Active oxygen responsive stent

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides an active oxygen responsive support which comprises a support body, the support body comprises a plurality of layers of frame bodies arranged in a stacked mode, each layer of frame body comprises a plurality of parallel columns arranged at intervals, and the columns are arranged in any two adjacent layers of frame bodies. The columns in one layer of the frame body and the columns in the other layer of the frame body are arranged in a crossed mode at a preset angle, and holes communicating with one another are formed among the multiple columns. And the active nano particles are embedded in the column body. According to the active oxygen responsive stent provided by the embodiment of the invention, the bioavailability of the active nano-particles is effectively improved, the antioxidant activity of the active nano-particles is maintained, and responsive release of the active substances in the active nano-particles to excessive active oxygen in target cells is realized, so that pathological damage of the excessive active oxygen is inhibited, the physiological function of the excessive active oxygen is maintained, and the activity of the active nano-particles is improved. The diabetes mellitus bone regeneration and defect repair are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold. Background Technology

[0002] Diabetic bone defects refer to bone damage or loss in diabetic patients due to various causes. This type of problem is relatively common in diabetic patients and is difficult to treat. Pathological characteristics mainly include delayed healing, impaired angiogenesis, increased risk of infection, poor wound healing, osteoporosis, impaired cell function, and impaired mesenchymal stem cell function. Common causes include trauma, surgery, infection, and metabolic abnormalities. 3D printing technology can support the manufacturing requirements of artificial bone conformation (individualized shape matching) and biomimicry (microporous structure within bone), providing an effective means for the fabrication of composite biomimetic bone regeneration scaffolds. Therefore, using 3D printing technology to prepare organic-inorganic composite materials with controllable external morphology and internal structure, achieving biomimicry of material composition and structural morphology to improve osteogenic performance, is an important research direction in artificial bone preparation. In the pathological environment of diabetic bone defects, the design and application of functional scaffolds can significantly improve treatment outcomes and promote bone defect healing.

[0003] However, current scaffolds cannot maintain antioxidant activity and respond to the release of excess reactive oxygen species in target cells, resulting in poor treatment outcomes. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold to solve the technical problem that existing scaffolds cannot maintain antioxidant activity and respond to the release of excessive reactive oxygen species in target cells, resulting in poor therapeutic effects.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold, comprising:

[0006] The support body includes multiple layers of frames stacked together. Each layer of the frame includes multiple parallel and spaced columns. In any two adjacent layers of the frame, the columns in one layer of the frame and the columns in the other layer of the frame are arranged to intersect at a preset angle, and the multiple columns form interconnected gaps.

[0007] Active nanoparticles are embedded in the column.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the frame structure with any two layers spaced apart, the columns in one layer of the frame structure are arranged parallel to each other or stacked at a preset angle with the columns in the other layer of the frame structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the preset angle is 30°~90°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the length of the column in each layer of the frame gradually decreases from the middle of the frame towards both sides.

[0011] In some embodiments, each of the columns is of equal length.

[0012] In some embodiments, the column is an elastic column.

[0013] In some embodiments, in any two adjacent frames, the column in one frame and the column in the other frame are in surface contact.

[0014] In some embodiments, the column is a prism, and in any two adjacent layers of the frame, the column in one layer of the frame and the column in the other layer of the frame are in line contact.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pore size is 100 μm to 300 μm. In a preferred embodiment, the pore size is 200 μm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the porosity of the stent body is 70% to 90%. In a preferred embodiment, the porosity of the stent body is 80%.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold has a length of 10mm ± 1mm, a width of 10mm ± 1mm, and a height of 1.5mm ± 0.1mm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent columns in the same layer of the frame is 0.2mm ± 0.02mm.

[0019] In some embodiments, the support body is integrally shaped as a cylinder, prism, elliptical cylinder, sphere, or ellipsoid.

[0020] In some embodiments, the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold is a 3D-printed one-piece structure.

[0021] The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in this application, by loading active nanoparticles, can effectively improve the bioavailability of active nanoparticles and maintain their antioxidant activity, while realizing the responsive release of active substances in the active nanoparticles in response to excessive reactive oxygen species in target cells, thereby inhibiting the pathological damage of excessive reactive oxygen species, preserving their physiological functions, and promoting bone regeneration and defect repair in diabetic patients. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the first embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the second embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the third embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold provided in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 and Figure 10 The embodiments of this application provide SEM images of reactive oxygen species responsive scaffolds at different magnifications using a scanning electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 5 kV.

[0032] The attached icon numbers are as follows:

[0033] 10. Support body; 11. Frame; 12. Column; 100. Hole. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the embodiments of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0035] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification of embodiments of this application and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments and the appended claims of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of embodiments in this application, references to "some embodiments" or "some embodiments" mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in some embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" refers to two or more.

[0040] MT is the abbreviation for melatonin;

[0041] ROS is the abbreviation for Reactive Oxygen Species.

[0042] TK is the abbreviation for ketethiocyanate;

[0043] PEG is the abbreviation for polyethylene glycol.

[0044] PLGA is the abbreviation for polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer.

[0045] This application provides a reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold includes a scaffold body 10 and active nanoparticles;

[0046] The support body 10 includes multiple layers of frame 11 stacked together. Each layer of frame 11 includes multiple parallel and spaced columns 12. In any two adjacent layers of frame 11, the columns 12 in one layer of frame 11 and the columns 12 in another layer of frame 11 are intersected at a preset angle, and the multiple columns 12 form interconnected holes 100.

[0047] Active nanoparticles are embedded in the column 12.

[0048] The reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive scaffold provided in this application comprises a multi-layered framework, each layer containing multiple parallel and spaced-apart columns. These columns not only provide physical support but also facilitate biological processes such as substance exchange, cell migration, and proliferation through the pores between them. In adjacent framework layers, the columns are intersected at a predetermined angle. This design increases the mechanical strength of the scaffold while maintaining good porosity, which is beneficial for three-dimensional cell growth and vascularization. Active nanoparticles are embedded within the columns, enabling controlled drug release or other biological functions in response to specific environmental conditions (such as changes in ROS levels). For example, in inflammatory or tumor environments, ROS levels are typically high, and this responsiveness allows for the precise release of drugs or other therapeutic agents where needed.

[0049] In this way, the bioavailability of active nanoparticles can be effectively improved and their antioxidant activity can be maintained, while the active substances in the active nanoparticles can be released in response to excess reactive oxygen species in target cells, thereby inhibiting the pathological damage of excess reactive oxygen species, preserving their physiological functions, and promoting bone regeneration and defect repair in diabetic patients.

[0050] In applications, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the active nanoparticles provided in this application include PLGA-TK-mPEG and melatonin. Melatonin is a natural hormone synthesized by the pineal gland at night and plays an important role in regulating circadian rhythms, body temperature, sexual development, and reproductive cycles. In recent years, studies have found that melatonin (MT) is also an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger, capable of directly neutralizing intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitrogenous reactants, reducing oxidative stress damage. Simultaneously, studies have found that MT can increase vascular endothelial growth factor levels at fracture sites, promoting angiogenesis and fracture healing. In recent years, it has been discovered that melatonin has the function of scavenging free radicals, thereby exerting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Its mechanism may involve the binding of melatonin receptor 1 and melatonin receptor 2 on cells. Studies have also indicated that melatonin has a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of TLR4, a key membrane protein in macrophage inflammation regulation, representing a major breakthrough in the exploration of melatonin's immunomodulatory mechanism. However, the poor stability, easy decomposition, and low bioavailability common to antioxidants also limit the application of MT. Current common solutions involve constructing drug delivery systems with sustained-release, controlled-release, or responsive release capabilities to improve the stability and bioavailability of antioxidant drugs. Considering the dual role of ROS in the body—excessive ROS causing oxidative stress damage to cells, a key pathogenesis in many systemic diseases; and physiological doses of ROS being key signaling molecules mediating various biological activities such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and gene expression—constructing ROS-responsive nanomaterials to eliminate excess ROS within cells and restore ROS concentrations to physiological levels is of great significance.

[0051] Furthermore, this application proposes to use the biodegradable material PLGA as a nanocarrier to construct ROS-responsive nanoparticles. Polylactic-glycolic acid copolymer (PLGA) is a type of biopolymer material formed by the random polymerization of lactic acid and glycolic acid in different proportions. It possesses excellent properties such as controllable degradation, good biocompatibility, and excellent plasticity. PLGA nanoparticles can protect drugs with low solubility and poor stability in the biological environment, control the drug release rate, and prolong the local residence time of the drug. Therefore, PLGA nanoparticles have great development potential as drug carriers.

[0052] In applications, thioclases from the chalcogen group are among the most widely studied ROS-responsive carrier materials in recent years. Ketothioclases contain the reducing non-metallic element sulfur, which can be oxidized in ROS environments. Under conditions of excessive ROS, the TK block undergoes hydrolytic cleavage, leading to polymer depolymerization and causing the nanoparticles to release the antioxidant drug MT in response. This effectively removes excessive ROS generated under diabetic conditions, gradually restoring intracellular ROS to physiological levels.

[0053] In summary, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive scaffold provided in this application prepares melatonin nanoparticles by loading melatonin into a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA-TK-PEG) polymer carrier with ROS-responsive release function. Subsequently, the ROS-responsive MT@PLGA-TK-PEG nanoparticles are thoroughly mixed with sodium alginate / gelatin hydrogel to construct a 3D-printed scaffold. This effectively improves the bioavailability of MT and maintains its antioxidant activity while achieving the responsive release of MT to excess ROS in target cells, thereby inhibiting the pathological damage caused by excess ROS, preserving its physiological function, and promoting bone regeneration and defect repair in diabetic patients.

[0054] In application, the active nanoparticles are uniformly embedded within the column 12. In a specific embodiment, they may be embedded on the surface of the column 12. This facilitates the timely release of the active nanoparticles.

[0055] In application, the main material of the scaffold body provided in this embodiment is sodium methacrylamide / gelatin. Both sodium alginate and gelatin are naturally derived biomaterials with good biocompatibility, which can reduce immune rejection and inflammatory responses. Both materials can gradually degrade in vivo, providing space for the growth of new tissue. The degradation rate can be controlled by the material formulation and degree of cross-linking to adapt to different application needs. Gelatin has good flexibility and elasticity, providing necessary mechanical support while allowing a certain degree of deformation, making it suitable for applications requiring flexibility, such as soft tissue repair. Sodium methacrylamide can form a stable three-dimensional network through photocrosslinking or chemical crosslinking, enhancing the mechanical strength of the scaffold and maintaining its structural integrity under physiological conditions. The mixture of sodium methacrylamide and gelatin has good rheological properties, maintaining appropriate viscosity and flowability during 3D printing, ensuring printing accuracy and structural uniformity. Sodium methacrylamide can be rapidly cured through photo-initiated crosslinking, suitable for high-speed 3D printing, improving production efficiency. Gelatin contains a large number of RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequences, which can promote cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Sodium alginate provides a suitable three-dimensional microenvironment for cell growth. The elastic properties of gelatin can activate intracellular mechanotransmission pathways, affecting cellular gene expression and functional behavior.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, in any two-layered frame 11, the columns 12 in one layer of frame 11 are arranged parallel to each other. That is, the two layers of frame 11, separated by one layer, have an identical layout design, which makes 3D printing of the entire stent body 10 easier and simplifies the design. In another embodiment, in any two-layered frame 11, the columns 12 in one layer of frame 11 are arranged at a predetermined angle to intersect each other. This arrangement allows for a greater variety of internal pores 100 in the stent body 10, resulting in more uniform distribution of the functionalized membrane layers within the pores 100, and consequently, a more uniform distribution of active nanoparticles, which is beneficial for improving the therapeutic effect of the functional composite stent.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the preset angle is 30°~90°. In a preferred embodiment, the preset angle is 90°. In another preferred embodiment, the preset angle is 60°. In other embodiments, the preset angle can also be any degree between 30° and 90°, such as 30° or 45°. This facilitates more convenient and faster parameter design of the scaffold body 10, and allows for a more rational structural distribution of the final scaffold body 10, enabling the formation of more pores 100, increasing the porosity of the scaffold body 10, and thus allowing for the loading of more active nanoparticles.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the length of the columns 12 in each layer of the frame 11 gradually decreases from the middle to both sides. The gradually varying lengths of the columns 12 better disperse the stress applied to the frame, avoiding stress concentration points and thus improving the overall structural stability and durability. This design mimics the gradual structure of natural bone, helping to better simulate the mechanical properties of natural bone and improving the biocompatibility and mechanical adaptability of the frame.

[0059] In applications, each column 12 can also be of equal length. This configuration, with all columns 12 being of the same length, implies a more uniform pore size and distribution, which helps to provide a consistent physical and chemical microenvironment. The uniform column length simplifies the manufacturing process, reduces production costs, and improves the feasibility of mass production. Due to the structural consistency, mathematical modeling and simulation are easier to perform, leading to better prediction and control of scaffold behavior, particularly in drug release and cell behavior studies.

[0060] In some embodiments, in any two adjacent frames 11, the columns 12 in one frame 11 and the columns 12 in another frame 11 are in surface contact. In a preferred embodiment, as... Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the column 12 is a prism. In any two adjacent layers of the frame 11, the column 12 in one layer of the frame 11 is in surface contact with the column 12 in the other layer of the frame 11. This surface contact between the prisms 12 significantly increases the contact area, thereby improving the connection strength and stability between adjacent layers. This design effectively prevents the column 12 from sliding or tilting under stress, improving the rigidity and durability of the overall structure. Surface contact better disperses the stress applied to the support, avoiding stress concentration points, thus improving the mechanical properties and fatigue resistance of the support.

[0061] In other embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the column 12 is a prism 12. In any two adjacent layers of the frame 11, the column 12 in one layer of the frame 11 is in line contact with the column 12 in the other layer of the frame 11. This line contact between the prisms 12 reduces the contact area, thereby increasing the flexibility of the structure. This design allows the column 12 to have a certain degree of movement and deformation under stress, which helps to absorb and disperse impact forces and improve the impact resistance of the scaffold. The line contact design allows the scaffold to better adapt to defect areas of different shapes and sizes, expanding its application range in complex anatomical structures. Line contact can increase the porosity inside the scaffold, providing more open space, which is beneficial for cell migration and tissue regeneration. The porous network formed by line contact can promote the transport of nutrients and the removal of metabolic waste, supporting the long-term survival and function of cells.

[0062] In some embodiments, the pore size of pore 100 is 100 μm to 300 μm. In a preferred embodiment, the pore size of pore 100 is 200 μm. This is because pores 100 with a pore size of 100 μm to 300 μm can provide high porosity, which is beneficial for cell migration and tissue regeneration. Pores 100 within this pore size range provide sufficient space without being too sparse, thus affecting the mechanical properties of the scaffold.

[0063] In some embodiments, the porosity of the scaffold body 10 is 70%–90%. In a preferred embodiment, the porosity of the reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold is 80%. A porosity of 70%–90% provides ample pore space, which is beneficial for cell migration and tissue regeneration. This porosity range ensures sufficient pore space without making the scaffold structure overly fragile. In application, a porosity of 70%–90% means that there are a large number of open spaces within the scaffold, which can provide sufficient space for cell growth and migration. The high-porosity three-dimensional structure helps cells form a three-dimensional network within the scaffold, more closely resembling the structure of natural tissue, which is beneficial for cell differentiation and functional expression. The large pores within the high-porosity scaffold facilitate the permeation of nutrients and the removal of metabolic waste, which is crucial for maintaining long-term cell survival and function. Uniformly distributed pores help ensure that cells throughout the scaffold receive sufficient nutrients and oxygen, avoiding local ischemia or hypoxia. The high-porosity scaffold provides more surface area, which is beneficial for drug adsorption and release. High porosity can accelerate drug diffusion and delivery when drugs need to be released under specific conditions (such as elevated reactive oxygen species levels). By adjusting the size and shape of the pores, controlled drug release can be achieved, improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects. High-porosity scaffolds can integrate better with host tissues, reducing immune rejection and improving biocompatibility. High porosity facilitates the rapid removal of degradation products, preventing toxic reactions caused by local accumulation, and also promotes the ingrowth and replacement of new tissue. High-porosity scaffolds typically have good flexibility, and their mechanical properties can be adjusted as needed, making them suitable for tissue repair in different locations.

[0064] Furthermore, the column is an elastic column, which further enhances the stent's flexibility. The elastic column gives the entire stent better flexibility and deformability, allowing it to maintain structural integrity under different mechanical conditions. This is particularly important for applications that need to withstand mechanical stress (such as cardiovascular stents and soft tissue repair). The elastic column can quickly return to its original shape after being subjected to external forces, avoiding permanent deformation and extending the stent's lifespan.

[0065] In some embodiments, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive scaffold is shaped as a cylinder, prism, elliptical cylinder, sphere, or ellipsoid. In a preferred embodiment, the entire ROS responsive scaffold is square-prism shaped. In one embodiment, the ROS responsive scaffold has a length of 10 mm ± 1 mm, a width of 10 mm ± 1 mm, and a height of 1.5 mm ± 0.1 mm.

[0066] In some embodiments, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsive scaffold is a 3D-printed monolithic structure. This monolithic structure ensures the scaffold's integrity and uniformity, avoiding seams and connection points found in traditional manufacturing methods and reducing potential mechanical weaknesses. 3D printing technology allows for precise control of the size and shape of each component, ensuring structural consistency and improving manufacturing accuracy. Furthermore, 3D printing technology facilitates personalized designs, allowing scaffolds to be customized to the patient's specific needs and anatomical structure, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.

[0067] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0068] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold, characterized in that, include: The support body includes multiple layers of frames stacked together. Each layer of the frame includes multiple parallel and spaced columns. In any two adjacent layers of the frame, the columns in one layer of the frame and the columns in the other layer of the frame are arranged to intersect at a preset angle, and the multiple columns form interconnected gaps. Active nanoparticles are embedded in the column.

2. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In any two-layered frame, the columns in one layer of the frame are arranged parallel to each other or stacked at a preset angle with the columns in the other layer of the frame.

3. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The preset angle is 30° to 90°.

4. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the column in each layer of the frame gradually decreases from the middle of the frame towards both sides; Alternatively, each of the aforementioned columns may have the same length.

5. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In any two adjacent frames, the columns in one frame and the columns in the other frame are in surface contact.

6. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The column is a prism, and in any two adjacent layers of the frame, the column in one layer of the frame and the column in the other layer of the frame are in line contact.

7. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pore size is 100μm to 300μm; And / or, the porosity of the support body is 70% to 90%.

8. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold has a length of 10mm ± 1mm, a width of 10mm ± 1mm, and a height of 1.5mm ± 0.1mm. And / or, the distance between two adjacent columns in the same layer of the frame is 0.2mm ± 0.02mm.

9. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support body is generally cylindrical, prismatic, elliptical cylindrical, spherical, or ellipsoidal.

10. The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The reactive oxygen species responsive scaffold is a 3D printed one-piece structure.

Images