Positioning device for aluminum alloy workpiece machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locating device for aluminum alloy workpiece machining, and relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy workpiece machining, the locating device comprises a bottom plate and a floating plate, the middle end of the top of the bottom plate is provided with a reserved groove, iron plates are evenly embedded and installed at the bottom of an inner cavity of the reserved groove, balls are placed at the tops of the iron plates, and locking mechanisms are arranged on the outer sides of the balls. The locking mechanism comprises a fixing ring, four sleeves distributed at equal angles are arranged on the inner side of the fixing ring, a plurality of grooves distributed at equal intervals are formed in the upper end and the lower end of an inner cavity of each sleeve, and a movable plate is movably connected to the outer side of the inner cavity of each sleeve through a spring. According to the utility model, seamless switching between rapid and accurate fine adjustment and rigid locking is realized, the viscosity change of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled through the power-on and power-off of the electromagnet, so that the intelligent control of the state of the floating plate is realized, the floating plate can be flexibly and finely adjusted through the ball support during the power-off, and the magnetorheological fluid is instantly solidified after the power-on; and the balls are fixed through the locking mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aluminum alloy workpiece processing technology, specifically a positioning device for aluminum alloy workpiece processing. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of aluminum alloy workpieces, such as milling and drilling, accurate positioning and reliable clamping are the primary conditions for ensuring machining accuracy. Currently, common positioning methods often use fixed positioning blocks and pins in conjunction with pressure plates or vises for clamping. Although this solution is simple in structure, it is particularly cumbersome for some irregularly shaped aluminum alloy workpieces or those requiring fine-tuning of angles, especially when the workpiece is heavy. If it is tilted after placement, it is difficult to lift and adjust it again. The positioning process is particularly cumbersome. The operator needs to manually bring the workpiece's reference edge roughly close to the positioning block, then tap the workpiece lightly for fine-tuning to ensure that the workpiece is completely in contact with the positioning reference before clamping. This process is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also depends on the operator's experience and feel, making it difficult to guarantee positioning accuracy and consistency. Especially in batch processing, even small deviations in each clamping can cause cumulative errors and affect product quality. Therefore, we propose a positioning device for aluminum alloy workpiece machining. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning device for machining aluminum alloy workpieces, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a positioning device for processing aluminum alloy workpieces, comprising a base plate and a floating plate. A reserved groove is provided at the middle of the top of the base plate. An iron plate is uniformly embedded in the bottom of the cavity of the reserved groove, and a ball bearing is placed on the top of the iron plate. A locking mechanism is provided on the outside of the ball bearing, and the locking mechanism includes a fixed ring. Four sleeves are provided on the inner side of the fixed ring at equal angles. Multiple grooves are provided at equal intervals at both the upper and lower ends of the inner cavity of the sleeves. A movable plate is movably connected to the outer side of the inner cavity of the sleeves through a spring. Magnetorheological fluid is filled in the sleeves and between the push plate and the movable plate. A movable rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the inner cavity of the sleeves. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable rod, and a push plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable rod. An electromagnet corresponding to the iron plate is embedded at the bottom of the floating plate, and the electromagnet has a ring structure.

[0005] Preferably, the iron plate has a ball bearing groove at the ball bearing placement area, the iron plate has a circular structure, the axis of the middle iron plate coincides with the axis of the reserved groove, and the other four iron plates are distributed at equal angles around the middle iron plate.

[0006] Preferably, the push plate and the moving plate are sealed to the sleeve, and the inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve is symmetrically fixedly connected to the limiting blocks, with the outer side of the limiting blocks contacting the inner side of the moving plate.

[0007] Preferably, a first reference plate is fixedly connected to the left end of the top of the base plate, and hydraulic rods are fixedly connected to the front end and the right end of the top of the base plate. An adjustment plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod, and a second reference plate is fixedly connected to the rear end of the top of the floating plate, with the left side of the second reference plate contacting the right side of the first reference plate.

[0008] Preferably, both the upper and lower ends of the sleeve are fixedly connected to limit rods, a limit groove is provided at the connection between the fixing ring and the limit rod, and a reserved opening is provided at the connection between the fixing ring and the sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the floating plate and the inner side of the electromagnet are provided with an arc-shaped groove, the top of the ball is rotatably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped groove, and the top of the fixing ring is in contact with the bottom of the floating plate.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0011] This invention achieves a seamless switching between rapid and precise fine-tuning and rigid locking: by controlling the viscosity change of the magnetorheological fluid through the on and off states of the electromagnet, intelligent control of the floating plate's state is realized. When the power is off, the ball bearings support the floating plate, allowing for flexible fine-tuning. When the power is on, the magnetorheological fluid solidifies instantly, and the ball bearings are fixed by the locking mechanism, thereby limiting the position of the floating plate and the workpiece. This enables the workpiece to be positioned through fine-tuning and fixed through the locking mechanism.

[0012] Compact structure and high reliability: The locking mechanism seals the magnetorheological fluid in the sleeve and controls the movement through a magnetic field rather than complex mechanical movements. It has low wear and long service life. The entire device has an ingenious structural design that integrates floating, guiding and locking functions into a compact unit. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the floating plate of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: Base plate 1, First reference plate 2, Adjustment plate 3, Floating plate 4, Hydraulic rod 5, Electromagnet 6, Locking mechanism 7, Fixed ring 71, Reserved opening 72, Limiting groove 73, Movable rod 74, Limiting rod 75, Push plate 76, Spring 77, Moving plate 78, Limiting plate 79, Ball movement groove 710, Groove 711, Sleeve 712, Limiting block 713, Iron plate 8, Reserved groove 9, Ball 10, Second reference plate 11, Arc groove 12. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-4 A positioning device for machining aluminum alloy workpieces includes a base plate 1 and a floating plate 4. A pre-reserved groove 9 is formed at the center of the top of the base plate 1. An iron plate 8 is evenly embedded in the bottom of the cavity of the pre-reserved groove 9, and a ball bearing 10 is placed on top of the iron plate 8. A locking mechanism 7 is provided on the outer side of the ball bearing 10. The locking mechanism 7 includes a fixing ring 71, and four sleeves 712 distributed at equal angles are provided on the inner side of the fixing ring 71. Multiple equally spaced... The outer side of the inner cavity of the groove 711 and the sleeve 712 is movably connected to the movable plate 78 by the spring 77. The sleeve 712 is filled with magnetorheological fluid between the push plate 76 and the movable plate 78. The inner side of the inner cavity of the sleeve 712 is slidably connected to the movable rod 74. The inner side of the movable rod 74 is fixedly connected to the limit plate 79, and the outer side of the movable rod 74 is fixedly connected to the push plate 76. The bottom of the floating plate 4 is embedded with an electromagnet 6 corresponding to the iron plate 8, and the electromagnet 6 has a ring structure.

[0020] The base plate 1 is installed on the corresponding machine tool. After the workpiece is placed and its positioning is adjusted and fixed, subsequent processing work is carried out.

[0021] The fixing ring 71 can provide auxiliary support for the floating plate 4 and improve the stability of the floating plate 4.

[0022] The inner wall of the limiting plate 79 is attached to the outer surface of the ball 10.

[0023] The magnetic field formed by the electromagnet 6 and the iron plate 8 can solidify the magnetorheological fluid. Part of the magnetorheological fluid located between the push plate 76 and the moving plate 78 will be located in the groove 711. After the magnetic field is provided, the magnetorheological fluid solidifies. The solidified magnetorheological fluid located in the groove 711 will limit its position, thereby fixing the position of the movable rod 74 and the limiting plate 79, and fixing the position of the ball 10, so that the floating plate 4 is in a fixed state, thereby fixing the position of the workpiece.

[0024] The diameter of the floating plate 4 is smaller than the diameter of the reserved groove 9, allowing the floating plate 4 to move within the reserved groove 9, thereby moving the workpiece to a position where it fits against the two reference plates, so that subsequent processing steps can be carried out.

[0025] The locking mechanism 7 and the iron plate 8 are in one-to-one correspondence. Regarding the number of locking mechanisms 7, it is necessary to ensure that one is set in the middle of the reserved slot 9 and at least three are set in the outer ring to ensure that a stable supporting force can be provided for the floating plate 4. The attached figure shows a device diagram with a total of five locking mechanisms 7.

[0026] The iron plate 8 has a ball bearing groove 710 where the ball bearing 10 is placed. The iron plate 8 has a circular structure. The axis of the iron plate 8 in the middle coincides with the axis of the reserved groove 9. The other four iron plates 8 are distributed at equal angles around the middle iron plate 8.

[0027] The push plate 76 and the moving plate 78 are all sealed to the sleeve 712. The inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve 712 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the limiting block 713, and the outer side of the limiting block 713 is in contact with the inner side of the moving plate 78.

[0028] The spring 77 is always in a compressed state. The limiting block 713 can restrict the position of the moving plate 78 and prevent the moving plate 78 from moving to the groove 711 under the elastic force of the spring 77. At the same time, the spring 77 in a compressed state can provide sufficient force for the return of the ball 10.

[0029] Since the movable plate 78 constantly pushes the magnetorheological fluid inward, the push plate 76 will never move to the groove 711, thus achieving the purpose of sealing the magnetorheological fluid. There are set requirements for the size of the sleeve 712, which requires that neither the push plate 76 nor the movable plate 78 will move to the groove 711 during the movement process, thereby preventing the magnetorheological fluid from leaking from the groove 711 and ensuring the sealing of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0030] A first reference plate 2 is fixedly connected to the left end of the top of the base plate 1. A hydraulic rod 5 is fixedly connected to the front end of the top of the base plate 1 and the right end of the top of the base plate 1. An adjustment plate 3 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic rod 5. A second reference plate 11 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the top of the floating plate 4, and the left side of the second reference plate 11 is in contact with the right side of the first reference plate 2.

[0031] The two hydraulic rods 5 are controlled independently, which makes it easy to push the workpiece to contact the surface of the first reference plate 2 and the second reference plate 11 by controlling their respective adjustment plates 3, and the floating plate 4 can be moved during the process of pushing the workpiece.

[0032] The second reference plate 11 can also be mounted on a hydraulic cylinder, with the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the rear end of the top of the base plate 1, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the position of the second reference plate.

[0033] Limiting rods 75 are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the sleeve 712. A limiting groove 73 is provided at the connection between the fixing ring 71 and the limiting rod 75, and a reserved opening 72 is provided at the connection between the fixing ring 71 and the sleeve 712.

[0034] An arc-shaped groove 12 is provided at the bottom of the floating plate 4 and inside the electromagnet 6. The diameter of the arc-shaped groove 12 is the same as the diameter of the ball 10. The top of the ball 10 is rolled and connected to the inside of the arc-shaped groove 12, and the top of the fixing ring 71 is in contact with the bottom of the floating plate 4.

[0035] Once the ball bearing 10 is fixed, the floating plate 4 can be prevented from continuing to move on the ball bearing 10 with the cooperation of the arc groove 12.

[0036] With the cooperation of the ball movement groove 710, the ball 10 can move freely in this area.

[0037] Since the ball bearing 10 can roll in any direction, it provides a horizontal and vertical component force to each limiting plate 79. The vertical component force will push the push plate 76 to move, and the horizontal component force will drive the sleeve 712 to move horizontally. The limiting groove 73 and the limiting rod 75 are designed here. Through the cooperation of the two, the horizontal movement of the sleeve 712 is limited, while the vertical component force will ultimately only affect the flow of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0038] After adjustment, turn on the electromagnet 6. Under the action of the iron plate 8, a magnetic field is generated, which causes the magnetorheological fluid inside the fixed ring 71 to become solid. With the cooperation of the groove 711, the solid magnetorheological fluid will not move along the inner wall of the fixed ring 71, so that the position between the moving plate 78 and the push plate 76 is relatively fixed. With the cooperation of the movable rod 74, the four limiting plates 79 limit the ball 10 at this point.

[0039] The operational steps for this application are as follows:

[0040] A. Using the first reference plate 2 and the second reference plate 11 as reference surfaces, place the aluminum alloy workpiece on top of the floating plate 4, and then control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rods 5 at the right end and the front end. Through their respective adjustment plates 3, push the workpiece to contact the surfaces of the first reference plate 2 and the second reference plate 11 to complete the workpiece positioning.

[0041] B. During the workpiece positioning process, the movement of the ball 10 pushes the limiting plate 79 and drives the sleeve 712 to move along the limiting groove 73. The movement of the limiting plate 79 drives the push plate 76 to move, adjusting the position of the magnetorheological fluid in the sleeve 712. This will push the moving plate 78 to move and compress the spring 77. That is, the position of the sleeve 712 can be adjusted and the position of the magnetorheological fluid can be adjusted as the ball 10 moves.

[0042] C. After the positioning work is completed, the electromagnet 6 is turned on, which works with the iron plate 8 to generate a magnetic field, thereby turning the magnetorheological fluid inside the sleeve 712 into a solid state. With the cooperation of the groove 711, the solid magnetorheological fluid will not move along the inner wall of the fixed ring 71, thus making the position between the moving plate 78 and the push plate 76 relatively fixed. With the cooperation of the movable rod 74, the four limiting plates 79 limit the ball 10 at this point, thereby fixing the floating plate 4 as a whole, and thus fixing the position of the workpiece for subsequent processing.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning device for processing of an aluminum alloy workpiece, comprising a base plate (1) and a floating plate (4), characterized in that: A reserved groove (9) is provided at the middle of the top of the base plate (1). An iron plate (8) is evenly embedded in the bottom of the cavity of the reserved groove (9), and a ball bearing (10) is placed on the top of the iron plate (8). A locking mechanism (7) is provided on the outside of the ball bearing (10), and the locking mechanism (7) includes a fixing ring (71). Four sleeves (712) are provided on the inner side of the fixing ring (71) at equal angles. Multiple grooves (711) are provided at equal intervals at both the upper and lower ends of the cavity of the sleeves (712). A movable plate (78) is movably connected to the outer side of the inner cavity via a spring (77). Magnetorheological fluid is filled inside the sleeve (712) and between the push plate (76) and the movable plate (78). A movable rod (74) is slidably connected to the inner side of the inner cavity of the sleeve (712). A limit plate (79) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable rod (74), and a push plate (76) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the movable rod (74). An electromagnet (6) corresponding to the iron plate (8) is embedded at the bottom of the floating plate (4), and the electromagnet (6) has a ring structure.

2. The positioning device for processing of an aluminum alloy workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron plate (8) has a ball bearing groove (710) where the ball bearing (10) is placed. The iron plate (8) is a circular structure. The axis of the iron plate (8) in the middle coincides with the axis of the reserved groove (9). The other four iron plates (8) are distributed at equal angles around the middle iron plate (8).

3. The positioning device for machining of aluminum alloy workpieces of claim 1, wherein: The push plate (76) and the moving plate (78) are all sealed to the sleeve (712). The inner cavity sidewall of the sleeve (712) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the limiting block (713), and the outer side of the limiting block (713) is in contact with the inner side of the moving plate (78).

4. The positioning device for machining of aluminum alloy workpieces of claim 1, wherein: The first reference plate (2) is fixedly connected to the left end of the top of the base plate (1). The front end of the top of the base plate (1) and the right end of the top of the base plate (1) are both fixedly connected to hydraulic rods (5). The telescopic end of the hydraulic rod (5) is fixedly connected to an adjustment plate (3). The rear end of the top of the floating plate (4) is fixedly connected to a second reference plate (11), and the left side of the second reference plate (11) is in contact with the right side of the first reference plate (2).

5. The positioning device for machining of an aluminum alloy workpiece of claim 1, wherein: The upper and lower ends of the sleeve (712) are fixedly connected to limit rods (75), and a limit groove (73) is opened at the connection between the fixing ring (71) and the limit rod (75), and a reserved opening (72) is opened at the connection between the fixing ring (71) and the sleeve (712).

6. The positioning device for machining of an aluminum alloy workpiece of claim 1, wherein: An arc-shaped groove (12) is provided at the bottom of the floating plate (4) and inside the electromagnet (6). The top of the ball (10) is rolled and connected to the inside of the arc-shaped groove (12), and the top of the fixing ring (71) is in contact with the bottom of the floating plate (4).

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