Passive tracking and positioning system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a passive tracking and positioning system, which is characterized in that a user carries or wears an electronic tag, reads the electronic tag by using a reading device and obtains ID information in the electronic tag, and then transmits the time for reading the electronic tag, the ID information and the duration for transmitting a signal of the electronic tag to a reader to a server through a network; and the server matches the corresponding user by using the ID information, calculates the distance between the electronic tag and the reading equipment or the position of the electronic tag relative to the reading equipment by reading the position of the reader and the duration of transmitting the signal of the electronic tag to the reader, and records the distance and the position. Subsequently, road stiffness information is obtained by reading the time of the electronic tag and corresponding position information, path tracking is completed, and the path and the position of the user can be calculated in combination with the map, the building structure chart and the position of the reading device on the map and the building structure chart, the moving speed of the user, the historical position and the path of the user and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to positioning and location tracking technology, and in particular to a passive tracking and positioning system. Background Technology

[0002] Active positioning technologies offer high accuracy and speed, typically employing internal devices to actively transmit or receive signals to achieve location, such as GPS and BeiDou positioning. Passive positioning and tracking technologies, on the other hand, are primarily used in the Internet of Things (IoT), particularly in warehousing, logistics, and urban asset management systems. These technologies mainly involve attaching electronic tags to target objects, then using readers to read the tag information to identify the object and combine it with appropriate positioning technologies (such as RFID). While these technologies offer high accuracy, they place stringent requirements on the system or equipment and are currently not suitable for outdoor positioning.

[0003] Active positioning technology requires power and therefore needs charging. The structure of wearable or mobile devices is also relatively complex, making it unsuitable for scenarios requiring prolonged wear without power. However, with the development of IoT technology, especially the widespread adoption of 5G and the construction of various outdoor passive base stations and RFID satellite systems (such as in ocean shipping, polar exploration, and wildlife conservation), passive positioning technology has become a viable option. Furthermore, passive positioning technology manifests as thin and lightweight electronic tags on wearable or mobile devices, requiring no power source and possessing a simple structure, offering advantages that active positioning cannot match.

[0004] However, there is currently no passive positioning technology applicable to outdoor environments, which has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a passive tracking and positioning system that can achieve passive positioning and path tracking.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a passive tracking and positioning system, comprising:

[0007] Electronic tags are carried or worn by users. The electronic tags contain the user's ID information, which is then used by the system to associate the user with the user as an identification identifier.

[0008] A reading device is used to read information from electronic tags and upload the read information to a server or a designated device for storage via a network.

[0009] A network is used to connect reading devices, servers, and management terminals.

[0010] The server is used to store information uploaded by reading devices, receive instructions and access requests from the management end, store the database, and perform subsequent location and path calculations.

[0011] The management console is used to access the server via the network to obtain data from the server or send instructions to the server.

[0012] After reading the information from the electronic tag, the reading device uploads the read information, the time of reading, and the duration of signal transmission between the electronic tag and the reading device to the server. The server then uses the map or building structure in the database and the installation location of the reading device to calculate the location of the electronic tag.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the electronic tag includes a first encapsulation layer, a second encapsulation layer, and a tag body. The tag body is fixed between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, and the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are sealed and fixed together.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the tag body is composed of an antenna and circuit printed on a first or second encapsulation layer by conductive silver paste or conductive ink, and then a chip installed on the first or second encapsulation layer, with the chip, circuit and antenna electrically connected.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, the label body is a separately manufactured component, which is then encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the tag body is made of a conductive material that is resistant to bending and low temperature to form the antenna and circuit, and then the chip is installed and fixed.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are made of materials that are resistant to bending and low temperature. The first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are fixed and sealed by any one or a combination of thermoforming, adhesive sealing, and ultrasonic welding.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, a water-sensitive color-changing material is applied to the label body or the corresponding area of ​​the first encapsulation layer, the second encapsulation layer and the label body.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the outer end face of the first or second encapsulation layer is detachably installed with the user's wearable device.

[0020] As a further improvement of this utility model, a buckle seat is fixed on the wearable, and a spring piece and a buckle piece are provided on the buckle seat. The spring piece and the buckle piece are elastic, and a magnetic block is installed on the spring piece. The magnetic block can be attracted to a magnet.

[0021] The latching piece is equipped with a latching head, which has an inner bevel. The inner bevel fits against the switch bevel of the magnetic block, thereby keeping the latching head inserted into the latching slot. The latching slot is located on the latching sleeve, which is fixed to the electronic tag. The interior of the latching sleeve is a hollow latching cavity, which is fitted onto the latching base. The spring piece applies a spring force to the magnetic block, pushing it inward toward the inner bevel, and the latching piece applies a spring force to the latching head, moving it away from the latching slot.

[0022] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes a compass, which is detachably mounted on the electronic tag.

[0023] As a further improvement of this utility model, the compass is glued to the electronic tag with adhesive; or the electronic tag has a through-hole, the compass has a plug protrusion, one end of the plug protrusion passes through the hole and has a raised ring on this end, the raised ring not easily passing through the hole; or the compass has a boss, the boss is fitted into a ring groove, the ring groove is set on the retaining film, the retaining film is fixed to the end face of the electronic tag, and the boss cannot pass through the ring groove.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] This invention utilizes electronic tags carried or worn by the user. A reading device reads the electronic tag and obtains its ID information. The time of tag reading, the ID information, and the duration of signal transmission from the tag to the reader are then transmitted to a server via a network. The server uses the ID information to match the corresponding user and calculates the distance or position of the electronic tag relative to the reading device based on the reader's location and the duration of signal transmission, recording this information. Subsequently, routing information is obtained by reading the tag's time and corresponding location information, enabling path tracking. This can be combined with maps, building diagrams, and the reading device's position on these diagrams, along with the user's movement speed, historical location, and paths, to calculate the user's path and location. Furthermore, it can be combined with other positioning devices to achieve more accurate positioning and path calculation to meet different positioning requirements. This invention is particularly suitable for passive positioning monitoring of special populations, such as children, the elderly, and people with mental disabilities.

[0026] Currently, the reading distance of passive electronic tags is not as far as that of active electronic tags. However, the coverage range of a typical 5G base station is about 300 meters. Therefore, in cities with a high density of 5G base stations, this invention can achieve approximate positioning. Furthermore, in environments such as subways, shopping malls, and supermarkets, where there are numerous 5G base stations and reading devices, high-precision indoor positioning can be achieved. The adaptability of this invention in the wild is much lower, as it mainly relies on the reading devices to read and upload information. However, with the rapid development of communication technology and the increasing maturity of IoT technology, this problem will inevitably be solved sooner or later. Of course, in some scenarios, positioning can be achieved by deploying a large number of reading devices outdoors, such as in outdoor personnel location monitoring systems. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the system configuration of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the electronic tag 100;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of electronic tag 100. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of electronic tag 100. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of electronic tag 100. Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 6 This is an installation diagram of electronic tag 100. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 7 This is an installation diagram of electronic tag 100. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic tag 100 after adding a compass;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of the electronic tag 100 after adding a compass. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the improved structure of the electronic tag 100 after adding a compass. Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] See Figure 1 The passive tracking and positioning system of this embodiment includes:

[0039] Electronic tags, carried or worn by users, contain the user's ID information. Subsequent systems use this ID to associate with the user, serving as a means of identification. In this embodiment, the electronic tag can be encapsulated in a thin film or other portable form that is easy to attach to the user's body or clothing. This allows users to attach the electronic tag to their clothes, pants, shoes, etc., which is significantly lighter and more portable than traditional active positioning methods, causing almost no burden or discomfort to the user.

[0040] A reading device is used to read information from electronic tags and upload the read information to a server or a designated device via a network for storage, so that it can be retrieved and accessed later.

[0041] A network is used to connect reading devices, servers, management terminals, and other devices to a network.

[0042] The server is used to store information uploaded by reading devices, receive instructions and access requests from the management end, store the database, and perform subsequent location and path calculations.

[0043] The management terminal is used to access the server via the network to obtain data from the server or send instructions to the server. In this embodiment, the management terminal can be a PC, a mobile phone, etc. The PC terminal can be a web page or specially designed software, while the mobile terminal is mostly in the form of an APP, a mini-program, etc.

[0044] The reading device is a device capable of reading electronic tag information, including electronic tag readers (such as RFID readers), base stations for reading passive tags, and satellite systems for reading passive tags. In this embodiment, many devices are capable of reading electronic tags, such as gates and barriers in shopping malls and supermarkets, subway barriers, 5G base stations, RFID base stations, ETC reading devices, vehicle annual inspection electronic tag reading devices, etc. The satellite system is a system in which multiple base stations communicate with satellites, and the satellites then communicate with servers. This type of system is currently used in passive positioning solutions in ocean shipping, polar exploration, and wildlife conservation.

[0045] Since the reading device is fixed, once it reads the RFID tag information, it means the tag is nearby. The distance between the tag and the reading device can be estimated using the signal transmission time between them, indicating the user is within a certain distance range around the reading device. When there are two or more reading devices, triangulation and RFID positioning methods can be used for further tag positioning. The exact location of the tag and the reading device can be calculated using the position of the reading device and the distance between them. All of this can be calculated by software built into the server; the results only need to be output and recorded. When a reading device reads the RFID tag signal, the reading time must also be recorded. If multiple readers read the RFID tag information within a certain time period, the server organizes the information according to the order of reading to obtain path information and achieve path tracking.

[0046] The database can store maps or building structures in advance, and the reading device's position within the stored map or building is fixed. Therefore, once the reading device reads the tag, it can roughly determine the range or location of the electronic tag within the map or building. Simultaneously, the server stores the location and path of each location, forming a historical path or location, to facilitate subsequent location and path calculations.

[0047] During the location and path estimation process, the system first uses maps or building diagrams to determine accessible routes near the reading device. Then, it combines historical paths and location data to estimate the frequency of travel along each route; a higher frequency indicates a greater probability of the user appearing at the next location. Simultaneously, by combining the reading time, the time difference between location estimation and actual movement speed, the approximate location along each path can be further estimated. If a reading device is present at the estimated location but fails to detect the electronic tag's signal, it means the probability of the user traversing that route is low. Through this process, the user's approximate walking path and location can ultimately be determined.

[0048] Of course, it can be combined with other positioning devices to achieve further positioning, such as GPS devices or Beidou devices that are bound to the user ID. By using the positioning information of other positioning devices, the user's movement path and location can be further calculated. This method can achieve high-precision indoor navigation and positioning.

[0049] See Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of one type of electronic tag structure, including a first encapsulation layer 110, a second encapsulation layer 120, and a tag body 200. The tag body 200 is fixed between the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120, and the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120 are sealed and fixed together, thereby achieving waterproof and dustproof protection.

[0050] The tag body 200 can be composed of an antenna and circuitry printed on the first encapsulation layer 110 or the second encapsulation layer 120 using conductive silver paste, conductive ink, etc., and then mounted on the first encapsulation layer 110 or the second encapsulation layer 120. This is essentially the existing printed electronic tag.

[0051] The label body 200 can also be a separately manufactured component, which is then encapsulated within the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120. This embodiment prefers this method because printing is not resistant to bending and has slightly inferior performance.

[0052] Specifically, the tag body 200 can be made of a bend-resistant and low-temperature-resistant conductive material for the antenna and circuit, and then the chip can be installed and fixed. In this embodiment, a nano-silver wire conductive film or a graphene-based conductive film can be selected for fabrication. For example, the antenna and circuit can be punched or cut into the corresponding film, and then the chip can be installed and fixed on the film to obtain the tag body 200. The tag body 200 can then be encapsulated in the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120. The nano-silver wire conductive film and the graphene-based conductive film have excellent conductivity and mechanical strength, and can maintain stable conductivity even in low-temperature environments (minus 20 degrees Celsius and below), thus meeting the requirements of high-frequency bending and low-temperature use environments. In this case, the tag body 200 can be first bonded and fixed to the first encapsulation layer 110 or the second encapsulation layer 120, and then the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120 can be sealed and fixed.

[0053] The first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120 can also be made of materials that are resistant to bending and low temperatures, such as polyimide film and cold-resistant PVC film. At the same time, the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120 can be sealed and fixed together by means of heat sealing, adhesive sealing, ultrasonic welding, etc.

[0054] Preferably, a water-sensitive color-changing material can be applied to the label body 200 or the corresponding areas of the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120. If water enters between the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120, the water-sensitive color-changing material will change color, prompting the user to replace it and preventing it from affecting use. The water-sensitive color-changing material can be a water-sensitive pigment, water-sensitive paint, water-sensitive ink, etc.

[0055] In this embodiment, the electronic tag 100 can be fixed to the user's clothes, pants, shoes, or other wearable items by means of sewing, pasting, or even directly pasted onto the user's body.

[0056] See Figure 3An adhesive 310 may be applied to the outer surface of the first encapsulation layer 110 or the second encapsulation layer 120 to attach and fix the electronic tag 100 to the desired location. The adhesive 310 may be a self-adhesive label.

[0057] See Figure 4 The hook surface 320 of the tear-off buckle can be fixed on the outer end face of the first encapsulation layer 110 or the second encapsulation layer 120. The rough surface of the tear-off buckle can be fixed on the user's clothes, pants, shoes and other wearable items. The electronic tag can be fixed by sticking the hook surface 320 on the rough surface.

[0058] See Figure 5 Button holes 101 can be provided on the first encapsulation layer 110 and the second encapsulation layer 120 to fix buttons on the user's clothes, pants, shoes and other wearable items. The buttons pass through the button holes 101 to fix the electronic tag 100.

[0059] See Figure 6 A bag 420 can be set on the user's clothing, pants, shoes and other wearable items 410. The inside of the bag 420 is a placement cavity 401. The electronic tag 100 is placed in the placement cavity 401, and the opening of the bag 420 is fixed to the wearable item 410. The fixing method can be adhesive, tear-off fastener, sewing or other methods.

[0060] See Figure 7 To prevent the electronic tag 100 from being mistakenly torn off and to ensure easy disassembly and assembly, this embodiment has a buckle seat 430 fixed on the wearable 410. The buckle seat 430 is provided with a spring piece 431 and a buckle piece 451. The spring piece 431 and the buckle piece 451 are elastic. A magnetic block 440 is installed on the spring piece 431. The magnetic block 440 can be attracted to a magnet.

[0061] A latch head 450 is mounted on the latch piece 451. The latch head 450 has an outer bevel 452 and an inner bevel 453. The inner bevel 453 fits against the switch bevel 441 of the magnetic block 440, thereby keeping the latch head 450 inserted into the latch groove 131. The latch groove 131 is located on the latch sleeve 130. The inner side of the end of the latch sleeve 130 has a chamfered bevel 132, and the interior of the latch sleeve 130 is a hollow latch cavity 133. The latch cavity 133 is fitted onto the latch base 430. The latch sleeve 130 is fixed to the electronic tag 100.

[0062] The spring piece 431 applies an elastic force to the magnetic block 440, pushing it inwards towards the inclined surface 453, and the buckle piece 451 applies an elastic force to the buckle head 450, moving it away from the buckle groove 131. Figure 7The demonstration shows the installed state of the electronic tag. When the electronic tag needs to be removed, a magnet is placed on one side of the wearable 410. The magnet attracts the magnetic block 440 to the wearable 410 through magnetic force. The magnetic block 440 overcomes the elastic force of the spring piece 431 and moves away from the electronic tag 100, thereby causing the switch inclined surface 441 to separate from the inner inclined surface 453. The buckle piece 451 carries the buckle head 450 away from the buckle groove 131 and rotates until it exits into the buckle groove 131. At this time, the electronic tag 100 can be pulled out.

[0063] When installing an electronic tag, the clip sleeve 130 is fitted over the clip head 450 and then pressed against the wearer 410. This causes the chamfered surface 132 to press against the outer chamfered surface 452, applying pressure to the magnetic block 440 against the spring. The magnetic block 440 moves downward so that the clip sleeve 130 fits over the clip seat 430. When the clip groove 131 aligns with the clip head 450, the magnetic block 440 resets, pushing the clip head into the clip groove 131 to complete the installation. This design allows the electronic tag to be removed only by magnetic attraction, effectively preventing it from being torn off by the user or others, thus ensuring effective positioning.

[0064] Figures 3-7 All of them are designed to be detachable, which is mainly to prevent damage when washing clothes or getting wet, and also to facilitate replacement.

[0065] See Figure 8 When used outdoors, situations may arise such as power outages preventing the management terminal from obtaining location information, lack of reading devices, or damage to the electronic tag. In such cases, additional safety measures are necessary. To address this, this embodiment adds a miniature compass 500, which can be adhesively attached to the electronic tag 100.

[0066] See Figure 9 The electronic tag 100 has a through-hole 102, and the compass 500 has a plug-in protrusion 510. One end of the plug-in protrusion 510 passes through the plug-in hole 102, and a protruding ring 511 is provided on this end of the plug-in protrusion 510. The protruding ring 511 is elastic. When the protruding ring 511 passes through the plug-in hole 102, it undergoes elastic deformation and returns to its original shape after passing through the plug-in hole 102, thereby making it difficult for the plug-in protrusion 510 to be pulled out of the plug-in hole 102 in the opposite direction.

[0067] See Figure 10 A ring of protrusions 520 can be provided on the compass 500. The protrusions 520 are fitted into an annular groove 141, which is set on the retaining film 140. The retaining film 140 is fixed to the end face of the electronic tag 100. The retaining film 140 is preferably glued to the end face of the electronic tag 100. The protrusions 520 cannot pass through the annular groove 141, thereby realizing the assembly and fixation of the compass 500 and the electronic tag 100.

[0068] If you get lost outdoors, you can use a compass 500 to find your way and get out of danger as quickly as possible.

[0069] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A passive tracking and positioning system, characterized in that, include: Electronic tags are carried or worn by users. The electronic tags contain the user's ID information, which is then used by the system to associate the user with the user as an identification identifier. A reading device is used to read information from electronic tags and upload the read information to a server or a designated device for storage via a network. A network is used to connect reading devices, servers, and management terminals. The server is used to store information uploaded by reading devices, receive instructions and access requests from the management end, store the database, and perform subsequent location and path calculations. The management console is used to access the server over the network to obtain data from the server or send instructions to the server.

2. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic tag includes a first encapsulation layer, a second encapsulation layer, and a tag body. The tag body is fixed between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, and the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are sealed and fixed together.

3. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tag body consists of an antenna and circuit printed on a first or second encapsulation layer using conductive silver paste or conductive ink, and then a chip mounted on the first or second encapsulation layer. The chip, circuit, and antenna are electrically connected.

4. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The label itself is a pre-made component, which is then encapsulated within the first and second encapsulation layers.

5. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The tag body uses a conductive material that is resistant to bending and low temperatures to make the antenna and circuit, and then the chip is installed and fixed.

6. The passive tracking and positioning system according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The first and second encapsulation layers are made of materials that are resistant to bending and low temperatures. The first and second encapsulation layers are fixed and sealed by any one or a combination of thermoforming, adhesive sealing, and ultrasonic welding.

7. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Apply a water-sensitive color-changing material to the label body or to the corresponding area of ​​the first or second encapsulation layer and the label body.

8. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer end face of the first or second encapsulation layer is detachably attached to the user's wearable device.

9. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The wearable device is fixed with a buckle seat, which is provided with a spring and a buckle piece. The spring and buckle piece are elastic, and a magnetic block is installed on the spring, which can be attracted to a magnet. The latching piece is equipped with a latching head, which has an inner bevel. The inner bevel fits against the switch bevel of the magnetic block, thereby keeping the latching head inserted into the latching slot. The latching slot is located on the latching sleeve, which is fixed to the electronic tag. The interior of the latching sleeve is a hollow latching cavity, which is fitted onto the latching base. The spring piece applies a spring force to the magnetic block, pushing it inward toward the inner bevel, and the latching piece applies a spring force to the latching head, moving it away from the latching slot.

10. The passive tracking and positioning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a compass, which is detachably mounted on the electronic tag.

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