Angular pinch field anti-configuration power supply and system
By improving the transformer secondary output design of the inverted field power supply and the high-voltage DC source to share the input power, the problems of complex circuits and mutual interference in traditional devices were solved, thereby improving stability and reliability and reducing design difficulty and cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520049196.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-09
AI Technical Summary
Traditional forming field inversion devices require complex electrical circuit structures to meet the needs of different operating currents and voltages of the load, and the circuits interfere with each other severely, resulting in insufficient system stability and reliability.
By improving upon the traditional inverse configuration power supply for forming field, a transformer secondary output design is adopted to meet the different operating voltage and current requirements of the θ-pinch coil. The input power is distributed by using a high-voltage DC source, and the resonant branch structure is optimized by combining the series or parallel connection of the transformer.
It improves the stability and reliability of the system, reduces the design difficulty and cost, realizes the distribution of input power, reduces the impact of component failure, and improves the safety and reliability of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223797153U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nuclear fusion power supply design technology, specifically to an angular pinch field inverse configuration power supply and system. Background Technology
[0002] Deuterium-deuterium and deuterium-tritium fusion are two common forms of nuclear fusion reactions with potential energy utilization value. Nuclear fusion refers to the process by which two lighter atomic nuclei (such as deuterium and tritium nuclei) combine under high temperature and pressure to form a heavier atomic nucleus and release energy. This is how the Sun and other stars continuously generate energy.
[0003] With the ever-increasing global demand for clean energy, the research significance and application prospects of deuterium-deuterium and deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion as potential energy sources are attracting increasing attention. It is estimated that nuclear fusion could meet humanity's energy needs for millions of years.
[0004] Fusion fuels are abundant and readily available: deuterium can be cheaply extracted from seawater, while tritium can be produced using abundant natural lithium. Unlike traditional reactors that use uranium and plutonium fission materials, deuterium-deuterium and deuterium-tritium fusion reactors do not produce highly radioactive, long-term nuclear waste. Fusion reactors will not experience core meltdown due to uncontrollable high temperatures caused by nuclear reactions. If the situation gets out of control, the fusion reaction will immediately terminate, preventing irreparable damage.
[0005] Nuclear fusion does not produce greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, making it environmentally friendly and a clean, controllable, and safe energy source. Deuterium-deuterium or deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion can play a role in mitigating climate change in the future as a clean energy source. Utility Model Content
[0006] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is that traditional forming field inversion devices require complex electrical circuit structures to meet the needs of different operating currents and voltages of the load, and the circuits often interfere with each other severely. The purpose of this invention is to provide an angular pinch field inversion power supply and system. This solution improves the structure of the traditional forming field inversion power supply technology by designing the secondary output of the transformer to meet the different operating voltages and currents of the θ-pinch coil. At the same time, the outputs of each transformer come from different high-voltage DC sources, which realizes the distribution of input power and improves the stability and reliability of the system.
[0007] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0008] This solution provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply, including: an AC source, N resonant branches, N transformers, and an angular pinch coil;
[0009] The AC power source is electrically connected to N resonant branches to provide AC power; the AC power source is connected to N resonant branches respectively;
[0010] Each resonant branch is connected to the angular clamping coil via a transformer; the resonant branch is electrically connected to the primary side of the transformer; the secondary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the angular clamping coil.
[0011] The working principle of this solution: Traditional forming field inversion devices require complex electrical circuit structures to meet the needs of different operating currents and voltages of the load, and the circuits often interfere with each other severely. The purpose of this utility model is to provide an angular pinch field inversion power supply and system. This solution improves the structure of traditional forming field inversion power supply technology by designing the secondary output of the transformer to meet the different operating voltages and currents of the θ-pinch coil. At the same time, the outputs of each transformer come from different high-voltage DC sources, which realizes the distribution of input power and improves the stability and reliability of the system.
[0012] A further optimization scheme is to connect the secondary sides of all transformers in parallel to the angular clamping coil.
[0013] A further optimization scheme is that the turns ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is <1, or the turns ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is >1.
[0014] A further optimized solution is to connect the secondary sides of all transformers in series from beginning to end to the angular clamping coil.
[0015] A further optimized scheme is as follows: the resonant branch includes: a high-voltage DC power supply, a first switch, a capacitor, a discharge branch, and a second switch; the AC source is connected to the high-voltage DC power supply, which is used to convert AC power into high-voltage DC power.
[0016] A further optimized solution is that the positive output terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected in series with the first switch and the second switch and then connected to the same-name terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the opposite-name terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply.
[0017] One end of the discharge branch is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage DC power supply.
[0018] The capacitors are connected in parallel on both sides of the discharge branch.
[0019] A further optimized solution is that the discharge branch includes an energy storage device and a third switch; one end of the energy storage device is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected in series with the third switch and then connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply.
[0020] A further optimized solution is that the energy storage device includes an energy storage battery, a supercapacitor, or a vanadium redox flow battery, etc.
[0021] A further optimized solution is that the AC source includes a mains power source.
[0022] This solution also provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply system, including the aforementioned angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0024] 1. This utility model provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply and system. This solution improves the structure based on the traditional forming field reverse configuration power supply technology. Through the secondary output design of the transformer, it meets the different working voltage and current requirements of the θ-pinch coil. At the same time, the output of each transformer comes from different high voltage DC sources, realizing the distribution of input power and improving the stability and reliability of the system.
[0025] 2. This utility model provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply and system, based on a distributed high voltage DC source input, and disperses the second-order resonant circuit to each branch, reducing the design difficulty and cost of the main power devices; the pulse energy of the second-order resonant circuit of each branch is transmitted to the θ-pinch coil through a transformer to achieve electrical isolation between the primary and secondary sides;
[0026] 3. This utility model provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply and system. By processing the series or parallel connection of the transformer secondary output, it can meet both the requirements of the θ-pinch coil for the peak pulse voltage and the peak pulse current, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the system. The parallel connection of the transformer secondary output can also realize n+1 redundancy design, which can further improve the stability and reliability of the system. Attached Figure Description
[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the inverse configuration power supply structure of the angular pinch field;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a traditional field inversion configuration device;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a reverse-configuration power supply structure with angular pinch field output from a transformer connected in parallel. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.
[0032] Field-reversed configuration (FRC) is a common confined plasma configuration. Angular pinching (θ-pinch) is the most traditional and common method for forming field-reversed configurations, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the traditional field-inverting configuration device mainly consists of four electrical branches (①, ②, ③, ④), a magnet coil ⑤, and a vacuum chamber ⑥. Each branch consists of a capacitor and a switch. Branch ① is the field-inverting branch; branch ② is the pre-ionization branch; branch ③ is the bias branch; and branch ④ is the freewheeling / energy-discharging branch. The sequential discharge of the coils by the four branches corresponds to the four stages of the field-inverting plasma formation process. The θ-pinch coil ⑤ of the field-inverting configuration can be regarded as an inductor. The function of branch ① is to generate a reversing magnetic field; the function of branch ② is to ionize neutral gas at high frequency to form plasma; the function of branch ③ is to generate a bias magnetic field in the quartz tube; during the sequential operation of the first three branches, branch ④ is in the off state. After the operation of the preceding branches is completed, branch ④ is turned on, providing a release path for the energy stored in the θ-pinch coil inductance (branch 5).
[0033] Traditional field-reversing configuration devices contain four branches, with each branch (1, 2, and 3) containing capacitors of varying electrical parameters. During operation, different charging circuits are required to pre-charge these capacitors before driving the switching transistors to close the circuit. This causes the capacitors in these branches to resonate with the inductance of the coils, generating sufficient current and voltage spikes. These charging circuits make the system more complex and bulky, with cumbersome wiring, prone to poor contact and short circuits between different branches. Considering the complexity of the device, traditional field-reversing configuration devices contain multiple sets of coils. If each set of coils requires four branch circuits, the system, including the corresponding charging circuits for each branch, becomes extremely large and complex. Furthermore, system safety and operational safety issues arise.
[0034] In view of this, the present solution provides the following embodiments to solve the above-mentioned technical problems:
[0035] Example 1
[0036] This embodiment provides a angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an AC source, N resonant branches, N transformers, and angular clamping coils;
[0037] The AC power source is electrically connected to N resonant branches to provide AC power; the AC power source is connected to N resonant branches respectively;
[0038] Each resonant branch is connected to the angular clamping coil via a transformer; the resonant branch is electrically connected to the primary side of the transformer; the secondary side of the transformer is electrically connected to the angular clamping coil.
[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the secondary sides of all transformers are connected in series from end to end and then connected to the angular clamping coil.
[0040] The resonant branch includes: a high-voltage DC power supply, a first switch, a capacitor, a discharge branch, and a second switch; the AC source is connected to the high-voltage DC power supply, which is used to convert AC power into high-voltage DC power.
[0041] The positive output terminal of the high voltage DC power supply is connected in series with the first switch and the second switch and then connected to the same-name terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the opposite-name terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage DC power supply.
[0042] One end of the discharge branch is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the high voltage DC power supply.
[0043] The discharge branch includes an energy storage device and a third switch; one end of the energy storage device is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected in series with the third switch and then connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage DC power supply.
[0044] The energy storage device includes energy storage batteries, supercapacitors, or vanadium redox flow batteries, etc.
[0045] The AC source includes the mains power supply. Capacitors are connected in parallel on both sides of the discharge branch.
[0046] Taking branch 1 as an example, the AC power is converted into DC power suitable for capacitor 1 by the high-voltage DC source 1. When it is determined that capacitor 1 is fully charged, switch 1-1 is opened and switch 1-2 is turned on. Capacitor 1 discharges rapidly and resonates with the leakage inductance of the primary side of the transformer. During this process, switch 1-3 of the discharge branch is always in the off state. The second-order resonance will generate a voltage V on the primary side of the transformer. P1 and current I P1 According to the working principle of a transformer, when the ratio of the primary to secondary windings of the transformer is less than 1, i.e., n < 1, it means that the transformer can output a smaller output voltage V. S and a larger output current I S .
[0047] When the work is completed and the energy stored in the θ-pinch coil inductance needs to be released, switches 1-3, 2-3...n-3 of the discharge branches on the primary side of each transformer are turned on, and the energy stored in the inductance is consumed by the resistance of these discharge branches. Alternatively, the resistors can be replaced with energy storage devices, such as transformer energy recovery and storage systems or flywheel energy storage systems, to achieve energy recovery and improve system efficiency.
[0048] In this scheme, the secondary windings of all transformers are connected in series to the θ-pinch coil; this satisfies both the high pulse voltage and large pulse current requirements of the θ-pinch coil; at this time, the voltage of the θ-pinch coil can be expressed in V. S1 +V S2 +……V Sn This means that the current flowing through the θ-pinch coil is I. S1 =I S2 =……=I Sn ;
[0049] By connecting the secondary outputs of the transformers in series, the output voltages of each transformer can be superimposed to meet the operating voltage requirements of the θ-pinch coil. At the same time, by selecting the ratio n of the primary and secondary windings of the transformers, the operating current requirements of the θ-pinch coil can also be met.
[0050] In addition, this solution effectively distributes the peak power of the θ-pinch coil, and the electrical parameters (peak voltage, peak current, peak power) of the second-order resonant circuit on the primary side of each transformer can be controlled within a small range. This allows for the selection of lower-cost components to meet design requirements, thereby reducing costs.
[0051] In this scheme, the output of each transformer comes from a different high-voltage DC source, which realizes the distribution of input power and helps to reduce the design difficulty of the high-voltage DC source. In addition, the discharge branch of the entire system also realizes a distributed design. Taking branch 1 as an example, the performance requirements of switch 1-1, switch 1-2 and switch 1-3 are also reduced, which can reduce related costs and avoid the problem that the energy of the θ-pinch coil cannot be dissipated due to the failure of components in the discharge path.
[0052] Example 2
[0053] Similarly, in Example 1, the output of the transformer is superimposed using a voltage superposition method, and the secondary output current of each branch transformer is the same. In this example, the primary-to-secondary turns ratio n>1, and the output voltage of the transformer is relatively small, so multiple transformers need to be connected in series. The output of the secondary current is Is=-n*Ip, and the corresponding secondary voltage is Vs=Vp / n. Therefore, the secondary voltages need to be connected in series to meet the high voltage requirement.
[0054] like Figure 3 As shown in Example 2, the secondary windings of all transformers are connected in parallel to the θ-pinch coil. To meet the operating voltage requirements of the θ-pinch coil, the ratio of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer, n, needs to be less than 1. Thus, the voltage value of the transformer secondary winding is Vs = n * Vp, and the corresponding current of the transformer secondary winding is Is = -Ip / n. Therefore, multiple transformer secondary windings need to be connected in parallel to meet the high current requirements.
[0055] In this scheme, the input of the transformer achieves power distribution, reducing the electrical performance requirements of key power devices, thereby reducing costs and design difficulty; at the same time, it realizes the distributed design of the discharge branch, so that even if some discharge branches fail, it will not affect the safe and stable operation of the system; since the secondary output of the transformer is connected in parallel, an n+1 redundancy design can also be realized to improve the stability and reliability of the system.
[0056] Example 3
[0057] This embodiment provides an angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply system, including the angular pinch field reverse configuration power supply described in Embodiment 1.
[0058] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A theta pinch power supply characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of angular pinch field power supplies, comprising: AC source, N resonant branches, N transformers and angular pinch coil; The AC source is electrically connected with N resonant branches for providing AC power;The AC source is connected to N resonant branches respectively. Each resonant branch is connected to angular pinch coil through a transformer respectively;The resonant branch is electrically connected to the primary side of the transformer;The secondary side of the transformer is electrically connected to angular pinch coil.
2. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 1, wherein The secondary sides of all transformers are connected to angular pinch coil in parallel.
3. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 2 wherein, The turns ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is <1, or the turns ratio of the primary winding to the secondary winding of the transformer is >1.
4. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 1, wherein The secondary sides of all transformers are connected to angular pinch coil in series.
5. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The resonant branch comprises high-voltage DC power supply, first switch, capacitor, discharge branch and second switch;The AC source is connected to high-voltage DC power supply, and high-voltage DC power supply is used to convert AC power into high-voltage DC power.
6. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 5 wherein, The output positive pole of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the same name end of the primary side of the transformer in series with the first switch and the second switch, and the different name end of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC power supply; One end of the discharge branch is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC power supply; The capacitor is connected in parallel between the two sides of the discharge branch.
7. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 6 wherein, The discharge branch comprises energy storage device and third switch;One end of the energy storage device is connected between the first switch and the second switch, and the other end is connected to the negative pole of the high-voltage DC power supply in series with the third switch.
8. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 7 wherein, The energy storage device comprises energy storage battery, super capacitor or vanadium flow battery.
9. A theta-pinch field-reverse-configuration power supply as in claim 1, wherein The AC source comprises grid power supply.
10. A theta pinch field-reversal power system characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of angular pinch field power supplies, comprising: Any one of claims 1-9.