Heat insulation glass and automobile

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of glass, in particular to heat insulation glass and an automobile, the heat insulation glass comprises a functional layer, the functional layer comprises an infrared regulation and control layer, a heat insulation layer and an optical regulation and control layer, the infrared regulation and control layer can reflect and absorb infrared rays and ultraviolet rays and regulate and control visible light transmittance, the heat insulation layer can achieve heat insulation performance, and the optical regulation and control layer can achieve optical regulation and control. The infrared reflection function is enhanced, the heat insulation effect is further improved, the visible light reflectivity of the heat insulation layer can be reduced through the optical regulation and control layer, and the light transmission performance of visible light is improved. The heat insulation glass provided by the utility model not only can realize a heat insulation function, but also can ensure certain visible light transmittance, and can be particularly suitable for automobiles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of glass technology, specifically to a heat-insulating glass and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing technologies mostly use window film and sunshades to achieve heat insulation and sun protection. However, window film is relatively expensive, while sunshades are inconvenient to use. Especially in the field of new energy vehicles, since the panoramic sunroof is located at the top of the vehicle, sunshades cannot be used to block the sunroof. Furthermore, relying solely on air conditioning to lower the interior temperature will increase the electrical load on the vehicle's battery, thereby reducing the vehicle's driving range.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need to design a type of glass with good heat insulation properties, and in particular, it is desirable for the glass to have both heat insulation properties and low visible light reflectivity, making it especially suitable for new energy vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a heat-insulating glass and a car to improve heat insulation performance.

[0005] This application provides a heat-insulating glass, including a substrate and a functional layer disposed on the substrate, the functional layer comprising,

[0006] An infrared modulation layer is disposed on the substrate;

[0007] A heat insulation layer is disposed on the side of the infrared modulation layer away from the substrate;

[0008] An optical control layer is disposed on the side of the heat insulation layer away from the infrared control layer.

[0009] In some embodiments, the infrared modulation layer includes at least two metal oxide film layers stacked sequentially, and each metal oxide film layer is made of metal oxide with different oxygen content.

[0010] In some embodiments, the optical control layer includes at least two metal oxide layers stacked sequentially.

[0011] Wherein, at least one of the metal oxide layers is made of a polycrystalline metal oxide material, at least one of the metal oxide layers is made of an amorphous metal oxide material; and / or, each of the metal oxide layers is made of a metal oxide material with a different oxygen content.

[0012] In some embodiments, a dielectric layer is further disposed between the infrared modulation layer and the substrate.

[0013] In some embodiments, a composite dielectric layer is further disposed between the infrared modulation layer and the heat insulation layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, the composite dielectric layer is made of one or more of indium tin oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, zinc tin oxide, zinc oxide, and fluorine-doped tin oxide, and the thickness of the composite dielectric layer is 10 to 500 nm.

[0015] In some embodiments, a barrier layer is further provided between the heat insulation layer and the optical control layer.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material of the barrier layer is selected from one or more of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-chromium oxide, nickel-chromium oxynitride, nickel-tungsten alloy, nickel-tungsten oxide, nickel-tungsten oxynitride, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and titanium oxynitride, and the thickness of the barrier layer is 3 to 150 nm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the material of the optical control layer is selected from one or more of tungsten and tungsten oxides, tungsten nitrides, zinc aluminum oxide, zinc tin oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and silicon oxide, and the thickness of the optical control layer is 30 to 850 nm.

[0018] In some embodiments, the three functional layers are stacked sequentially on the substrate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the substrate is a curved substrate, and a barrier layer is further disposed between the heat insulation layer and the optical control layer.

[0020] Accordingly, this application also provides an automobile, including a vehicle body; and the heat-insulating glass provided in any of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the heat-insulating glass is disposed on the vehicle body.

[0021] This application offers the following advantages: It provides a heat-insulating glass and an automobile. The heat-insulating glass includes a functional layer comprising an infrared control layer, a heat-insulating layer, and an optical control layer. The infrared control layer reflects and absorbs infrared and ultraviolet rays and controls visible light transmittance. The heat-insulating layer provides heat insulation performance, enhances infrared reflection, and further improves the heat insulation effect. The optical control layer reduces the visible light reflectance of the heat-insulating layer and improves visible light transmittance. Using the heat-insulating glass provided by this application achieves both heat insulation and a certain level of visible light transmittance, making it particularly suitable for automobiles. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0024] Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0025] Figure 3 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0026] Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0027] Figure 5 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0028] Figure 6 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0029] Figure 7 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0030] Figure 8 An exemplary schematic diagram of another type of heat-insulating glass is shown.

[0031] Figure 9 An exemplary schematic diagram of an optical control layer is shown.

[0032] The component markings in the figure are as follows: 100-substrate, 200-functional layer, 210-infrared control layer, 220-thermal insulation layer, 230-optical control layer, 231-first metal oxide layer, 232-second metal oxide layer, 240-composite dielectric layer, 250-barrier layer, 260-hardening dielectric layer, 300-dielectric layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In this application, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," and "right" generally refer to up, down, left, and right in the actual use or working state of the device, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0035] This application provides a heat-insulating glass and an automobile, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to in the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 An embodiment of this application provides a heat-insulating glass, which includes a substrate 100 and a functional layer 200.

[0037] The substrate 100 can be a planar substrate or a curved substrate, and is typically made of a transparent material. The substrate 100 can be made of materials such as glass, plexiglass, PET, PC, PMMA, or PI, and the example in this embodiment does not impose undue limitations on its composition.

[0038] A functional layer 200 is disposed on the substrate 100 and is used to implement the required functions. Here, the functional layer 200 includes an infrared control layer 210, a heat insulation layer 220, and an optical control layer 230. Exemplarily, the infrared control layer 210, the heat insulation layer 220, and the optical control layer 230 may be stacked sequentially on the substrate 100. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, other structures may also be additionally provided between the substrate 100 and the infrared control layer 210, between the infrared control layer 210 and the heat insulation layer 220, and between the heat insulation layer 220 and the optical control layer 230, and the example in this embodiment does not constitute an undue limitation thereof.

[0039] An infrared modulation layer 210 is disposed on the substrate 100. Here, the infrared modulation layer 210 can be used to reflect and absorb infrared and ultraviolet rays, reduce the penetration of infrared rays, and thus achieve a certain heat insulation effect.

[0040] For example, the material of the infrared control layer 210 may be selected from one or more of the following materials: tungsten and tungsten oxide (W&WOx), tungsten nitride oxide (W&WNOx), palladium (Ba), silver-gold alloy, silver-palladium alloy, vanadium and vanadium oxide (V&VOx), nickel-tungsten and nickel-tungsten oxide (WNi&WNiOx), nickel-tungsten nitride oxide (WNi&WNiNOx), nickel-chromium alloy, iron-chromium alloy, etc.

[0041] It is understood that if the film layer structures in the embodiments of this application are made of multiple materials, it means that the film layer is a multilayer structure, which includes several stacked film layers, each made of the selected material. For example, when the infrared control layer 210 is made of both tungsten oxide and palladium, the infrared control layer 210 includes a film layer made of tungsten oxide and a film layer made of palladium, which are stacked. The same applies when more materials are selected; the stacking order between the film layers made of different materials can be adjusted as needed to achieve the corresponding effect. The examples in this embodiment do not limit this.

[0042] The infrared control layer 210 can reduce infrared transmittance, control visible light transmittance, and block ultraviolet rays, thereby improving the full-spectrum optical control capability of the thin film. It can control the full-spectrum infrared reflectance and absorptivity, while also controlling the visible light transmittance.

[0043] For example, tungsten oxide can be used as the material for preparing the infrared modulation layer 210. Tungsten oxide has the function of blocking infrared and ultraviolet light, and polycrystalline tungsten oxide also has the function of modulating infrared reflectivity. The valence state and crystallization state of tungsten oxide in the infrared modulation layer 210 are adjusted according to the wavelength range of infrared light to achieve infrared reflection and absorption.

[0044] In a further example, the infrared reflection and light transmission functions of the infrared control layer can be adjusted by regulating the oxygen content and polycrystalline structure of the tungsten oxide. Tungsten oxide with a polycrystalline structure and high oxygen content has better infrared and ultraviolet reflection and absorption functions, but may have poor light transmission; while tungsten oxide with a single crystal structure and low oxygen content has better light transmission, but poorer infrared and ultraviolet reflection and absorption functions.

[0045] Therefore, the infrared control layer 210 can be a multi-layer structure, that is, a structure of at least two tungsten oxide layers stacked sequentially, with the oxygen content of the tungsten oxide gradually decreasing in each layer. The adjustment of the oxygen content of the tungsten oxide layers can be achieved through a sputtering deposition process, which can employ conventional deposition methods. For example, this can be achieved by adjusting the supply of dopant gas during the sputtering deposition process. Of course, in some embodiments, tungsten oxide films with different oxygen contents can also be directly purchased and bonded together to form the infrared control layer 210.

[0046] For example, the infrared modulation layer 210 may include a first tungsten oxide layer, a second tungsten oxide layer, and a third tungsten oxide layer. The oxygen content of the tungsten oxide in the first, second, and third tungsten oxide layers gradually decreases. For example, the first tungsten oxide layer is made of a polycrystalline tungsten oxide material with three oxygen atoms, the second tungsten oxide layer is made of a polycrystalline tungsten oxide material with 2.4-2.75 oxygen atoms, and the third tungsten oxide layer is made of a single crystal tungsten oxide material. Alternatively, the infrared modulation layer 210 may include a first tungsten oxide layer and a second tungsten oxide layer, where the first tungsten oxide layer uses tungsten oxide with a higher oxygen content than the second tungsten oxide layer. For example, the first tungsten oxide layer uses polycrystalline tungsten oxide, and the second tungsten oxide layer uses single crystal tungsten oxide. Typically, the first tungsten oxide layer is closest to the substrate 100, although this may vary in some other embodiments.

[0047] By using a structure with at least two layers of tungsten oxide, the infrared modulation layer 210 can be compatible with both infrared and ultraviolet reflection and absorption functions, while also ensuring a certain level of visible light transmittance.

[0048] It is understood that the above embodiments use tungsten oxide as an example for illustration. In other embodiments, tungsten can be replaced with other elements in the same group as tungsten, such as rhenium and molybdenum, or other metal oxide films. The examples in this embodiment do not constitute an undue limitation. Furthermore, it is understood that the various metal oxides themselves are all known materials.

[0049] The heat insulation layer 220 is disposed on the side of the infrared control layer 210 away from the substrate 100. The heat insulation layer 220 is used to achieve heat insulation performance, enhance the function of infrared reflection, and further improve the heat insulation effect.

[0050] For example, the material of the heat insulation layer 220 is selected from one or more materials such as silver, silver-gold alloy, and silver-palladium alloy. It can be formed by low-pressure, high-power sputtering deposition. For another example, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 220 can be 5 to 50 nm.

[0051] The inclusion of the heat insulation layer 220 helps to enhance direct infrared reflectivity, improve infrared heat insulation performance, and reduce glass emissivity. Furthermore, when the heat insulation layer 220 is combined with the infrared modulation layer 210, it can be matched to adjust the full-spectrum performance of the glass. For example, ultraviolet light isolation, visible light transmittance and reflected color, infrared light transmittance, absorption, and reflectivity can all be improved. Especially in subsequent embodiments, where multiple functional layers 200 are provided, i.e., multiple heat insulation layers 220 are arranged in a specific order, the beneficial effects will be further enhanced.

[0052] The optical control layer 230 is disposed on the side of the heat insulation layer 220 away from the infrared control layer 210. The optical control layer 230 is used to reduce the visible light reflectivity of the heat insulation layer 220 and improve the visible light transmittance.

[0053] The optical modulation layer 230 is typically made of metal oxide. By using metal oxides with different oxygen contents, the oxygen content and crystallinity of the film can be varied, thereby adjusting the infrared modulation capability. Metal oxides with different oxygen contents have different chemical bonding properties, which leads to a shift in the position of the infrared absorption peak. Furthermore, changes in oxygen content also affect the intensity of the absorption peak and the width of the infrared absorption band.

[0054] In this embodiment, the optical control layer 230 can be a multilayer structure, that is, a structure consisting of at least two layers of different metal oxides stacked sequentially, with different oxygen contents in the metal oxides of different layers. For example, please refer to... Figure 9 The optical control layer 230 includes a first metal oxide layer 231 and a second metal oxide layer 232 stacked sequentially. The oxygen content of the metal oxides in the first metal oxide layer 231 and the second metal oxide layer 232 is different. For example, the oxygen content of the metal oxides in the first metal oxide layer 231 is greater than that in the second metal oxide layer 232.

[0055] Furthermore, in embodiments where the optical control layer 230 is configured as a multilayer structure, at least one layer of the multilayer structure of the optical control layer 230 may be a polycrystalline structure and at least one layer may be an amorphous structure, thereby improving its infrared control capability through a composite structure. For example, the first metal oxide layer 231 may be a polycrystalline structure and the second metal oxide layer 232 may be a single-crystal structure.

[0056] For example, the material of the optical control layer 230 is selected from one or more of the following: tungsten and tungsten oxide (W&WOx), tungsten nitride (W&WNOx), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), and silicon oxide (SiOx). It is understood that the use of multiple materials in this embodiment refers to the formation of several layers of films stacked sequentially, each layer using a selected material. For example, if the material of the optical control layer 230 is selected from both tungsten oxide and zinc tin oxide, then the optical control layer 230 includes a film layer made of tungsten oxide and a film layer made of zinc tin oxide, the two layers being arranged sequentially, and their order can be selected as needed.

[0057] If a glass with high visible light transmittance is required, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 220 needs to be reduced; if the control capability of the infrared control layer 210 needs to be improved, the thickness of the infrared control layer 210 needs to be increased. Therefore, when the transmittance requirement is low, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 220 can be increased to enhance infrared reflection, while the infrared control layer 210 can be thinned to continue to compensate for infrared absorption and reflection.

[0058] By setting the optical control layer 230, the transmittance of visible light, the transmittance of infrared light, the reflectance of visible light, and the reflectance of infrared light can be controlled according to different optical requirements.

[0059] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 A dielectric layer 300 may also be disposed between the infrared modulation layer 210 and the substrate 100. The dielectric layer 300 can be used to increase the adhesion between the substrate 100 and the subsequent functional layer 200.

[0060] For example, the material of the dielectric layer 300 is selected from one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), titanium nitride (TiNx), titanium oxynitride (TiNOx), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), boron zinc oxide (BZO), niobium oxide (NbOx), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), and tin oxide (SnOx).

[0061] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 The functional layer 200 also includes a composite dielectric layer 240, which is disposed between the infrared modulation layer 210 and the heat insulation layer 220. The composite dielectric layer 240 can be used to increase the adhesion of the heat insulation layer 220 and prevent the oxidation of the heat insulation layer 220.

[0062] For example, the material of the composite dielectric layer 240 is selected from one or more of indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

[0063] By applying the composite dielectric layer 240, the adhesion of the insulation layer 220 can be improved, and the erosion of the insulation layer 220 by air oxidation and film impurities can be reduced, thereby improving the density, stability and continuity of the insulation layer 220.

[0064] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 4The functional layer 200 also includes a barrier layer 250, which is disposed between the heat insulation layer 220 and the optical control layer 230. The barrier layer 250 can be used to protect the heat insulation layer 220 from oxidation, improve the glass color performance, and enhance its oxidation resistance during high-temperature forming.

[0065] For example, the material of the barrier layer 250 is selected from one or more of silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNOx), nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr), nickel-chromium oxide (NiCrOx), nickel-chromium oxynitride (NiCrNOx), nickel-tungsten alloy (NiW), nickel-tungsten oxide (NiWOx), nickel-tungsten oxynitride (NiWNOx), zirconium oxide (CrOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), and titanium oxynitride (TiNOx).

[0066] The barrier layer 250 has high-temperature resistance and can be selectively applied, especially when a planar-to-curved 3D forming process is required for glass. In such cases, the barrier layer 250 is particularly necessary to protect the heat insulation layer 220 and the infrared modulation layer 210 during high-temperature forming. However, if the various film layers are formed directly on the curved substrate 100, i.e., when planar-to-curved forming is not required, the barrier layer 250 can be omitted to avoid affecting the transmittance.

[0067] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 The functional layer 200 also includes a hardened dielectric layer 260, which is located on the side of the entire functional layer 200 away from the substrate 100.

[0068] For example, the material of the hardened dielectric layer 260 is selected from one or more of zirconia (ZrOx), tungsten oxide (WOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), and aluminum oxide (AlOx).

[0069] In some embodiments, a plurality of functional layers 200 as described in any of the preceding embodiments are disposed on the substrate 100. Each functional layer 200 may include structures such as an infrared control layer 210, a heat insulation layer 220, and an optical control layer 230. For example, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be configured with two, three, or other numbers of functional layers 200.

[0070] In embodiments with multiple functional layers 200, especially in embodiments with three or more functional layers 200, if only a multi-layer silver heat insulation layer 220 is used, although the heat insulation performance can be improved, its light transmittance will be significantly reduced. However, by adopting the structural arrangement of the functional layers 200 of the embodiments of this application, sufficient visible light transmittance can be ensured while improving the heat insulation performance.

[0071] For example, please refer to Figure 8 The heat-insulating glass incorporates three of the aforementioned functional layers 200. This allows for optimal heat insulation performance while ensuring sufficient transmittance.

[0072] For example, the heat-insulating glass uses a curved substrate 100, and the functional layer 200 does not have a blocking layer 250. In this case, the heat-insulating glass can have four, five, or other numbers of functional layers 200. Here, the heat-insulating glass with four or five functional layers 200 can still achieve a light transmittance of over 70% while also having good heat insulation performance.

[0073] It is understandable that when multiple functional layers 200 are provided, the specific structures of each functional layer 200 can be the same or different. For example, please see... Figure 7 and Figure 8 The outermost functional layer 200 has an additional hardening dielectric layer 260 compared to the inner functional layers. Of course, in other embodiments, the functional layers 200 can also have other differences, as long as each functional layer 200 is provided with the aforementioned infrared control layer 210, heat insulation layer 220 and optical control layer 230.

[0074] In some embodiments, the substrate 100 is a curved substrate. In embodiments where the substrate 100 is a curved substrate, the heat-insulating glass may in particular be provided with a barrier layer 250.

[0075] Currently, many types of glass are curved, especially automotive glass, where most automotive glass is 3D curved glass. Existing curved heat-insulating glass often has quality defects after being formed at high temperatures.

[0076] The coated glass in this embodiment can be directly processed on the curved substrate 100 without the need for subsequent glass sintering and bending processes, thereby improving its forming quality.

[0077] Of course, in some embodiments, a high-temperature resistant and oxidation-resistant barrier layer 250 can be provided, thereby forming each film layer on a planar substrate 100 first, and then the planar substrate 100 with the coating is 3D molded to form a curved heat-insulating glass.

[0078] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide an automobile, which includes a vehicle body and heat-insulating glass provided in any of the foregoing embodiments, the heat-insulating glass being disposed on the vehicle body.

[0079] In some embodiments, the vehicle body is provided with a windshield, a rear windshield, and window glass, and any of the glass on the vehicle body, such as the windshield, rear windshield, and window glass, may be the aforementioned heat-insulating glass.

[0080] In some embodiments, for windshields, front door windows, etc., heat-insulating glass with fewer sets of functional layers 200 can be used to ensure light transmittance. For rear windshields, rear door windows, etc., heat-insulating glass with more sets of functional layers 200 can be used to improve heat insulation performance.

[0081] For example, a car includes a windshield, front door windows, a rear windshield, and a rear door window. Both the windshield and rear door windows use the aforementioned heat-insulating glass, but the number of functional layers 200 in the windshield is less than the number of functional layers 200 in the rear door window; and / or, both the front door windows and rear door windows use the aforementioned heat-insulating glass, but the number of functional layers 200 in the front door window is less than the number of functional layers 200 in the rear door window. For example, the windshield has two functional layers, and the rear door window has three functional layers; of course, the examples in this embodiment do not constitute an undue limitation.

[0082] In some embodiments, a panoramic glass is provided on the vehicle body, and the panoramic glass may be the aforementioned heat-insulating glass.

[0083] In the automobile provided in this application embodiment, due to the use of the aforementioned heat-insulating glass, good heat insulation performance can be achieved, reducing the demand for in-vehicle air conditioning and thus reducing power consumption. Especially when the automobile is a new energy vehicle, it also has a battery and an in-vehicle air conditioner connected to the battery. The arrangement in this embodiment helps to reduce power consumption and thus increase the driving range of the new energy vehicle.

[0084] Meanwhile, existing heat insulation solutions reduce visible light transmittance, failing to meet transmittance requirements when used in windshields and front windows. The heat-insulating glass provided in this application, however, has higher visible light transmittance, satisfying both heat insulation and visible light transmittance requirements.

[0085] Accordingly, embodiments of this application also provide a preparation method for preparing the aforementioned heat-insulating glass.

[0086] The preparation method includes the following steps.

[0087] S100. Form a dielectric layer 300.

[0088] Exemplarily, a dielectric layer 300 is deposited on a glass substrate 100 using methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. For example, the thickness of the dielectric layer 300 is 3 to 250 nm. Furthermore, the material of the dielectric layer 300 is selected from one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), titanium nitride (TiNx), titanium oxynitride (TiNOx), indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), boron zinc oxide (BZO), niobium oxide (NbOx), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), and tin oxide (SnOx). The dielectric layer 300 helps to increase the surface adhesion between the glass and the functional layer 200.

[0089] S200. Form an infrared modulation layer 210.

[0090] For example, the infrared modulation layer 210 is deposited on the dielectric layer 300 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. If the dielectric layer 300 is not provided, the infrared modulation layer 210 is formed on the substrate 100. For example, the thickness of the infrared modulation layer 210 is 10 to 800 nm. Furthermore, the material of the infrared modulation layer 210 is selected from one or more of the following: tungsten and tungsten oxides (W&WOx), tungsten nitrides (W&WNOx), palladium, silver-gold alloys, silver-palladium alloys, vanadium and vanadium tungsten oxides (V&VOx), nickel-tungsten and nickel-tungsten oxides (WNi&WNiOx), nickel-tungsten nitrides (WNi&WNiNOx), nickel-chromium alloys, and iron-chromium alloys.

[0091] The infrared control layer 210 can control the transmittance of the full-spectrum infrared, and can selectively perform full-spectrum control and transmittance adjustment as needed.

[0092] When the infrared modulation layer 210 includes a multilayer structure, the infrared capability can be adjusted by regulating the ratio of oxygen content in the metal oxides of different layers. Furthermore, for each different layer, at least one layer can be a polycrystalline structure and at least one layer can be an amorphous structure, thereby improving its infrared modulation capability through a composite structure.

[0093] S300. Form a composite dielectric layer 240.

[0094] For example, a composite dielectric layer 240 is deposited on the infrared modulation layer 210 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. For example, the thickness of the composite dielectric layer 240 is 10 to 500 nm. Alternatively, the material of the composite dielectric layer 240 may be selected from one or more of indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide (ZnOx), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO).

[0095] Here, the composite dielectric layer 240 can serve as a protective layer and carrier for the thermal insulation layer 220. Furthermore, the composite dielectric layer 240 can also provide some protection against ultraviolet radiation.

[0096] S400. Form a heat insulation layer 220.

[0097] For example, the heat insulation layer 220 is formed on the composite dielectric layer 240 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. If the composite dielectric layer 240 is not provided, the heat insulation layer 220 is formed on the infrared control layer 210.

[0098] For example, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 220 is 5 to 500 nm. Also, the material of the heat insulation layer 220 can be selected from one or more materials such as silver, silver-gold alloy, and silver-palladium alloy.

[0099] S500. Form a barrier layer 250.

[0100] For example, a barrier layer 250 is deposited on the heat insulation layer 220 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. For example, the thickness of the barrier layer 250 is 3 to 150 nm. Furthermore, the material of the barrier layer 250 is selected from one or more of silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNOx), nickel-chromium alloy (NiCr), nickel-chromium oxide (NiCrOx), nickel-chromium oxynitride (NiCrNOx), nickel-tungsten alloy (NiW), nickel-tungsten oxide (NiWOx), nickel-tungsten oxynitride (NiWNOx), zirconium oxide (CrOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), and titanium oxynitride (TiNOx).

[0101] By setting the barrier layer 250, the heat insulation layer 220 can be protected, the oxidation of the heat insulation layer 220 can be reduced, and the entire film layer can be protected from high temperature damage.

[0102] S600. Forms an optical control layer 230.

[0103] For example, the optical control layer 230 is deposited on the barrier layer 250 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. It can be understood that when the barrier layer 250 is not provided, the optical control layer 230 is formed on the heat insulation layer 220.

[0104] For example, the thickness of the optical control layer 230 is 30 to 850 nm. Alternatively, the material of the optical control layer 230 may be selected from one or more of the following: tungsten and tungsten oxides (W&WOx), tungsten nitride oxides (W&WNOx), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), zinc tin oxide (ZnSnOx), zinc oxide ZnOx, TiOx, and SiOx.

[0105] Here, the optical control layer 230 can be used to increase the transmittance of visible light and reduce the reflectance of visible light. For example, the transmittance of the coating surface can be increased from 3-20% to over 75%.

[0106] In some embodiments, an antireflection layer may be further superimposed on the optical modulation layer 230 to further reduce the reflectivity of visible light. For example, it can reduce the reflectivity from more than 9% to about 4%.

[0107] S700. Form a hardened dielectric layer 260.

[0108] For example, a hardening dielectric layer 260 is deposited on the optical control layer 230 by methods such as vacuum deposition or evaporation deposition. For example, the thickness of the hardening dielectric layer 260 is 3 to 500 nm. Furthermore, the material of the hardening dielectric layer 260 can be selected from one or more of zirconia oxide (ZrOx), tungsten oxide (WOx), silicon nitride (SiNx), and aluminum oxide (AlOx).

[0109] By adding a hardening dielectric layer 260, the adhesion, surface tension, and stress of the thin film surface can be increased, resulting in a surface hardness of 8H or higher. Therefore, the coated glass can meet the wear resistance standards, as well as the acid and alkali resistance and boiling water test standards.

[0110] In the embodiments of this application, the ability of the functional thin film to control the full spectrum is enhanced by introducing an infrared control layer 210 into the structure, thereby controlling the ultraviolet, visible and infrared bands. In specific applications, the thin film design and application of the infrared control layer 210 can be carried out according to the application of different products.

[0111] In addition, in some embodiments, the combined characteristics of the multilayer heat insulation layer 220 can be used to adjust the heat insulation performance by designing different infrared reflection capabilities according to the heat insulation requirements and visible light needs. At the same time, the absorption of infrared by the infrared control layer 210 can also be controlled. Not only can the infrared reflection and absorption be controlled according to different applications, but the ratio of infrared reflection and absorption can also be controlled in a targeted manner. This allows the glass to not only insulate heat, but also to use heat absorption to assist in heat conduction to the environment on the side of the glass away from the outside.

[0112] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the visible light transmittance and reflectance of the thin film can be controlled via the optical control layer 230. When applied to vehicles, this allows for control over the transmittance reduction of sunroofs, panoramic sunroofs, rear door windows, rear windshields, and rear quarter window lights, while also achieving greater ultraviolet and infrared reflection to improve heat insulation performance. The hardening dielectric layer 260 helps improve performance characteristics such as scratch resistance, storage resistance, moisture resistance, washability, and abrasion resistance.

[0113] Example 1

[0114] Please see Figure 6 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, which includes a substrate 100, on which a dielectric layer 300, an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat-insulating layer 220, a blocking layer 250, an optical control layer 230 and a hardened dielectric layer 260 are sequentially stacked.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] The method for preparing the heat-insulating glass provided in Example 1 is as follows.

[0117] First, a dielectric layer 300 is formed on the glass substrate 100 to increase the adhesion between the substrate 100 and the subsequent functional layer 200. Then, an infrared modulation layer 210 is formed on the dielectric layer 300. The main function of the infrared modulation layer 210 is to reflect and absorb infrared and ultraviolet light, reducing infrared penetration and selectively achieving the desired heat insulation effect. Next, a composite dielectric layer 240 is formed on the infrared modulation layer 210. The main function of the composite dielectric layer 240 is to increase the adhesion of the subsequent heat insulation layer 220 and prevent its oxidation. Then, a heat insulation layer 220 is formed on the composite dielectric layer 240 to enhance infrared reflection and further improve the heat insulation effect. Finally, a barrier layer 250 is formed. The barrier layer 250 mainly protects the heat insulation layer 220 from oxidation, improves color performance, and enhances oxidation resistance during high-temperature molding. Then, an optical modulation layer 230 is formed to reduce the visible light reflectivity of the heat insulation layer 220 and improve the visible light transmittance. Finally, a hardening dielectric film layer is formed to ensure the film's hardness, adhesion, water vapor barrier properties, and scratch resistance.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, which includes a substrate 100, on which an infrared control layer 210, a heat-insulating layer 220, and an optical control layer 230 are sequentially stacked. For protection, a hardening dielectric layer 260 may also be added to the outside of the optical control layer 230.

[0120] Example 4

[0121] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, which includes a substrate 100, on which a dielectric layer 300, an infrared control layer 210, a heat-insulating layer 220, and an optical control layer 230 are sequentially stacked. For protection, a hardened dielectric layer 260 may also be added to the outside of the optical control layer 230.

[0122] Example 5

[0123] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, which includes a substrate 100, on which an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat-insulating layer 220, and an optical control layer 230 are sequentially stacked. For protection, a hardened dielectric layer 260 may also be added to the outside of the optical control layer 230.

[0124] Example 6

[0125] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, which includes a substrate 100, on which an infrared control layer 210, a heat-insulating layer 220, a blocking layer 250, and an optical control layer 230 are sequentially stacked. For protection, a hardening dielectric layer 260 may also be added to the outside of the optical control layer 230.

[0126] Example 7

[0127] Please see Figure 7 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, comprising a substrate 100, on which a dielectric layer 300 and two sets of functional layers 200 are sequentially stacked. The functional layers 200 closer to the substrate 100 include, in sequence, an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat-insulating layer 220, a barrier layer 250, and an optical control layer 230. The functional layers 200 farther from the substrate 100 include, in sequence, an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat-insulating layer 220, a barrier layer 250, an optical control layer 230, and a hardened dielectric layer 260.

[0128] Example 8

[0129] Please see Figure 8 In this embodiment, a heat-insulating glass is provided, comprising a substrate 100, on which a dielectric layer 300 and three sets of functional layers 200 are sequentially stacked. The two sets of functional layers 200 closest to the substrate 100 include an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat insulation layer 220, a barrier layer 250, and an optical control layer 230, sequentially stacked. The outermost set of functional layers 200 furthest from the substrate 100 includes an infrared control layer 210, a composite dielectric layer 240, a heat insulation layer 220, a barrier layer 250, an optical control layer 230, and a hardening dielectric layer 260, sequentially stacked.

[0130] It is understood that the terms used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning. For any content not described in detail in a certain embodiment, the specific implementation details can be referred to the descriptions in other embodiments. The examples and technical effects shown in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented accordingly. Unless explicitly excluded or there are principle obstacles that prevent the various embodiments from being combined, the various embodiments can be used in combination with each other. For the repeated parts, this specification will not elaborate further.

[0131] The above provides a detailed description of the heat-insulating glass and automobile provided by this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. Heat-insulated glass, characterized in that, The functional layer comprises a substrate and a functional layer arranged on the substrate, the functional layer comprises, an infrared regulation layer arranged on the substrate; a thermal insulation layer arranged on the side of the infrared regulation layer away from the substrate; an optical regulation layer arranged on the side of the thermal insulation layer away from the infrared regulation layer.

2. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The infrared regulation layer comprises at least two layers of metal oxide film layers arranged in sequence, and each layer of the metal oxide film layers is made of a metal oxide with different oxygen content.

3. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical regulation layer comprises at least two layers of metal oxide layers arranged in sequence, wherein, at least one layer of the metal oxide layers is made of a metal oxide with a polycrystalline structure, at least one layer of the metal oxide layers is made of a metal oxide with an amorphous structure; and / or, each layer of the metal oxide layers is made of a metal oxide with different oxygen content.

4. The insulated glass of claim 1, wherein, A dielectric layer is further arranged between the infrared regulation layer and the substrate.

5. The insulated glass of claim 1, wherein, A composite dielectric layer is further arranged between the infrared regulation layer and the thermal insulation layer.

6. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 5, characterized in that The material of the composite dielectric layer is selected from one or more of indium tin oxide, zinc aluminum oxide, zinc tin oxide, zinc oxide, and fluorine-doped tin oxide, and the thickness of the composite dielectric layer is 10-500 nm.

7. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that A barrier layer is further arranged between the thermal insulation layer and the optical regulation layer.

8. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 7, characterized in that The material of the barrier layer is selected from one or more of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, nickel-chromium alloy, nickel-chromium oxide, nickel-chromium oxynitride, nickel-tungsten alloy, nickel-tungsten oxide, nickel-tungsten oxynitride, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and titanium oxynitride, and the thickness of the barrier layer is 3-150 nm.

9. The insulated glass of claim 1, wherein, The material of the optical regulation layer is selected from one or more of tungsten and tungsten oxide, tungsten oxynitride, zinc aluminum oxide, zinc tin oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and silicon oxide, and the thickness of the optical regulation layer is 30-850 nm.

10. Insulating glass according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that The three layers of the functional layer are arranged in sequence on the substrate.

11. The thermally insulated glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The substrate is a curved substrate, and a barrier layer is further arranged between the thermal insulation layer and the optical regulation layer.

12. An automobile characterized by comprising: The functional layer comprises a substrate and a functional layer arranged on the substrate, the functional layer comprises, a vehicle body; and the heat-insulating glass according to any one of claims 1-11 is arranged on the vehicle body.

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