Leather edge oiling machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of leather processing, and particularly relates to a leather edge oiling machine which comprises a rack, a feeding device, a first conveying device, a second conveying device and an edge oiling device, a mounting plate is arranged on the top side of the rack, two guide plates are arranged on the mounting plate, a guide groove is formed by the two guide plates, and a through groove is formed in the mounting plate on the bottom side of the guide groove; a bottom plate is arranged on the bottom side of the rack, the first conveying device is arranged above the through groove, the second conveying device is arranged on the bottom plate and located below the through groove, and the first conveying device and the second conveying device are matched up and down to convey leather; a feeding device is further arranged above the rack and used for conveying leather to the position between the first conveying device and the second conveying device. And an edge oiling device is arranged at the output end of the guide groove and is used for oiling the edge of the leather. The leather is horizontally fed and conveyed, so that the edge of the leather is uniformly oiled by the edge oiling device, the condition of non-uniform ink on the edge of the leather caused by deviation of the leather in the conveying process is avoided, and the edge oiling effect and quality of the leather are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of leather processing technology, and in particular relates to a leather edge painting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial products made of leather, such as belts, shoulder straps, and handles, require edge painting after production and cutting to create protection, enhance the wear resistance and moisture and stain resistance of the edges, and increase the appearance and quality of the leather products.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN110904295A discloses a strip leather edge painting machine, including a base with a rectangular through hole. A strip of leather is inserted into the rectangular through hole, and the strip is equipped with a pair of rollers that drive it to move from left to right. An edge painting wheel is located at the lower right end of the base. The edge painting wheel and the rollers use the same drive mechanism, and the lower end of the edge painting wheel is immersed in water-based edge oil. The strip of leather is conveyed by two relatively moving rollers, and the edge painting wheel automatically applies water-based edge oil to the sides of the strip of leather, improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0004] The technical solution in the aforementioned patent document realizes automatic leather conveying and edge painting; however, the leather passes vertically through a rectangular through hole in the base, and the two relatively moving rollers only contact a portion of the leather surface area. Due to the weight of the leather, the leather will shift downwards during the conveying process, resulting in different contact areas between the edge painting rollers and the leather edges, leading to uneven ink application after edge painting. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a leather edge painting machine that solves the problem that existing leather is transported vertically, causing the leather to shift during transport and affecting the edge painting effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a leather edge painting machine, comprising a frame, a feeding device, a first conveying device, a second conveying device, and an edge painting device. A mounting plate is provided on the top side of the frame, and two guide plates are provided on the mounting plate, forming a guide groove between the two guide plates. A through groove is provided on the mounting plate at the bottom side of the guide groove. A base plate is provided on the bottom side of the frame. The first conveying device is located above the through groove, and the second conveying device is located on the base plate and below the through groove. The first and second conveying devices cooperate vertically to convey leather. A feeding device is also provided above the frame to transfer leather from outside the frame to between the first and second conveying devices. An edge painting device is provided at the output end of the guide groove for edge painting the leather.

[0007] Furthermore, the frame is also equipped with an adjustment assembly, which includes a fixed base, a lead screw, two moving parts, and a knob. The fixed base is located on the bottom side of the frame. One end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the fixed base, and the other end extends out of the frame. The knob is located on the end of the lead screw that extends out of the frame. The two ends of the lead screw are also provided with a forward thread and a reverse thread. The two moving parts are respectively threaded to the forward thread and the reverse thread of the lead screw. The guide plate is connected to the moving parts.

[0008] Furthermore, the feeding device includes a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and an adsorption component. The conveying mechanism is located on the top side of the frame and extends out of one side of the frame. The conveying mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the adsorption component.

[0009] Furthermore, a material hopper device is provided on one side of the frame. The material hopper device includes a lifting component, a base, a support plate, and multiple limiting posts. The base is located below the feeding device, the support plate is located on the top side of the base, the lifting component is connected to the support plate, and the multiple limiting posts pass through the support plate and are connected to the base, and are respectively located on both sides of the support plate to form a space for accommodating multiple layers of leather that can be stacked.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a translation component, which is connected to the second conveying device and is used to drive the second conveying device to reciprocate in the through groove; the second conveying device is connected to the first conveying device through a connecting seat.

[0011] Furthermore, the edge-painting device includes an edge-painting mechanism and an elastic component. The edge-painting mechanism is also provided with a swing arm on its bottom side, and the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to a support seat. The bottom end of the support seat is provided on the base plate. One end of the elastic component is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the edge-painting mechanism, so that it elastically fits the edge of the leather.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic component includes a tension spring and a stop member. The end of the swing arm away from the oiling mechanism extends outward with an extension portion. One end of the tension spring is connected to the extension portion, and the other end is connected to the frame. The stop member is disposed on the base plate and located on the side of the swing arm away from the second conveying device, for limiting the rotation range of the extension portion.

[0013] Furthermore, an ink recycling bin is provided on the bottom side of the frame, and a pipe is provided on the bottom side of the oil edge mechanism, with the bottom end of the pipe facing the ink recycling bin.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a drying device, which is located on one side of the output end of the edge-oiling device. The top side of the drying device is provided with a conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is provided with multiple magazines. The top side of the frame is also provided with a robotic arm, which is used to clamp the edge-oiled leather and transfer it to the magazines.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the robotic arm is provided with a telescopic component, a gripper, and a limiting component. The telescopic component is located at the end of the robotic arm, the gripper is located at the output end of the telescopic component, and the limiting component is located on one side of the robotic arm, with its free end located on the side of the gripper away from the telescopic component. A clamping position is formed between the gripper and the free end of the limiting component for clamping the leather after edge painting. An clearance position is provided between the gripper and the limiting component to prevent the leather edge from being exposed.

[0016] The leather edge painting machine provided in this embodiment of the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0017] Because the feeding device is located above the frame, it can accurately transfer the leather from the outside of the frame to the first and second conveying devices in the guide groove. This ensures that the first and second conveying devices only contact the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the leather under the action of the through groove and convey it horizontally towards the outlet of the guide groove. This keeps the edge painting device in stable contact with the edge of the leather and prevents the leather from shifting during the conveying process, which would cause uneven ink on the edges of the leather. This improves the edge painting effect and quality of the leather. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of a leather edge painting machine provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 A perspective view of the frame and hopper device of the leather edge painting machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 Another perspective view of the frame and hopper device of the leather edge painting machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 The leather edge painting machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 The structural diagram of the adjustment assembly and guide plate of the leather edge painting machine provided in the embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the first conveying device, the second conveying device, and the edge-painting device of the leather edge-painting machine provided in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 Another structural diagram of the first conveying device, the second conveying device, and the edge-oiling device of the leather edge-oiling machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the feeding device for a leather edge painting machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 A structural diagram of the drying equipment for the leather edge painting machine provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] In the diagram, 100 is the frame, 110 is the mounting plate, 120 is the guide plate, 121 is the guide groove, 130 is the through groove, 140 is the base plate, 150 is the translation component, 160 is the ink recovery box, 170 is the robot arm, 171 is the telescopic component, 172 is the chuck, 173 is the limiting component, and 174 is the clearance position.

[0029] 200. Feeding device; 210. Conveying mechanism; 220. Lifting mechanism; 230. Adsorption component;

[0030] 300. First conveying device; 310. Second conveying device; 320. Connecting seat;

[0031] 400. Edge painting device; 410. Edge painting mechanism; 411. Swing arm; 412. Bearing seat; 413. Extension; 414. Pipe; 420. Elastic component; 421. Tension spring; 422. Abutment; 423. Abutment plate; 424. Plug.

[0032] 500. Adjustment component; 510. Fixing base; 520. Lead screw; 530. Moving part; 540. Knob;

[0033] 600. Hopper device; 610. Lifting component; 620. Base; 630. Support plate; 631. Groove; 640. Limiting post; 650. Accommodation space.

[0034] 700. Drying equipment; 710. Conveying mechanism; 720. Magazine. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the embodiments of this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment of the invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In one embodiment of the leather edge painting machine of this utility model, please refer to... Figures 1 to 9A leather edge-painting machine includes a frame 100, a feeding device 200, a first conveying device 300, a second conveying device 310, and an edge-painting device 400. A mounting plate 110 is provided on the top side of the frame 100, and two guide plates 120 are provided on the mounting plate 110, forming a guide groove 121 between the two guide plates 120. A through groove 130 is provided on the bottom side of the mounting plate 110 of the guide groove 121. A base plate 140 is provided on the bottom side of the frame 100. The first conveying device 300 is located above the through groove 130, and the second conveying device 310 is located on the base plate 140 and below the through groove 130. The first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310 cooperate vertically to convey leather. A feeding device 200 is also provided above the frame 100 to transfer leather from outside the frame 100 to between the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310. The output end of the guide groove 121 is provided with an edge-oiling device 400, which is used to oil the edges of the leather.

[0040] Specifically, because the feeding device 200 is located above the frame 100, it can accurately convey the leather from the outside of the frame 100 to the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310 inside the guide groove 121. This ensures that the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310, under the action of the through groove 130, only contact the inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the leather and convey it horizontally towards the outlet of the guide groove 121. This allows the edge-oiling device 400 to maintain contact with the edge of the leather and perform edge-oiling, preventing the leather from shifting during conveying and causing uneven ink application on some edges of the leather, thereby improving the edge-oiling effect and quality. Two sets of edge-oiling devices 400 are provided, located on both sides of the outlet of the guide groove 121. Specifically, the two sets of edge-oiling devices 400 can simultaneously oil both sides of the leather, improving edge-oiling efficiency.

[0041] Furthermore, the frame 100 is also equipped with an adjustment assembly 500, which includes a fixed base 510, a lead screw 520, two moving parts 530, and a knob 540. The fixed base 510 is located on the bottom side of the frame 100. One end of the lead screw 520 is rotatably connected to the fixed base 510, and the other end extends out of the frame 100. The knob 540 is located on the end of the lead screw 520 that extends out of the frame 100. The two ends of the lead screw 520 are also provided with forward threads and reverse threads. The two moving parts 530 are respectively threaded to the forward threads and reverse threads of the lead screw 520. The guide plate 120 is connected to the moving parts 530. Specifically, rotating the knob 540 causes the lead screw 520 to rotate, causing the two moving parts 530 to move closer or further apart, that is, the width of the guide groove 121 formed between the two guide plates 120 changes, making it adaptable to the passage of leather of different sizes.

[0042] Furthermore, the feeding device 200 includes a conveying mechanism 210, a lifting mechanism 220, and an adsorption element 230. The conveying mechanism 210 is located on the top side of the frame 100 and extends out of one side of the frame 100. The conveying mechanism 210 is connected to the lifting mechanism 220, and the output end of the lifting mechanism 220 is connected to the adsorption element 230. Specifically, the conveying mechanism 210 drives the lifting mechanism 220 to move to the outside of the frame, the lifting mechanism 220 can drive the adsorption element 230 to move down to adsorb leather, and then the adsorbed leather is precisely moved between the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310 through the conveying mechanism 210.

[0043] Furthermore, a material storage device 600 is provided on one side of the frame 100. The material storage device 600 includes a lifting member 610, a base 620, a support plate 630, and multiple limiting posts 640. The base 620 is located below the feeding device 200, and the support plate 630 is located on the top side of the base 620. The lifting member 610 is connected to the support plate 630, and the multiple limiting posts 640 pass through the support plate 630 and are connected to the base 620, respectively located on both sides of the support plate 620, to form a storage space 650 for stacking multiple layers of leather. Specifically, multiple layers of leather can be stacked within the storage space 650. After the feeding device 200 absorbs the leather, the lifting member 610 then raises the support plate 630, shortening the distance the leather needs to move to the guide groove 121, so that the leather moves horizontally into the guide groove 121 as much as possible, improving the feeding accuracy and efficiency. The support plate 630 has multiple slots 631 on both sides, and the limiting post 640 is adjustablely mounted on the base 620 through the slots 631. Specifically, the limiting post 640 is adjustablely mounted on the base 620 so that the limiting post 640 can be stably positioned in any position of the slot 631, thereby adjusting the width of the accommodating space 650 to accommodate leather of different sizes and expand its application range.

[0044] Furthermore, a translation component 150 is provided on the base plate 140, which is connected to the second conveying device 310 and used to drive the second conveying device 310 to reciprocate in the through groove 130. The second conveying device 300 is connected to the first conveying device 310 through a connecting seat 320. Specifically, the connecting seat 320 allows the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310 to be moved synchronously by the translation component 150, ensuring that the leather is subjected to clamping force from both the top and bottom and is stably conveyed to the next station, avoiding deviation during the leather conveying process; and ensuring that the end of the leather can contact the edge-oiling device 400 under the movement of the translation component 150, improving the quality of the edge-oiling of the leather end.

[0045] Furthermore, the edge-painting device 400 includes an edge-painting mechanism 410 and an elastic component 420. The edge-painting mechanism 410 has a swing arm 411 on its underside, and the other end of the swing arm 411 is rotatably connected to a support base 412, the bottom end of which is mounted on the base plate 140. One end of the elastic component 120 is connected to the frame 100, and the other end is connected to the edge-painting mechanism 410, allowing it to elastically conform to the edge of the leather. Specifically, after the first conveying device 300 and the second conveying device 310 convey the leather through the guide groove 121, the elastic component 420 causes the edge-painting mechanism 410 to elastically contact the edge of the leather. Even if the dimensions of both ends of the leather decrease, the edge-painting mechanism 410 maintains contact with the edges of different sizes of the leather under the action of elastic force, adapting to edge painting of leather of different widths and reducing production costs.

[0046] Furthermore, the elastic component 420 includes a tension spring 421 and an abutment 422. The end of the swing arm 411 away from the edge-painting mechanism 410 extends outwards with an extension portion 413. One end of the tension spring 421 is connected to the extension portion 413, and the other end is connected to the frame 100. The abutment 422 is disposed on the base plate 140 and located on the side of the swing arm 411 away from the second conveying device 310, used to limit the rotation range of the extension portion 413. Specifically, as the leather passes through the edge-painting mechanism 410, it drives the cantilever 411 to rotate outwards. The tension spring 421 generates elastic force, causing the edge-painting mechanism 410 to elastically conform to the edge of the leather. The abutment 422 includes an abutment plate 423 and a plug 424. The top of the abutment plate 423 has a threaded hole, and one end of the plug 424 is adjustablely threaded into the threaded hole, while the other end faces the extension portion 413. Specifically, the plug 424 is adjustablely disposed on the abutment plate 423 so that the distance between the plug 424 and the extension 413 can be adjusted. The plug prevents the extension 413 from rotating too much, which would prevent the edge-oiling mechanism 410 from being able to oil the leather edge.

[0047] Furthermore, an ink recovery box 160 is provided on the bottom side of the frame 100, and a pipe 414 is provided on the bottom side of the edge-painting mechanism 410, with the bottom end of the pipe 414 facing the ink recovery box 160. Specifically, during the edge-painting process, excess ink from the edge-painting mechanism 410 can drip into the ink recovery box 160 through the pipe 414, preventing ink from overflowing and dripping into the frame 100, affecting the service life of other parts and increasing the difficulty of cleaning.

[0048] Furthermore, it also includes a drying device 700, which is located on one side of the output end of the edge-painting device 400. A conveying mechanism 710 is located on the top side of the drying device 700, and multiple clips 720 are mounted on the conveying mechanism 710. A robotic arm 170 is also located on the top side of the frame 100, used to clamp the edge-painted leather and transfer it to the clips 720. Specifically, the robotic arm 170 is located on the top side of the frame 100, saving space in the edge-painting machine. When one edge of the leather is edge-painted and extends beyond the edge-painting device, the robotic arm 170 clamps that end of the leather. After the entire edge of the leather is edge-painted, the robotic arm 170 transfers the leather to the clips 720, which clamp the leather. The conveying mechanism 710 moves the clips 720 into the drying device 700. Repeating these steps, the drying device 700 can quickly dry the ink, improving leather processing efficiency.

[0049] Furthermore, one end of the robotic arm 170 is provided with a telescopic member 171, a clamp 172, and a limiting member 173. The telescopic member 171 is located at the end of the robotic arm 170, the clamp 172 is located at the output end of the telescopic member 171, and the limiting member 173 is located on one side of the robotic arm 170, with its free end located on the side of the clamp 172 away from the telescopic member 171. A clamping position is formed between the clamp 172 and the free end of the limiting member 173 for clamping the leather after edge painting. A clearance 174 is provided between the clamp 172 and the limiting member 173 to prevent the leather edge from being exposed. Specifically, the telescopic member 171 drives the clamp 172 to approach the free end of the limiting member 173 to clamp the leather. Because a clearance 174 is provided between the clamp 172 and the limiting member 173, the clamp 172 and the limiting member 173 are prevented from contacting the leather edge, thus protecting the ink on the leather edge and improving the quality of the edge painting. The free end of the clamp 172 and the free end of the limiting member 173 are bent to form a clamping portion on the side that is close to each other, which is used to clamp the leather. Specifically, the clamping portion formed by bending the clamp 172 and the limiting member 173 increases the contact area with the inside of the leather, preventing the leather from loosening during the clamping and moving process.

[0050] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A leather edge painting machine, characterized in that, The device includes a frame, a feeding device, a first conveying device, a second conveying device, and an edge-oiling device. A mounting plate is provided on the top side of the frame, and two guide plates are provided on the mounting plate, forming a guide groove between the two guide plates. A through groove is provided on the mounting plate at the bottom of the guide groove. A base plate is provided on the bottom side of the frame. The first conveying device is located above the through groove, and the second conveying device is located on the base plate and below the through groove. The first and second conveying devices cooperate vertically to convey leather. A feeding device is also provided above the frame to transfer leather from the outside of the frame to between the first and second conveying devices. An edge-oiling device is provided at the output end of the guide groove to oil the edges of the leather.

2. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is also equipped with an adjustment assembly, which includes a fixed base, a lead screw, two moving parts, and a knob. The fixed base is located on the bottom side of the frame. One end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the fixed base, and the other end extends out of the frame. The knob is located on the end of the lead screw that extends out of the frame. The two ends of the lead screw are also provided with a forward thread and a reverse thread. The two moving parts are respectively threaded to the forward thread and the reverse thread of the lead screw. The guide plate is connected to the moving parts.

3. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device includes a conveying mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and an adsorption component. The conveying mechanism is located on the top side of the frame and extends out of one side of the frame. The conveying mechanism is connected to the lifting mechanism, and the output end of the lifting mechanism is connected to the adsorption component.

4. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hopper device is provided on one side of the frame. The hopper device includes a lifting component, a base, a support plate, and multiple limiting posts. The base is located below the feeding device. The support plate is located on the top side of the base. The lifting component is connected to the support plate. The multiple limiting posts pass through the support plate and are connected to the base, and are respectively located on both sides of the support plate to form a space for accommodating multiple layers of leather.

5. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with a translation component, which is connected to the second conveying device and is used to drive the second conveying device to reciprocate in the through groove; the second conveying device is connected to the first conveying device through a connecting seat.

6. The leather edge painting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The edge-painting device includes an edge-painting mechanism and an elastic component. The edge-painting mechanism is also provided with a swing arm on its bottom side. The other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to a support seat. The bottom end of the support seat is provided on the base plate. One end of the elastic component is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the edge-painting mechanism, so that it elastically fits the edge of the leather.

7. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic component includes a tension spring and a stop member. The end of the swing arm away from the oiling mechanism extends outward with an extension portion. One end of the tension spring is connected to the extension portion, and the other end is connected to the frame. The stop member is provided on the base plate and is located on the side of the swing arm away from the second conveying device, for limiting the rotation range of the extension portion.

8. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom side of the frame is also provided with an ink recovery box, and the bottom side of the oil edge mechanism is also provided with a pipe, with the bottom end of the pipe facing the ink recovery box.

9. The leather edge painting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a drying device, which is located on one side of the output end of the edge-oiling device. The top side of the drying device is provided with a conveying mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is provided with multiple magazines. The top side of the frame is also provided with a robotic arm, which is used to clamp the edge-oiled leather and transfer it to the magazines.

10. The leather edge painting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the robotic arm is provided with a telescopic component, a gripper, and a limiting component. The telescopic component is located at the end of the robotic arm, the gripper is located at the output end of the telescopic component, and the limiting component is located on one side of the robotic arm, with its free end located on the side of the gripper away from the telescopic component. A clamping position is formed between the gripper and the free end of the limiting component for clamping the leather after edge painting. An clearance position is provided between the gripper and the limiting component to prevent the leather edge from being exposed.

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