Broadband microstrip patch antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a broadband microstrip patch antenna and electronic equipment, the broadband microstrip patch antenna comprises a single-layer dielectric substrate, at least one radiation patch and a feed assembly, the radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate, and the radiation patch is provided with a first gap and a second gap which are opposite to each other along a first direction; the first gap comprises a first sub-gap and second sub-gaps which are communicated with each other, the first sub-gap extends in the second direction, the two second sub-gaps extend in the first direction, and the two second sub-gaps are communicated with the two ends of the first sub-gap respectively; the second gap comprises a third sub-gap and fourth sub-gaps which are communicated with each other, the third sub-gap extends along the second direction, the two fourth sub-gaps extend along the first direction, and the two fourth sub-gaps are respectively communicated with two ends of the third sub-gap. According to the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided by the invention, a wider relative bandwidth value can be realized on the single-layer dielectric substrate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a wideband microstrip patch antenna and electronic equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The microstrip patch antenna is a common and practical antenna type, which has many advantages over other types of antennas, such as light weight, small size, low profile, easy integration with radio frequency circuits, high processing precision, and suitability for rapid industrial mass production. Therefore, the microstrip patch antenna is suitable for many wireless communication applications, especially in scenarios with size and cost restrictions. However, the microstrip patch antenna also has some limitations: due to the limitations of its structure, the radiation efficiency of the microstrip patch antenna can be relatively low; the bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna is usually narrow, which may not be suitable for wide-band applications; compared with other types of antennas, the microstrip patch antenna has weaker directivity and a relatively wide radiation range.

[0003] Traditional vehicle-mounted radar antennas often use microstrip array antennas with a bandwidth of about 1 GHz. However, as the demand for radar upgrades increases, when facing 4D imaging radars, in order to provide higher density and high-resolution point cloud information, the radar antenna needs to have a wider working bandwidth. At this time, 1 GHz is far from meeting the demand. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a wideband microstrip patch antenna that can achieve a wider relative bandwidth value on a single-layer dielectric substrate. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application provides a wideband microstrip patch antenna and electronic equipment to solve the problem of narrow bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a wideband microstrip patch antenna, comprising:

[0006] a single-layer dielectric substrate having a first direction and a second direction intersecting each other;

[0007] at least one radiation patch disposed on the upper surface of the single-layer dielectric substrate; the radiation patch is provided with a first slot and a second slot opposite along the first direction, and the first slot and the second slot are used to change the current distribution of the radiation patch respectively; the first slot includes a first sub-slot and a second sub-slot in communication with each other, the first sub-slot extends along the second direction, and two second sub-slots extend along the first direction, and the two second sub-slots are in communication with each other at both ends of the first sub-slot respectively; the second slot includes a third sub-slot and a fourth sub-slot in communication with each other, the third sub-slot extends along the second direction, and two fourth sub-slots extend along the first direction, and the two fourth sub-slots are in communication with each other at both ends of the third sub-slot respectively;

[0008] The radiating patch has a central axis extending along the first direction. The broadband microstrip patch antenna further includes a feeding assembly disposed on the single-layer dielectric substrate and connected to one side of the radiating patch along the first direction. The radiating patch is arranged along the central axis.

[0009] Preferably, the first gap and the second gap are axially symmetrical about the central axis.

[0010] Preferably, the center positions of the two second sub-slits are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit, and the center positions of the two fourth sub-slits are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit.

[0011] Preferably, the ends of the two second sub-slits furthest from the center of the radiating patch are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit, and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits furthest from the center of the radiating patch are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit.

[0012] Preferably, the ends of the two second sub-slits near the center of the radiating patch are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit, and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits near the center of the radiating patch are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit.

[0013] Preferably, the first sub-slot has a first end close to the power supply component and a second end away from the power supply component, and the second sub-slot has a third end close to the central axis and a fourth end away from the central axis; the third end of one second sub-slot is in communication with the first end, and the fourth end of the other second sub-slot is in communication with the second end.

[0014] Preferably, along the first direction, the maximum size of both the first gap and the second gap is smaller than the maximum size of the radiation patch.

[0015] Preferably, the radiating patch is rectangular, and the maximum dimension of the radiating patch along the first direction is L mm, satisfying: L < λ / 2, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the single-layer dielectric substrate.

[0016] Preferably, the dimension of the first sub-gap along the first direction is S1 mm, satisfying: 0.1 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 0.15 mm; and / or, the dimension of the first sub-gap along the second direction is S2 mm, satisfying: 0.3λ ≤ S2 ≤ 0.4λ.

[0017] Preferably, the dimension of the second sub-gap along the first direction is S3mm, satisfying: 0.1λ≤S3≤0.2λ; and / or, the dimension of the second sub-gap along the second direction is S4mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S4≤0.15mm.

[0018] Preferably, the dimension of the third sub-gap along the first direction is S5mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S5≤0.15mm; and / or, the dimension of the third sub-gap along the second direction is S6mm, satisfying: 0.3λ≤S6≤0.4λ.

[0019] Preferably, the dimension of the fourth sub-gap along the first direction is S7mm, satisfying: 0.1λ≤S7≤0.2λ; and / or, the dimension of the fourth sub-gap along the second direction is S8mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S8≤0.15mm.

[0020] Preferably, S2 and S3 satisfy the following relationship: S2 + S3 = 0.5λ, and S6 and S7 satisfy the following relationship: S6 + S7 = 0.5λ.

[0021] Preferably, the power supply assembly includes a power supply device and an impedance matching device connected in sequence, wherein the two ends of the impedance matching device are respectively connected to the power supply device and the radiating patch.

[0022] Secondly, this application also provides an electronic device, including a broadband microstrip patch antenna as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0023] The broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in this application includes a monolayer dielectric substrate, at least one radiating patch, and a feeding assembly. The radiating patch is disposed on the upper surface of the monolayer dielectric substrate and has a first slot and a second slot opposite to each other along a first direction. The first slot includes a first sub-slot and a second sub-slot that are interconnected. The first sub-slot extends along a second direction, and two second sub-slots extend along the first direction, each communicating with both ends of the first sub-slot. The second slot includes a third sub-slot and a fourth sub-slot that are interconnected. The third sub-slot extends along the second direction, and two fourth sub-slots extend along the first direction, each communicating with both ends of the third sub-slot. The broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in this application can achieve a wider relative bandwidth on a monolayer dielectric substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a top view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a top view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiment 4 of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiment 5 of this application;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a side view of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 7 These are the reflection coefficient S11 curves of the broadband microstrip patch antennas provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application compared with those of the prior art.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a simulation of the azimuth plane radiation pattern of the broadband microstrip patch antenna provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application and the prior art at 76.5 GHz.

[0033] Symbol explanation:

[0034] 1. Single-layer dielectric substrate; 2. Radiation patch; 21. First slot; 211. First sub-slot; 212. Second sub-slot; 22. Second slot; 221. Third sub-slot; 222. Fourth sub-slot; 3. Power supply assembly; 31. Power supply device; 32. Impedance matching device; Y, First direction; X, Second direction; OO', Central axis. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0037] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this application provides a broadband microstrip patch antenna, including a monolayer dielectric substrate 1 and at least one radiating patch 2. The monolayer dielectric substrate 1 has intersecting first direction Y and second direction X. At least one radiating patch 2 is disposed on the upper surface of the monolayer dielectric substrate 1. The radiating patch 2 has a first slot 21 and a second slot 22 opposite to each other along the first direction Y. The first slot 21 and the second slot 22 are used to change the current distribution of the radiating patch 2, generating different resonant frequencies, thereby widening the antenna bandwidth through these different resonant frequencies. The first slot 21 includes a first sub-slot 211 and a second sub-slot 212 that are interconnected. The first sub-slot 211 extends along the second direction X, and the two second sub-slots 212 extend along the first direction Y. The two second sub-slots 212 are respectively interconnected with both ends of the first sub-slot 211. The second gap 22 includes a third sub-gap 221 and a fourth sub-gap 222 that are interconnected. The third sub-gap 221 extends along the second direction X, and the two fourth sub-gap 222 extend along the first direction Y. The two fourth sub-gap 222 are interconnected with the two ends of the third sub-gap 221, respectively. The current distribution on the radiating patch 2 is changed by the first gap 21 and the second gap 22, respectively.

[0038] The radiating patch 2 has a central axis OO' extending along the first direction Y. The broadband microstrip patch antenna also includes a feeding component 3, which is disposed on the single-layer dielectric substrate 1 and connected to one side of the radiating patch 2 along the first direction Y. The radiating patch 2 is arranged along the central axis OO'.

[0039] Preferably, the first gap 21 and the second gap 22 are axially symmetrical about the central axis OO', thereby achieving a more ideal bandwidth expansion effect.

[0040] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, the center positions of the two second sub-slits 212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit 211, and the center positions of the two fourth sub-slits 222 are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit 221.

[0041] Example 2: Figure 2 As shown, the ends of the two second sub-slits 212 that are away from the center of the radiation patch 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit 211, and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits 222 that are away from the center of the radiation patch 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit 221.

[0042] Example 3: Figure 3 As shown, the ends of the two second sub-slits 212 near the center of the radiating patch 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit 211, and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits 222 near the center of the radiating patch 2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit 221.

[0043] The first sub-slot 211 has a first end close to the power supply component 3 and a second end away from the power supply component 3, and the second sub-slot 212 has a third end close to the central axis OO' and a fourth end away from the central axis OO'.

[0044] Example 4: Figure 4 As shown, the third end of the second sub-gap 212 near the power supply component 3 is connected to the first end, and the fourth end of the second sub-gap 212 away from the power supply component 3 is connected to the second end.

[0045] Example 5: Figure 5 As shown, the third end of the second sub-gap 212 away from the power supply component 3 is connected to the first end, and the fourth end of the second sub-gap 212 close to the power supply component 3 is connected to the second end.

[0046] Preferably, along the first direction Y, the maximum size of both the first gap 21 and the second gap 22 is smaller than the maximum size of the radiating patch 2, thereby achieving a more ideal bandwidth expansion effect.

[0047] Preferably, the radiating patch 2 is rectangular, and its maximum dimension along the first direction Y is L mm, satisfying: L < λ / 2, where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave propagating in the single-layer dielectric substrate 1. The dimension of the radiating patch 2 along the first direction Y can be used to fine-tune the resonant frequency.

[0048] Preferably, the dimension of the first sub-slit 211 along the first direction Y is S1 mm, satisfying: 0.1 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 0.15 mm. And / or, the dimension of the first sub-slit 211 along the second direction X is S2 mm, satisfying: 0.3λ ≤ S2 ≤ 0.4λ. By adjusting the dimensions of the first sub-slit 211 along the first direction Y and / or along the second direction X, two different resonant frequencies can be easily generated, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0049] Preferably, the dimension of the second sub-slit 212 along the first direction Y is S3mm, satisfying: 0.1λ≤S3≤0.2λ. And / or, the dimension of the second sub-slit 212 along the second direction X is S4mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S4≤0.15mm. By adjusting the dimensions of the second sub-slit 212 along the first direction Y and / or along the second direction X, two different resonant frequencies can be easily generated, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0050] Preferably, the dimension of the third sub-slit 221 along the first direction Y is S5mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S5≤0.15mm. And / or, the dimension of the third sub-slit 221 along the second direction X is S6mm, satisfying: 0.3λ≤S6≤0.4λ. By adjusting the dimensions of the third sub-slit 221 along the first direction Y and / or along the second direction X, two different resonant frequencies can be easily generated, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0051] Preferably, the dimension of the fourth sub-slit 222 along the first direction Y is S7mm, satisfying: 0.1λ≤S7≤0.2λ. And / or, the dimension of the fourth sub-slit 222 along the second direction X is S8mm, satisfying: 0.1mm≤S8≤0.15mm. By adjusting the dimensions of the fourth sub-slit 222 along the first direction Y and / or along the second direction X, two different resonant frequencies can be easily generated, thereby expanding the bandwidth.

[0052] Preferably, S2 and S3 satisfy the following relationship: S2 + S3 = 0.5λ, and S6 and S7 satisfy the following relationship: S6 + S7 = 0.5λ. When the above relationships are satisfied, the first gap 21 and the second gap 22 can effectively change the current distribution of the radiating patch 2, generate a suitable resonant frequency, and thus expand the bandwidth.

[0053] Preferably, such as Figure 2As shown, the feeding assembly 3 includes a feeding device 31 and an impedance matching device 32 connected in sequence. The two ends of the impedance matching device 32 are connected to the feeding device 31 and the radiating patch 2, respectively. The impedance matching device 32 is used to adjust the impedance of the entire antenna. The feeding device 31 can be a 50Ω impedance microstrip line, with one end connected to the ports of the chip transmitter and receiver, and the other end connected to the impedance matching device 32, thereby exciting the antenna and enabling it to radiate.

[0054] Figure 7 These are the reflection coefficient S11 curves of the broadband microstrip patch antennas provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application, compared with those of the prior art. The red curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 1, the green curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 2, and the black curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 3. The antenna in Embodiment 1 of this application operates in the frequency band of 74.9 GHz-77.8 GHz, with a center operating frequency of 76.4 GHz. The antenna in Embodiment 2 of this application operates in the frequency band of 74.7 GHz-78.3 GHz, with a center operating frequency of 76.5 GHz. The prior art antenna operates in the frequency band of 75.6 GHz-76.8 GHz, with a center operating frequency of 76.3 GHz.

[0055] Figure 8 These are simulated azimuth radiation patterns of the broadband microstrip patch antennas provided in Embodiments 1 and 2 of this application, compared to existing technologies, at 76.5 GHz. The red curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 1, the green curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 2, and the black curve represents the simulation curve of Embodiment 3. Embodiment 1 of this application has a maximum gain of 13.3 dBi, a maximum beam pointing at 0°, and a 3 dB beamwidth of 68°. Embodiment 2 of this application has a maximum gain of 13.1 dBi, a maximum beam pointing at 0°, and a 3 dB beamwidth of 64°. Existing antennas have a maximum gain of 12.6 dBi, a maximum beam pointing at 0°, and a 3 dB beamwidth of 60°.

[0056] Simulation results show that the antenna in this embodiment can achieve a wider relative bandwidth on a single-layer dielectric substrate.

[0057] Secondly, this application also provides an electronic device including the broadband microstrip patch antenna described in the first aspect.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A broadband microstrip patch antenna, characterized in that, include: A single-layer dielectric substrate (1) has an intersecting first direction (Y) and a second direction (X); At least one radiating patch (2) is disposed on the upper surface of the monolayer dielectric substrate (1); the radiating patch (2) is provided with a first slit (21) and a second slit (22) opposite to each other along the first direction (Y), the first slit (21) and the second slit (22) being used to change the current distribution of the radiating patch (2) respectively; the first slit (21) includes a first sub-slit (211) and a second sub-slit (212) that are interconnected, the first sub-slit (211) extending along the second direction (X), and the two second sub-slits... The sub-slit (212) extends along the first direction (Y), and the two second sub-slits (212) are respectively connected to both ends of the first sub-slit (211); the second slit (22) includes a third sub-slit (221) and a fourth sub-slit (222) that are connected to each other, the third sub-slit (221) extends along the second direction (X), the two fourth sub-slits (222) extend along the first direction (Y), and the two fourth sub-slits (222) are respectively connected to both ends of the third sub-slit (221); The radiating patch (2) has a central axis (OO') extending along the first direction (Y). The broadband microstrip patch antenna also includes a feeding component (3), which is disposed on the single-layer dielectric substrate (1) and connected to one side of the radiating patch (2) along the first direction (Y). The radiating patch (2) is arranged along the central axis (OO').

2. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first gap (21) and the second gap (22) are axially symmetrical about the central axis (OO').

3. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The center positions of the two second sub-slits (212) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit (211), and the center positions of the two fourth sub-slits (222) are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit (221).

4. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ends of the two second sub-slits (212) that are away from the center of the radiation patch (2) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit (211), and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits (222) that are away from the center of the radiation patch (2) are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit (221).

5. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ends of the two second sub-slits (212) near the center of the radiation patch (2) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first sub-slit (211), and the ends of the two fourth sub-slits (222) near the center of the radiation patch (2) are respectively connected to the two ends of the third sub-slit (221).

6. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sub-slot (211) has a first end close to the power supply assembly (3) and a second end away from the power supply assembly (3), and the second sub-slot (212) has a third end close to the central axis (OO') and a fourth end away from the central axis (OO'); The third end of one of the second sub-slits (212) is in communication with the first end, and the fourth end of the other second sub-slit (212) is in communication with the second end.

7. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction (Y), the maximum size of both the first gap (21) and the second gap (22) is smaller than the maximum size of the radiation patch (2).

8. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating patch (2) is rectangular, and the maximum dimension of the radiating patch (2) along the first direction (Y) is L mm, satisfying: L < λ / 2, where λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves propagating in the single-layer dielectric substrate (1).

9. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-slit (211) has a size of S1 mm along the first direction (Y) satisfying: 0.1 mm ≤ S1 ≤ 0.15 mm; and / or, the first sub-slit (211) has a size of S2 mm along the second direction (X) satisfying: 0.3λ ≤ S2 ≤ 0.4λ.

10. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second sub-slit (212) has a dimension of S3 mm along the first direction (Y) and satisfies: 0.1λ≤S3≤0.2λ; and / or, the second sub-slit (212) has a dimension of S4 mm along the second direction (X) and satisfies: 0.1mm≤S4≤0.15mm.

11. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third sub-gap (221) has a dimension of S5 mm along the first direction (Y), satisfying: 0.1 mm ≤ S5 ≤ 0.15 mm; and / or, the third sub-gap (221) has a dimension of S6 mm along the second direction (X), satisfying: 0.3λ ≤ S6 ≤ 0.4λ.

12. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, The fourth sub-slit (222) has a dimension of S7 mm along the first direction (Y) and satisfies: 0.1λ≤S7≤0.2λ; and / or, the fourth sub-slit (222) has a dimension of S8 mm along the second direction (X) and satisfies: 0.1mm≤S8≤0.15mm.

13. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that, The S2 and S3 satisfy the following relationship: S2 + S3 = 0.5λ, and the S6 and S7 satisfy the following relationship: S6 + S7 = 0.5λ.

14. The broadband microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply assembly (3) includes a power supply device (31) and an impedance matching device (32) connected in sequence, wherein the two ends of the impedance matching device (32) are respectively connected to the power supply device (31) and the radiating patch (2).

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the broadband microstrip patch antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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