Large LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) ship cargo machine room
By dividing the cargo machinery room into safe and hazardous areas and employing specific ventilation and staircase designs, the difficulties in arranging and ensuring safety of the cargo machinery room on large LNG ships have been resolved, resulting in more efficient space utilization and reduced construction costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423019437.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-09
AI Technical Summary
The design of cargo machinery rooms on large LNG ships faces challenges such as complex equipment layout difficulties, high construction costs, significant impact of blind spots on the driver's field of vision, complex ventilation system design, and complex piping systems. In particular, the spatial division and equipment layout between safe and hazardous areas are difficult and pose a risk of leakage.
The cargo machinery room is divided into a motor room and a liquid cargo equipment room, which are respectively a safe area and a dangerous area. A structural platform is used to separate the upper and lower areas. Mechanical air supply fans and top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation ducts are installed. Combined with the design of stairways and steel doors, safety and space utilization are ensured.
It improved space utilization, reduced construction difficulty and costs, enhanced safety, optimized equipment layout and ventilation system, and reduced blind spot impact.
Smart Images
Figure CN223812691U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of offshore ship design and construction, and particularly relates to a large LNG ship cargo machinery room. BACKGROUND
[0002] The cargo machinery room is a dedicated equipment room of the large LNG ship cargo handling system. The room has many systems and is complex in design and arrangement. In order not to affect the driving vision and reduce the influence of the blind area, the cargo machinery room is usually located on the convex deck of the LNG ship close to the living building area. The room size is limited, and all liquid cargo handling related equipment such as compressors, deep cryogenic liquid cargo devices, evaporators, heaters and related passages, maintenance platforms, lifting areas, ventilation systems and pipeline systems need to be reasonably arranged in the limited space to meet the cargo loading and unloading functions, equipment operation and maintenance during the ship operation. The design type of the cargo machinery room needs to solve the following four key problems.
[0003] 1. The cargo machinery room is surrounded by a dangerous area and is about 2.5 meters higher than the convex deck. For safety and economic considerations, some non-explosion-proof equipment must be arranged in the safety area, such as the high-load compressor motor unit and the related electrical equipment. Therefore, the internal space of the cargo machinery room must be divided into a safety area. The size and type of the space division will directly affect the arrangement of the equipment and pipelines, the design of the internal and external passages and ventilation, thereby causing construction difficulties and increasing the construction cost. Figure 1 The middle shaded area shown in the figure is the dangerous area.
[0004] 2. Due to the influence of the cargo hose lifting, the driving vision blind area range passes through the top of the cargo machinery room. In the design of the cargo machinery room, the arrangement of the related equipment on the top (such as the ventilation cap) should be considered comprehensively. The additional increase of the driving blind area range should be avoided to affect the performance of the ship. Figure 2 and 3 The middle shaded area is the driving blind area range.
[0005] 3. There are many low-temperature equipment in the cargo compressor room, and the leakage risk is large, which exists a major safety hazard. In order to avoid the accumulation of flammable, toxic or suffocating steam and to ensure that the necessary area has sufficient air flow, the ventilation system should be effectively designed by utilizing the space. Therefore, the design type and arrangement of the fan, ventilation cylinder, structural air duct, ventilation pipeline and inlet and outlet should be considered comprehensively.
[0006] 4. The pipeline system in the cargo machinery room cabin is complex, and there are many limitations and considerations in the pipeline arrangement, support position, valve operation and maintenance, passage design and other aspects. The design difficulty is huge, and enough space needs to be reserved, such as Figure 1 The middle cabin inner shaded area shown in the figure is designed as a three-layer structure frame layout (not described here), and also to ensure that there is enough passage escape route. SUMMARY
[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a large LNG ship cargo machinery room, which adopts the technical scheme of:
[0008] A large LNG ship cargo machinery room, the watertight bulkhead separates the cargo machinery room into a motor room and a liquid cargo equipment room, the motor room is a safety area, and the liquid cargo equipment room is a dangerous area.
[0009] The structural platform separates part of the space in the motor room into an upper area and a lower area, the remaining space is hollowed out, two mechanical air supply fans and a top-open mushroom type ventilation duct are fixed on the top of the motor room, the mechanical air supply fans and the top-open mushroom type ventilation duct are respectively located at both ends of the top of the motor room, and the mechanical air supply fans are respectively connected with the ventilation ducts in the upper area and the lower area downward.
[0010] The liquid cargo equipment room is provided with a cryogenic re-liquefied cargo device, high-load compressors and low-load compressors, a crane, two mechanical exhaust fans and three top-open mushroom type ventilation ducts are arranged on the top of the liquid cargo equipment room, the bottom of the top-open mushroom type ventilation duct is connected with a structural air duct, and the structural air duct extends downward into the liquid cargo equipment room.
[0011] A motor room external stairway is arranged on the outside of the motor room near the ship stern, a lower steel door is arranged in the lower area of the motor room, an upper steel door is arranged in the upper area of the motor room, the lower steel door and the upper steel door are respectively arranged at the motor room external stairway, an equipment room inclined ladder is arranged on the side of the liquid cargo equipment room near the ship bow, two steel doors are arranged on the bulkhead of the liquid cargo equipment room, and the two steel doors are respectively arranged on the adjacent bulkheads.
[0012] Further, the above-mentioned large LNG ship cargo machinery room is further provided with a lifting cabin cover arranged on the top of the hollowed-out area of the motor room.
[0013] Further, the above-mentioned large LNG ship cargo machinery room is further provided with two mechanical air supply fans arranged within the working radius of the crane on the top of the motor room.
[0014] Further, the above-mentioned large LNG ship cargo machinery room is further provided with two high-load compressors composed of a compressor motor set and a compressor gear box set, the compressor motor set is installed in the motor room, the compressor gear box set is installed in the liquid cargo equipment room, the compressor motor set and the gear box set are separated by a steel partition plate, and the steel partition plate is directly welded to the watertight bulkhead.
[0015] Further, the above-mentioned large LNG ship cargo machinery room is further provided with two mechanical exhaust fans arranged within the driving blind area range on the top of the liquid cargo equipment room, and three top-open mushroom type ventilation ducts arranged within the working radius of the crane.
[0016] The large LNG ship cargo mechanical room further has a lifting object hatch arranged between the two low-load compressors within the crane working radius range and a lifting object hatch arranged near the cryogenic reliquefaction device.
[0017] The large LNG ship cargo mechanical room further has a ladder landing arranged in the external ladder between the two motors, and the height of the ladder landing is consistent with the height of the intermediate structural platform of the motor room.
[0018] The large LNG ship cargo mechanical room further has two steel doors arranged in the motor room, and the two steel doors are arranged in the external safety area and can reach the upper ladder landing area and the lower deck area of the motor room, respectively.
[0019] The large LNG ship cargo mechanical room further has two steel doors arranged in the motor room, and the two steel doors are arranged in the external safety area and can reach the upper ladder landing area and the lower deck area of the motor room, respectively.
[0020] The LNG ship cargo mechanical room structure greatly improves the utilization rate of the room, reduces the difficulty of on-site construction, thereby reducing the shipbuilding cost, makes the liquid cargo system layout more reasonable, and is safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal overhead structure of the motor room and the liquid cargo equipment room;
[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the top overhead structure of the motor room and the liquid cargo equipment room;
[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the motor room;
[0024] 1 - watertight bulkhead, 2 - motor room, 3 - liquid cargo equipment room, 4 - structural platform, 5 - steel door, 6 - mechanical air supply fan, 7 - top-opening mushroom type ventilation duct, 8 - mechanical exhaust fan, 9 - lifting object hatch, 10 - cryogenic reliquefaction device, 11 - high-load compressor, 12 - low-load compressor, 14 - upper area, 15 - lower area, 19 - external ladder of the motor room, 21 - equipment room inclined ladder, 22 - dangerous area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The application will be further described in combination with the drawings.
[0026] A large LNG ship cargo mechanical room, such as Figure 1 , 2, 3, the cargo machinery room is divided into a motor room and a liquid cargo equipment room by a watertight bulkhead, the motor room is a safety zone, and the liquid cargo equipment room is a dangerous area, openings are arranged away from a dangerous pneumatic area according to a requirement of a ship classification society, an area in which flammable and dangerous pneumatic substances cannot be gathered is a dangerous area, part of the interior of the motor room is divided into an upper area and a lower area by a structural platform, in order to be isolated from the dangerous area and to ensure that the motor room is in a safe zone range, a steel door for entering the upper area of the motor room and a steel door for entering the lower area are arranged in the external safety zone, the rest is designed to be hollow, two mechanical air supply fans and a top-opening mushroom ventilator are arranged on the top, and a lifting hatch cover is arranged, which is used for lifting and hoisting during equipment maintenance. The liquid cargo equipment room is open, which is convenient for arranging large equipment, mainly including a deep cold re-liquefied cargo device, two high-load compressors and two low-load compressors, the rest of the space is provided with a three-layer frame support structure and a passageway, which will not be described in detail here. Two mechanical exhaust fans and three top-opening mushroom ventilators are arranged on the top of the liquid cargo equipment room, two lifting hatch covers are arranged, and two steel doors are arranged on the side wall.
[0027] The two high-load compressors are divided into two parts, one part is a compressor motor set, which is installed in the motor room, and the other part is a compressor gearbox set, which is installed in the liquid cargo equipment room, and the motor room and the liquid cargo equipment room are divided by a watertight bulkhead, wherein the motor room is a safety zone and the liquid cargo equipment room is a dangerous area.
[0028] The two low-load compressors are arranged side by side at the tail side of the liquid cargo equipment room, and the deep cold re-liquefied cargo device is arranged on one side of the head of the liquid cargo equipment room, the rest of the space is designed as a three-layer frame support structure and a platform, which is used for pipeline arrangement, evaporator, heater and valve group operation and maintenance, and also serves as an escape passage design.
[0029] The cargo machinery room tail ladder passage is connected by an external intermediate structural platform, the height of the external intermediate structural platform is consistent with the height of the intermediate structural platform in the motor room, the room is entered and exited through the upper area steel door of the motor room, and the cargo machinery room top is reached through the external structural platform, the internal intermediate structural platform of the motor room is reached through the internal ladder, the lower space of the motor room is reached, and the room is entered and exited through the lower area steel door, so that the room is provided with double passages.
[0030] The liquid cargo equipment room in the dangerous area is respectively provided with a steel door on one side of the ship center bulkhead and a steel door on one side of the head bulkhead, the distance between the two steel doors is as far as possible, and the boarding passage of the bow bulkhead reaches the cargo machinery room top deck through a ladder and an external intermediate platform.
[0031] Two mechanical air supply fans are arranged in the top blind area of the motor room within the working radius of the crane, and air is supplied through the structural air duct, respectively delivered to the lower area of the motor room through the ventilation pipeline and the upper area of the motor room through the ventilation pipeline, exhausted by a top-open type mushroom ventilator, and a lifting cabin cover is arranged in the hollow area in the middle of the motor room.
[0032] Two mechanical exhaust fans are arranged in the top blind area of the liquid cargo equipment room, three top-open type mushroom ventilators are arranged within the working radius of the crane, and the corresponding three same type structural air ducts are respectively connected to the bottom of the room, the lower end of the structural air duct is provided with a rectangular ventilation opening, a lifting cabin cover is arranged between the low-load compressors within the working radius of the crane, and a lifting cabin cover is arranged near the cryogenic reliquefaction device, so as to meet the later maintenance of the equipment.
Claims
1. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room, characterized in that, The watertight bulkheads divide the cargo machinery room into a motor room and a liquid cargo equipment room. The motor room is a safe area, while the liquid cargo equipment room is a hazardous area. The structural platform divides part of the space inside the motor room into an upper area and a lower area, while the remaining space is hollowed out. Two mechanical air supply fans and a top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation duct are fixed on the top of the motor room. The mechanical air supply fans and the top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation duct are located at the two ends of the top of the motor room, respectively. The mechanical air supply fans are connected downwards to the ventilation ducts in the upper and lower areas, respectively. The liquid cargo equipment room is equipped with a cryogenic re-liquid cargo unit, a high-load compressor and a low-load compressor. The top of the liquid cargo equipment room is equipped with a crane, two mechanical exhaust fans and three top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation ducts. The bottom of the top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation ducts is connected to a structural air duct, which extends downward into the liquid cargo equipment room. An external staircase is provided on the side of the motor room near the stern. The lower area of the motor room has a lower steel door, and the upper area has an upper steel door. The lower and upper steel doors are located on the external staircase of the motor room. An inclined staircase is provided on the side of the liquid cargo equipment room near the bow. Two steel doors are provided on the bulkhead of the liquid cargo equipment room, and the two steel doors are located on the adjacent bulkheads.
2. The cargo machinery room of a large LNG ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, A hanging compartment cover is located at the top center of the motor compartment, and the hanging compartment cover is located at the top of the hollow area of the motor compartment.
3. The cargo machinery room of a large LNG ship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two mechanical air supply fans at the top of the motor room are located within the working radius of the crane.
4. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two high-load compressors consist of a compressor motor unit and a compressor gearbox unit. The compressor motor unit is installed in the motor room, and the compressor gearbox unit is installed in the liquid cargo equipment room. The compressor motor unit and the gearbox unit are separated by a self-contained steel partition, which is directly welded to the watertight bulkhead.
5. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two mechanical exhaust fans are installed in the blind spot area above the liquid cargo equipment room, and three top-opening mushroom-shaped ventilation ducts are installed within the working radius of the crane.
6. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 5, characterized in that, Within the working radius of the crane, a cargo compartment cover is installed between the two low-load compressors, and another cargo compartment cover is installed near the cryogenic reliquefaction unit.
7. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external staircase to the motor room has a platform in the middle, and the height of the platform is the same as the height of the central structural platform in the motor room.
8. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two steel doors leading to the motor room must be located within the external safety zone and must provide access to the upper ladder area and the lower deck area of the motor room, respectively.
9. A large LNG carrier cargo machinery room according to claim 1, characterized in that, Taking into account the locations of the steel doors to the motor room and the first liquid cargo equipment room, stairways are provided to reach the top of the cargo machinery room.