Boiling hot blast stove of vertical rotating fluidized bed

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot-blast stove which comprises a hearth, a hot-blast stove body, a hot-blast stove body and a hot-blast stove body. The top of the rotary air bellow extends into the annular base, the outer side of the top of the rotary air bellow is dynamically connected with the inner side of the annular base in a sealed mode, the rotary air bellow is communicated with the interior of the hearth, and the lower portion of the rotary air bellow is connected with an air blowing pipeline through a rotary connector; the fixed seat is fixed through a supporting stand column and located below the annular base, a fixed seat ring, a rotary seat ring and balls located between the fixed seat ring and the rotary seat ring are arranged on the fixed seat, and the rotary seat ring is fixedly connected with the rotary air bellow; and the hydraulic motor is arranged on the fixed seat. According to the rotary air bellow, the fluidization quality is optimized by dynamically adjusting air flow distribution, and the problems of non-uniform fluidization, coking risk, insufficient combustion efficiency and the like of a traditional air distribution plate under complex working conditions are solved through a mechanical rotation mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fluidized bed combustion furnace, especially to a vertical rotary fluidized bed combustion hot blast furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fluidized bed combustion hot blast furnace is a kind of combustion equipment widely used in energy, chemical industry and other fields, and the hearth is used as the combustion chamber, usually adopts steel structure shell, and is lined with heat preservation brick and refractory brick inside to reduce heat loss and protect the furnace structure, the combustion chamber is mainly composed of air distribution system, fluidized bed, feeding and slagging system and other parts, the air distribution system includes air chamber and air distribution plate, the air chamber is located at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace, and it is a space for accommodating and distributing airflow, and the air distribution plate is installed above the air chamber and is the key component of the air distribution system.The fluidized bed includes boiling section and expansion section, the boiling section is a region with higher bed material concentration and more intense fluidization in the fluidized bed furnace, and its lower part is connected with the air distribution plate, and the upper part is connected with the expansion section, in the boiling section, solid particles are in a state of intense tumbling and mixing under the action of airflow, forming a phenomenon similar to boiling, and in the expansion section, the concentration of solid particles is lower, and the particles mainly ascend with airflow in a suspended state.However, the air distribution plate of the existing fluidized bed hot blast furnace has problems such as uneven fluidization, coking risk and insufficient combustion efficiency under complex working conditions, and the traditional fixed air distribution plate relies on static orifice plate or air cap design, which is easily affected by factors such as uneven distribution of fuel particles and bed material deposition, resulting in local airflow short circuit (channeling) or fluidization dead zone. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at providing a vertical rotary fluidized bed combustion hot blast furnace to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: first, the utility model provides a vertical rotary fluidized bed combustion hot blast furnace, which comprises:

[0005] The hearth is provided with an annular base at the bottom;

[0006] The rotary air bellow extends into the annular base at the top and is dynamically sealed and connected with the inner side of the annular base at the top outside, the rotary air bellow is communicated with the hearth, and a blast pipe is connected below through a rotary joint; the dynamic sealing connection is formed by a sealing piece of high-temperature-resistant flexible material between the rotary air bellow and the annular base, when the rotary air bellow rotates, the sealing piece can adapt to the rotating motion of the rotary air bellow while maintaining the sealing performance, so as to prevent fluid leakage between the rotary air bellow, the sealing piece and the annular base;

[0007] A fixed seat is arranged below the annular base and fixed to the ground by supporting columns, and a fixed seat ring and a rotating seat ring are arranged on the fixed seat, and a ball is arranged between the fixed seat ring and the rotating seat ring, and the rotating seat ring is fixedly connected with the rotating wind box;

[0008] A hydraulic motor is arranged on the fixed seat;

[0009] A ratchet mechanism is arranged, which comprises an annular ratchet, a rocker, a pawl and an elastic member, the outer edge of the annular ratchet is provided with a tooth groove, the annular inner side is fixedly connected with the outer side of the rotating seat ring, the pawl is arranged on one end of the rocker and is forced to insert into the tooth groove by the elastic force provided by the elastic member, and the other end of the rocker is connected with the output shaft of the hydraulic motor.

[0010] During operation, the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is driven to rotate, the rocker swings counterclockwise or clockwise around the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, drives the pawl to insert into the tooth groove of the annular ratchet, and pushes the ratchet to rotate by an angle, at this time, the rocker continuously swings, the end of the pawl slides on the tooth back of the ratchet in the reverse direction of the rotation direction of the ratchet to another tooth groove, when the rocker continuously reciprocating swings, the ratchet makes intermittent motion in one direction, the rotation of the ratchet drives the rotating seat ring to rotate, so that the rotating wind box rotates, and through the rotating motion, the airflow forms a dynamic rotating flow field at the bottom of the bed layer, forcibly breaks the local airflow stagnation, and realizes the improvement of the uniformity of the full bed layer fluidization.

[0011] As an extension of the above scheme, the outer side wall of the rotating wind box extends downward to form an annular connecting plate, the bottom of the annular connecting plate is provided with an annular turntable, the annular turntable is overlapped on the rotating seat ring, and the annular turntable is fixedly attached to the annular ratchet.

[0012] In the technical scheme of the extension, the annular connecting plate between the rotating wind box and the rotating seat ring provides support and stability for the rotating wind box, improves the rotation stability of the rotating wind box, and the bottom of the annular connecting plate is fixedly attached to the annular ratchet through the annular turntable, when the ratchet is pushed by the pawl, the annular turntable and the rotating wind box are directly transmitted, the overall structure is stable and reliable, and the transmission efficiency is high.

[0013] As an extension of the above scheme, the rotating wind box and the furnace are further provided with an air distributor, and the air distributor is fixedly arranged above the air outlet of the rotating wind box.

[0014] In the extended scheme, the air pipe delivers air to the rotating wind box, and the air distributor uniformly distributes the high-speed airflow to form a fluidized bed by lifting the particles in the boiling section, the air distributor and the rotating wind box rotate synchronously, and the direction of the air outlet periodically changes, so that the bed material is uniformly dispersed under the action of centrifugal force. And the feed inlet of the furnace is fixedly arranged, and the rotation of the rotating wind box and the air distributor can avoid the accumulation of materials.

[0015] As an extension of the above scheme, an annular sealing groove is provided between the rotating wind box and the annular base, which is filled with a high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer including a graphite woven filler layer, a ceramic fiber rope layer, and an expanded graphite plate layer. The high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer provides sealing between the rotating wind box and the annular base, ensuring fluidization effect, preventing air and ash leakage, and maintaining stable furnace pressure. At the same time, the flexible material can adapt to the displacement of the rotating wind box or air distributor due to thermal expansion.

[0016] As an extension of the above scheme, a boiling section, an expansion section, a narrowing section, and an outlet section are provided from bottom to top in the furnace. The boiling section adopts a tapered structure with a small lower cross-sectional area and a large upper cross-sectional area, and is in communication with the rotating wind box. The expansion section is provided with a feed inlet on the side. The narrowing section adopts a tapered structure with a large lower cross-sectional area and a small upper cross-sectional area. The top of the outlet section is connected to an externally provided cyclone dust collector through a flue gas pipeline.

[0017] The extension scheme controls the flow velocity through the tapered expansion of the boiling section and the expansion of the cross-sectional area of the expansion section, forming a staged combustion and particle circulation mechanism. The multiple fluidization and combustion reactions of particles in the furnace are completed, the residence time of particles in the high-temperature zone is extended through flow velocity staging control, large particles are returned to the boiling section for combustion circulation, the combustible content in the flue gas is reduced, and the risk of carbon deposition and thermal stress damage in subsequent equipment is reduced.

[0018] As an extension of the above scheme, a primary air distribution blower is also included, and the air supply channel of the primary air distribution blower is connected to the air blowing pipeline of the rotating wind box. The primary air distribution blower delivers air to the rotating wind box, which is uniformly distributed by the air distributor to form a high-speed airflow to lift the particles in the boiling section to form a fluidized bed. The tapered structure of the boiling section causes the airflow velocity to gradually decrease with increasing height. After experiencing intense fluidization and mixing at the bottom of the boiling section, the particles enter the expansion section with the rising airflow, and the flow velocity suddenly decreases. Larger unburned particles settle back to the boiling section due to gravity to continue the combustion reaction.

[0019] As an extension of the above scheme, a secondary air distribution blower is also included, which has a vertically arranged air supply pipeline that branches into a secondary air distribution pipe. The air supply port of the secondary air distribution pipe is located in the feed inlet to supply air into the furnace. This extension scheme controls the simultaneous injection of airflow and material through the design of the secondary air distribution pipe. By increasing the secondary air distribution while feeding, high-speed airflow can be supplied to the bottom of the fluidized bed to enhance the particle fluidization intensity.

[0020] As an extension of the above scheme, the air supply pipeline branches out three air distribution pipes, and the upper circumferential array of the enlarged section is provided with a plurality of tertiary air distribution holes, and the tertiary air distribution pipes supply air into the furnace through the tertiary air distribution holes. The tertiary air distribution pipes and the tertiary air distribution holes supply air into the furnace to maintain the fluidized state of the enlarged section, form a turbulent airflow, and promote the mixing of fuel and oxygen.

[0021] As an extension of the above scheme, the air supply pipeline branches out four air distribution pipes, and the middle circumferential array of the narrowed section is provided with a plurality of quaternary air distribution holes, and the quaternary air distribution pipes supply air into the furnace through the quaternary air distribution holes. The quaternary air distribution pipes and the quaternary air distribution holes supply air into the furnace to form a vortex in the airflow contraction area, prolonging the residence time of particles.

[0022] As an extension of the above scheme, the outlet section is provided with a plurality of quinary air distribution holes, and the air supply pipeline supplies air into the furnace through the quinary air distribution holes. The quinary air distribution holes supplement oxygen before the flue gas is discharged, promoting the secondary combustion of residual combustibles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples;

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a boiling hot blast furnace according to an example;

[0025] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of area A in FIG. 1; Figure 1

[0026] Figure 3 FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a ratchet mechanism and a hydraulic motor.

[0027] In the drawings: 100: furnace, 110: annular base, 120: boiling section, 130: enlarged section, 131: feed inlet, 140: narrowed section, 150: outlet section, 151: quinary air distribution hole, 200: rotary air bellow, 210: rotary joint, 220: air blast pipeline, 230: annular connecting plate, 240: annular turntable, 300: fixed seat, 310: support column, 320: fixed race, 330: rotary race, 340: ball, 400: hydraulic motor, 410: output shaft, 500: ratchet mechanism, 510: annular ratchet, 511: tooth groove, 520: rocker, 530: pawl, 600: air distributor, 700: layer of high-temperature-resistant flexible material, 800: primary air blast blower, 900: secondary air blast blower, 910: air supply pipeline, 920: secondary air distribution pipe, 921: air supply port, 930: tertiary air distribution pipe, 931: tertiary air distribution hole, 940: quaternary air distribution pipe, 941: quaternary air distribution hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION​

[0028] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, if there are words such as "several", they mean one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The following are several embodiments of a vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot air furnace according to this utility model.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, a vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot air furnace includes:

[0034] The furnace chamber 100 has an annular base 110 at its bottom;

[0035] The rotary bellows 200 extends into the annular base 110 at its top, and its outer top is dynamically sealed to the inner side of the annular base 110. The dynamic sealing connection is formed between the rotary bellows 200 and the annular base 110 by a sealing element made of high-temperature resistant flexible material. When the rotary bellows 200 rotates, the sealing element can adapt to the rotational movement of the rotary bellows 200 while maintaining its sealing performance, preventing fluid leakage from the rotary bellows 200, the sealing element, and the annular base 110. The rotary bellows 200 is connected to the furnace 100, and a blower pipe 220 is connected to its lower part via a rotary joint 210.

[0036] A fixed seat 300 is located below the annular base 110 and is fixed to the ground by a support column 310, and a fixed race 320 and a rotating race 330 are arranged on the fixed seat 300, and a plurality of rolling balls 340 are arranged between the fixed race 320 and the rotating race 330, and the rotating race 330 is fixedly connected with the rotating wind box 200;

[0037] A hydraulic motor 400 is arranged on the fixed seat 300.

[0038] A ratchet mechanism 500 includes an annular ratchet 510, a rocker 520, a pawl 530, and an elastic member, the outer edge of the annular ratchet 510 is provided with a tooth groove 511, the annular inner side is fixedly connected with the outer side of the rotating race 330, the pawl 530 is arranged on one end of the rocker 520 and is forced to insert the tooth groove 511 by the elastic force provided by the elastic member, and the other end of the rocker 520 is connected with the output shaft 410 of the hydraulic motor 400.

[0039] In operation, the hydraulic motor drives the output shaft to rotate, the rocker swings counterclockwise or clockwise around the output shaft of the hydraulic motor, drives the pawl to insert the tooth groove of the annular ratchet, and pushes the ratchet to rotate by an angle, at this time, the rocker continuously swings, the end of the pawl slides in the reverse direction of the rotation direction of the ratchet on the tooth back of the ratchet to another tooth groove, when the rocker continuously reciprocating swings, the ratchet makes intermittent motion in one direction, and the rotation of the ratchet drives the rotating race to rotate, so that the rotating wind box rotates, and through the rotating motion, the airflow forms a dynamic rotating flow field at the bottom of the bed layer, forcibly breaks the local airflow stagnation, and realizes the improvement of the uniformity of the full bed layer fluidization.

[0040] The rotation of the rotating wind box of the embodiment optimizes the fluidization quality by dynamically adjusting the airflow distribution, and solves the problems of uneven fluidization, coking risk and insufficient combustion efficiency of the traditional air distribution plate under complex working conditions through the mechanical rotation mechanism.

[0041] The traditional fixed air distribution plate relies on the design of static orifice plate or air cap, is easily affected by factors such as uneven distribution of fuel particles and bed material deposition, and causes local airflow short circuit (channeling) or fluidization dead zone. Through the rotating motion, the airflow forms a dynamic rotating flow field at the bottom of the bed layer, forcibly breaks the local airflow stagnation, and realizes the improvement of the uniformity of the full bed layer fluidization.

[0042] The local overheating of fuel particles in the traditional furnace and the poor fluidization cause the fusion and adhesion of ash and slag, form block coking, block the air distribution holes, and worsen the combustion. The embodiment can actively inhibit coking and ash accumulation, the rotation of the rotating wind box can dynamically adjust the airflow distribution, reduce the local high-temperature area, avoid the fusion of ash and slag, significantly enhance the contact strength of fuel particles and air, and promote the volatilization and combustion of coke.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer side wall of the rotating air bellow 200 extends downward to a ring-shaped connecting plate 230, the bottom of the ring-shaped connecting plate 230 is provided with a ring-shaped turntable 240, the ring-shaped turntable 240 is fixedly attached to the ring-shaped ratchet wheel 510 and overlaps the rotating seat 330.

[0044] In this embodiment, the ring-shaped connecting plate between the rotating air bellow and the rotating seat provides support and stability to the rotating air bellow, improves the rotation stability of the rotating air bellow, and the bottom of the ring-shaped connecting plate is fixedly attached to the ring-shaped ratchet wheel through the ring-shaped turntable. When the ratchet wheel is pushed by the pawl, it is directly transmitted to the ring-shaped turntable and the rotating air bellow, the overall structure is stable and reliable, and the transmission efficiency is high.

[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The rotating air bellow 200 and the hearth 100 are also provided with an air distributor 600, which is fixedly arranged above the air outlet of the rotating air bellow 200.

[0046] In this embodiment, the air duct delivers air to the rotating air bellow, and the air is uniformly distributed by the air distributor to form a high-speed airflow to lift the particles in the boiling section to form a fluidized bed. The air distributor and the rotating air bellow rotate synchronously, and the direction of the air outlet changes periodically, so that the bed material is uniformly dispersed under the action of centrifugal force. The feed inlet of the hearth is fixedly arranged, and the rotation of the rotating air bellow and the air distributor can avoid the accumulation of material.

[0047] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 A ring-shaped sealing groove is arranged between the rotating air bellow 200 and the ring-shaped base 110, the ring-shaped sealing groove is filled with a layer of high-temperature-resistant flexible material 700, the high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer 700 includes a layer of graphite woven filler, a layer of ceramic fiber rope, and a layer of expanded graphite plate. The high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer provides sealing between the rotating air bellow and the ring-shaped base, ensures the fluidization effect, prevents air and ash leakage, and maintains stable hearth pressure. At the same time, the flexible material can adapt to the displacement of the rotating air bellow or the air distributor due to thermal expansion. In some preferred modes, the compression amount (compression rate 15%~20%) of the high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer is dynamically adjusted by gland bolts to adapt to the thermal expansion displacement (0.3~0.5mm / ℃) of the rotating air bellow or the air distributor. Further, the high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer is arranged in multiple layers in a staggered manner (inner layer resistant to high temperature, outer layer resistant to wear), and high-temperature sealing glue (such as alumina-based glue, resistant to 1200℃) is coated on the contact interface to fill small gaps.

[0048] In some embodiments, the furnace 100 is provided with a boiling section 120, an expansion section 130, a narrowing section 140, and an outlet section 150 from bottom to top. The boiling section 120 has a conical structure with a smaller lower cross-sectional area and a larger upper cross-sectional area, and is in communication with the rotary air bellow 200. The expansion section 130 is provided with a feeding port 131 on the side. The narrowing section 140 has a conical structure with a larger lower cross-sectional area and a smaller upper cross-sectional area. The top of the outlet section 150 is connected to an external cyclone dust collector through a flue gas pipeline.

[0049] The conical structure of the boiling section refers to a geometric shape with a gradually expanding cross-section from bottom to top, which can specifically adopt a circular truncated cone or a prismatic truncated cone structure. The cross-sectional area is expanded to reduce the upward gas flow velocity, thereby prolonging the residence time of particles in the high-temperature zone. The expansion section refers to a cylindrical structure with a cross-sectional area greater than or equal to that of the boiling section. Specifically, it can be realized by a larger diameter cylinder body coaxially connected to the bottom of the boiling section. The sudden change in cross-sectional area causes the flow velocity to drop sharply when the gas enters the expansion section, reducing the kinetic energy of the gas and promoting the sedimentation of larger particles due to gravity. The narrowing section refers to a conical structure with a gradually decreasing cross-section from bottom to top. Specifically, it can be realized by a reducing pipe section with a smaller top diameter than the bottom diameter. The gradual change in cross-sectional area forms a velocity gradient, causing the gas flow velocity to be lower than the terminal velocity of the particles, resulting in the sedimentation of residual fine particles. The outlet section is located at the top of the narrowing section, which is the highest point in the furnace.

[0050] The present embodiment controls the flow velocity through the conical expansion of the boiling section and the expansion of the cross-sectional area of the expansion section, forming a staged combustion and particle circulation mechanism. The multiple fluidization and combustion reactions of particles in the furnace are completed, the residence time of particles in the high-temperature zone is prolonged through flow velocity staging and regulation, the large particles are promoted to sediment back to the boiling section to complete the combustion cycle, the combustible content in the flue gas is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of carbon deposition and thermal stress damage in subsequent equipment.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The primary air blower 800 is connected to the blast pipeline 220 of the rotary air bellow 200. The primary air blower delivers air to the rotary air bellow, which is uniformly distributed by the air distributor to form a high-speed gas flow to lift the particles in the boiling section to form a fluidized bed. The conical structure of the boiling section causes the gas flow velocity to gradually decrease with increasing height. After experiencing intense fluidization and mixing at the bottom of the boiling section, the particles enter the expansion section with a sudden drop in flow velocity, and the larger unburned particles sediment back to the boiling section to continue the combustion reaction.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1As shown, it also includes a secondary air distribution blower 900, which has a vertically arranged air conveying pipe 910. The air conveying pipe 910 branches off to a secondary air distribution pipe 920. The air supply port 921 of the secondary air distribution pipe 920 is located at the feed inlet 131 to supply air into the furnace 100. In this embodiment, the design of the secondary air distribution pipe controls the simultaneous injection of airflow and material. While feeding material, secondary air distribution can be increased to supplement high-speed airflow to the bottom of the fluidized bed, enhancing the fluidization intensity of the particles.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the air supply pipe 910 branches off to a tertiary air distribution pipe 930. The upper circumferential array of the enlarged section 130 is provided with a plurality of tertiary air distribution holes 931. The tertiary air distribution pipe 930 supplies air into the furnace 100 through the tertiary air distribution holes 931. The air supplied into the furnace by the tertiary air distribution pipe and the tertiary air distribution holes maintains the fluidized state of the enlarged section, forming a turbulent airflow and promoting the mixing of fuel and oxygen.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the air supply duct 910 branches off into a secondary air distribution duct 940. The narrowing section 140 has a plurality of secondary air distribution holes 941 arranged in a circular array in its middle. The secondary air distribution duct 940 supplies air into the furnace 100 through the secondary air distribution holes 941. The secondary air distribution duct and the four air distribution holes supply air into the furnace to create vortices in the airflow contraction region, thus prolonging the particle residence time.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outlet section 150 is arranged in a circular array with several five-stage air distribution holes 151, and the air supply pipe 910 supplies air into the furnace 100 through the five-stage air distribution holes 151. The five-stage air distribution holes replenish oxygen before the flue gas is discharged, promoting the secondary combustion of residual combustibles.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace, characterized by, The utility model relates to a rotary furnace, which comprises: a furnace (100) with an annular base (110) at the bottom; a rotary air bellow (200) with the top extending into the annular base (110) and the outer side of the top being dynamically sealed with the inner side of the annular base (110), the rotary air bellow (200) being in communication with the furnace (100) and being connected with a blast pipe (220) through a rotary joint (210) at the bottom; a fixed seat (300) being located below the annular base (110) and being fixed on the ground through a supporting column (310), the fixed seat (300) being provided with a fixed seat ring (320) and a rotary seat ring (330) and a ball (340) between the fixed seat ring (320) and the rotary seat ring (330), the rotary seat ring (330) being fixedly connected with the rotary air bellow (200); a hydraulic motor (400) being arranged on the fixed seat (300); a ratchet mechanism (500) comprising an annular ratchet (510), a rocker (520), a pawl (530) and an elastic member, the outer edge of the annular ratchet (510) being provided with a tooth groove (511), the annular inner side being fixedly connected with the outer side of the rotary seat ring (330), the pawl (530) being arranged on one end of the rocker (520) and being forced to insert into the tooth groove (511) by the elastic force provided by the elastic member, the other end of the rocker (520) being connected with the output shaft (410) of the hydraulic motor (400).

2. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer side wall of the rotary air bellow (200) extends downward to form an annular connecting plate (230), the bottom of the annular connecting plate (230) being provided with an annular turntable (240), the annular turntable (240) being overlapped on the rotary seat ring (330), and the annular turntable (240) being fixedly attached to the annular ratchet (510).

3. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotary air bellow (200) and the furnace (100) are further provided with an air distributor (600), the air distributor (600) being fixedly arranged above the air outlet of the rotary air bellow (200).

4. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that An annular sealing groove is arranged between the rotary air bellow (200) and the annular base (110), the annular sealing groove being filled with a high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer (700), the high-temperature-resistant flexible material layer (700) comprising a graphite woven filler layer, a ceramic fiber rope layer and an expanded graphite plate layer.

5. A vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The furnace (100) is provided with a boiling section (120), an expanding section (130), a narrowing section (140) and an outlet section (150) from bottom to top, the boiling section (120) adopting a conical structure with a small lower cross-sectional area and a large upper cross-sectional area, the lower part being in communication with the rotary air bellow (200), the expanding section (130) being provided with a feeding port (131) at the side, the narrowing section (140) adopting a conical structure with a large lower cross-sectional area and a small upper cross-sectional area, and the top of the outlet section (150) being connected with an externally arranged cyclone dust collector through a flue gas pipe.

6. A vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that Also included is a primary air distribution blower (800) having an air delivery channel connected to the air blast duct (220) of the rotary air box (200).

7. A vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that Also included is a secondary air distribution blower (900) having an air delivery duct (910) arranged vertically, the air delivery duct (910) branching into secondary air distribution tubes (920), the secondary air distribution tubes (920) having air delivery ports (921) arranged to deliver air into the furnace (100) at the feed inlet (131).

8. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that The air delivery duct (910) branches into tertiary air distribution tubes (930), the upper circumferential array of the enlarged section (130) having a plurality of tertiary air distribution holes (931), the tertiary air distribution tubes (930) delivering air into the furnace (100) through the tertiary air distribution holes (931).

9. A vertical rotating fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that The air delivery duct (910) branches into quaternary air distribution tubes (940), the middle circumferential array of the narrowed section (140) having a plurality of quaternary air distribution holes (941), the quaternary air distribution tubes (940) delivering air into the furnace (100) through the quaternary air distribution holes (941).

10. A vertical rotary fluidized bed boiling hot blast furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that The outlet section (150) has a circumferential array of quinary air distribution holes (151), the air delivery duct (910) delivering air into the furnace (100) through the quinary air distribution holes (151).

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