Optical optometry system and subjective optometry unit

Abstract

An optical optometry system belongs to the field of optometry and comprises a spherical lens A, a spherical lens B, a cylindrical lens A and a cylindrical lens B which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis from an object side to an image side, the spherical lens A is movably arranged along the optical axis, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are rotatably arranged by taking the optical axis as an axis, an intersection point of an axial position of the cylindrical lens A and an axial position of the cylindrical lens B is positioned on the optical axis, and the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are positioned on the optical axis. The axial position of the cylindrical lens A and the axial position of the cylindrical lens B are both perpendicular to the optical axis, the image-side focal power of the spherical lens A is phi 1, the image-side focal power of the spherical lens B is phi 2, the image-side focal power of the cylindrical lens A is phi 3, the image-side focal power of the cylindrical lens B is phi 4, and phi 1, phi 2, phi 3 and phi 4 meet the following relations that phi 1 is larger than 0 and equal to phi 2 + phi 3, phi 3 is equal to phi 4, and individual independent and rapid optometry can be achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of visual light, especially to an optical refraction system and a subjective refraction instrument applying the optical refraction system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism and anisometropia are common refractive errors, which cause blurred vision and affect work and study. The common correction method for refractive errors is to wear glasses, and refraction is the key to selecting appropriate glasses. Subjective refraction instruments are based on the subjective perception of the observer observing the clarity of the visual target to realize the detection of refractive errors. The common plug-in sheet refraction is a kind of subjective refraction, which completes the refraction of the human eye by replacing different optical power trial lenses.

[0003] Currently, refraction is mainly achieved by plug-in sheet refraction and computer refraction. Plug-in sheet refraction detects optical power in a node type with 25 degrees as the minimum adjustment unit, and computer refraction not only consumes electric energy but also has a bulky device. These two methods are difficult to achieve independent and fast operation by individuals, especially in astigmatism detection, and cannot achieve independent refraction by individuals.

[0004] The application with publication number CN218960712U increases positive and negative cylindrical lens combinations on the object side of the objective lens based on the combination of the objective lens and the eyepiece. Although the lens parameters and calculation method are not disclosed, the cylindrical lens as the structure of the objective lens determines that the accuracy of refraction is not high. The application with publication number CN116350167A changes the focal length of the combination lens as the objective lens to realize the refractive detection of the eye by the entire continuous zoom refraction optical system. Because the combination lens as the objective lens can only be combined with the negative focal length lens as the eyepiece in the form of positive focal length lens, it is impossible to eliminate the influence of the continuous zoom refraction optical system on the magnification rate when detecting myopia and the reduction rate when detecting hyperopia, so the detection result is not accurate. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects of the above prior art, the utility model provides an optical refraction system and a subjective refraction instrument based on the optical refraction system.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows: an optical refraction system, including spherical mirror A, spherical mirror B, cylindrical lens A, cylindrical lens B arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object side to the image side, the spherical mirror A is movably arranged along the optical axis, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are rotatably arranged with the optical axis as the axis, the intersection of the axis position of the cylindrical lens A and the axis position of the cylindrical lens B is located on the optical axis, the axis position of the cylindrical lens A and the axis position of the cylindrical lens B are all perpendicular to the optical axis, the image side power of the spherical mirror A is phi 1, the image side power of the spherical mirror B is phi 2, the image side power of the cylindrical lens A is phi 3, the image side power of the cylindrical lens B is phi 4, phi 1, phi 2, phi 3, phi 4 satisfy the following relations: 0 < phi 1 = phi 2 + phi 3, phi 3 = phi 4.

[0007] Further, the optical center distance between the optical center of the spherical mirror A and the optical center of the combination lens composed of the spherical mirror B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B is d, the object side power of the combination lens composed of the spherical mirror B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B is phi 5, phi 1, phi 5 and d satisfy the following relations: 1 / phi 1 < d < 1 / phi 1 + 2 / phi 5.

[0008] Further, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B can rotate synchronously or the cylindrical lens B rotates alone.

[0009] Further, the spherical mirror A, the spherical mirror B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are single lens or combination lens respectively.

[0010] A subjective refraction instrument adopts the above optical refraction system and further comprises a refractive power adjusting device and a refractive power display device, an astigmatism degree adjusting device and an astigmatism degree display device, and an astigmatism axis adjusting device and an astigmatism axis display device; the refractive power adjusting device is used to drive the spherical mirror A to move along the optical axis, and the refractive power display device is used to display the detected refractive power of the subjective refraction instrument according to the position of the spherical mirror A on the optical axis; the astigmatism degree adjusting device is used to drive the cylindrical lens B to rotate with the optical axis as the axis so that the axis position of the cylindrical lens B presents a different axis position included angle with the axis position of the cylindrical lens A, and the astigmatism degree display device is used to display the calculated astigmatism degree according to the axis position included angle of the cylindrical lens B and the cylindrical lens A; the astigmatism axis adjusting device is used to drive the cylindrical lens A and synchronously drive the cylindrical lens B to rotate with the optical axis as the axis, and the astigmatism axis display device is used to display the detected astigmatism axis position of the subjective refraction instrument according to the circumferential position of the angle bisector of the axis position included angle of the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B on the optical axis.

[0011] Further, the main subjective optometry instrument body is provided with rotatable barrels at the end of the main subjective optometry instrument body, the barrel fixed with the cylinder A and the barrel fixed with the cylinder B are used as the cylinder A adjusting device and the cylinder B adjusting device, the barrel fixed with the cylinder A is used as the cylinder A display device and the cylinder B display device, the barrel fixed with the cylinder B is used as the cylinder A display device and the cylinder B display device, the barrel fixed with the cylinder A can rotate independently when used as the cylinder A display device and the cylinder B display device, the barrel fixed with the cylinder B can rotate synchronously with the barrel fixed with the cylinder A when used as the cylinder A display device and the cylinder B display device, the cylinder A adjusting device is composed of the barrel fixed with the cylinder A and the barrel fixed with the cylinder B, the rotation of the barrel fixed with the cylinder B causes the change of the angle between the axis of the cylinder A and the axis of the cylinder B, thereby realizing the change of the cylinder A and the cylinder B combined cylinder astigmatism, the cylinder A display device is composed of the cylinder A display pointer connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder A and the cylinder B display pointer connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder B, the rotation of the barrel fixed with the cylinder B causes the change of the position of the cylinder B display pointer on the cylinder B display scale, thereby realizing the display of the cylinder A and the cylinder B combined cylinder astigmatism, the cylinder B display device is composed of the cylinder B display pointer connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder B and the cylinder A display scale connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder A, the rotation of the barrel fixed with the cylinder B causes the change of the position of the cylinder B display pointer on the cylinder A display scale, thereby realizing the display of the cylinder A and the cylinder B combined cylinder astigmatism, the cylinder A adjusting device is composed of the barrel fixed with the cylinder A, the barrel fixed with the cylinder B and the main subjective optometry instrument body, the rotation of the barrel fixed with the cylinder A around the optical axis changes the axis of the cylinder A and the circumferential angle between the synchronously rotating cylinder B and the main subjective optometry instrument body, thereby realizing the adjustment of the astigmatism axis, the astigmatism axis display device is composed of the astigmatism axis display pointer connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder A, the cylinder B display pointer connected to the barrel fixed with the cylinder B and the astigmatism axis display scale connected to the main subjective optometry instrument body, the rotation of the barrel fixed with the cylinder A drives the change of the position of the astigmatism axis display pointer and the synchronously rotating cylinder B display pointer on the astigmatism axis display scale, thereby realizing the display of the astigmatism axis.

[0012] The technical scheme provided by the utility model has the advantages that the main sensation optometry instrument of the optical refraction system has the optical zooming ability of fast continuity and the accuracy of synchronous indication, the continuous zooming makes the detection result not appear the overcorrection or undercorrection phenomenon of the detection result caused by the interval focal power of the used lens with a certain value in the plug-in detection, and meanwhile realizes the independent operation of the astigmatism detection of the individual. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the optical structure schematic diagram of the optical refraction system of the embodiment;

[0014] Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the main sensation optometry instrument of the embodiment;

[0015] Figure 3 It is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the main sensation optometry instrument of the embodiment;

[0016] Figure 4 It is the positive cylinder diopter indication mark schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0017] Figure 5 It is the negative cylinder diopter indication mark schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 6 It is the astigmatism degree pointer and indication mark schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 7 It is the astigmatism axis position pointer and indication mark schematic diagram of the embodiment.

[0020] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] 1, spherical A; 2, spherical B; 3, cylinder A; 4, cylinder B; 11, objective lens barrel; 12, eyepiece barrel; 13, cylinder A's lens barrel; 14, cylinder B's lens barrel; 21, diopter pointer; 22, diopter indication mark; 23, astigmatism degree pointer; 24, astigmatism degree indication mark; 25, astigmatism axis position pointer; 26, astigmatism axis position indication mark. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, and it should be understood that the embodiments are only used for illustrating the application and not for limiting the scope of the application, and after reading the description, the modification of various equivalents of the description by the person skilled in the art falls within the range defined by the claims of the application.

[0023] The embodiment relates to an optical refraction system as shown in Figure 1As shown, including from the object side to the image side along the optical axis arranged in order spherically A1, spherically B2, cylindrical A3, cylindrical B4, the spherically A1 along the optical axis can be arranged, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4 with the optical axis as the axis can be arranged, the intersection of the axis position of the cylindrical A3 and the axis position of the cylindrical B4 is located on the optical axis, the axis position of the cylindrical A3 and the axis position of the cylindrical B4 are both perpendicular to the optical axis, the image side power of the spherically A1 is φ1, the image side power of the spherically B2 is φ2, the image side power of the cylindrical A3 is φ3, the image side power of the cylindrical B4 is φ4, φ1, φ2, φ3, φ4 satisfy the following relationship: 0<φ1=φ2+φ3, φ3=φ4. The distance between the optical center of the spherically A1 and the optical center of the combined lens composed of the spherically B2, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4 is d, the object side power of the combined lens composed of the spherically B2, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4 is φ5, φ1, φ5 and d satisfy the following relationship: 1 / φ1

[0024] The cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4 can be rotated synchronously or the cylindrical B4 can be rotated alone. The light from the target mark passes through the spherically A1, then passes through the image side focal point of the spherically A1 and forms a real image near the image side focal point, and finally enters the human eye through the spherically B2, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4; the position of this real image will change due to the movement of the spherically A1, for the combined lens composed of the spherically B2, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4, when the real image is within one focal length of the combined lens, a virtual image will be generated on the side of the spherically A1, and when the real image is between one focal length and two focal lengths of the combined lens, a real image will be generated on the image side of the combined lens. The imaging of the combined lens composed of the spherically B2, the cylindrical A3 and the cylindrical B4 is also the imaging of the entire optical optometry system. When the optical optometry system detects, the distance between the eye and the eyepiece end lens is consistent with the lens-eye distance when wearing the frame glasses. This distance ensures that the effective refractive power of the glasses is consistent with the degree when optometry.

[0025] When the diopter test is performed, the position of the real image formed by the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 is on the image side of the combined lens when the diopter of the examined eye is positive, and the position of the virtual image formed by the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 is on the spherical lens A1 side of the combined lens when the diopter of the examined eye is negative. The specific positions of the real image and the virtual image formed by the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 are determined by the diopter of the examined eye, and when the examinee can clearly see the visual target according to the visual acuity test standard by using the subjective optometry instrument, the specific positions of the real image or the virtual image formed by the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 are determined, and at this time, the positions of the real image or the virtual image fall on the far point of the examined eye, so that the best corrected visual acuity of the examined eye for distance vision is obtained. Since the distance between the subjective optometry instrument and the eye is consistent with the distance between the frame glasses and the eye when the subjective optometry instrument is applied, the distance from the optical center of the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 to the real image or the virtual image can be regarded as the far point distance of the examined eye, and therefore the diopter of the examined eye is equal to the reciprocal of the distance from the optical center of the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 to the real image or the virtual image.

[0026] When the diopter of the examined eye is D, the distance between the optical center of the spherical lens A1 and the optical center of the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 is d, the distance between the optical center of the spherical lens A1 and the real image formed by the spherical lens A1 is v1, the distance between the optical center of the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 and the real image formed by the spherical lens A1 is u2, and in the entire optical refraction system, it can be obtained that u2=d-v1; when the image side focal length of the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 is f2, according to the Gaussian imaging formula, for the combined lens of the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4, it is obtained that 1 / (d-v1)+D=1 / f2. Since v1=u1f1 / (u1-f1), u1 is the distance between the spherical lens A1 and the visual target, and f1 is the image side focal length of the spherical lens A1. Therefore, the following formula is finally obtained: D=1 / f2-(u1-f1) / (d×(u1-f1)-u1f1). According to this formula, the diopter D of the examined eye can be calculated according to the value of d and the value of u1.

[0027] When the astigmatism detection is performed, the astigmatism detection includes astigmatism degree detection and astigmatism axis detection. The cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 are rotated around the optical axis of the optical refraction system to change the angle between the axis of the cylinder lens A3 and the axis of the cylinder lens B4, so as to cause the astigmatism degree of the combined cylinder lens composed of the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 to change. The cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 can also be synchronously rotated without changing the angle between the two axes, but only changing the circumferential position of the two axes on the optical axis of the optical refraction system, so as to realize the detection of the astigmatism axis. According to the Thompson formula of the cylinder lens combination, the astigmatism degree C, the refractive degree D' and the astigmatism axis β of the cylinder lens combination are determined by the angle α (α < 90°) between the axis of the cylinder lens A3 and the axis of the cylinder lens B4, and the optical power E and F of the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4, that is: C2 = E2 + F2 + 2EFcos2α D' = (E + F - C) / 2 Sin2β = (F / C) sin2α When the axis of the cylinder lens A3 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder lens B4, the astigmatism degree of the combined cylinder lens is zero. When the angle between the axis of the cylinder lens A3 and the axis of the cylinder lens B4 changes, the astigmatism degree of the combined cylinder lens composed of the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 changes, so that the astigmatism degree of the eye can be detected. Since the two cylinder lenses can be synchronously rotated around the optical axis of the optical refraction system without changing the angle between the axis of the cylinder lens A3 and the axis of the cylinder lens B4, the astigmatism axis of the eye can be detected, and the astigmatism axis during the detection is the angle bisector of the angle between the axis of the cylinder lens A3 and the axis of the cylinder lens B4. With the increase of the astigmatism degree of the combined cylinder lens composed of the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4, the refractive degree of the combined cylinder lens decreases. Therefore, in order to make the detection of the astigmatism degree and the refractive degree more accurate, the astigmatism degree corresponding refractive degree of the combined cylinder lens composed of the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 can be used as the refractive degree indicator during the astigmatism detection.

[0028] It should be pointed out that the spherical lens A1, the spherical lens B2, the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 shown in the optical refraction system of the above-mentioned embodiment are single lenses, but are not limited thereto. The spherical lens A1, the spherical lens B2, the cylinder lens A3 and the cylinder lens B4 can each be selected to use a single lens or a combined lens.

[0029] A subjective refraction instrument is made based on the optical refraction system of the above-mentioned embodiment. The sectional structure of the subjective refraction instrument is as shown in Figure 3The main subjective optometry instrument body is provided with an optical optometry system. The structure of the main subjective optometry instrument body mainly comprises, along the optical axis from the side of the visual target to the side of the human eye, a spherical lens A1, a spherical lens B2, a cylindrical lens A3, a cylindrical lens B4, an objective lens barrel 11, an eyepiece barrel 12, a cylindrical lens A barrel 13, a cylindrical lens B barrel 14, a diopter pointer 21, a diopter index mark 22, an astigmatism degree pointer 23, an astigmatism degree index mark 24, an astigmatism axis position pointer 25, and an astigmatism axis position index mark 26. The diopter pointer 21 is connected to the objective lens barrel 11, the diopter index mark 22 is connected to the eyepiece barrel 12, the objective lens barrel 11 provided with the spherical lens A1 can axially move along the optical axis with the eyepiece barrel 12 provided with the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4, the movement of the objective lens barrel 11 simultaneously drives the movement of the diopter pointer 21 so as to make it point to different positions of the diopter index mark 22 to achieve the purpose of displaying and detecting the diopter of the main subjective optometry instrument. The cylindrical lens B barrel 14 can be rotated alone, and the rotation of the cylindrical lens B barrel 14 drives the rotation of the astigmatism degree pointer 23 connected to the cylindrical lens B barrel 14, so as to realize the pointing of the astigmatism degree pointer 23 to different positions of the astigmatism degree index mark 24 connected to the cylindrical lens A barrel 13 to achieve the purpose of displaying and detecting the astigmatism degree. When the astigmatism degree pointer 23 points to the 0-degree value of the astigmatism degree index mark 24, the axis position of the cylindrical lens A3 is perpendicular to the axis position of the cylindrical lens B4, that is, the astigmatism degree of the combined cylindrical lens composed of the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4 is zero, at this time, the main subjective optometry instrument can only detect the diopter. The rotation of the cylindrical lens A barrel 13 can synchronously drive the rotation of the cylindrical lens B barrel 14, one end of the cylindrical lens A barrel 13 is rotatably connected to the eyepiece barrel 12, and the other end is connected to the cylindrical lens B barrel 14, the cylindrical lens A barrel 13 is connected with the astigmatism axis position pointer 25, and the rotation of the cylindrical lens A barrel 13 synchronously drives the rotation of the astigmatism axis position pointer 25 and the astigmatism degree pointer 23 connected to the cylindrical lens B barrel 14, so as to realize the pointing of the astigmatism degree pointer 23 and the astigmatism axis position pointer 25 to different positions of the astigmatism axis position index mark 26 connected to the eyepiece barrel 12 to achieve the purpose of displaying and detecting the astigmatism axis position through the angle bisector of the astigmatism degree pointer 23 and the astigmatism axis position pointer 25. The diopter detection method of the main subjective optometry instrument of the embodiment is as follows: the person to be detected is in a proper position according to the distance required by the visual target used, and the astigmatism degree pointer 23 is pointed to the 0-degree value of the astigmatism degree index mark 24 by rotating the cylindrical lens B barrel 14 of the main subjective optometry instrument. One eye is covered, and the other eye is used to observe the visual target through the main subjective optometry instrument, the left and right hands of the person to be detected respectively control the objective lens barrel 11 and the eyepiece barrel 12 of the main subjective optometry instrument, and the position of the objective lens barrel 11 on the eyepiece barrel 12 is continuously and repeatedly axially moved to change the distance between the optical centers of the combined lens composed of the spherical lens A1, the spherical lens B2, the cylindrical lens A3 and the cylindrical lens B4, until the visual target according to the visual acuity detection standard can be clearly seen. At this time, the diopter value of the astigmatism degree index mark 22 pointed by the diopter pointer 21 is the diopter of the eye to be detected. The above method is operated three times, and the average value is taken. The eyes are changed, and the above operation is repeated.It should be noted that the left and right, top and bottom of the target seen by the above-mentioned phoropter are reversed. Astigmatism detection: by rotating the cylinder B barrel 14 to rotate the astigmatism degree pointer 23 to the 0.25 or 0.5 scale of the astigmatism degree indicating mark 24, the combined cylinder composed of the cylinder A 3 and the cylinder B 4 has 0.25D or 0.5D astigmatism, rotate the cylinder A barrel 13, if the target is more blurred at any position, it indicates that the detected eye has no astigmatism. If it is clear at a certain position and blurred at other positions, it indicates that the detected eye has astigmatism. Further rotate the cylinder B barrel 14 to adjust the astigmatism degree and move the objective barrel 11 to adjust the refractive degree, and also rotate the cylinder A barrel 13 to adjust the astigmatism axis, until the target according to the visual acuity detection standard is clear. At this time, according to the refractive degree value indicated by the refractive degree pointer 21 on the refractive degree indicating mark 22, the astigmatism degree value indicated by the astigmatism degree pointer 23 on the astigmatism degree indicating mark 24, and the angle value of the angle bisector of the angle of the astigmatism axis position pointer 25 on the astigmatism axis position indicating mark 26, the optical cross prescription can be obtained.

Claims

1. An optical refraction system, characterized by, The lens comprises a spherical lens A, a spherical lens B, a cylindrical lens A and a cylindrical lens B arranged in sequence along an optical axis from an object side to an image side, the spherical lens A is movably arranged along the optical axis, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are rotatably arranged about the optical axis, the intersection of the axial positions of the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B is located on the optical axis, the axial positions of the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are both perpendicular to the optical axis, the image-side power of the spherical lens A is φ1, the image-side power of the spherical lens B is φ2, the image-side power of the cylindrical lens A is φ3, and the image-side power of the cylindrical lens B is φ4, and φ1, φ2, φ3 and φ4 satisfy the following relationships: 0<φ1=φ2+φ3 and φ3=φ4.

2. An optical refraction system according to claim 1, wherein, The distance between the optical center of the spherical lens A and the optical center of a combined lens composed of the spherical lens B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B is d, the object-side power of the combined lens composed of the spherical lens B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B is φ5, and φ1, φ5 and d satisfy the following relationship: 1 / φ1<d<1 / φ1+2 / φ5.

3. An optical refraction system according to claim 1, wherein, The cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B can be synchronously rotated or the cylindrical lens B can be rotated alone.

4. An optical refraction system according to claim 1, wherein, The spherical lens A, the spherical lens B, the cylindrical lens A and the cylindrical lens B are single lenses or combined lenses.

5. A subjective phoropter employing an optical phoropter system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Specifically comprising: A refractive power adjusting device and a refractive power display device, an astigmatism power adjusting device and an astigmatism power display device, and an astigmatism axis adjusting device and an astigmatism axis display device, the refractive power adjusting device is used to drive the spherical lens A to move along the optical axis, the refractive power display device is used to display the detected refractive power of the subjective phoropter according to the position of the spherical lens A on the optical axis, the astigmatism power adjusting device is used to drive the cylindrical lens B to rotate about the optical axis so that the axial position of the cylindrical lens B has a different axial angle with the axial position of the cylindrical lens A, the astigmatism power display device is used to display the calculated astigmatism power according to the axial angle of the cylindrical lens B with the axial position of the cylindrical lens A, the astigmatism axis adjusting device is used to drive the cylindrical lens A and synchronously drive the cylindrical lens B to rotate about the optical axis, and the astigmatism axis display device is used to display the detected astigmatism axis of the subjective phoropter according to the circumferential position of the angle bisector of the axial angle of the cylindrical lens A with the axial position of the cylindrical lens B on the optical axis.

6. A subjective refractometer according to claim 5, wherein The main subjective optometry instrument body, the spherical mirror B, the cylinder A and the cylinder B are arranged on the rotatable lens barrel at the end of the main subjective optometry instrument body; the main subjective optometry instrument body is provided with a movable lens barrel as the refractive power adjusting device, the spherical mirror A is fixed on the movable lens barrel, the movable lens barrel moves the spherical mirror A along the optical axis, the refractive power display device comprises a refractive power pointer and a refractive power indication mark, the refractive power pointer and the refractive power indication mark are connected to the movable lens barrel and the main subjective optometry instrument body respectively, the movable lens barrel changes the position of the refractive power pointer on the refractive power indication mark when moving to display the detected refractive power of the main subjective optometry instrument; two groups of rotatable lens barrels are arranged at the end of the main subjective optometry instrument body, one group is used as the astigmatism adjusting device and the astigmatism display device, and the other group is used as the astigmatism axis adjusting device and the astigmatism axis display device; when used as the astigmatism adjusting device and the astigmatism display device, the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B can rotate alone, and when used as the astigmatism axis adjusting device and the astigmatism axis display device, the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A can drive the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B to rotate synchronously; the astigmatism adjusting device is composed of the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A and the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B, the rotation of the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B causes the change of the included angle between the axis of the cylinder A and the axis of the cylinder B, thereby realizing the change of the astigmatism of the combined cylinder of the cylinder A and the cylinder B, the astigmatism display device is composed of an astigmatism indication mark connected to the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A and an astigmatism pointer connected to the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B, and the rotation of the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B drives the astigmatism pointer to change the position on the astigmatism indication mark to achieve the purpose of displaying the detected astigmatism of the main subjective optometry instrument; the astigmatism axis adjusting device is composed of the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A, the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B and the main subjective optometry instrument body, when the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A rotates around the optical axis, the axis of the cylinder A and the axis of the cylinder B rotating synchronously and the circumferential angle of the main subjective optometry instrument body change to realize the adjustment of the astigmatism axis, the astigmatism axis display device comprises an astigmatism axis pointer connected to the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A, the astigmatism pointer connected to the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B and an astigmatism axis indication mark connected to the main subjective optometry instrument body, the rotation of the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder A drives the astigmatism axis pointer and the astigmatism pointer connected to the lens barrel fixed with the cylinder B rotating synchronously to change the position on the astigmatism axis indication mark to display the detected astigmatism axis of the main subjective optometry instrument.

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