydrogen buffer tank 52, both connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7; the hydrogen supply channel 7 includes a main channel 701, a first branch 702, a second branch 703, and a third branch 704; the first branch 702 is connected to the main channel 701, and the solid hydrogen storage device 51 is disposed on the first branch 702; the second branch 703 is connected to the first branch 702, and the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is disposed on the second branch 703 and connected to the main channel 701 through the third branch 704.

[0044] Furthermore, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a bottle neck control valve 15 and a first pressure sensor P1 installed on the first branch 702. The bottle neck control valve 15 is used to control the opening and closing of the first branch, and the first pressure sensor P1 is used to measure the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51. The hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 can be used as one of the criteria for determining the start and stop of the hydrogen refueling operation of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, and is also the criteria for determining the hydrogen supply and heat exchange strategies when the fuel cell system 4 starts up and works.

[0045] Specifically, when the first amount of hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 or the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, it indicates that the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the aforementioned first or second amount of hydrogen. At this time, it is determined that the hydrogen storage system 5 does not have a hydrogen heating requirement, that is, there is no hydrogen heating requirement. If the first amount of hydrogen meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the bottle neck control valve 15 set on the first branch 702 can be opened to keep the first branch 702 connected, while the first safety valve 10 set on the second branch 703 is closed, so that the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is not connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. At this time, the second branch 703 is disconnected, and the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the hydrogen output from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 through the first branch 702 and the main channel 701. When the second hydrogen quantity meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, both the bottle neck control valve 15 and the first safety valve 10 need to be closed, thereby keeping the first branch 702 and the second branch 703 disconnected. This allows the fuel cell system 4 to be started using the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen buffer tank 52 through the third branch 704 and the main channel 701. Thus, through the specific structural arrangement of the hydrogen supply channel 7, hydrogen can be supplied by the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and the hydrogen buffer tank 52 respectively for starting the fuel cell system 4. In this invention, the control valve can be a solenoid valve.

[0046] Furthermore, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18, a second pressure sensor P2, and a third pressure sensor P3 installed on the main channel 701. The second pressure sensor P2 is used to detect the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 (the pressure of the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is also equal to this front end hydrogen pressure). The hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is one of the criteria for determining the hydrogen supply and heat exchange strategies of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 during the startup and operation of the fuel cell system 4, and is also one of the criteria for determining the hydrogen buffer protection strategy during normal system operation. The third pressure sensor P3 is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system 4, that is, the hydrogen pressure at the rear end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. The hydrogen pressure at the rear end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is the hydrogen consumption pressure criterion of the fuel cell system 4, the input condition for the feedforward control of the hydrogen injector flow of the fuel cell system 4, and also the criterion for determining whether the fuel cell system 4 is operating normally or at limited power.

[0047] This utility model also provides a method for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell, applied to the aforementioned fuel cell hydrogen supply system. The specific limitations of this fuel cell hydrogen supply system are detailed above and will not be repeated here. Figure 2 As shown, the fuel cell hydrogen supply method includes:

[0048] S100: Receive the start-up request of the fuel cell system 4, obtain the hydrogen pressure information in the hydrogen supply channel 7, and determine the hydrogen heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5 based on the hydrogen pressure information. The hydrogen pressure information can refer to the hydrogen pressure inside the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 detected by the first pressure sensor P1, and the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 detected by the second pressure sensor P2. Understandably, after the vehicle's high-voltage power supply is turned on, before the fuel cell system 4 starts, the controller 28 will first determine whether the fuel cell system 4 needs to perform a low-temperature cold start scenario or a normal-temperature start scenario. The determination process for the low-temperature cold start scenario and the normal-temperature start scenario can be based on the ambient temperature and the fuel cell stack outlet temperature obtained by the controller 28. Specifically, the method of determining the hydrogen heating requirement based on the hydrogen pressure information will also differ under the low-temperature cold start scenario and the normal-temperature start scenario.

[0049] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid hydrogen storage device 51 and a hydrogen buffer tank 52, both connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7; in step S100, determining the hydrogen heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5 based on the hydrogen pressure information includes: when the hydrogen heating requirement indicates that the first amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 or the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, determining that the hydrogen heating requirement is no heating requirement.

[0050] Specifically, in a room-temperature start-up scenario, if the hydrogen pressure inside the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is greater than the first room-temperature pressure threshold (the first room-temperature pressure threshold can be set according to requirements), this indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is sufficient to support the room-temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving a start-up request from the fuel cell system 4, since the first amount of hydrogen meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 can achieve room-temperature start-up of the fuel cell without heating the hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen heating requirement for the hydrogen storage system 5 is zero.

[0051] In a normal temperature start-up scenario, if the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is less than or equal to the first normal temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is insufficient to support the normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Conversely, if the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is greater than or equal to the second normal temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is sufficient to support the normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving a start-up request from the fuel cell system 4, since the second amount of hydrogen meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 can achieve normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell without heating the hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen heating requirement for the hydrogen storage system 5 is zero. Understandably, the second ambient temperature pressure threshold is greater than the first ambient temperature pressure threshold because the second ambient temperature pressure threshold is for the hydrogen buffer tank 52 and the hydrogen supply channel 7, which can store a small amount of hydrogen. After the machine is shut down and the bottle opening control valve 15 is closed, the temperature drops and the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 will be adsorbed by the alloy, which will cause the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to be less than the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Therefore, it is also necessary to set the second ambient temperature pressure threshold to be greater than the first ambient temperature pressure threshold.

[0052] Similarly, in a low-temperature cold start scenario, if the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is greater than the first low-temperature pressure threshold (the first low-temperature pressure threshold can be set according to requirements, and the first low-temperature pressure threshold needs to be less than the preset completion pressure), then it indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is sufficient to support the room-temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving the start-up request from the fuel cell system 4, since the first amount of hydrogen meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 can achieve room-temperature start-up of the fuel cell without heating the hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen heating requirement for the hydrogen storage system 5 is zero.

[0053] In a low-temperature cold start scenario, if the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is less than or equal to the first low-temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is insufficient to support the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4. Conversely, if the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is greater than or equal to the second low-temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is sufficient to support the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving a start request from the fuel cell system 4, since the second amount of hydrogen meets the start requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 can achieve a low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell without heating the hydrogen. Thus, the hydrogen heating requirement for the hydrogen storage system 5 is zero. Understandably, the second low-temperature pressure threshold is greater than the first low-temperature pressure threshold because the second low-temperature pressure threshold is for the hydrogen buffer tank 52 and the hydrogen supply channel 7, which can store a small amount of hydrogen. After the machine is shut down and the bottle control valve 15 is closed, the temperature drops and the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 will be adsorbed by the alloy, which will cause the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to be less than the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Therefore, it is also necessary to set the second low-temperature pressure threshold to be greater than the first low-temperature pressure threshold.

[0054] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid hydrogen storage device 51 and a hydrogen buffer tank 52, both connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7; in step S100, determining the hydrogen heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5 based on the hydrogen pressure information includes: when the hydrogen heating requirement indicates that neither the first hydrogen quantity in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 nor the second hydrogen quantity in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, determining that the hydrogen heating requirement exists.

[0055] In other words, under normal temperature start-up conditions, if the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is less than or equal to the first normal temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is insufficient to support the normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Furthermore, if the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is also less than the second normal temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is also insufficient to support the normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving a start-up request from the fuel cell system 4, since neither the first nor the second amount of hydrogen can meet the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 needs to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thereby achieving normal temperature start-up of the fuel cell. Therefore, the hydrogen heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5 is present.

[0056] In a low-temperature cold start scenario, if the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is less than or equal to the first low-temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the first amount of gaseous hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is insufficient to support the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4. If the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is also less than the second low-temperature pressure threshold, it indicates that the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is also insufficient to support the low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, upon receiving a start request from the fuel cell system 4, since neither the first nor the second amount of hydrogen can meet the start requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen storage system 5 needs to heat the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thereby achieving a low-temperature cold start for the fuel cell. Therefore, the hydrogen heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5 is present.

[0057] S200, determine the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the on / off state of the heater 6 according to the hydrogen heating requirement; the connection state is used to characterize whether the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 are connected; wherein, the on / off state of the heater 6 is to turn on the heater 6 to heat or turn off the heater 6 to stop heating. Understandably, the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 is used to characterize the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 to the connection state of the first cooling water circuit 2 and / or the second cooling water circuit 3. Under different connection states, the heater 6 can heat the water in the first cooling water circuit 2 and / or the second cooling water circuit 3 respectively. For example, if the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 is connected to the second cooling water circuit 3, the heater 6 can be used to heat the water in the second cooling water circuit 3, so that when the heated water in the second cooling water circuit 3 flows through the hydrogen storage system 5 (such as the solid hydrogen storage device 51), it heats the hydrogen storage system 5, so as to cause the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thereby meeting the chiller heating requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5. If the heating switching circuit 1 is connected to the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, the heater 6 can be used to heat the water in the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 at the same time, so that the heated water in the first cooling water circuit 2 meets the low temperature cold start requirement of the fuel cell system 4, and the heated water in the second cooling water circuit 3 can heat the hydrogen storage system 5 (such as the solid hydrogen storage device 51) when it flows through it, so as to cause the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to release hydrogen, thereby meeting the cold start temperature rise requirement of the hydrogen storage system 5.

[0058] S300, based on the connection state and the switch state, a pre-start operation is performed to start the fuel cell system 4, while maintaining the hydrogen supply system supplying hydrogen to the fuel cell system 4 through the hydrogen supply channel 7. The pre-start operation includes controlling the heating switching circuit 1 and the first cooling water circuit 2 and / or the second cooling water circuit 3 according to the connection state.

[0059] In the above embodiments of this utility model, since the fuel cell system 4 is installed on the first cooling water circuit 2 and the hydrogen storage system 5 is installed on the second cooling water circuit 3, and the first cooling water circuit 2 of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit 3 through the heating switching circuit 1, the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 can share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system (including the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3). The heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation can be directly transferred to the hydrogen storage system 5 through the parallel first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 to heat it, thereby enabling the hydrogen storage system 5 to release hydrogen for use by the fuel cell. In the above process, there is no need to convert heat through a heat exchanger, which realizes efficient and rapid utilization of the heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation, improves the heat utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, and also accelerates the temperature response of the hydrogen storage system 5. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system, the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the switching state of the heater 6 can be specifically determined according to the hydrogen heating requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5, thereby meeting the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5 and thus meeting the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell system 4. Since the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention does not require the installation of a heat exchanger and shares a set of heaters 6, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the layout space is saved.

[0060] In one embodiment, the heating switching circuit 1 further includes a water circuit control valve 101 disposed between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3; in step S200, determining the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the on / off state of the heater 6 according to the hydrogen heating demand includes: when the hydrogen heating demand is no heating demand, determining that the on / off state of the heater 6 is closed, and determining that the connection state is a first connection state, wherein the first connection state indicates that the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 are connected.

[0061] Further, in step S300, the step of performing a pre-start operation to start the fuel cell system 4 according to the connection state and the switch state includes: controlling the heater 6 to turn off and controlling the water control valve 101 of the heating switching circuit 1 to open, so as to start the fuel cell system 4 through the hydrogen output from the solid hydrogen storage device 51 or the hydrogen buffer tank 52.

[0062] In this embodiment, since the hydrogen storage system 5 has no heating requirement, the heater 6 can remain closed. The first connection state indicates that the heating switching circuit 1 is switched to be connected to both the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3. Therefore, the water circuit control valve 101 in the cooling switching circuit needs to be opened to connect the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, so that after the hydrogen output from the hydrogen storage system 5 starts the fuel cell system 4, the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 can be cooled by the coupled first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 respectively.

[0063] In one embodiment, the hydrogen supply channel 7 includes a main channel 701, a first branch 702, a second branch 703, and a third branch 704; the first branch 702 connects to the main channel 701, and the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is disposed on the first branch 702; the second branch 703 connects to the first branch 702, and the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is disposed on the second branch 703 and connected to the main channel 701 through the third branch 704; starting the fuel cell system 4 with hydrogen output from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 or the hydrogen buffer tank 52 includes:

[0064] When there is no heating requirement for hydrogen, if the first hydrogen quantity meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, then the first branch 702 is kept connected, and the second branch 703 is disconnected, so that the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the hydrogen output from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 through the first branch 702 and the main channel 701; that is,

[0065] When there is no heating requirement for hydrogen, if the second hydrogen quantity meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, then the first branch 702 and the second branch 703 are both kept disconnected so that the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the hydrogen output from the hydrogen buffer tank 52 through the third branch 704 and the main channel 701.

[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the first amount of hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 or the second amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, it indicates that the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the first or second amount of hydrogen. At this time, it is determined that the hydrogen storage system 5 does not have a hydrogen heating requirement, that is, there is no hydrogen heating requirement. If the first amount of hydrogen meets the startup requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the bottle neck control valve 15 on the first branch 702 can be opened to keep the first branch 702 connected, while the first safety valve 10 on the second branch 703 is closed, so that the hydrogen buffer tank 52 is not connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. At this time, the second branch 703 is disconnected, and the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the hydrogen output from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 through the first branch 702 and the main channel 701. When the second hydrogen quantity meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, it is necessary to control the bottle opening control valve 15 and the first safety valve 10 to close, thereby keeping the first branch 702 and the second branch 703 disconnected, so as to start the fuel cell system 4 using the hydrogen output from the hydrogen buffer tank 52 through the third branch 704 and the main channel 701.

[0067] In one embodiment, the heating switching circuit 1 further includes a water circuit control valve 101 disposed between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3; in step S200, determining the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the on / off state of the heater 6 according to the hydrogen heating demand includes: when the hydrogen heating demand is present, determining that the on / off state of the heater 6 is open, and determining that the connection state is a second connection state, wherein the second connection state indicates that the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 are disconnected.

[0068] Further, in step S300, the step of performing a pre-start operation to start the fuel cell system 4 according to the connection state and the switch state includes: controlling the water control valve 101 of the heating switching circuit 1 to close, and simultaneously controlling the heater 6 to turn on to heat the second cooling water circuit 3 to increase the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, and when the amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, using the hydrogen output from the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to start the fuel cell system 4.

[0069] In this embodiment, since the hydrogen storage system 5 has a heating requirement, the heater 6 needs to be kept on. The second connection state indicates that the heating switching circuit 1 needs to be switched to only connect with the first cooling water circuit 2. Therefore, the water circuit control valve 101 needs to be closed so that the water in the second cooling water circuit 3 can be heated by the heater 6 to increase the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, so that the solid hydrogen storage device 51 releases hydrogen. This makes the increased third hydrogen quantity of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 meet the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4. Then, the fuel cell system 4 can be started using the third hydrogen quantity.

[0070] In one embodiment, starting the fuel cell system 4 using the hydrogen output from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 includes:

[0071] If it is determined that the fuel cell system 4 requires a low-temperature cold start, the water circuit control valve 101 of the heating switching loop 1 is opened, so that the heater 6 simultaneously heats the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, and the fuel cell system 4 is started using the hydrogen output from the solid hydrogen storage device 51. When it is determined that the water temperature of the first cooling water circuit 2 is greater than or equal to the target warm-up temperature, the heater 6 is turned off. That is, if the fuel cell system 4 requires a low-temperature cold start, since there is no hydrogen heating requirement, it means that the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and the buffer tank cannot meet the room temperature start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, in the above embodiment, when controlling the heating switching loop... When the water control valve 101 of circuit 1 is closed, the heater 6 is simultaneously turned on to heat the second cooling water circuit 3 to increase the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51. When the amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 of the hydrogen storage system 5 meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the water control valve 101 of the heating switching circuit 1 needs to be reopened so that the heater 6 can be turned on to heat the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 at the same time, thereby increasing the temperature of both the hydrogen storage system 5 and the fuel cell system 4. Furthermore, at this time, the thermostat 25 can control the first cooling water circuit 2 to run in a small circulation, that is, through the deion tank 26 (since it is a heating process, the radiator 12 is not needed for heat dissipation). Then, the fuel cell system 4 is started with the third amount of hydrogen output from the solid hydrogen storage device 51. Finally, when it is determined that the water temperature of the first cooling water circuit 2 is greater than or equal to the target warm-up temperature, it means that there is no need to heat the first cooling water circuit 2 anymore. At this time, the heater 6 is turned off, and the waste heat from the reaction of the fuel cell stack 23 is recovered and used to heat the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to continuously release hydrogen.

[0072] If the fuel cell system 4 does not require a low-temperature cold start, the heater 6 is turned off, and the fuel cell system 4 is started using the hydrogen output from the solid hydrogen storage device 51. When the water temperature of the first cooling water circuit 2 is determined to be greater than or equal to the target warm-up temperature, the water circuit control valve 101 of the heating switching circuit 1 is opened. That is, if the fuel cell system 4 does not need to perform a low-temperature cold start, then the fuel cell system 4 needs to perform a normal temperature start. In this embodiment, since there is a heating requirement for hydrogen, it means that the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and the buffer tank cannot meet the normal temperature start of the fuel cell system 4. Therefore, in the above embodiment, the water circuit control valve 101 of the heating switching circuit 1 is closed, and the heater 6 is turned on to heat the second cooling water circuit 3 to increase the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51. When the third amount of hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device 51 of the hydrogen storage system 5 meets the start-up requirements of the fuel cell system 4, the heater 6 needs to be turned off first. Then, the fuel cell system 4 is started with the hydrogen from the third amount of hydrogen output by the solid hydrogen storage device 51. Finally, when it is determined that the water temperature of the first cooling water circuit 2 is greater than or equal to the target warm-up temperature, it means that there is no need to heat the first cooling water circuit 2 anymore. At this time, the water circuit control valve 101 is opened to start recovering and utilizing the reaction waste heat of the fuel cell stack 23 to heat the solid hydrogen storage device 51 to continuously release hydrogen.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, P3 is the third pressure sensor, used to measure the hydrogen pressure at the downstream end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18, which is also the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system 4. The hydrogen pressure at the downstream end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is the hydrogen pressure criterion for the fuel cell system 4, the input condition for the hydrogen injector flow feedforward control of the fuel cell system 4, and also the basis for determining whether the fuel cell system 4 is operating normally or at limited power. Understandably, in this invention, before each start-up of the fuel cell system 4, it is necessary to determine whether the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system 4 is greater than or equal to the preset start-up hydrogen pressure threshold. Only when the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system 4 is greater than or equal to the preset start-up hydrogen pressure threshold can the fuel cell system 4 start normally. Understandably, in this embodiment, the preset start-up hydrogen pressure threshold can be set according to requirements, but in a normal temperature start-up scenario, the first normal temperature pressure threshold is greater than the preset start-up hydrogen pressure threshold; in a low temperature cold start-up scenario, the first low temperature pressure threshold is greater than the preset start-up hydrogen pressure threshold.

[0074] The above embodiments of this utility model can simultaneously meet the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell and the heating requirements of the solid hydrogen storage device 51. Furthermore, by coupling the first cooling water path 2 and the second cooling water path 3, the heat utilization efficiency of the fuel cell system 4 can be improved, the temperature response of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 can be accelerated, and the cost and layout space can be reduced.

[0075] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device 51; the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen refueling device 8 connected to the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 via the hydrogen supply channel 7, and a chiller unit 9 connected to the second cooling water circuit 3; before step S100, that is, before receiving the start-up request of the fuel cell system 4, the system further includes:

[0076] When it is determined that the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2 is lower than the preset hydrogen addition temperature, the hydrogen addition device 8 is controlled to perform hydrogen addition operation on the solid hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogen addition rate, and cold water is injected into the first cooling water circuit 2 through the chiller unit 9 to cool down the solid hydrogen storage device 51.

[0077] In this embodiment, the device can only be opened after the vehicle's high voltage is turned off, that is, when the vehicle is in a parked state. Figure 1 The bottle neck control valve 15 shown in the diagram performs a hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51. This refueling operation can occur before receiving a start-up request from the fuel cell system 4. Specifically, before performing the hydrogen refueling operation, it is first necessary to determine whether the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2 is lower than a preset hydrogen refueling temperature. This preset hydrogen refueling temperature can be set as needed. Then, when it is determined that the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2 is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature, the hydrogen refueling device 8 is controlled to perform a hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogen refueling rate. In a further embodiment, after determining that the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature, it is also necessary to determine that the current outlet temperature is lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature and maintain this temperature for a first duration before starting the hydrogen refueling operation on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogen refueling rate. Both the preset hydrogen refueling rate and the first duration can be set as needed; for example, the first duration can be 30 seconds. Understandably, during the hydrogen refueling operation, cold water needs to be injected into the first cooling water circuit 2 through the chiller unit 9 to cool down the solid hydrogen storage device 51. That is, during the hydrogen refueling operation, the chiller unit 9 needs to run continuously to inject cold water into the first cooling water circuit 2 to remove the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage device 51 during the hydrogen refueling process, thereby ensuring that the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 is always lower than the preset hydrogen refueling temperature.

[0078] In one embodiment, after controlling the hydrogenation device 8 to perform hydrogenation operation on the solid hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogenation rate, the method further includes:

[0079] When the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 exceeds the preset upper limit temperature for hydrogen addition, the hydrogen addition device 8 is controlled to reduce the preset hydrogen addition rate until the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 falls below the preset hydrogen addition temperature again. Then, the hydrogen addition device 8 is controlled to perform hydrogen addition operations on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogen addition rate. Understandably, after the hydrogen addition device 8 performs hydrogen addition operations on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogen addition rate, if the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 exceeds the preset upper limit temperature for hydrogen addition, the hydrogen addition device 8 needs to reduce the preset hydrogen addition rate to lower the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 until the outlet temperature falls below the preset hydrogen addition temperature again. Then, the hydrogen addition device 8 is controlled to resume performing hydrogen addition operations on the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 at the preset hydrogen addition rate.

[0080] In one embodiment, after controlling the hydrogenation device 8 to perform hydrogenation operation on the solid hydrogen storage device 51 at a preset hydrogenation rate, the method further includes:

[0081] When the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 reaches the preset completion pressure, and the hydrogen refueling flow rate change step of the hydrogen refueling device 8 is less than the preset step size and remains at that position for a preset duration, the hydrogen refueling operation is considered complete. At this time, the bottle control valve 15 can be closed, the hydrogen refueling device 8 can be pulled out from the hydrogen refueling port 13, the cover of the hydrogen refueling port 13 can be closed, and the connection between the chiller quick-connect port 17 and the chiller unit 9 can be disconnected. The hydrogen refueling flow rate change step size of the hydrogen refueling device 8 can be measured by the hydrogen refueling device 8 and sent to the controller 28. The preset step size and preset duration can be set according to requirements; for example, the preset duration can be set to 10 minutes.

[0082] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid hydrogen storage device 51 and a hydrogen buffer tank 52 both connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7; the fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a first safety valve 10 disposed between the solid hydrogen storage device 51 and the hydrogen buffer tank 52; the fuel cell hydrogen supply method further includes:

[0083] When the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 reaches a first pressure threshold, the first safety valve 10 is opened to release the hydrogen from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 into the hydrogen buffer tank 52. During startup or shutdown of the fuel cell system 4, the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can be used to collect and store hydrogen overflowing from the first safety valve 10 when the hydrogen pressure in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 is too high (greater than the first pressure threshold), preventing this hydrogen from being directly released into the atmosphere, avoiding fuel waste, and improving hydrogen storage safety. This avoids hydrogen safety hazards. The hydrogen entering the hydrogen buffer tank 52 will not be reabsorbed by the alloy in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and can serve as one of the hydrogen sources for the startup and heating process of the fuel cell system 4. Understandably, in this embodiment, the hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can also be used to directly start the fuel cell system 4, further ensuring a rapid low-temperature cold start of the fuel cell system 4.

[0084] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 further includes a second safety valve 11 and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 disposed on the hydrogen supply channel 7. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is disposed at the end of the second safety valve 11 away from the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and the hydrogen buffer tank 52. The fuel cell hydrogen supply method further includes: when it is determined that the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 reaches a second pressure threshold, controlling the second safety valve 11 to open to depressurize the hydrogen storage system 5; the second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold. Figure 1 P2 shown is the second pressure sensor, used to measure the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Understandably, when the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 reaches the second pressure threshold, it indicates that the hydrogen pressure in the current hydrogen supply channel 7 is too high, and the hydrogen buffer tank 52 can no longer collect and store hydrogen. If the pressure continues to increase at this time, it may cause a safety hazard. Therefore, it is necessary to open the second safety valve 11 to release the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply channel 7 of the hydrogen storage system 5, thereby ensuring system safety.

[0085] In one embodiment, a radiator 12 is provided on the first cooling water circuit 2; the heating switching circuit 1 further includes a water circuit control valve 101 disposed between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3; controlling the second safety valve 11 to open to depressurize the hydrogen storage system 5 includes:

[0086] Determine whether the battery outlet temperature of the first cooling water circuit 2 is greater than the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51. That is, in this embodiment, when the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is operating under the scorching sun in summer, the hydrogen storage system 5 provides hydrogen to the fuel cell system 4. At this time, if the hydrogen storage system 5 continues to heat up due to the influence of the ambient temperature, it may cause the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 measured by the second pressure sensor P2 to exceed the second pressure threshold. At this time, the battery outlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 can be compared to determine the specific solution.

[0087] When the battery outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51, the opening of the water circuit control valve 101 is increased or / and the radiator 12 is opened to lower the water temperature in the first cooling water circuit 2, thereby reducing the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 to less than the second pressure threshold. When the battery outlet temperature is greater than or equal to the outlet temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51, since there is a coupling relationship between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3, it means that as long as the opening of the water circuit control valve 101 is increased, the water temperature in the second cooling water circuit 3 can be lowered by the lower temperature water in the first cooling water circuit 2, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature in the solid-state hydrogen storage device 51 and thus reducing the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Simultaneously, the radiator 12 can be controlled to further reduce the water temperature in the first cooling water circuit 2, thereby further enhancing the heat exchange between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3. This achieves the purpose of reducing the hydrogen temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device 51, thereby reducing the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Ultimately, this prevents the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 from continuously increasing until the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is reduced to less than the second pressure threshold within a certain period of time. This indicates that it is not necessary to open the second safety valve 11 to release pressure from the hydrogen storage system 5.

[0088] When the temperature at the battery outlet is lower than the temperature at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, the water control valve 101 is closed, and the second safety valve 11 is opened to depressurize the hydrogen storage system 5. Understandably, when the temperature at the battery outlet is lower than the temperature at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage device 51, it means that even by increasing the opening of the water control valve 101 and / or opening the radiator 12, the temperature at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 cannot be reduced. Therefore, the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 cannot be reduced in the above manner. In this case, the hydrogen storage system 5 can only be depressurized by opening the second safety valve 11.

[0089] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage system 5 includes a solid hydrogen storage device 51 connected to the hydrogen supply channel 7 and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 disposed on the hydrogen supply channel 7. The heating switching circuit 1 further includes a water circuit control valve 101 disposed between the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3. Maintaining the hydrogen supply system to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell system 4 through the hydrogen supply channel 7 includes:

[0090] Obtain the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and the target pressure value; wherein, the target pressure value can be set according to requirements.

[0091] When the pressure difference exceeds the preset pressure deviation range, the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is controlled by PID. The PID control of the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 includes: adjusting the opening of the water circuit control valve 101 to adjust the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 located in the first cooling water circuit 2, thereby maintaining the pressure difference within the preset pressure deviation range.

[0092] Understandably, if the pressure difference exceeds the preset pressure deviation range, it indicates that the current hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is unstable (too high or too low). Therefore, it is necessary to perform PID control on the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18. Specifically, the above-mentioned PID control process refers to adjusting the water temperature in the first cooling water path 2 flowing through the solid hydrogen storage device 51, thereby adjusting the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 (the outlet temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51 is the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 51), thereby maintaining a stable amount of hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage device 51, ensuring that the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the pressure reducing valve and the target pressure value is within the preset pressure deviation range, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the hydrogen storage system 5 and the fuel cell system 4.

[0093] In the above embodiment, before obtaining the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and the target pressure value, it is necessary to determine whether the SOC (State of Charge, the state of charge value of the battery) of the fuel cell system 4 is greater than or equal to the preset minimum SOC value. When the SOC value of the fuel cell system 4 is greater than or equal to the preset minimum SOC value, it indicates that the fuel cell system 4 can operate normally. At this time, the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and the target pressure value is obtained. However, when the SOC value of the fuel cell system 4 is less than the preset minimum SOC value, the SOC value may be too low, which may cause the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 to decrease, thereby causing the hydrogen pressure at the rear end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 (that is, the hydrogen inlet pressure value of the fuel cell system 4) to be lower than the working pressure of the fuel cell system 4. At this time, the fuel cell system 4 may not be able to start normally. Therefore, it is necessary to control the entire fuel cell hydrogen supply system to operate at a preset limited power before obtaining the pressure difference between the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and the target pressure value.

[0094] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of this utility model embodiment.

[0095] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0096] This utility model embodiment also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned fuel cell hydrogen supply system.

[0097] This utility model embodiment also provides a vehicle, including a controller 28 for performing the fuel cell hydrogen supply method.

[0098] For specific vehicle limitations, please refer to the limitations regarding fuel cell hydrogen supply systems or fuel cell hydrogen supply methods mentioned above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the controller 28 can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in hardware or independent of the processor in the controller 28, or stored in software in the memory of the controller 28, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0099] In the vehicle of the above embodiment of this utility model, the fuel cell system 4 is installed on the first cooling water circuit 2, and the hydrogen storage system 5 is installed on the second cooling water circuit 3. The first cooling water circuit 2 of the fuel cell hydrogen supply system is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit 3 through a heating switching circuit 1. In this way, the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 can share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system (including the first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3). The heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation can be directly transferred to the hydrogen storage system 5 through the parallel first cooling water circuit 2 and the second cooling water circuit 3 to heat it, thereby enabling the hydrogen storage system 5 to release hydrogen for use by the fuel cell. In the above process, there is no need for heat exchanger to convert heat, realizing efficient and rapid utilization of the heat released by the fuel cell system 4 during operation, improving the heat utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, and accelerating the temperature response of the hydrogen storage system 5. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system 4 and the hydrogen storage system 5 in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention share the same heating switching circuit 1 and heat dissipation system, the connection state of the heating switching circuit 1 and the switching state of the heater 6 can be specifically determined according to the hydrogen heating requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5, thereby meeting the cold start temperature requirements of the hydrogen storage system 5 and thus meeting the low-temperature cold start requirements of the fuel cell system 4. Since the fuel cell hydrogen supply system of this invention does not require the installation of a heat exchanger and shares a set of heaters 6, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the layout space is saved.

[0100] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system, characterized in that, It includes a heating switching circuit, a first cooling water circuit, a second cooling water circuit, a fuel cell system disposed on the first cooling water circuit, a hydrogen storage system disposed on the second cooling water circuit, and a heater disposed on the heating switching circuit; A hydrogen supply channel is provided between the fuel cell system and the hydrogen storage system; the first cooling water circuit is connected in parallel with the second cooling water circuit through the heating switching circuit.

2. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system includes a solid-state hydrogen storage device; The fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a hydrogen refueling device connected to the solid hydrogen storage device through the hydrogen supply channel, and a chiller unit connected to the second cooling water circuit; the hydrogen refueling device is used to perform hydrogen refueling operation on the solid hydrogen storage device; the chiller unit is used to inject cold water into the first cooling water circuit to cool the solid hydrogen storage device when the hydrogen refueling device performs hydrogen refueling operation.

3. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system includes a solid hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen buffer tank, both of which are connected to the hydrogen supply channel. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system further includes a first safety valve disposed between the solid hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen buffer tank; the first safety valve is used to open when it is determined that the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device reaches a first pressure threshold, so as to release the hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage device to the hydrogen buffer tank.

4. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system also includes a second safety valve and a hydrogen pressure reducing valve disposed on the hydrogen supply channel. The hydrogen pressure reducing valve is disposed at the end of the second safety valve away from the solid hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen buffer tank. The second safety valve is used to open when the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve reaches a second pressure threshold, so as to depressurize the hydrogen storage system.

5. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating switching circuit also includes a water circuit control valve disposed between the first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit, the water circuit control valve being used to control the on / off connection between the first cooling water circuit and the second cooling water circuit.

6. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A radiator is installed on the first cooling water line.

7. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system includes a solid hydrogen storage device and a hydrogen buffer tank, both of which are connected to the hydrogen supply channel. The hydrogen supply channel includes a main channel, a first branch, a second branch, and a third branch; the first branch is connected to the main channel, and the solid hydrogen storage device is installed on the first branch; the second branch is connected to the first branch, and the hydrogen buffer tank is installed on the second branch and connected to the main channel through the third branch.

8. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a bottle neck control valve and a first pressure sensor installed on the first branch. The bottle neck control valve is used to control the opening and closing of the first branch, and the first pressure sensor is used to measure the hydrogen pressure in the solid hydrogen storage device.

9. The fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fuel cell hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen pressure reducing valve, a second pressure sensor, and a third pressure sensor installed on the main channel. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen pressure at the front end of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve, and the third pressure sensor is used to detect the hydrogen inlet pressure of the fuel cell system.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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