Fuel cell system and hydrogen backflow device thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell system and a hydrogen backflow device thereof, the fuel cell system comprises a shell, a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity are formed in the shell, and an elastic separator is arranged between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity; the shell is provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet which are communicated with the first containing cavity, the shell is further provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are communicated with the second containing cavity, and when gas enters the second containing cavity, the elastic dividing piece is pressed towards the first containing cavity so as to assist the first containing cavity in discharging hydrogen. The arrangement of the hydrogen return device is simplified, an independent electrical circuit does not need to be configured for the hydrogen return device, the power consumption requirement is reduced, the safety coefficient is improved, and the unpredictable risk introduced to the reliability of an electrical system is prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to fuel cell technical field especially relates to a kind of fuel cell system and its hydrogen backflow device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the hydrogen remaining after reaction in fuel cell can be recycled to supply stack again, maintain certain hydrogen excess coefficient, which is important for ensuring the power stability of hydrogen fuel cell system and improving hydrogen utilization rate. At present, the circulating power of excess hydrogen in hydrogen fuel cell system is mainly provided by hydrogen circulating pump.

[0003] The implementation of the above scheme needs to design matching electrical circuit for hydrogen circulating pump and provide additional power consumption. The scheme increases the procurement cost, system size and weight, and also increases auxiliary consumption required for system operation, reduces system efficiency. In addition, the complexity of electrical circuit also introduces unpredictable risks to the reliability of electrical system. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of fuel cell system and its hydrogen backflow device, without configuring separate electrical circuit for hydrogen back device, reduce power consumption demand, improve the safety factor of stack, prevent introducing unpredictable risks to the reliability of electrical system, ensure the reliability of fuel cell system.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a kind of hydrogen backflow device, including shell, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are formed in the shell, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are provided with elastic separator, the hydrogen inlet and hydrogen outlet that communicate the first containing cavity are set up on the shell, the gas inlet and gas outlet that communicate the second containing cavity are also set up on the shell, the elastic separator is pressed to the first containing cavity to assist the first containing cavity to discharge hydrogen when the second containing cavity admits air.

[0006] The utility model embodiment a kind of hydrogen backflow device compared with prior art, its beneficial effects are that: shell has the first containing cavity for containing hydrogen and the second containing cavity for containing air, the first containing cavity and the second containing cavity are separated by elastic separator, the first containing cavity has the hydrogen inlet for receiving the hydrogen discharged by stack, and the hydrogen is sent back to stack by hydrogen outlet, the second containing cavity is connected to the gas inlet device of stack, the air with pressure is sent to the second containing cavity by gas inlet device, so that the air pressure in the second containing cavity is increased, at the same time, the elastic separator is pressed to the first containing cavity, promotes the first containing cavity to discharge hydrogen by hydrogen outlet, is conducive to assisting the first containing cavity to back hydrogen to stack. The present application simplifies the setting of hydrogen back device, without configuring separate electrical circuit for hydrogen back device, reduces power consumption demand, improves safety factor, prevents introducing unpredictable risks to the reliability of electrical system.

[0007] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0008] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0009] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen inlet is arranged in the side wall of the shell near the first containing cavity, and hydrogen outlet is arranged on the top wall of the shell.

[0010] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0011] The utility model also provides a kind of fuel cell system, including electric pile and the hydrogen backflow device of any one of the above embodiment, the electric pile is connected the hydrogen backflow device.

[0012] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0013] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0014] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0015] The hydrogen backflow device of the utility model embodiment, hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen valve are all one-way valve.

[0016] The fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application, the hydrogen return pipeline is further provided with an electromagnetic valve for draining.

[0017] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, and will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned by practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the structure schematic view of the hydrogen backflow device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is the cross-section structure schematic view of the hydrogen backflow device of the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is the structure schematic view of the fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] In the figure, 1, shell;11, first containing cavity;12, second containing cavity;13, elastic separator;14, hydrogen inlet;15, hydrogen outlet;16, air inlet;17, air outlet;2, electric pile;21, hydrogen discharge pipe;22, hydrogen inlet pipe;23, air inlet pipe;4, hydrogen return pipeline;41, gas-water separator;42, electromagnetic valve;5, stop valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation description, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0024] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are understood as not including the number, and above, below, etc. are understood as including the number. If there is a description of first, second, it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen reflux device, including a housing 1, which is cylindrical in shape. A first receiving cavity 11 and a second receiving cavity 12 are formed inside the housing 1. The first receiving cavity 11 is used to receive hydrogen, and the second receiving cavity 12 is used to receive air. The diameter of the first receiving cavity 11 is larger than that of the second receiving cavity 12, and the first receiving cavity 11 is located above the second receiving cavity 12. An elastic separator 13 is provided between the first receiving cavity 11 and the second receiving cavity 12. The elastic separator 13 includes an elastic diaphragm, etc. The elastic separator 13 is horizontally arranged, and the first receiving cavity 11 and the second receiving cavity 12 are separated by the elastic separator 13. The outer shell 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 14 and a hydrogen outlet 15 that connect to the first receiving cavity 11. The hydrogen inlet 14 is used to receive hydrogen gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 2, and then send the hydrogen gas back to the fuel cell stack 2 through the hydrogen outlet 15. The outer shell 1 is also provided with an air inlet 16 and an air outlet 17 that connect to the second receiving cavity 12. The second receiving cavity 12 is connected to the air intake device of the fuel cell stack 2. The air intake device sends pressurized air to the second receiving cavity 12, which increases the air pressure in the second receiving cavity 12. At the same time, it presses the elastic separator 13 against the first receiving cavity 11, which promotes the discharge of hydrogen gas from the first receiving cavity 11 through the hydrogen outlet 15, which is beneficial to assist the first receiving cavity 11 in returning hydrogen to the fuel cell stack 2. This application simplifies the setup of the hydrogen recovery unit, eliminating the need for a separate electrical circuit, reducing power consumption requirements, increasing the safety factor, and preventing unpredictable risks to the reliability of the electrical system.

[0027] In some embodiments of this utility model, a hydrogen reflux valve is provided on the hydrogen inlet 14 and a hydrogen discharge valve is provided on the hydrogen outlet 15. The hydrogen reflux valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are used to control the opening and closing of the hydrogen reflux circuit. When hydrogen reflux is not required, the hydrogen reflux valve and the hydrogen discharge valve can control the closure of the first receiving cavity 11 of the hydrogen reflux device, cutting off the hydrogen reflux passage.

[0028] In some embodiments of this utility model, both the hydrogen reflux valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are one-way valves. Setting them as one-way valves can prevent the hydrogen in the first receiving cavity 11 from being discharged only through the hydrogen discharge valve, thus preventing the hydrogen reflux from affecting the fuel cell stack 2 and ensuring the stability of the hydrogen return system operation.

[0029] Furthermore, the hydrogen inlet 14 is located on the side wall of the outer shell 1 near the first receiving cavity 11, and the hydrogen outlet 15 is located on the top wall of the outer shell 1. When the hydrogen reflux valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are open, they will not affect each other and cause turbulence in the first receiving cavity 11.

[0030] In some embodiments of the utility model, the air outlet 17 is provided with an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve is closed when it is needed to close the second containing cavity 12 to form a high pressure chamber, the second cavity only takes in air through the air inlet 16, the air pressure in the second containing cavity 12 is improved, the elastic separator 13 is pressed to the first containing cavity 11, the hydrogen flow rate of the first containing cavity 11 is improved, after the elastic separator 13 is pressed to the limit, the exhaust valve is opened, and the high pressure air is discharged; the exhaust valve is a one-way valve, since the air discharged from the air outlet is combined with the air exhaust pipe of the stack 2, the setting of the one-way valve can prevent the air discharged from the stack 2 from flowing back to the second containing cavity 12 through the air outlet during the exhaust process.

[0031] The utility model also provides a kind of fuel cell system, including stack 2 and the hydrogen backflow device of any one of above embodiment, stack 2 connects hydrogen backflow device, hydrogen backflow device includes shell 1, shell 1 has first containing cavity 11 for containing hydrogen and second containing cavity 12 containing air in, first containing cavity 11 and second containing cavity 12 are separated by elastic separator 13, first containing cavity 11 has hydrogen inlet 14 for receiving the hydrogen discharged from stack 2, and hydrogen is sent back to stack 2 by hydrogen outlet 15, second containing cavity 12 connects the air inlet device of stack 2, air inlet device sends air with pressure to second containing cavity 12, so that the air pressure in second containing cavity 12 is increased, while elastic separator 13 is pressed to first containing cavity 11, promote first containing cavity 11 to discharge hydrogen by hydrogen outlet 15, it is favorable to assist first containing cavity 11 to hydrogen back to stack 2.The setting of the present application simplifies hydrogen backflow device, need not be configured with separate electrical circuit for hydrogen backflow device, reduce power consumption demand, improve the safety factor of stack 2, prevent introducing unpredictable risk to electrical system, ensure the reliability of fuel cell system.

[0032] In some embodiments of the utility model, stack 2 is connected with hydrogen discharge pipe 21, hydrogen inlet pipe 22 and air inlet pipe 23, hydrogen discharge pipe 21 is connected with hydrogen inlet 14, reacted water-containing hydrogen is sent to first containing cavity 11 by hydrogen discharge pipe 21, hydrogen inlet pipe 22 is connected with hydrogen outlet 15, and hydrogen is returned to stack 2 by hydrogen inlet pipe 22 again;Air inlet pipe 23 is provided with air compressor 3 and air branch pipe 18 connected with air inlet 16, after air enters air inlet pipe 23, pressurization is carried out by air compressor 3, most of high pressure air is sent into stack 2 to react, and another part is sent into second containing cavity 12 by air branch pipe 18 to be the power source of hydrogen backflow device, and the backflow of hydrogen is promoted.

[0033] In some embodiments of the utility model, hydrogen outlet 15 is connected hydrogen inlet pipe 22 through hydrogen return pipeline 4, hydrogen return pipeline 4 is provided with gas water separator 41, gas water separator 41 separates the hydrogen gas with water discharged by electric pile 2 into hydrogen and water, so that the hydrogen gas sent back to electric pile 2 has low water content, to meet the reaction requirement of fuel cell.

[0034] In some embodiments of the utility model, hydrogen inlet pipe 22 is provided with stop valve 5 away from electric pile 2 at one end of hydrogen return pipeline 4, stop valve 5 is used to prevent hydrogen gas from flowing back to hydrogen supply device after reaching hydrogen inlet pipe 22, so that hydrogen gas can be sent to electric pile 2 together with hydrogen gas from hydrogen source to react.

[0035] In some embodiments of the utility model, hydrogen return pipeline 4 is also provided with electromagnetic valve 42 for draining water, to take out the water separated by gas water separator 41 from hydrogen return device, so that the hydrogen gas in hydrogen inlet pipe 22 and electric pile 2 has low water content, to meet the reaction requirement of electric pile 2. Electromagnetic valve 42 is also connected to the exhaust pipeline of electric pile 2, and exhausts fuel cell system together with air.

[0036] The working process of the utility model is as follows: the shell 1 of hydrogen backflow device has a first containing cavity 11 for containing hydrogen and a second containing cavity 12 for containing air, the first containing cavity 11 and the second containing cavity 12 are separated by an elastic separator 13, the first containing cavity 11 has a hydrogen inlet port 14 for receiving hydrogen gas discharged by electric pile 2, and sends hydrogen gas back to electric pile 2 through hydrogen outlet 15, the second containing cavity 12 is connected to the air inlet device of electric pile 2, the air inlet device sends air with pressure to the second containing cavity 12, so that the air pressure in the second containing cavity 12 rises, and the elastic separator 13 is pressed towards the first containing cavity 11 at the same time, to promote the first containing cavity 11 to discharge hydrogen gas through hydrogen outlet 15, which is beneficial to assisting the first containing cavity 11 to return hydrogen to electric pile 2.

[0037] In summary, the utility model embodiment provides a fuel cell system and a hydrogen backflow device thereof, which simplifies the setting of hydrogen return device, does not need to configure a separate electrical circuit for hydrogen return device, reduces the power consumption requirement, improves the safety factor, and prevents introducing unpredictable risks to the reliability of electrical system.

[0038] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary technical personnel in the technical field, some improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen recirculation device, characterized by: The application relates to a hydrogen reflux device, which comprises a shell, a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity formed in the shell, an elastic partition arranged between the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity, a hydrogen inlet port and a hydrogen outlet port of the first accommodating cavity, an air inlet port and an air outlet port of the second accommodating cavity, and the elastic partition is pressed towards the first accommodating cavity when the second accommodating cavity is filled with air to assist the first accommodating cavity in hydrogen discharge.

2. The hydrogen recirculation device of claim 1, wherein: A hydrogen backflow valve is arranged on the hydrogen inlet port, and a hydrogen discharge valve is arranged on the hydrogen outlet port.

3. The hydrogen recirculation device of claim 2, wherein: The hydrogen backflow valve and the hydrogen discharge valve are both one-way valves.

4. The hydrogen recirculation device of claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen inlet port is arranged on a side wall of the shell close to the first accommodating cavity, and the hydrogen outlet port is arranged on a top wall of the shell.

5. The hydrogen recirculation device of claim 1, wherein: An air discharge valve is arranged on the air outlet port, and the air discharge valve is a one-way valve.

6. A fuel cell system characterized by comprising: The application further relates to a hydrogen reflux device and a fuel cell.

7. The fuel cell system of claim 6, wherein: The fuel cell is connected with a hydrogen discharge pipe, a hydrogen inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, the hydrogen discharge pipe is connected with the hydrogen inlet port, the hydrogen inlet pipe is connected with the hydrogen outlet port, and an air branch pipe connected with the air inlet port is arranged on the air inlet pipe.

8. The fuel cell system of claim 7, wherein: The hydrogen outlet port is connected with the hydrogen inlet pipe through a hydrogen backflow pipeline, and an air-water separator is arranged on the hydrogen backflow pipeline.

9. The fuel cell system of claim 8, wherein: A stop valve is arranged on the hydrogen inlet pipe away from the hydrogen backflow pipeline and the fuel cell.

10. The fuel cell system of claim 8, wherein: An electromagnetic valve for water discharge is further arranged on the hydrogen backflow pipeline.

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