High-density deployment noise monitoring micro-station
By combining capacitive sensors and wireless communication modules with solar and lithium battery power management, the problems of high power consumption and large size of noise monitoring stations have been solved, achieving low power consumption, miniaturization and high-density deployment, and improving data sharing and coverage area.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422964586.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing noise monitoring stations are characterized by high power consumption, large size, lack of information sharing, and small coverage area, resulting in high cost and uneconomical high-density detection.
It employs capacitive sensors, preamplifiers, ADC circuits, AGC control circuits, MCU systems, and wireless communication modules, combined with solar and lithium battery power management, to achieve low-power miniaturization, and high-density deployment through telecommunications base station and micro-site cascading technology.
It achieves low power consumption and miniaturization of noise monitoring stations, supports high-density deployment, adapts to different environments, reduces installation and operation costs, and improves data sharing and coverage.
Smart Images
Figure CN223796132U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of noise monitoring technology, specifically to the high-density deployment of noise monitoring microstations. Background Technology
[0002] Noise monitoring stations generally suffer from the following pain points:
[0003] First, monitoring stations generally consume a lot of power and need to be powered by mains electricity. However, it is difficult to obtain mains power at the location of a monitoring station, and the total power consumption of multiple monitoring stations is not very economical.
[0004] Second, large size: The monitoring station is generally large in size and requires a professional installation and construction team. It consumes more resources in terms of transportation, site selection and construction difficulty.
[0005] Third, lack of information sharing: lack of information sharing leads to high collaboration costs and makes it impossible to industrialize data applications.
[0006] Fourth, small coverage area: The monitoring area of a typical monitoring station is only 30 meters in radius. To carry out high-density detection, multiple points need to be set up. However, existing monitoring stations are large and expensive, making them too cost-effective for high-density coverage.
[0007] Based on this, this utility model designs a high-density deployment noise monitoring micro-station to achieve low power consumption and miniaturization of the noise monitoring station. Utility Model Content
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations, achieving low power consumption and miniaturization of noise monitoring stations.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-density deployment of noise monitoring microstations, including a capacitive sensor, a preamplifier, an ADC circuit, an AGC control circuit, an MCU system, and a wireless communication module. The capacitive sensor is used as an acoustic-to-electrical conversion device to convert noise signals into analog electrical signals. The preamplifier is used to amplify the analog signals by a certain factor. The ADC circuit is used as an analog-to-digital conversion circuit to convert analog electrical signals into digital electrical signals. The AGC control circuit is used as an automatic gain control circuit to avoid distortion of analog signals. The MCU system is used to process, calculate, and store the received data, and control the AGC amplification factor and communication mode. The wireless communication module is used to transmit the data processed by the microstation MCU system externally through long-distance wireless communication technology, or to receive external data.
[0010] Preferably, the wireless communication module is divided into wireless communication circuit one and wireless communication circuit two. Wireless communication circuit one uses telecommunications base station communication. If within the coverage area of the telecommunications base station, the communication distance is relatively long, enabling high-density deployment of micro-stations. Wireless communication circuit two uses micro-station site relay cascading technology. The communication distance is relatively short, and it can network with other micro-stations. Through other micro-stations, multi-level forwarding is performed until the data is received by the data receiving end, which then issues a receipt instruction to the micro-station, thereby achieving high-density deployment of micro-stations.
[0011] Preferably, the input power supply of the preamplifier is a power management module, which includes a solar panel, a solar DC-DC converter module, mains power, an AC-DC converter module, a power management circuit module, and a lithium battery. The mains power is industrial frequency AC power. The solar panel is specifically a solar cell panel used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The solar DC-DC converter module converts unstable solar energy into stable DC power. The AC-DC converter module is used to convert AC mains power into stable low-voltage DC power. The power management circuit module is responsible for battery charging and discharging management, providing multiple power sources required by the system, monitoring power voltage and current, and performing power protection control. The lithium battery is used to store electrical energy and provide power when the system needs it.
[0012] Preferably, the power supply management module supplies power to the system from mains electricity via an AC-DC conversion circuit when there is insufficient sunlight and mains power is readily available; when mains power is inconvenient and there is sufficient sunlight, it supplies power from solar energy; and when there is insufficient sunlight or at night, it supplies power from batteries.
[0013] Preferably, the default outputs of the power management circuit module are the preamplifier power supply PrePwr and the system power supply SysPwr, with the system power supply SysPwr providing power to the ADC circuit, AGC circuit, MCU system, and communication circuit.
[0014] Preferably, after a power outage, the mains power and solar power immediately switch to lithium battery to power the preamplifier and system. After the mains power and solar power are restored, the battery continues to be charged, and the lithium battery stops supplying power, thus ensuring battery power and device endurance.
[0015] Preferably, the solar panel converts light energy into unstable direct current, which is then converted into stable direct current by the solar DC-DC converter module and enters the power management circuit module. The mains power is converted into stable low-voltage direct current by the AC-DC converter module and enters the power management circuit module. The power supply method is determined according to the lighting conditions and the convenience of mains power access.
[0016] Preferably, when entering standby mode, the power management, preamplifier, and microphone are in normal working condition; the MCU system, ADC circuit, and AGC circuit are in low-power standby state, and the wireless communication circuit is in low-power data receiving state. When entering working mode, all functional modules of the micro-station are in working state; the noise monitoring micro-station can collect, analyze, calculate, and transmit data.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Firstly, it provides two power supply options to adapt to different usage environments. Secondly, it adopts miniaturized lithium batteries for battery management, which greatly reduces the size of the power management section. Thirdly, it adopts a simplified structure for noise monitoring to realize calculation and communication, which reduces the size of the noise data calculation and transmission section compared to the previous split type. Finally, it provides two transmission technologies to cope with different usage scenarios. Through the combination of these aspects, it achieves low power consumption and miniaturization of the noise monitoring station, and can also be easily installed in any fixed place such as walls, tree trunks, and power poles to achieve high-density deployment. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is the electrical block diagram for a practical high-density deployment microstation;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a deployment diagram of the base station transmission method for this practical application;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a deployment diagram for the cascaded network transmission method in this practical application. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations, including a capacitive sensor, a preamplifier, an ADC circuit, an AGC control circuit, an MCU system, and a wireless communication module. The capacitive sensor is used as an acoustic-to-electrical conversion device to convert noise signals into analog electrical signals. The preamplifier is used to amplify the analog signals by a certain factor. The ADC circuit is used as an analog-to-digital conversion circuit to convert analog electrical signals into digital electrical signals. The AGC control circuit is used as an automatic gain control circuit to avoid distortion of analog signals. The MCU system is used to process, calculate, and store the received data, and control the AGC amplification factor and communication mode. The wireless communication module is used to transmit the data processed by the micro-station MCU system to the outside world through long-distance wireless communication technology, or to receive external data.
[0025] The wireless communication module is divided into two circuits: Wireless Communication Circuit 1 and Wireless Communication Circuit 2. Wireless Communication Circuit 1 uses a telecommunications base station for communication. Within the coverage area of the base station, the communication distance is relatively long, enabling high-density deployment of micro-stations. Wireless Communication Circuit 2 uses micro-station relay cascading technology, with a shorter communication distance. It can network with other micro-stations and perform multi-level forwarding through other micro-stations until the data is received at the data receiving end, at which point a receipt command is sent to the micro-station, thus achieving high-density deployment of micro-stations. The input power supply for the preamplifier is a power management module, which includes a solar panel, a solar DC-DC converter module, mains power, and AC power. The system consists of a DC converter module, a power management circuit module, and a lithium battery. The mains power is industrial frequency AC. The solar panel, specifically a solar cell, converts solar energy into electrical energy. The solar DC-DC converter module converts unstable solar energy into stable DC power. The AC-DC converter module converts AC mains power into stable low-voltage DC power. The power management circuit module manages battery charging and discharging, provides multiple power sources for the system, monitors voltage and current, and performs power protection control. The lithium battery stores electrical energy and provides power when needed. When sunlight is insufficient and mains power is readily available, the power management module converts mains power into AC power. The DC-DC converter circuit powers the system. When mains power is unavailable and sunlight is abundant, it is powered by solar energy. In low light conditions or at night, it is powered by batteries. The power management circuit module's default outputs are the preamplifier power supply (PrePwr) and the system power supply (SysPwr). The system power supply (SysPwr) powers the ADC circuit, AGC circuit, MCU system, and communication circuit. After a power outage, the system immediately switches to lithium battery power for the preamplifier and system. Once mains and solar power are restored, the system resumes charging the battery and stops supplying power to the lithium battery, ensuring battery capacity and device endurance. The solar panel converts solar energy into unstable DC power. The solar-powered DC-DC converter transforms the mains power into stable DC power, which then enters the power management circuit module. The AC-DC converter transforms the mains power into stable low-voltage DC power, which also enters the power management circuit module. The power supply method depends on the lighting conditions and the availability of mains power. In standby mode, the power management, preamplifier, and microphone operate normally; the MCU system, ADC circuit, and AGC circuit are in low-power standby mode, and the wireless communication circuit is in low-power data reception mode. In working mode, all functional modules of the micro-station are operational; the noise monitoring micro-station can collect, analyze, calculate, and transmit data.
[0026] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: The working principle of this utility model is: the output voltage of the preamplifier Vout = Vin * Av, where Vout represents the output voltage of the preamplifier, Vin represents the input voltage of the preamplifier, and Av represents the amplification factor of the preamplifier, which is given by the AGC control circuit. When the microphone signal is lower than the threshold Vth, the preamplifier is always in monitoring mode, and the other circuits are in low-power standby mode. When the ADC circuit starts and collects the first audio sine wave signal, if the sine wave signal has truncated distortion (greater than Vcc), the current amplification factor is reduced, and the corresponding amplification factor Av1 is output from the AGC controller. If the amplitude of the sine wave signal is less than 1 / 2 Vcc of the maximum voltage amplitude, the current amplification factor is increased, and Av2 is output from the AGC. The MCU system receives the signal from the ADC circuit. After obtaining the correct noise data, the Laeq statistics of the noise data will be performed. At the same time, data sent by the wireless transmission circuit will be received, processed, and the wireless transmission circuit will be woken up before data transmission. The selection of the wireless transmission circuit needs to be based on the actual situation such as the equipment installation environment and geographical location. If data is transmitted through a telecommunications base station and the communication distance is long, wireless communication circuit one is selected. The circuit is only woken up when the MCU system sends data. After the data is sent, it enters sleep mode to receive data returned by the wireless communication device data terminal. If data is transmitted through micro-station cascading and the communication distance is short, mode two is selected. The circuit is in a low-power data receiving state when not sending data. After receiving data, it will wake up the MCU system, send the data to the MCU system, and then enter sleep mode to receive data, waiting for the MCU system to send data to wake it up.
[0027] Example 2
[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is an application example of 7 micro stations plus 1 micro station terminal. The micro stations are responsible for collecting noise signals over a large area and sending the collected noise data from each station to the base station. The base station then forwards the data to the micro station terminal, which then processes the data to generate the noise data of the micro station terminal and the 7 micro station sites, which is the real-time noise value of the area covered by the 7 micro stations.
[0029] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The telecommunications base station receives the data sent by the micro-station and completes the forwarding to the micro-station terminal. Each micro-station and micro-station terminal are in real-time working mode. The micro-station data is transmitted to the micro-station terminal through the base station. In the micro-station terminal, the system updates every minute to check whether there is noise data for each micro-station. The station with noise data displays the transmitted data value, and the station without noise data displays the last transmitted value and indicates that the device is offline until the data transmission is updated. In the sub-station, a noise map combining noise data and location can be generated based on the received real-time micro-station noise data and location information. If combined with software adjustment, a high-precision real-time noise map covering the area can be formed.
[0030] Example 3
[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is an application example of 10 microstations and 1 microstation terminal. The microstations are responsible for collecting noise signals over a large area and sending the collected noise data from each station to the microstation terminal. Then, after processing by the microstation terminal, the noise data of the microstation terminal and the 10 microstations can be generated, which is the real-time noise value of the area covered by the 10 microstations.
[0032] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Based on the distance from the micro-station to the micro-station terminal, the micro-stations are divided into three layers, with the distance to the central station as follows: first layer < second layer < third layer. In the figure, micro-stations 1, 2, and 3 are within the first layer distance; micro-stations 4, 5, 6, and 7 are within the second layer distance; and micro-stations 8, 9, and 10 are within the third layer. Data from each micro-station within the third layer is forwarded from the micro-station closest to it in the second layer to the first layer, and then forwarded from the micro-station closest to it in the first layer to the micro-station terminal. Each micro-station transmits data layer by layer inward according to its distance to the micro-station terminal, eventually reaching the micro-station terminal. Meanwhile, the micro-stations in the first layer transmit data point-to-point to the micro-station terminal. The signal flow direction is shown by the arrows in the figure, sent from the periphery to the center.
[0033] Each micro-station and its terminal operates in real-time. The micro-station terminal updates the status of each micro-station every minute to check for noise data. Stations with noise data display the transmitted data value, while stations without noise data display the last transmitted value and indicate that the device is offline until data transmission is updated. Within the sub-stations, a noise map combining noise data and location information can be generated. With software adjustments, a high-precision real-time noise map covering the entire area can be created.
[0034] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0035] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. High-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations, characterized by: The system includes a capacitive sensor, a preamplifier, an ADC circuit, an AGC control circuit, an MCU system, and a wireless communication module. The capacitive sensor is used for sound-to-electric conversion, converting noise signals into analog electrical signals. The preamplifier amplifies the analog signals by a certain factor. The ADC circuit is used for analog-to-digital conversion, converting analog electrical signals into digital electrical signals. The AGC control circuit is used for automatic gain control to avoid distortion of analog signals. The MCU system processes, calculates, and stores received data, and controls the AGC amplification factor and communication mode. The wireless communication module is used to transmit data processed by the micro-station MCU system via long-distance wireless communication technology or to receive external data.
2. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication module is divided into wireless communication circuit one and wireless communication circuit two. Wireless communication circuit one uses telecommunications base station communication. If within the coverage area of the telecommunications base station, the communication distance is relatively long, enabling high-density deployment of micro-stations. Wireless communication circuit two uses micro-station site relay cascading technology. The communication distance is relatively short, and it can network with other micro-stations. Through other micro-stations, multi-level forwarding is performed until the data is received by the data receiving end, which then issues a receipt instruction to the micro-station, thereby achieving high-density deployment of micro-stations.
3. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The input power supply of the preamplifier is a power management module, which includes a solar panel, a solar DC-DC converter module, mains power, an AC-DC converter module, a power management circuit module, and a lithium battery. The mains power is industrial frequency AC power. The solar panel is specifically a solar cell panel used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The solar DC-DC converter module converts unstable solar energy into stable DC power. The AC-DC converter module is used to convert AC mains power into stable low-voltage DC power. The power management circuit module is responsible for battery charging and discharging management, providing multiple power sources required by the system, monitoring power voltage and current, and performing power protection control. The lithium battery is used to store electrical energy and provide power when the system needs it.
4. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply management module supplies power to the system from mains electricity via an AC-DC conversion circuit when there is insufficient sunlight and mains power is readily available. When mains power is inconvenient and there is sufficient sunlight, the system is powered by solar energy. When there is insufficient sunlight or at night, the system is powered by batteries.
5. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The default outputs of the power management circuit module are the preamplifier power supply PrePwr and the system power supply SysPwr. The system power supply SysPwr powers the ADC circuit, AGC circuit, MCU system, and communication circuit.
6. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 4, characterized in that: After a power outage, the mains power and solar power immediately switch to lithium battery to power the preamplifier and system. After the mains power and solar power are restored, the battery continues to charge and the lithium battery stops supplying power, thus ensuring battery capacity and equipment endurance.
7. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar panel converts light energy into unstable direct current, which is then converted into stable direct current by the solar DC-DC converter module and enters the power management circuit module. The mains power is converted into stable low-voltage direct current by the AC-DC converter module and enters the power management circuit module. The power supply method is determined according to the lighting conditions and the availability of mains power.
8. The high-density deployment of noise monitoring micro-stations according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: When entering standby mode, the power management, preamplifier, and microphone are in normal working condition; the MCU system, ADC circuit, and AGC circuit are in low-power standby mode, and the wireless communication circuit is in low-power data receiving mode. When entering working mode, all functional modules of the micro-station are in working condition; the noise monitoring micro-station can collect, analyze, calculate, and transmit data.