Air blowing specific gravity screening machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a blowing specific gravity screening machine which comprises a machine frame, a material conveying device, a blowing screening device, a specific gravity screening device, a power device and a circulating winnowing device. The blowing screening device is additionally arranged in front of the specific gravity screening device, most small particles in materials are effectively removed before the materials enter the specific gravity screening device, the particles in the materials on a heavy table board are greatly reduced, partial load of the specific gravity screening device is reduced, and the specific gravity screening effect is enhanced; meanwhile, the impurity suction mechanism is designed below the specific gravity screening device, the phenomenon that light impurities on the air suction vibrating screen plate block screen holes is reduced through the layout design, and the separation effect is improved; through the arrangement of the suction fan, the purification and environmental protection effects are achieved; the circulating winnowing device can separate particles cleaned by the specific gravity screening device again, aluminum particles and impurities which are not completely separated are separated for the second time, and a very high fine selection and separation effect can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery recycling, and in particular to a blower gravity screening machine. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloys as positive and negative electrode materials and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. A traditional lithium-ion battery consists of five main parts: positive electrode material, negative electrode material, electrolyte, diaphragm, and casing. Because lithium-ion batteries contain many harmful substances that can pollute the environment, they need to be recycled after degradation. The recycling process begins by crushing large components such as the battery casing and metal terminals into smaller fragments. These fragments are then further pulverized using a crusher into fine black particles that can be sucked up by a negative pressure fan. These black particles are a mixture of copper, aluminum, and other materials that make up the positive electrode material. For recycling, the black powder needs to be further sieved to separate recyclable metals such as copper and aluminum.

[0003] Currently, most material screening machines on the market involve materials falling directly into a gravity screening device after air separation. During the screening process, the material enters the gravity screen after air separation, and then proceeds to the grading screen. The material after air separation still contains a large number of small and broken particles, which can cause screen blockage or allow particles to leak through, affecting the screening results. Simultaneously, some small particles are discharged with the lighter impurities from the lighter impurity outlet, resulting in mixing with the impurities. Some slightly larger particles remain in the middle of the gravity screen, affecting the gravity screening effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a blower gravity screening machine.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model discloses a blower gravity screening machine, comprising a frame, a conveying device fixed to the top of the frame, a blower screening device connected to the discharge end of the conveying device, a gravity screening device disposed below the blower screening device, a power device fixed to one side of the frame, and a circulating air separation device connected to the gravity screening device; a feed hopper is provided at the feed inlet of the conveying device; a first discharge outlet is provided on one side of the blower screening device; a second discharge outlet is provided on one side of the gravity screening device; a circulating screening outlet is provided on the other side of the gravity screening device; and an impurity suction mechanism is provided at the bottom of the gravity screening device.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the power unit includes a drive motor fixed to the frame, the output end of the drive motor is connected to a main pulley, one end of the blowing screening device is connected to a first pulley, one end of the impurity suction mechanism is connected to a second pulley, one end of the material conveying device is connected to a third pulley, one end of the gravity screening device is connected to a fourth pulley, the main pulley is connected to the first pulley and the second pulley respectively via belts, the first pulley is connected to the third pulley via belts, and the second pulley is connected to the fourth pulley via belts.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the material conveying device includes a feeding roller rotatably connected to the frame and a distributing plate fixed to the frame. The distributing plate is semi-circular, and a plurality of distributing rods are evenly distributed on the distributing plate. The distributing rods are used to block the material and make the material spread evenly. The upper surface of the distributing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the feeding hopper. One end of the feeding roller is fixedly connected to the third pulley for driving the feeding roller to rotate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the air-blowing screening device includes an air-classifying fan fixed in the middle of the frame. The air-classifying fan is horizontally arranged, and a first discharge pipe is provided relative to the outlet of the air-classifying fan. The end of the first discharge pipe is connected to the first discharge port. The first discharge pipe is fixed in the middle of the frame by bolts. The rotating shaft of the air-classifying fan is fixedly connected to the first pulley.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the specific gravity screening device includes a suction vibrating screen plate, a screen plate connecting rod rotatably connected to the bottom of the suction vibrating screen plate, and an eccentric rod rotatably connected to one end of the screen plate connecting rod. The two sides of the suction vibrating screen plate are connected to the inner side wall of the frame by a movable connecting rod. An eccentric cam is provided in the middle of the eccentric rod. The eccentric cam is hinged to the screen plate connecting rod. One end of the eccentric rod is keyed to the fourth pulley for driving the eccentric rod to rotate. The eccentric rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame through two bearing seats.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the circulating air separation device includes a circulating fan fixed on the frame, a circulating pipe connected to the end of the circulating fan, a circulating feed hopper connected to the upper surface of the circulating pipe, the circulating feed hopper being located directly below the circulating screening outlet, a circulating fan outlet being provided at the top of the circulating pipe, a secondary feed hopper being provided below the circulating fan outlet, a circulating roller being housed inside the secondary feed hopper, a circulating distribution plate being fixedly connected below the secondary feed hopper, a plurality of circulating distribution rods being evenly distributed on the circulating distribution plate, and one end of the circulating roller being connected to the roller via a chain.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the impurity suction mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the frame. The impurity suction mechanism includes a suction hopper and a suction fan. The rotating shaft of the suction fan is fixedly connected to the second pulley. The bottom of the suction hopper is provided with an impurity discharge port, and the top of the suction hopper is provided with a suction port. The suction port is located directly below the suction vibrating screen plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. By adding a blowing screen device before the gravity screening device, most of the small particles in the material are effectively removed before it enters the gravity screening device. The number of small particles in the material falling into the suction vibrating screen plate is greatly reduced, which reduces part of the load on the gravity screening device and enhances the gravity screening effect. At the same time, an impurity suction mechanism is designed below the gravity screening device. This layout design reduces the clogging of the screen holes by light impurities on the suction vibrating screen plate and improves the separation effect. In addition, the suction fan sucks up the floating debris blown by the blowing screen device, which further plays a role in purification and environmental protection.

[0015] 2. The circulating air classifier can further separate the particles that have been cleaned by the gravity screening device, and perform secondary separation of the incompletely separated aluminum particles and impurities. These separated aluminum particles and impurities can be returned to the circulating air classifier and screened again by the blowing screen device, which can achieve a very high fine separation effect.

[0016] 3. By combining the drive motor and pulley design, the blowing screening device and the gravity screening device are driven synchronously, reducing the number of power devices, thereby saving the electrical energy required during operation and reducing production and usage costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the front view of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the right view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Conveying device; 2. Air-blowing screening device; 3. Gravity screening device; 4. Power unit; 5. Circulating air-separating device; 6. Frame; 7. Feed hopper; 8. First discharge port; 9. Second discharge port; 10. Impurity suction mechanism; 11. Feed roller; 12. Dividing plate; 13. Dividing rod; 21. Air-separating fan; 22. First discharge pipe; 31. Suction vibrating screen plate; 32. Screen plate connecting rod; 33. Eccentric rod; 34. Movable connecting rod; 35. Eccentric... 41. Drive motor; 42. Main pulley; 43. First pulley; 44. Second pulley; 45. Third pulley; 46. Fourth pulley; 51. Circulating fan; 52. Circulating pipe; 53. Circulating feed hopper; 54. Circulating fan outlet; 55. Secondary feed hopper; 56. Circulating roller; 57. Circulating distribution plate; 58. Circulating distribution rod; 101. Impurity suction hopper; 102. Suction fan; 103. Impurity discharge outlet; 104. Impurity suction port. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] In the attached diagram, all identical reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0025] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a blower gravity screening machine, including a frame 6, a conveying device 1 fixed to the top of the frame 6, a blower screening device 2 connected to the discharge end of the conveying device 1, a gravity screening device 3 disposed below the blower screening device 2, a power device 4 fixed to one side of the frame 6, and a circulating air separation device 5 connected to the gravity screening device 3; a feed hopper 7 is provided on the feed inlet of the conveying device 1, a first discharge port 8 is provided on one side of the blower screening device 2, a second discharge port 9 is provided on one side of the gravity screening device 3, a circulating screening outlet is provided on the other side of the gravity screening device 3, and an impurity suction mechanism 10 is provided at the bottom of the gravity screening device 3.

[0026] In this embodiment, the mixed recycled lithium battery material is air-separated by the blowing and screening device 2, and then by the gravity separation device 3. The incompletely separated material is returned to the blowing and screening device 2 by the circulating air separation device 5 for secondary circulating screening. Lighter aluminum particles are separated from the first discharge port 8, while heavier copper particles are screened out from the second discharge port 9. The remaining impurities are absorbed by the impurity suction mechanism 10 and discharged from the impurity discharge port 103, thereby achieving a very high level of fine separation.

[0027] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0028] 1. When the screening machine is in operation, mixed black powder particles containing copper, aluminum, etc. are poured from the feed hopper 7 onto the feed roller 11. After being rotated and agitated by the feed roller 11, they are dispersed at various angles and then fall onto the distribution plate 12 under the action of gravity. After colliding with the distribution rod 13, they are further dispersed evenly. They then continue to fall and reach the same height as the outlet of the air classifier 21. The air classifier 21 continuously generates positive pressure, blowing the lighter aluminum particles into the first discharge pipe 22 and then discharging them from the first discharge port 8, thus realizing the recovery of aluminum particles.

[0029] 2. After the initial air separation, the copper particles fall onto the suction vibrating screen plate 31. The drive motor 31 drives the eccentric rod 33 to continuously drive the suction vibrating screen plate 31 to vibrate back and forth. The copper particles and residual aluminum particles are further screened under the action of vibration. The heavier copper particles are discharged uniformly from the second discharge port 9, while the lighter residual aluminum particles and impurities fall into the circulating feed hopper 53 from the circulating screening outlet. At the same time, the suction fan 102 continuously generates negative pressure, causing impurities and dust to enter the suction hopper 101 at the bottom of the frame, thereby avoiding clogging of the screen holes.

[0030] 3. Residual aluminum particles and impurities entering the circulating feed hopper 53 are blown along the circulating pipe 52 to the circulating fan outlet 54 under the positive pressure generated by the circulating fan 51, falling into the secondary feed hopper 55. There, they are agitated by the circulating drum 56 and dispersed, falling onto the circulating distribution plate 57. Further impacted by the circulating distribution rod 58, they are evenly dispersed and then fall into the air classifier 21 for secondary air classification. Repeating steps 1-2 achieves material recycling and screening, improving screening quality.

[0031] For further details, please refer to Figure 2The power unit 4 includes a drive motor 41 fixed on the frame 6. The output end of the drive motor 41 is connected to a main pulley 42. One end of the air blowing screening device 2 is connected to a first pulley 43. One end of the impurity suction mechanism 10 is connected to a second pulley 44. One end of the material conveying device 1 is connected to a third pulley 45. One end of the gravity screening device 3 is connected to a fourth pulley 46. The main pulley 42 is connected to the first pulley 43 and the second pulley 44 by belts. The first pulley 43 is connected to the third pulley 45 by belts. The second pulley 44 is connected to the fourth pulley 46 by belts.

[0032] In this embodiment, the drive motor 41 drives the first pulley 43 and the second pulley 44 to rotate via the main pulley 42, and then drives the third pulley 45 and the fourth pulley 46 to rotate via the first pulley 43 and the second pulley 44 respectively, thereby greatly simplifying the design mechanism, saving the number of power devices, and saving the electrical energy required during operation.

[0033] Furthermore, the material conveying device 1 includes a feeding roller 11 rotatably connected to the frame 6 and a material distribution plate 12 fixed on the frame 6. The material distribution plate 12 is semi-circular, and a plurality of material distribution rods 13 are evenly distributed on the material distribution plate 12. The material distribution rods 13 are used to block the material and make the material evenly dispersed. The upper surface of the material distribution plate 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the feed hopper 7. One end of the feeding roller 11 is fixedly connected to the third pulley 45 for driving the feeding roller 11 to rotate.

[0034] Furthermore, the air-blowing screening device 2 includes an air-classifying fan 21 fixed in the middle of the frame 6. The air-classifying fan 21 is horizontally arranged, and a first discharge pipe 22 is provided relative to the outlet of the air-classifying fan 21. The end of the first discharge pipe 22 is connected to the first discharge port 8. The first discharge pipe 22 is fixed in the middle of the frame 6 by bolts. The rotating shaft of the air-classifying fan 21 is fixedly connected to the first pulley 43.

[0035] In this embodiment, the air classifier 21 is set horizontally to perform horizontal sorting of the mixed material falling from the conveying device 1. The lighter aluminum particles separated by air enter the first discharge port 8 along the first discharge pipe 22, thereby realizing the screening of aluminum particles.

[0036] Furthermore, the gravity screening device 3 includes a suction vibrating screen plate 31, a screen plate connecting rod 32 rotatably connected to the bottom of the suction vibrating screen plate 31, and an eccentric rod 33 rotatably connected to one end of the screen plate connecting rod 32. The two sides of the suction vibrating screen plate 31 are connected to the inner wall of the frame 6 through movable connecting rods 34. An eccentric cam 35 is provided in the middle of the eccentric rod 33. The eccentric cam 35 is hinged to the screen plate connecting rod 32. One end of the eccentric rod 33 is keyed to the fourth pulley 46 for driving the eccentric rod 33 to rotate. The two ends of the eccentric rod 33 are rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame 6 through two bearing seats.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fourth pulley 46 drives the eccentric rod 33 to rotate, thereby driving the eccentric cam 35 to perform eccentric motion. The eccentric cam 35 drives the bottom of the suction vibrating screen plate 31 at the other end to move up and down through the screen plate connecting rod 32. The two sides of the other end of the suction vibrating screen plate 31 rotate around the movable connecting rod 34, thereby realizing the continuous periodic vibration of the suction vibrating screen plate 31 up and down, driving the mixed material above it to be screened and separated according to weight.

[0038] For further details, please refer to Figures 3-4 The circulating air separation device 5 includes a circulating fan 51 fixed on the frame 6. The end of the circulating fan 51 is connected to a circulating pipe 52. A circulating feed hopper 53 is connected to the upper surface of the circulating pipe 52. The circulating feed hopper 53 is located directly below the circulating screening outlet. A circulating fan outlet 54 is provided at the top of the circulating pipe 52. A secondary feed hopper 55 is provided below the circulating fan outlet 54. A circulating roller 56 is housed inside the secondary feed hopper 55. A circulating distribution plate 57 is fixedly connected below the secondary feed hopper 55. Several circulating distribution rods 58 are evenly distributed on the circulating distribution plate 57. One end of the circulating roller 56 is connected to the roller 11 by a chain for driving the circulating roller 56 to rotate.

[0039] In this embodiment, one end of the circulating drum 56 is connected to the drum 11 via a chain. When the drum 11 rotates under the drive of the belt, it drives the circulating drum 56 to rotate, thereby agitating the residual aluminum particles and impurities. The residual aluminum particles and impurities entering the circulating feed hopper 53 are blown into the circulating fan outlet 54 by the positive pressure generated by the circulating fan 51 along the circulating pipe 52 and fall into the secondary feed hopper 55. After being agitated by the circulating drum 56, they impact the circulating distribution bar 58 and disperse, falling evenly into the air classifier 21 below for secondary air classification.

[0040] For further details, please refer to Figure 4 The two sides of the impurity suction mechanism 10 are fixed to the bottom of the frame 6 by a fixed bracket. The impurity suction mechanism 10 includes a suction hopper 101 and a suction fan 102. The end of the rotating shaft of the suction fan 102 is connected to the second pulley 44 by a key. The bottom of the suction hopper 101 is provided with an impurity discharge port 103, and the top of the suction hopper 101 is provided with a suction port 104. The suction port 104 is located directly below the suction vibrating screen plate 31.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the second pulley 44 rotates, it drives the shaft of the suction fan 102 to rotate the blades. The suction fan 102 continuously generates negative pressure, which sucks the impurities and debris on the suction vibrating screen plate 31 into the suction hopper 101, and then discharges them uniformly from the impurity discharge port 103, thereby avoiding the clogging of the screen by impurities and debris and improving the service life of the screen.

[0042] This invention relates to a blower-type gravity screening machine. The addition of a blower-type screening device before the gravity screening unit reduces the load on the gravity screening unit and enhances the gravity screening effect. Furthermore, the inclusion of a circulating air separation device enables secondary cyclic screening of particles, achieving a very high level of fine separation.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A blower gravity screening machine, characterized in that, The device includes a frame (6), a conveying device (1) fixed to the top of the frame (6), a blowing screening device (2) connected to the discharge end of the conveying device (1), a specific gravity screening device (3) located below the blowing screening device (2), a power device (4) fixed to one side of the frame (6), and a circulating air separation device (5) connected to the specific gravity screening device (3); a feed hopper (7) is provided at the feed inlet of the conveying device (1); a first discharge port (8) is provided on one side of the blowing screening device (2); a second discharge port (9) is provided on one side of the specific gravity screening device (3), and a circulating screening outlet is provided on the other side of the specific gravity screening device (3); and an impurity suction mechanism (10) is provided at the bottom of the specific gravity screening device (3).

2. The air-blowing gravity screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power unit (4) includes a drive motor (41) fixed on the frame (6). The output end of the drive motor (41) is connected to a main pulley (42). One end of the blowing screening device (2) is connected to a first pulley (43). One end of the impurity suction mechanism (10) is connected to a second pulley (44). One end of the material conveying device (1) is connected to a third pulley (45). One end of the specific gravity screening device (3) is connected to a fourth pulley (46). The main pulley (42) is connected to the first pulley (43) and the second pulley (44) respectively by belts. The first pulley (43) is connected to the third pulley (45) by belts. The second pulley (44) is connected to the fourth pulley (46) by belts.

3. The air-blowing gravity screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feeding device (1) includes a feeding roller (11) rotatably connected to the frame (6) and a distribution plate (12) fixed on the frame (6). The distribution plate (12) is semi-circular and has a plurality of distribution rods (13) evenly distributed on it. The distribution rods (13) are used to block the material and spread it evenly. The upper surface of the distribution plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the feed hopper (7). One end of the feeding roller (11) is fixedly connected to the third pulley (45) to drive the feeding roller (11) to rotate.

4. The air-blowing gravity screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air-blowing screening device (2) includes an air-separating fan (21) fixed in the middle of the frame (6). The air-separating fan (21) is horizontally arranged, and a first discharge pipe (22) is provided relative to the outlet of the air-separating fan (21). The end of the first discharge pipe (22) is connected to the first discharge port (8). The first discharge pipe (22) is fixed in the middle of the frame (6) by bolts. The rotating shaft of the air-separating fan (21) is fixedly connected to the first pulley (43).

5. The air-blowing gravity screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific gravity screening device (3) includes a suction vibrating screen plate (31), a screen plate connecting rod (32) rotatably connected to the bottom of the suction vibrating screen plate (31), and an eccentric rod (33) rotatably connected to one end of the screen plate connecting rod (32). The two sides of the suction vibrating screen plate (31) are connected to the inner side wall of the frame (6) by a movable connecting rod (34). An eccentric cam (35) is provided in the middle of the eccentric rod (33). The eccentric cam (35) is hinged to the screen plate connecting rod (32). One end of the eccentric rod (33) is keyed to the fourth pulley (46) for driving the eccentric rod (33) to rotate. The eccentric rod (33) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the frame (6) through two bearing seats.

6. The air-blowing gravity screening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circulating air separation device (5) includes a circulating fan (51) fixed on the frame (6). The end of the circulating fan (51) is connected to a circulating pipe (52). The upper surface of the circulating pipe (52) is connected to a circulating feed hopper (53). The circulating feed hopper (53) is located directly below the circulating screening outlet. The top of the circulating pipe (52) is provided with a circulating fan outlet (54). Below the circulating fan outlet (54) is provided a secondary feed hopper (55). The inner side of the secondary feed hopper (55) is provided with a circulating roller (56). A circulating distribution plate (57) is fixedly connected below the secondary feed hopper (55). Several circulating distribution rods (58) are evenly distributed on the circulating distribution plate (57). One end of the circulating roller (56) is connected to the roller (11) by a chain.

7. A blower gravity screening machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The impurity suction mechanism (10) is fixed to the bottom of the frame (6). The impurity suction mechanism (10) includes a suction hopper (101) and a suction fan (102). The rotating shaft of the suction fan (102) is fixedly connected to the second pulley (44). The bottom of the suction hopper (101) is provided with an impurity discharge port (103), and the top of the suction hopper (101) is provided with a suction port (104). The suction port (104) is located directly below the suction vibrating screen plate (31).

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