Battery cell, battery and electric device

Abstract

A battery cell (100), a battery (200), and an electric device (1000), the battery cell (100) comprising: a housing (10) provided with a pressure relief structure (11); and the protection device (20) has a first state and a second state, the protection device (20) is located at a shielding position for shielding the pressure relief structure (11) in the first state, and the protection device (20) leaves the shielding position in the second state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, a battery contains multiple battery cells. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the substances ejected from the thermally runaway cell (e.g., gas, liquid, solid particles) are at a high temperature. When these substances spray onto battery cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, they can easily damage the pressure relief structure of those cells, causing them to experience thermal runaway. This leads to heat propagation within the battery and reduces its safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one objective of this application is to provide a battery cell that, when installed inside a battery, effectively prevents high-temperature substances ejected from a battery cell that has experienced thermal runaway from damaging the pressure relief structure of a battery cell that has not experienced thermal runaway, thereby preventing thermal runaway from occurring in a battery cell that has not yet experienced thermal runaway and improving battery safety.

[0004] This application further proposes a battery cell.

[0005] This application further proposes a battery.

[0006] This application further proposes an electrical device.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a single battery cell, comprising:

[0008] The outer casing is equipped with a pressure relief structure;

[0009] The protective device has a first state and a second state relative to the outer shell. In the first state, the protective device is located in a shielding position that shields the pressure relief structure. In the second state, the protective device is away from the shielding position.

[0010] In the above technical solution, by setting up a protective device, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the material inside the battery cell is ejected from the pressure relief structure. Under pressure, the protective device switches from a first state to a second state, allowing the material inside the battery cell to be smoothly ejected from the outside of the battery cell, preventing the battery cell from exploding. Furthermore, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the protective device can protect its corresponding pressure relief structure, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell from damaging the pressure relief structure of the battery cell that has not experienced thermal runaway. This prevents the battery cell that has not experienced thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway, effectively avoiding heat propagation within the battery and improving battery safety.

[0011] In some examples of this application, the protective device includes a protective member fixedly disposed on the housing.

[0012] In some examples of this application, the battery cell further includes: a first protrusion, the first protrusion being disposed on the outer surface of the housing and surrounding the pressure relief structure, and the protective member being fixed to the end of the first protrusion away from the housing.

[0013] In some examples of this application, the first boss is constructed as a ring.

[0014] In some examples of this application, the end of the first boss away from the housing is provided with a recess, and the protective member is installed in the recess.

[0015] In some examples of this application, the bottom wall of the settling tank is used to support the protective member.

[0016] In some examples of this application, the connection area between the protective member and the first boss is S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief structure is S2, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.2.

[0017] In some examples of this application, the battery cell further includes a second boss, which is disposed on the outer surface of the housing and located inside the first boss, and the second boss is used to support the protective member.

[0018] In some examples of this application, the second boss is constructed as a ring.

[0019] In some examples of this application, the second boss is constructed as a plurality of them, and the plurality of second bosses are arranged at intervals.

[0020] In some examples of this application, the protective member is provided with a first limiting part, and the first boss is provided with a second limiting part corresponding to the first limiting part. The first limiting part and the second limiting part cooperate to limit the movement of the protective member relative to the first boss.

[0021] In some examples of this application, the first limiting part is one of the limiting groove and the limiting boss, and the second limiting part is the other of the limiting groove and the limiting boss, wherein the limiting boss is installed in the limiting groove.

[0022] In some examples of this application, the battery cell further includes a third protrusion, which is disposed on the outer surface of the housing and surrounds the protective member.

[0023] In some examples of this application, the third boss is constructed as a ring.

[0024] In some examples of this application, the protective element is connected to the housing.

[0025] In some examples of this application, the connection area between the protective component and the outer shell is S3, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief structure is S4, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.2.

[0026] In some examples of this application, the first boss is integrally formed with or detachably connected to the housing.

[0027] In some examples of this application, the second boss is integrally formed with or detachably connected to the housing.

[0028] In some examples of this application, the third boss is integrally formed with or detachably connected to the housing.

[0029] In some examples of this application, the protective device includes a protective member movably disposed on the housing.

[0030] In some examples of this application, the protective device further includes a drive mechanism, the protective component being connected to the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism being used to drive the protective component to switch to the first state or the second state.

[0031] In some examples of this application, the protective member is pivotally disposed on the housing, and the drive mechanism is used to drive the protective member to rotate to the first state or the second state.

[0032] In some examples of this application, the protective member is provided with a pivot shaft, the protective member is rotatably mounted to the housing via the pivot shaft, the pivot shaft is provided with a first gear, the drive mechanism includes a drive motor, and the output shaft of the drive motor is provided with a second gear that meshes with the first gear.

[0033] In some examples of this application, the drive mechanism is used to drive the protective member to move to the first state or the second state.

[0034] In some examples of this application, the outer surface of the housing is provided with an annular seal, the annular seal is arranged around the pressure relief structure, and when the protective member is in the first state, the annular seal abuts against the protective member.

[0035] In some examples of this application, the protective component is constructed as a metal component or a high-temperature resistant insulating component.

[0036] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a single battery cell, comprising:

[0037] The outer casing is equipped with a pressure relief structure;

[0038] A protective device, wherein the protective device is configured as a one-way valve and is disposed on the housing, the one-way valve being disposed outside the pressure relief structure, wherein the one-way valve is adapted to be unidirectionally open so that substances discharged from the pressure relief structure are discharged through the one-way valve.

[0039] In some examples of this application, the housing is provided with poles, and the poles and the pressure relief structure are located on different walls of the housing.

[0040] In some examples of this application, the housing has opposing first and second walls, the pole is disposed on the first wall, and the pressure relief structure is disposed on the second wall.

[0041] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery, including the aforementioned battery cell.

[0042] In some examples of this application, the battery further includes:

[0043] The discharge component defines a discharge channel and has opposing first and second sidewalls. Both the first and second sidewalls are provided with a connecting portion that communicates with the discharge channel. The connecting portions of the first and second sidewalls are opposite to or offset from each other.

[0044] The battery cells are provided on both sides of the discharge component, and the protective devices of the battery cells are opposite to the corresponding connecting portions.

[0045] In some examples of this application, the battery further includes a housing, wherein the discharge device and the battery cell are both disposed within the housing.

[0046] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the battery described above.

[0047] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a battery according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a battery with an exhaust component according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the battery discharge component and battery cell according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protective device of a battery cell in a first state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protective device of a battery cell in a second state according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell with a first boss and a second boss according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell with a third protrusion according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application, which includes a drive mechanism, a protective component, and an annular seal.

[0058] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell equipped with a one-way valve according to an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 12 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the emission component and multiple battery cells according to an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 13 This is an exploded view of a battery cell according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0062] Some electrical appliances 1000 (such as Figure 1 ) Uses battery 200 (e.g.) Figure 2 The power supply for the power-consuming device 1000 can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft. This application uses a vehicle as an example to illustrate the power-consuming device 100. The battery 200 can include various forms of battery cells 100 (i.e., battery cells), and the battery 200 may or may not include a casing 206.

[0063] In recent years, new energy vehicles have experienced rapid development. In the field of electric vehicles, the battery plays an irreplaceable and crucial role as the power source. As a core component of new energy vehicles, the battery has high requirements in terms of both safety and cycle life.

[0064] The applicant discovered that when a single cell in an existing battery experiences thermal runaway, it can easily cause other cells that have not yet experienced thermal runaway to also experience thermal runaway, leading to heat propagation within the battery and reducing battery safety. Alternatively, when the venting structure is used between two opposing cells, if one cell vents air into the venting structure between the two cells in the opposite direction, the resulting high-temperature emissions or even flames can easily cause the other cell to run away from the battery, leading to the spread of the runaway state within the battery and potentially causing fires, explosions, or other safety accidents. Based on this, the applicant provides a single cell 100, a battery 200, and an electrical device 1000.

[0065] The following is for reference. Figures 2-10 The battery cell 100 according to an embodiment of this application is described. The battery cell 100 can be disposed within the battery 200, and the battery cell 100 can be a battery cell. In this application, the battery cell 100 can include lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion primary batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. The battery cell 100 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this. The battery cell 100 is generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cell 100, square battery cell 100, and pouch battery cell 100, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0066] The battery 200 mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells 100 to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery 200 mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. The battery 200 generally includes a housing 206 for encapsulating one or more battery cells 100 or multiple battery modules. The housing 206 can prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells 100.

[0067] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the battery cell 100 according to an embodiment of this application includes: a housing 10 and a protective device 20. The battery cell 100 also includes an electrode assembly 80. The housing 10 defines an installation space, and the electrode assembly 80 is disposed within the installation space. The electrode assembly 80 includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator. The separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrode plates. The positive electrode plate, negative electrode plate, and separator together constitute the electrode assembly 80. Further, as... Figure 13 As shown, the housing 10 may include a cover plate 15 and a housing body 16. The housing body 16 defines an assembly groove with one end open. The cover plate 15 is connected to the housing body 16 and closes the open end of the assembly groove to form an installation space. The housing 10 is provided with a pressure relief structure 11, which may be an explosion-proof valve. The protective device 20 has a first state and a second state relative to the housing 10. In the first state, the protective device 20 is located in the blocking position of the pressure relief structure 11. At this time, the pressure relief structure 11 is completely blocked by the protective device 20. The protective device 20 may be directly or indirectly fixedly installed on the housing 10, such as... Figure 6 As shown, in the first state, the pressure relief structure 11 is completely shielded by the protective device 20. In the second state, the protective device 20 leaves the shielding position. It should be noted that in the second state, the protective device 20 may shield a portion of the pressure relief structure 11 relative to the outer shell 10, or it may not shield the pressure relief structure 11. Both shielding and not shielding the pressure relief structure 11 are considered part of the second state of the protective device 20 relative to the outer shell 10. In the second state, at least a portion of the structure of the protective device 20 is separated from the outer shell 10, so that the protective device 20 either shields a portion of the pressure relief structure 11 or does not shield the pressure relief structure 11.

[0068] The protective device 20 can be made of high-temperature resistant fireproof material, such as mica plate or steel plate, and is installed outside the outer casing 10. Specifically, when the battery cell 100 does not experience thermal runaway, the protective device 20 is in a first state relative to the outer casing 10. The protective device 20 is directly or indirectly fixed to the outer casing 10 and is located in the shielding position of the pressure relief structure 11, at which time the pressure relief structure 11 is completely shielded. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the outer casing 10 increases. When the pressure inside the outer casing 10 reaches a certain value, the substances inside the outer casing 10 (such as gas, liquid, or solid particles) are ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. The protective device 20 moves from the first state to the second state, ensuring that the substances inside the battery cell 100 are smoothly ejected from the outside of the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the protective device 20 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway is in a first state relative to the outer casing 10. The pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway is shielded by the protective device 20. The protective device 20 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway can protect its corresponding pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected by the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway. This effectively prevents thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, effectively avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0069] Therefore, by setting up the protective device 20, when the battery cell 100 itself experiences thermal runaway, the material inside the battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. Under pressure, the protective device 20 switches from the first state to the second state, allowing the material inside the battery cell 100 to be smoothly ejected from the outside of the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding. Furthermore, when the battery cell 100 inside the battery 200 experiences thermal runaway, the protective device 20 can protect its corresponding pressure relief structure 11, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from damaging the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, thus preventing the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway, effectively preventing heat spread within the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0070] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6As shown, the protective device 20 may include a protective component 21. The protective component 21 can be a structural component such as a mica plate or a steel plate, but this application is not limited to this. The protective component 21 can also be other high-temperature resistant fireproof components. The protective component 21 is fixedly disposed on the outer shell 10. It should be noted that the protective component 21 can be directly fixedly disposed on the outer shell 10, or the protective component 21 can be indirectly fixedly disposed on the outer shell 10 through other structural components. The protective component 21 can be fixedly disposed on the outer shell 10 by adhesive bonding, or the protective component 21 can be bonded to the outer shell 10 by structural adhesive. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the casing 10 increases. When the pressure inside the casing 10 reaches a certain value, the material inside the casing 10 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. Because the ejected material has a certain pressure, it acts on the protective member 21 after being ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, causing the protective member 21 to separate from the casing 10. At this time, at least a part of the structure of the protective member 21 is separated from the casing 10 so that at least a part of the structure of the pressure relief structure 11 is not blocked by the protective member 21. For example, under the pressure of the ejected material, the protective member 21 is detached from the casing 10, thereby ensuring that the material inside the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway is smoothly ejected from the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding.

[0071] Furthermore, when the pressure relief structures 11 of two adjacent battery cells 100 are arranged opposite each other, after the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, the material ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 acts on the opposite protective member 21, so that the protective member 21 is stably maintained in the first state. At the same time, the protective member 21 can protect the pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not cause damage to the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, effectively preventing thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, effectively avoiding heat propagation in the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0072] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the battery cell 100 may further include: a first protrusion 30, which may be made of a high-temperature resistant fireproof material. The first protrusion 30 may be disposed on the outer surface of the housing 10 and surround the pressure relief structure 11. There may be at least one first protrusion 30, for example, multiple first protrusions 30 may be arranged in the circumferential direction of the pressure relief structure 11. A single first protrusion 30 may extend along the circumferential direction of the pressure relief structure 11. A protective member 21 is fixed to the end of the first protrusion 30 away from the housing 10. In this case, the protective member 21 is indirectly fixed to the housing 10 through the first protrusion 30. Figure 8 As shown, when the battery cell 100 is... Figure 8When placed in the center, the protective member 21 is fixed to the upper end of the first protrusion 30. Preferably, the protective member 21 is bonded to the end of the first protrusion 30 away from the outer casing 10, so that the protective member 21 is spaced apart from the pressure relief structure 11. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, when the pressure inside the outer casing 10 reaches a certain value, the material inside the outer casing 10 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. After being ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, the material acts on the protective member 21, causing the protective member 21 to separate from the first protrusion 30. At this time, at least a part of the structure of the protective member 21 is separated from the first protrusion 30 so that at least a part of the structure of the pressure relief structure 11 is not blocked by the protective member 21. For example, under the pressure of the ejected material, the protective member 21 is detached from the first protrusion 30, thereby ensuring that the material inside the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway is smoothly ejected from the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding.

[0073] Furthermore, after the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, the ejected material acts on the corresponding protective component 21, thus ensuring that the protective component 21 is stably maintained in the first state. The protective component 21 can protect the pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, effectively preventing thermal runaway from occurring in the non-thermal runaway battery cell 100, effectively avoiding heat propagation within the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200. At the same time, the thermal runaway battery cell... The material inside the battery 200 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the corresponding protective component 21. The protective component 21 is supported by the first protrusion 30, which separates the protective component 21 from the pressure relief structure 11. This prevents the protective component 21 from squeezing the pressure relief structure 11 and causing damage to it. This ensures that the high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway. This further prevents the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway, further avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0074] Furthermore, the first protrusion 30 is constructed in a ring shape, and even more specifically, the first protrusion 30 is constructed in a closed-loop structure, with the first protrusion 30 surrounding the pressure relief structure 11. By constructing the first protrusion 30 in a closed-loop structure, the pressure relief structure 11 is surrounded by the first protrusion 30 in its entire circumferential direction. After the protective member 21 is adhered to the end of the first protrusion 30 away from the outer casing 10, it ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is completely covered. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward the battery cell 100 opposite it. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 spreads in all directions. By constructing the first protrusion 30 as a closed-loop structure, it is possible to prevent the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from moving through the gap between the protective member 21 and the outer casing 10 to the pressure relief structure 11. This further ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is not damaged by the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100, further prevents thermal runaway from occurring in the battery cells 100 that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, further avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0075] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, a recessed groove 31 can be provided at the end of the first boss 30 away from the outer casing 10, and the protective member 21 is installed in the recessed groove 31. Wherein, as Figure 8 As shown, when the battery cell 100 is... Figure 8 When placed in the center, the upper end of the protective component 21 is provided with a recess 31, and the protective component 21 is fixedly installed in the recess 31, for example, the protective component 21 is adhered to the recess 31. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, when the pressure inside the casing 10 reaches a certain value, the material inside the casing 10 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. After being ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, the material acts on the protective component 21, causing the protective component 21 to separate from the first protrusion 30. At this time, at least a portion of the structure of the protective component 21 is separated from the first protrusion 30 so that at least a portion of the structure of the pressure relief structure 11 is not blocked by the protective component 21. For example, under the pressure of the ejected material, the protective component 21 detaches from the first protrusion 30, thereby ensuring that the material inside the battery cell 100 experiencing thermal runaway is smoothly ejected from the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding.

[0076] Furthermore, when one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward the battery cell 100 opposite it. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 spreads in all directions. By installing the protective component 21 inside the sink 31, the inner sidewall 34 of the sink 31 can shield the protective component 21, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from moving through the gap between the protective component 21 and the first protrusion 30 to the pressure relief structure 11. This further ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is not damaged by the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100, further preventing thermal runaway from occurring in the battery cells 100 that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, and further improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the bottom wall 32 of the settling tank 31 is used to support the protective component 21. When material from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the opposing protective component 21, the bottom wall 32 of the settling tank 31 supports the protective component 21, ensuring that the protective component 21 is separated from the pressure relief structure 11. This prevents the protective component 21 from squeezing the pressure relief structure 11 and causing damage, thus ensuring that the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the non-thermally runaway battery cell 100. This further prevents thermal runaway in the non-thermally runaway battery cell 100, further avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0078] Furthermore, the connection area between the protective component 21 and the first protrusion 30 is S1, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief structure 11 is S2, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.2. Taking the example of the protective component 21 being bonded to the first protrusion 30, the bonding area between the protective component 21 and the first protrusion 30 is S1, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.2, for example, S1 / S2 is 0.15. By ensuring 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.2, it can be guaranteed that the protective component 21 is reliably installed on the first protrusion 30. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the material ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 acts on the protective component 21, ensuring that the protective component 21 separates from the first protrusion 30, thereby ensuring the smooth ejection of material from the battery cell 100. Meanwhile, when one or more battery cells 100 in the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward the battery cell 100 opposite it. After the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is sprayed onto the protective component 21 of other battery cells 100, by ensuring that 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.2, the protective component 21 can be prevented from separating from the first protrusion 30.

[0079] In some specific embodiments of this application, the first boss 30 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10 or is detachably connected. When the first boss 30 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10, the first boss 30 and the outer shell 10 can be set as an integrally formed part, which improves the connection strength between the first boss 30 and the outer shell 10, can prevent the first boss 30 and the outer shell 10 from separating, and can also reduce the number of molds for producing battery cells 100, thereby reducing mold development costs and thus reducing the production cost of battery cells 100.

[0080] Alternatively, the first boss 30 can be detachably connected to the outer casing 10 by bolts, or the first boss 30 can be detachably connected to the outer casing 10 by a snap-fit ​​structure. By detachably connecting the first boss 30 to the outer casing 10, the structure of the outer casing 10 can be simplified, the production difficulty of the outer casing 10 can be reduced, and the production efficiency of the outer casing 10 can be improved.

[0081] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the battery cell 100 may further include a second protrusion 40, which is disposed on the outer surface of the housing 10 and located inside the first protrusion 30. The second protrusion 40 is located between the first protrusion 30 and the pressure relief structure 11, and is used to support the protective member 21. After the protective member 21 is installed on the first protrusion 30, the protective member 21 may abut against the end of the second protrusion 40 near the protective member 21, or the protective member 21 may be spaced apart from the end of the second protrusion 40 near the protective member 21. When thermal runaway occurs, the material inside the battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the corresponding protective component 21. The protective component 21 is supported by the second protrusion 40, ensuring that the protective component 21 is spaced apart from the pressure relief structure 11. This further prevents the protective component 21 from squeezing the pressure relief structure 11 and causing damage to it. As a result, the high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway. This further prevents thermal runaway from occurring in the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, further avoids thermal propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200. It should be noted that after the protective component 21 is installed on the first protrusion 30, when the protective component 21 and the end of the second protrusion 40 near the protective component 21 are spaced apart, if the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the opposite protective component 21, and the pressure causes the protective component 21 to deform, the protective component 21 will stop against the second protrusion 40 after deformation, and the second protrusion 40 will support the protective component 21.

[0082] In some specific embodiments of this application, the second boss 40 may be constructed as a ring. Further, the second boss 40 may be constructed as a closed-loop structure, with the second boss 40 surrounding the pressure relief structure 11. By constructing the second protrusion 40 as a closed-loop structure, the second protrusion 40 can support the protective member 21 in the entire circumferential direction, increasing the support area of ​​the second protrusion 40 supporting the protective member 21. After the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the protective member 21 of other battery cells 100, the annular second protrusion 40 supports the protective member 21, further ensuring that the protective member 21 is separated from the pressure relief structure 11. This further prevents the protective member 21 from squeezing the pressure relief structure 11 and causing damage to it. Thus, it ensures that the high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cells 100 that have not experienced thermal runaway, further preventing thermal runaway in the battery cells 100 that have not experienced thermal runaway, further avoiding heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0083] In some specific embodiments of this application, the second protrusion 40 can be constructed as a plurality of protrusions, which are arranged at intervals. Further, the plurality of second protrusions 40 are arranged around the pressure relief structure 11, and the plurality of second protrusions 40 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure relief structure 11. Further, the plurality of second protrusions 40 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure relief structure 11. Further, the interval distance between two adjacent second protrusions 40 is the same. By setting multiple second protrusions 40, which can simultaneously support the protective member 21, the supporting area of ​​the second protrusions 40 supporting the protective member 21 can be increased. After the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the protective member 21 of other battery cells 100, the simultaneous support of the protective member 21 by multiple second protrusions 40 further ensures that the protective member 21 is separated from the pressure relief structure 11. This can further prevent the protective member 21 from squeezing the pressure relief structure 11 and causing damage to the pressure relief structure 11. Thus, it can be ensured that the high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, further preventing thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, further avoiding heat spread within the battery 200, and further improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0084] In some specific embodiments of this application, the second boss 40 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10 or detachably connected. When the second boss 40 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10, the second boss 40 and the outer shell 10 can be configured as a single integral part, improving the connection strength between the second boss 40 and the outer shell 10, preventing separation of the second boss 40 and the outer shell 10, and also reducing the number of molds required to produce the battery cell 100, further reducing mold development costs, and thus further reducing the production cost of the battery cell 100.

[0085] Alternatively, the second boss 40 can be detachably connected to the housing 10 by bolts, or the second boss 40 can be detachably connected to the housing 10 by a snap-fit ​​structure. Detachably connecting the second boss 40 to the housing 10 simplifies the structure of the housing 10, reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the housing 10, and thus improves the production efficiency of the housing 10.

[0086] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the protective member 21 may be provided with a first limiting part, and the first boss 30 may be provided with a second limiting part corresponding to the first limiting part. The first limiting part and the second limiting part cooperate to restrict the movement of the protective member 21 relative to the first boss 30. After the protective member 21 is installed on the first boss 30, the first limiting part and the second limiting part are assembled and cooperated. The cooperation of the first limiting part and the second limiting part restricts the movement of the protective member 21 relative to the first boss 30, thereby ensuring that the protective member 21 is reliably installed on the first boss 30. This prevents the protective member 21 from detaching from the first boss 30 when the battery cell 100 does not experience thermal runaway.

[0087] Furthermore, the first limiting part is one of the limiting groove 33 and the limiting boss 22, and the second limiting part is the other of the limiting groove 33 and the limiting boss 22, with the limiting boss 22 installed within the limiting groove 33. Specifically, when the first limiting part is set as the limiting groove 33, the second limiting part is set as the limiting boss 22; conversely, when the second limiting part is set as the limiting groove 33, the first limiting part is set as the limiting boss 22. Figure 8 As shown, this application uses a first limiting part configured as a limiting boss 22 and a second limiting part configured as a limiting groove 33 as an example for explanation. After the protective member 21 is installed on the first boss 30, the limiting boss 22 is installed in the limiting groove 33, as shown. Figure 8As shown, the limiting boss 22 is limited by the side wall of the limiting groove 33, which restricts the movement of the protective member 21 relative to the first boss 30, thereby ensuring the positional stability of the protective member 21 relative to the first boss 30. When the protective member 21 is bonded to the first boss 30, it can be securely bonded to the first boss 30. Specifically, after the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 and acts on the protective member 21 of other battery cells 100, the limiting boss 22 and the limiting groove 33 limit the movement of the protective member 21 relative to the first boss 30, thus preventing the protective member 21 from separating from the first boss 30.

[0088] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the protective member 21 is connected to the outer shell 10. Furthermore, the protective member 21 is directly bonded to the outer shell 10 so that the protective member 21 is directly and fixedly disposed on the outer shell 10. After the protective member 21 is installed on the outer surface of the outer shell 10, the protective member 21 is in a first state relative to the outer shell 10, and the pressure relief structure 11 is completely blocked by the protective member 21. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the casing 10 increases. When the pressure inside the casing 10 reaches a certain value, the material inside the casing 10 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. Because the ejected material has a certain pressure, it acts on the protective member 21 after being ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, causing the protective member 21 to separate from the casing 10. At this time, at least a part of the structure of the protective member 21 is separated from the casing 10 so that at least a part of the structure of the pressure relief structure 11 is not blocked by the protective member 21. For example, under the pressure of the ejected material, the protective member 21 is detached from the casing 10, thereby ensuring that the material inside the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway is smoothly ejected from the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding.

[0089] Furthermore, after the material inside the thermal runaway battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, the ejected material acts on the corresponding protective component 21, thus ensuring that the protective component 21 is stably maintained in the first state. The protective component 21 protects the pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the non-thermal runaway battery cells 100, effectively preventing thermal runaway from occurring in the non-thermal runaway battery cells 100, effectively avoiding heat propagation within the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200 in use.

[0090] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, the battery cell 100 may further include a third protrusion 50, which is disposed on the outer surface of the housing 10 and surrounds the protective member 21. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward the battery cell 100 opposite it. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 spreads in all directions. Because the third protrusion 50 surrounds the protective member 21, it can block the gap between the protective member 21 and the housing 10, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from moving through the gap between the protective member 21 and the housing 10 to the pressure relief structure 11. This further ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is not damaged by the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100, further preventing thermal runaway from occurring in battery cells 100 that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, and further improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0091] Furthermore, the third protrusion 50 is constructed as a ring structure, and more specifically, the third protrusion 50 is constructed as a closed ring structure, with the third protrusion 50 surrounding the protective member 21. By setting the third protrusion 50 as a closed ring structure, the entire circumference of the protective member 21 is surrounded by the third protrusion 50, ensuring that the gap between the protective member 21 and the outer shell 10 is completely blocked by the third protrusion 50. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward the battery cell 100 opposite it. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 spreads in all directions. By constructing the third protrusion 50 as a closed-loop structure, it is possible to prevent the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from moving through the gap between the protective member 21 and the outer casing 10 to the pressure relief structure 11. This further ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is not damaged by the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100, further prevents thermal runaway from occurring in the battery cells 100 that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, further avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0092] In some specific embodiments of this application, the connection area between the protective component 21 and the outer shell 10 is S3, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief structure 11 is S4, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.2. Taking the example of the protective component 21 being bonded to the outer surface of the outer shell 10, the bonding area between the protective component 21 and the outer surface of the outer shell 10 is S3, satisfying the relationship: 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.2, for example, S3 / S4 is 0.15. By ensuring 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.2, it is possible to reliably install the protective component 21 onto the outer shell 10. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the material ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 acts on the protective component 21, ensuring that the protective component 21 separates from the outer shell 10, thereby ensuring the smooth ejection of material from the battery cell 100. Meanwhile, when one or more battery cells 100 in the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward other battery cells 100. After the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is sprayed onto the protective component 21 of other battery cells 100, the protective component 21 can be prevented from separating from the outer casing 10 by ensuring that 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.2.

[0093] In some specific embodiments of this application, the third protrusion 50 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10 or detachably connected. When the third protrusion 50 is integrally formed with the outer shell 10, the third protrusion 50 and the outer shell 10 can be configured as a single integral part, improving the connection strength between the third protrusion 50 and the outer shell 10, preventing separation of the third protrusion 50 and the outer shell 10, and also reducing the number of molds required to produce the battery cell 100, further reducing mold development costs, and thus further reducing the production cost of the battery cell 100.

[0094] Alternatively, the third boss 50 can be detachably connected to the housing 10 by bolts, or the third boss 50 can be detachably connected to the housing 10 by a snap-fit ​​structure. Detachably connecting the third boss 50 to the housing 10 simplifies the structure of the housing 10, reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the housing 10, and thus improves the production efficiency of the housing 10.

[0095] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the protective device 20 may include a protective component 21. The protective component 21 may be a structural component such as a mica plate or a steel plate, but this application is not limited to this. The protective component 21 may also be other high-temperature resistant fireproof components. The protective component 21 is movably disposed on the outer shell 10. By being movably disposed on the outer shell 10, the protective component 21 can be moved relative to the outer shell 10 to a first state and a second state.

[0096] Specifically, when the battery cell 100 does not experience thermal runaway, the protective component 21 moves to a first state relative to the outer casing 10. In this first state, the protective component 21 is positioned to shield the pressure relief structure 11, which is then completely shielded by the protective component 21. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the outer casing 10 increases. When the pressure inside the outer casing 10 reaches a certain value, substances inside the outer casing 10 (such as gas, liquid, or solid particles) are ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, controlling the protective component 21 to move from the first state to the second state. This ensures that the substances inside the battery cell 100 are smoothly ejected from the outside of the battery cell 100, preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the protective component 21 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway is in a first state relative to the outer casing 10. The pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway is shielded by the protective component 21. The protective component 21 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway can protect its corresponding pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected by the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway. This effectively prevents thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, effectively avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0097] Furthermore, such as Figure 10 As shown, the protective device 20 further includes a drive mechanism 23, with the protective component 21 connected to the drive mechanism 23. The drive mechanism 23 is used to drive the protective component 21 to switch to a first state or a second state. The protective component 21 can be driven to the drive mechanism 23. When the drive mechanism 23 is working, it can drive the protective component 21 to move relative to the outer casing 10, thereby switching the protective component 21 to either the first or second state. Specifically, when the battery cell 100 itself does not experience thermal runaway, the drive mechanism 23 drives the protective component 21 to switch to the first state; when the battery cell 100 itself experiences thermal runaway, the drive mechanism 23 drives the protective component 21 to switch to the second state.

[0098] Furthermore, a detection device can be installed inside the battery 200. The detection device can be a camera or a temperature sensor or other components. The detection device is used to detect whether a single battery cell 100 inside the battery 200 has experienced thermal runaway. The detection device is communicatively connected to the controller of the battery 200. The detection device can send the detection results to the controller. When the detection device detects that a single battery cell 100 inside the battery 200 has experienced thermal runaway, the controller controls the drive mechanism 23 of the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway to drive the protective component 21 to switch to the second state. At the same time, the controller controls the drive mechanism 23 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway to drive the protective component 21 to switch to the first state.

[0099] Furthermore, the protective member 21 is pivotally mounted on the outer casing 10, which can also be understood as the protective member 21 being mounted on the outer casing 10 and rotatable relative to the outer casing 10. The drive mechanism 23 is connected to the protective member 21 via a transmission connection, and the drive mechanism 23 is used to drive the protective member 21 to rotate to a first state or a second state. Specifically, when the drive mechanism 23 is working, it drives the protective member 21 to rotate to the first state or the second state, thereby achieving the effect of automatically driving the protective member 21 to rotate to the first state or the second state.

[0100] Furthermore, the protective component 21 may be provided with a pivot shaft, through which it can be rotatably mounted to the outer casing 10. The outer casing 10 may be provided with a pivot hole or a pivot groove, and the pivot shaft of the protective component 21 is installed in the pivot hole or pivot groove. When the pivot hole is a circular hole or the pivot groove is a circular groove, the protective component 21 can rotate around the central axis of the pivot shaft. When the pivot hole is an oblong hole or the pivot groove is a strip groove, the pivot shaft can move along the oblong hole or strip groove, and the protective component 21 can rotate around the central axis of the pivot shaft. Thus, the protective component 21 can be rotatably mounted to the outer casing 10.

[0101] The pivot shaft is equipped with a first gear, and the drive mechanism 23 includes a drive motor. The output shaft of the drive motor is equipped with a second gear that meshes with the first gear. In this application, the pivot hole is a circular hole or the pivot groove is a circular groove as an example. When the drive motor is working, it drives the protective member 21 to rotate around the central axis of the pivot shaft to either the first state or the second state through the meshing of the first gear and the second gear.

[0102] In some specific embodiments of this application, the drive mechanism 23 is used to drive the protective member 21 to move to a first state or a second state. It should be noted that the protective member 21 can be driven to move relative to the drive mechanism 23. When the drive mechanism 23 is working, it can drive the protective member 21 to move relative to the outer casing 10, thereby moving the protective member 21 to either the first or second state. Specifically, when the battery cell 100 itself has not experienced thermal runaway, the drive mechanism 23 drives the protective member 21 to move to the first state; when the battery cell 100 itself experiences thermal runaway, the drive mechanism 23 drives the protective member 21 to move to the second state. Further, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 23 includes a drive motor, a lead screw, and a nut. The nut is sleeved on the lead screw and threadedly engaged with it. The lead screw is driven to move relative to the drive motor, and the nut is connected to the protective member 21. When the drive motor is working, it drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of moving the protective member 21, and thus achieving the effect of moving the protective member 21 to either the first or second state.

[0103] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 10 As shown, an annular seal 60 can be provided on the outer surface of the housing 10. The annular seal 60 surrounds the pressure relief structure 11. Further, the annular seal 60 can be a closed-loop structure. The annular seal 60 can be a sealing ring. When the protective member 21 is in the first state, the annular seal 60 abuts against the protective member 21. By constructing the annular seal 60 as an annular shape, the pressure relief structure 11 can be surrounded by the annular seal 60 in the entire circumferential direction. When the protective member 21 is in the first state, the annular seal 60 seals the gap between the protective member 21 and the housing 10, ensuring that the pressure relief structure 11 is completely blocked. When one or more battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 is ejected toward other battery cells 100 and spreads in all directions. By providing an annular seal 60, which abuts against the protective element 21, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 can be prevented from moving through the gap between the protective element 21 and the outer casing 10 to the pressure relief structure 11. This further ensures that the pressure relief structure 11 is not damaged by the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100, further prevents thermal runaway from occurring in battery cells 100 that have not yet experienced thermal runaway, further avoids heat propagation within the battery 200, and further improves the safety of the battery 200.

[0104] In some specific embodiments of this application, the protective component 21 is constructed as a metal component or a high-temperature resistant insulating component. The protective component 21 can be made of steel, for example, the protective component 21 can be set as a steel plate, or the protective component 21 can be made of mica, for example, the protective component 21 can be set as a mica plate. This configuration enables the protective component 21 to have high-temperature resistance. When the high-temperature material ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 100 sprays onto the protective component 21, it can prevent the protective component 21 from melting and can also effectively protect the pressure relief structure 11.

[0105] According to an embodiment of this application, a battery cell 100 includes a housing 10 and a protective device 20. The battery cell 100 also includes an electrode assembly 80. The housing 10 defines an installation space, and the electrode assembly 80 is disposed within the installation space. The electrode assembly 80 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator, with the separator disposed between the positive and negative electrode. The positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator together constitute the electrode assembly 80. The housing 10 has a pressure relief structure 11, and the protective device 20 is configured as a one-way valve 70. The one-way valve 70 is disposed on the housing 10 and covers the outside of the pressure relief structure 11. The one-way valve 70 is adapted to conduct in one direction so that substances discharged from the pressure relief structure 11 are discharged through the one-way valve 70.

[0106] The one-way valve 70 can be located outside the housing 10. Specifically, when the battery cell 100 itself does not experience thermal runaway, if other battery cells 100 within the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 will not travel through the one-way valve 70 to the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that did not experience thermal runaway. The one-way valve 70 of the battery cell 100 that did not experience thermal runaway protects its corresponding pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that did not experience thermal runaway, effectively preventing thermal runaway from occurring in the battery cell 100, effectively avoiding heat propagation within the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the pressure inside the casing 10 increases. When the pressure inside the casing 10 reaches a certain value, the substances inside the casing 10 (such as gas, liquid, and solid particles) are ejected from the pressure relief structure 11. Under pressure, the one-way valve 70 is opened in one direction so that the substances ejected from the pressure relief structure 11 are discharged from the one-way valve 70 to the outside of the battery cell 100, ensuring that the substances inside the battery cell 100 are smoothly ejected to the outside of the battery cell 100 and preventing the battery cell 100 from exploding.

[0107] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figures 8-10As shown, the outer casing 10 may be provided with terminals 12, including a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The terminals 12 are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 80. The terminals 12 and the pressure relief structure 11 are disposed on different walls of the outer casing 10. This arrangement can stagger the terminals 12 and the pressure relief structure 11. After the high-temperature material in the battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, it can prevent the ejected high-temperature material from damaging the terminals 12 and the electrical connectors connecting the positive terminal 12 and the negative terminal 12.

[0108] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figures 8-10 As shown, the housing 10 has opposing first walls 13 and second walls 14, wherein, when the battery cell 100 is in Figure 8 When placed in the center, the lower end wall of the outer casing 10 is constructed as a first wall 13, and the upper end wall of the outer casing 10 is constructed as a second wall 14. The terminal post 12 is disposed on the first wall 13, and the pressure relief structure 11 is disposed on the second wall 14. This arrangement allows the terminal post 12 and the pressure relief structure 11 to be disposed on two opposite walls. After the high-temperature material inside the battery cell 100 is ejected from the pressure relief structure 11, it can effectively prevent the ejected high-temperature material from damaging the terminal post 12 and the electrical connectors connecting the positive and negative terminals. Furthermore, the cover plate 15 is constructed as the first wall 13, and both the positive and negative terminals are installed on the cover plate 15. The bottom wall of the outer casing body 16 is constructed as the second wall 14, and the pressure relief structure 11 is disposed on the bottom wall of the outer casing body 16.

[0109] like Figures 2-10 As shown, the battery 200 according to the embodiment of this application includes the battery cell 100 of the above embodiment. After the battery cell 100 is installed in the battery 200, when the battery cell 100 itself experiences thermal runaway, the material inside the battery cell 100 can be smoothly ejected to the outside of the battery cell 100, avoiding the battery cell 100 from exploding. Furthermore, when the battery cell 100 in the battery 200 experiences thermal runaway, the protective device 20 can protect the corresponding pressure relief structure 11, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the thermally runaway battery cell 100 from damaging the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, thus preventing the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway from experiencing thermal runaway, effectively preventing heat spread within the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0110] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3-5As shown, the battery 200 may further include: a discharge member 201 defining a discharge channel 202. The discharge member 201 has opposing first sidewalls 203 and second sidewalls 204. Both the first sidewalls 203 and second sidewalls 204 are provided with connecting portions 205 communicating with the discharge channel 202. The connecting portions 205 of the first sidewall 203 and the connecting portions 205 of the second sidewall 204 are opposite to or offset from each other. This application uses the example of the connecting portions 205 of the first sidewall 203 and the connecting portions 205 of the second sidewall 204 being opposite to each other for illustration. Battery cells 100 are provided on both sides of the discharge member 201, and the protective devices 20 of the battery cells 100 are opposite to the corresponding connecting portions 205. The discharge component 201 can be constructed as a beam structure. The battery cells 100 on both sides of the discharge component 201 can be fixedly installed on the discharge component 201. For example, the battery cells 100 can be bonded to the first sidewall 203 and the second sidewall 204 of the discharge component 201. The protective device 20 of the battery cell 100 is arranged correspondingly to the connecting portion 205. Specifically, one connecting portion 205 is provided corresponding to one battery cell 100. The connecting portion 205 can be constructed as a through-hole structure, or it can be constructed as a weak point. When the connecting portion 205 is constructed as a through-hole structure, after thermal runaway of the battery cell 100, the material inside the battery cell 100 is ejected, and the material is discharged from the battery cell 100. The high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 can be directly injected into the discharge channel 202 through the through-hole structure, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 from damaging other components inside the battery 200. When the connecting part 205 is constructed as a weak part, after the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway and the material inside the battery cell 100 is ejected, the high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 exerts a certain pressure on the weak part, causing the weak part to separate from the discharge component 201 and form a through-hole. The high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 can be directly injected into the discharge channel 202 through the through-hole, preventing the high-temperature material ejected from the battery cell 100 from damaging other components inside the battery 200.

[0111] Meanwhile, since battery cells 100 are provided on both sides of the discharge component 201, the battery cells 100 near the outer surface of the first side wall 203 and the battery cells 100 near the outer surface of the second side wall 204 are arranged opposite each other. When one or more battery cells 100 in the battery 200 experience thermal runaway, the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway is shielded by the protective device 20. The protective device 20 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway can protect the corresponding pressure relief structure 11. The high-temperature material ejected by the battery cell 100 that has experienced thermal runaway will not damage the pressure relief structure 11 of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway, effectively preventing thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 that has not experienced thermal runaway. It can also prevent the battery cells 100 that are arranged opposite each other from spraying, thereby effectively solving the problem of thermal runaway spraying of battery cells 100, effectively avoiding heat spread in the battery 200, and improving the safety of the battery 200.

[0112] In some specific embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery 200 may further include: a housing 206, with the discharge component 201 and battery cell 100 all disposed within the housing 206. Further, the housing 206 may include a housing body 207 and a cover 208. The housing body 207 may define an assembly slot with one end open. The discharge component 201 and battery cell 100 are both disposed within the assembly slot. The cover 208 is detachably connected to the housing body 207 and is used to open or close the open end of the assembly slot. After the discharge component 201 and battery cell 100 are installed within the assembly slot, the cover 208 can be fixedly installed to the housing body 207 using bolts or screws. When it is necessary to remove the discharge component 201 and battery cell 100 from the housing 206, the bolts or screws are removed, separating the cover 208 from the housing body 207 to open the open end of the assembly slot, thereby facilitating the removal of the discharge component 201 and battery cell 100 from the housing 206.

[0113] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery 200 may further include a pressure plate 209, which is disposed inside the housing 206. The pressure plate 209 is used to press against the battery cell 100 inside the housing 206, thereby securing the battery cell 100 inside the housing 206.

[0114] like Figure 1 As shown, the power-consuming device 1000 according to the embodiments of this application includes the battery 200 of the above embodiments. The power-consuming device 1000 can be a vehicle, an airplane, or other electrical equipment that requires the use of electrical energy. By applying the battery 200 in the above embodiments to the power-consuming device 1000, the working safety of the power-consuming device 1000 can be improved.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0116] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, The battery monomer comprises: a shell provided with a pressure relief structure; a shielding device having a first state and a second state relative to the shell, in the first state, the shielding device is located in a shielding position shielding the pressure relief structure, in the second state, the shielding device is away from the shielding position; the battery monomer further comprises a first boss provided on the outer surface of the shell and arranged around the pressure relief structure, and the shielding device comprises a shielding piece fixed to the end of the first boss away from the shell; or the shielding device comprises a shielding piece movably provided on the shell.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the first boss is annular.

3. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the end of the first boss away from the shell is provided with a sink groove, and the shielding piece is installed in the sink groove.

4. The battery cell of claim 3, wherein, The bottom wall of the sink groove is used to support the shielding piece.

5. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the connection area of the shielding piece and the first boss is S1, and the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief structure is S2, which satisfies the relationship: 0.1≤S1 / S2≤0.

2.

6. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the battery monomer further comprises a second boss provided on the outer surface of the shell and located inside the first boss, and the second boss is used to support the shielding piece.

7. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The second boss is annular.

8. The battery cell of claim 6, wherein, The second boss is configured as a plurality of second bosses arranged at intervals.

9. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the shielding piece is provided with a first limiting part, the first boss is provided with a second limiting part corresponding to the first limiting part, and the first limiting part and the second limiting part are limited and matched to limit the movement of the shielding piece relative to the first boss.

10. The battery cell of claim 9, wherein, The first limiting part is one of a limiting groove and a limiting boss, the second limiting part is the other one of the limiting groove and the limiting boss, and the limiting boss is installed in the limiting groove.

11. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is fixed to the first boss, the battery monomer further comprises a third boss provided on the outer surface of the shell and arranged around the shielding piece.

12. The battery cell of claim 11, wherein, The third boss is annular.

13. The battery cell of claim 11, wherein, The shielding piece is connected with the shell.

14. The battery cell of claim 13, wherein, The connection area of the shielding piece and the shell is S3, and the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief structure is S4, which satisfies the relationship: 0.1≤S3 / S4≤0.

2.

15. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The first boss is integrally formed with the shell or detachably connected with the shell.

16. The battery cell of any one of claims 6-8, wherein, The second boss is integrally formed with the shell or detachably connected with the shell.

17. The battery cell of any one of claims 11-14, wherein, The third boss is integrally formed with the shell or detachably connected with the shell.

18. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, In the case that the shielding piece is movably provided on the shell, the shielding device further comprises a driving mechanism, the shielding piece is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the shielding piece to switch to the first state or the second state.

19. The battery cell of claim 18, wherein, The shielding piece is pivotably provided on the shell, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the shielding piece to rotate to the first state or the second state.

20. The battery cell of claim 19, wherein, The shield is provided with a pivot shaft, the shield is rotatably installed on the shell through the pivot shaft, the pivot shaft is provided with a first gear, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, and an output shaft of the driving motor is provided with a second gear engaged with the first gear.

21. The battery cell of claim 18, wherein, The driving mechanism is used for driving the shield to move to the first state or the second state.

22. The battery cell of claim 18, wherein, An outer surface of the shell is provided with an annular sealing element, the annular sealing element is arranged around the pressure relief structure, and the annular sealing element is in abutment with the shield when the shield is in the first state.

23. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The shield is configured as a metal piece or a high-temperature-resistant insulating piece.

24. A battery cell, characterized by Comprise: A shell is provided with a pressure relief structure; A shield device is configured as a one-way valve and is arranged in the shell, the one-way valve is arranged outside the pressure relief structure, and the one-way valve is adapted to be unidirectionally communicated so that the substance discharged from the pressure relief structure is discharged from the one-way valve.

25. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-24, wherein, The shell is provided with a pole, and the pole and the pressure relief structure are arranged on different walls of the shell.

26. The battery cell of claim 25, wherein, The shell has opposite first and second walls, the pole is arranged on the first wall, and the pressure relief structure is arranged on the second wall.

27. A battery, characterized by Comprise the battery cell according to any one of claims 1-26.

28. The battery of claim 27, wherein, Further comprising: a discharge element defining a discharge channel, the discharge element having opposite first and second side walls, the first and second side walls are both provided with a communication part in communication with the discharge channel, the communication part of the first side wall and the communication part of the second side wall are opposite or staggered; both sides of the discharge element are provided with the battery cell, and the shield device of the battery cell is opposite to the corresponding communication part.

29. The battery of claim 28, wherein, Further comprising: A box body, the discharge element and the battery cell are arranged in the box body.

30. An electrical device, comprising: Comprise the battery according to any one of claims 27-29.

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