Bottom protection plate and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bottom protection plate and a vehicle, and the bottom protection plate comprises a protection plate body, a cover plate and a driving part; a drainage hole is formed in the protection plate body in the thickness direction in a penetrating mode, and the cover plate is pivotally connected to the protection plate body to open and close the drainage hole; the driving part is used for driving the cover plate to close the drainage hole. According to the bottom protection plate, the drainage effect is achieved by arranging the drainage holes, so that the bearing load of the bottom protection plate is reduced, the drainage holes are closed through the cover plate, the integrity of the lower surface of the bottom protection plate can be guaranteed in a conventional state, and the risks that the wind resistance performance is reduced, stones or other small-size foreign matter enter the bottom protection plate, and abnormal sound of a vehicle is generated are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to a chassis guard plate and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Wading capability is a crucial technical indicator for vehicles, especially for new energy vehicles. To reduce the drag coefficient and increase range, it is necessary to reduce ground clearance to obtain more space for the upper battery and achieve a lower drag coefficient. However, a lower ground clearance means that the underbody protection plate bears a greater load in wading conditions, increasing the risk of parts tearing or even falling off.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to reduce the load on the underbody protection plate in water-wading conditions, drainage holes are opened in the underbody protection plate to ensure drainage effect and reduce the load on the underbody protection plate. However, the setting of drainage holes will cause a decrease in wind resistance performance, and stones or other small foreign objects will enter the underbody protection plate, which may cause abnormal noises in the vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a chassis guard plate and vehicle that can reduce the load on the chassis guard plate while ensuring drainage performance and reducing the risk of wind resistance reduction, stone or other small foreign objects entering the chassis guard plate, and abnormal noises in the vehicle.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a bottom guard plate, including a guard plate body, a cover plate, and a driving component; the guard plate body is provided with a drainage hole through it along the thickness direction, the cover plate is pivotally connected to the guard plate body to open and close the drainage hole; the driving component is used to drive the cover plate to close the drainage hole.

[0006] Optionally, when the cover plate closes the drain hole, the cover plate is located inside the drain hole.

[0007] Optionally, when the cover plate closes the drain hole, the lower surface of the cover plate is aligned with the lower surface of the guard plate body.

[0008] Optionally, one side of the cover plate forms a pivot end, and one of the pivot end and the inner wall of the drain hole is provided with a mounting hole, and the other is provided with a rotating shaft, which is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole.

[0009] Optionally, the protective plate body is further provided with a limiting structure, and the cover plate can rotate downward relative to the protective plate body to abut against the limiting structure.

[0010] Optionally, the drain hole is a square hole, and the side wall of the drain hole facing the rotating shaft is an inclined surface and forms the limiting structure. The side wall of the pivot end includes a first segment and a second segment along the thickness direction. When the cover plate is in the closed state, the first segment is parallel to the inclined surface, and the distance between the second segment and the inclined surface is less than the distance between the first segment and the inclined surface. When the cover plate is in the open state, the second segment abuts against the inclined surface.

[0011] Optionally, the driving component includes a first magnetic element and a second magnetic element, wherein the first magnetic element is fixed to the cover plate and the second magnetic element is fixed to the protective plate body.

[0012] Optionally, the protective plate body is a plastic part, and the protective plate body is also fixed with a limiting block, and the second magnetic part is embedded in the limiting block.

[0013] Optionally, the maximum rotation angle of the cover plate is in the range of 10°-30°.

[0014] This application also provides a vehicle including the underbody protection plate described above.

[0015] The underbody protection plate and vehicle provided in this application have the following technical advantages compared to the prior art:

[0016] The underbody has multiple drainage holes that extend through the body along its thickness, allowing for drainage and reducing the load on the underbody. A cover plate is pivotally connected to the underbody to open and close the drainage holes. Specifically, the cover plate can rotate relative to the underbody to achieve an open and closed state. When the cover plate is open, the drainage holes are open, allowing the underbody to drain water, reducing the load on the underbody and lowering the risk of parts tearing or even falling off. When the cover plate is closed, it closes the drainage holes, ensuring the integrity of the underbody, maintaining wind resistance, and preventing stones or other small foreign objects from entering the underbody through the drainage holes and causing abnormal noises. This, in turn, improves the vehicle's NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance.

[0017] The drive component is used to drive the cover plate to rotate relative to the protective plate body to the closed state. That is to say, under normal working conditions and without water immersion, the cover plate remains closed due to the driving action of the drive component, and the drainage hole is blocked by the cover plate, ensuring the integrity of the protective plate body and the NVH performance of the vehicle. After the vehicle is immersed in water, the water inside will exert force on the cover plate, causing the cover plate to rotate relative to the protective plate body to open the drainage hole, thereby realizing drainage. After drainage, the drive component drives the cover plate to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the protective plate body to the closed state, ensuring the integrity of the protective plate body.

[0018] The structure of the protective plate is simple. It allows for drainage through drainage holes, while the cover plate ensures the integrity of the protective plate when drainage is not required, preventing other negative effects such as reduced wind resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom protective plate provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the drainage holes on the main body of the protective plate;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the cover plate;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a side view of the bottom cover with the cover closed;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cover plate and drainage holes;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 AA section view in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a side view of the bottom cover with the cover plate in the open position;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cover plate and drainage holes;

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 BB section view in the middle.

[0028] Appendix Figures 1-9 The reference numerals in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0029] 1. Protective plate body, 11. Drainage hole, 111. Mounting hole, 12. Limiting block, 13. Limiting structure, 14. Fixing protrusion, 15. Flanged structure;

[0030] 2. Cover plate, 21. Pivot end, 22. Rotating shaft, 23. Limiting wall surface, 231. First section, 232. Second section;

[0031] 3. Driving components, 31. First magnetic component, 32. Second magnetic component. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] A skid plate is a protective device installed on the chassis of a vehicle. It not only prevents mud from getting into the engine and chassis, but also effectively reduces the impact of the road surface on the engine when the vehicle is driving on uneven roads, thus playing a protective role to a certain extent and extending the service life of the engine.

[0034] Wading capability is a crucial technical indicator for vehicles, especially for new energy vehicles. To reduce the drag coefficient and increase range, it is necessary to reduce ground clearance to obtain more space for the upper battery and achieve a lower drag coefficient. However, a lower ground clearance means that the underbody protection plate bears a greater load in wading conditions, increasing the risk of parts tearing or even falling off.

[0035] This application provides a bottom protective plate, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the bottom guard plate includes a guard plate body 1, and the guard plate body 1 is provided with multiple... Figure 2 The drainage hole 11 shown penetrates the body 1 of the protective plate along the thickness direction. The drainage hole 11 can achieve the drainage effect to reduce the load on the bottom protective plate.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the edge of the guard plate body 1 is also provided with a flange structure 15. The flange structure 15 can also ensure the structural strength of the guard plate body 1. Specifically, the flange structure 15 is located on the upper side of the guard plate body 1, and the upper surface of the guard plate body 1 is also provided with a plurality of fixing protrusions 14 at intervals. Each fixing protrusion 14 is provided with a threaded hole for installing and fixing the bottom guard plate. In the installed state, the upper side of the bottom guard plate refers to the side facing the vehicle body, and correspondingly, the lower side of the bottom guard plate refers to the side away from the vehicle body.

[0037] In this embodiment, the bottom protective plate also includes a cover plate 2 (such as...). Figure 3 As shown) and the drive component 3, the cover plate 2 is pivotally connected to the guard plate body 1 to open and close the drain hole 11. Specifically, the cover plate 2 can rotate relative to the guard plate body 1 to achieve an open state and a closed state. When the cover plate 2 is in such a state as Figure 7 When the cover plate 2 is in the open state as shown, the drain hole 11 is open, and the bottom cover plate can drain water through the drain hole 11 to reduce the load on the bottom cover plate and reduce the risk of parts tearing or even falling off. Figure 4 When in the closed state shown, the cover plate 2 can close the drain hole 11, ensuring the integrity of the protective plate body 1, ensuring wind resistance performance, and preventing stones or other small foreign objects from entering the bottom protective plate through the drain hole 11 and causing abnormal noise, thereby improving the vehicle's NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance.

[0038] The drive component 3 is used to drive the cover plate 2 to rotate relative to the protective plate body 1 to the closed state. That is, under normal working conditions without water immersion, the cover plate 2 remains closed due to the driving action of the drive component 3, and the drain hole 11 is blocked by the cover plate 2, ensuring the integrity of the protective plate body 1 and the NVH performance of the vehicle. After the vehicle is submerged in water, the water inside will exert force on the cover plate 2, causing the cover plate 2 to rotate relative to the protective plate body 1 to open the drain hole 11, thereby realizing drainage. After drainage, the drive component 3 drives the cover plate 2 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the protective plate body 1 to the closed state, ensuring the integrity of the protective plate body 1.

[0039] The structure of the protective plate body 1 is simple. While draining water through the drainage hole 11, the cover plate 2 can also ensure the integrity of the protective plate body 1 when not draining water, preventing other negative effects such as reduced wind resistance.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, when the cover plate 2 closes the drain hole 11, the cover plate 2 is located inside the drain hole 11. Of course, in this embodiment, the cover plate 2 can also be placed outside the drain hole 11, such as blocking any end of the drain hole 11 and protruding from one side surface of the protective plate body 1. When the cover plate 2 is blocked inside the drain hole 11, the integrity of the protective plate body 1 can be further guaranteed, and other negative effects such as reduced wind resistance can be prevented.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the cover plate 2 is closed, it does not need to completely block the drain hole 11. The cover plate 2 is inside the drain hole 11, and the single-sided gap between the cover plate 2 and the drain hole 11 is 0.3mm-1mm. Specifically, the single-sided gap refers to the gap when the circumferential gap between the outer wall of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall of the drain hole 11 is uniform. If the gap between the cover plate 2 and the drain hole 11 is too large, such as 1.5mm or 2mm, it may affect the integrity of the protective plate body 1, resulting in poor NVH performance. If the gap between the cover plate 2 and the drain hole 11 is too small, such as 0.1mm or 0.2mm, it may lead to high processing requirements. Setting the single-sided gap between the cover plate 2 and the drain hole 11 to 0.3mm-1mm, such as 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, or 1mm, can reduce processing requirements while ensuring the vehicle's NVH performance.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, when the cover plate 2 is closed with the drain hole 11 closed, the lower surface of the cover plate 2 is aligned with the lower surface of the protective plate body 1. Alignment of the lower surface of the cover plate 2 with the lower surface of the protective plate body 1 means that the lower surface of the cover plate 2 and the protective plate body 1 have a smooth transition along the edge of the drain hole 11, and no obvious depression or protrusion is formed at the cover plate 2. This ensures that the lower surface of the bottom protective plate is flat, has no obvious openings, and has a good appearance when the cover plate 2 is closed.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 6 The thickness of the cover plate 2 shown is the same as the axial length of the drain hole 11 (i.e., the thickness of the guard plate body 1 at this point). In the closed state, the lower surface of the cover plate 2 is aligned with the lower surface of the guard plate body 1, and the upper surface of the cover plate 2 is aligned with the upper surface of the guard plate body 1 at the circumferential edge of the drain hole 11. Of course, the thickness of the cover plate 2 and the axial length of the drain hole 11 can also be different. That is, the lower surface of the cover plate 2 is aligned with the lower surface of the guard plate body 1, while the upper surface of the cover plate 2 can be aligned with or not aligned with the upper surface of the guard plate body 1 of the drain hole 11. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, a pivot end 21 is formed on one side of the cover plate 2. The pivot end 21 and the inner wall of the drain hole 11 each have a mounting hole 111 and a rotating shaft 22. The rotating shaft 22 is rotatably disposed within the mounting hole 111, allowing the cover plate 2 to rotate relative to the cover plate 2 body around the rotating shaft 22. Specifically, it can be as follows... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 is provided with a rotating shaft 22, and the inner wall of the drain hole 11 is provided with a mounting hole 111. Alternatively, the inner wall of the mounting hole 111 may be provided with a rotating shaft 22 and the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 may be provided with a mounting hole 111.

[0045] Alternatively, the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 can be provided with a first mounting hole, and the inner wall of the drain hole 11 can be provided with two coaxial second mounting holes. In the installed state, the rotating shaft 22 passes through the first mounting hole, and both ends of the rotating shaft 22 are respectively provided in the two second mounting holes. When the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall of the drain hole 11 are provided with a rotating shaft 22 and the other with a mounting hole 111, the rotating shaft 22 can be fixed to the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 or the protective plate body 1, which simplifies the installation operation.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the two opposite sides of the drain hole 11 are respectively provided with coaxial mounting holes 111, and the two ends of the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 are respectively provided with rotating shafts 22, and the rotating shafts 22 at both ends of the pivot end 21 of the cover plate 2 are coaxially arranged. In the installation state, the two rotating shafts 22 are respectively installed in the two mounting holes 111.

[0047] The cover plate 2 can be made of plastic. During installation, the two rotating shafts 22 can be press-fitted into the corresponding mounting holes 111, which is relatively convenient. Specifically, the length of the rotating shaft 22 is greater than the distance between the two mounting holes 111. During installation, the rotating shaft 22 is pressed until its two ends are respectively located in the two mounting holes 111.

[0048] like Figure 2 and Figure 3The drain hole 11 is a square hole, and the corresponding cover plate 2 is also set as a square cover plate, which facilitates the setting of the rotating shaft 22.

[0049] In this embodiment, the driving component 3 includes a first magnetic element 31 and a second magnetic element 32. The first magnetic element 31 is fixed to the cover plate 2, and the second magnetic element 32 is fixed to the protective plate body 1. There is a magnetic attraction force between the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32. When the cover plate 2 is in the open state, the magnetic attraction force of the driving component 3 can drive the cover plate 2 to rotate upward until the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 are attracted and attached. The cover plate 2 is in the closed state and located in the drain hole 11.

[0050] Of course, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the driving component 3 is not limited. For example, it can also be set as a torsion spring. For example, the torsion spring is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 22 and abuts against the inner wall of the drain hole 11. When the cover plate 2 is open, the torsion spring is in a deformed state. After the drainage is finished, the restoring force of the torsion spring can act on the cover plate 2 to make it rotate in the opposite direction to the closed state.

[0051] By configuring the driving component 3 to include a first magnetic element 31 and a second magnetic element 32, the overall structure can be simplified, and it is easier to select two magnetic elements according to the actual force conditions. This ensures that the cover plate 2 can be opened smoothly when drainage is required, avoiding difficulties in opening due to large forces. In this embodiment, the magnetic attraction force of the first magnetic element 31 and the second magnetic element 32 can be set to 50N. When subjected to a water flow load greater than 50N, the cover plate 2 will rotate and open to achieve drainage.

[0052] Specifically, there are no restrictions on the two magnetic components, the first magnetic component 31 and the second magnetic component 32. For example, one magnetic component can be a magnet with magnetic force, and the other magnetic component can be a metal component that can be attracted by a magnet. Alternatively, both magnetic components can be magnets with magnetic force.

[0053] In addition, in this embodiment, the cover plate 2 opens due to the action of water flow and closes under the driving action of the driving component 3. The driving component 3 can also be configured to drive the cover plate 2 to rotate bidirectionally. The driving component 3 can drive the cover plate 2 to rotate to the open state via a motor screw assembly, cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or other components to facilitate water discharge. The driving component 3 can also drive the cover plate 2 to rotate in the opposite direction to close. Furthermore, configuring the driving component 3 with a structure including two magnetic components, and using it to drive the cover plate 2 to rotate to the closed state, where the opening of the cover plate 2 is achieved through water flow, simplifies the overall structure of the driving component 3 and effectively reduces costs.

[0054] The protective plate body 1 is made of plastic to achieve weight reduction. The protective plate body 1 is also fixedly provided with a limiting block 12. This limiting block 12 and the protective plate body 1 can be an integrally formed structure or a separate structure, and are fixed to each other by fasteners, adhesives, or other methods. A second magnetic component 32 is embedded within the limiting block 12. The limiting block 12 can be, for example,... Figure 6 and Figure 9 The limiting block 12 can be located above the body of the protective plate 1 and partially block the drainage hole 11, or it can be located inside the drainage hole 11. The setting of the limiting block 12 facilitates the fixing of the second magnetic component 32 to the body of the protective plate 1, and also facilitates the cooperation with the cover plate 2 to achieve the limiting. In the closed state, the cover plate 2 abuts against the lower surface of the limiting block 12 through the attraction of the two magnetic components.

[0055] The second magnetic component 32 and the limiting block 12 can be integrated by injection molding, so that the second magnetic component 32 is embedded in the limiting block 12. Alternatively, the limiting block 12 can also be provided with a mounting groove, and the second magnetic component 32 can be installed in the mounting groove by fasteners or adhesives.

[0056] Similarly, there are no restrictions on the fixing method between the first magnetic component 31 and the cover plate 2. The first magnetic component 31 and the cover plate 2 can be fixed by adhesive, fasteners, or by integral injection molding. Alternatively, the cover plate 2 can be provided with a mounting groove, and the first magnetic component 31 can be embedded in the mounting groove.

[0057] The protective plate body 1 is also provided with a limiting structure 13. The cover plate 2 can rotate downward relative to the protective plate body 1 until it abuts against the limiting structure 13. By setting the limiting structure 13, the opening angle of the cover plate 2 can be limited to prevent the opening angle of the cover plate 2 from being too large, which would cause the driving component 3 to be unable to drive the cover plate 2 to close.

[0058] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the limiting structure 13 is not limited, such as... Figure 2 As shown, one side wall of the drain hole 11 is inclined and forms the aforementioned limiting structure 13, as... Figure 2 and Figure 8 The side wall of the cover plate 2 opposite to the limiting structure 13 forms a limiting wall surface 23, specifically, as shown in the figure. Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the limiting wall surface 23 includes a first segment 231 and a second segment 232 along the thickness direction of the cover plate 2. The second segment 232 forms a certain angle with the first segment 231, and the second segment 232 is located on the side facing downwards towards the cover plate body 1, while the first segment 231 is located on the side facing upwards towards the cover plate body 1. When the cover plate 2 is in the closed state, as... Figure 6As shown, the first segment 231 is parallel to the inclined surface, and the distance between the second segment 232 and the inclined surface is greater than the distance between the first segment 231 and the inclined surface. Furthermore, the distance between the second segment 232 and the inclined surface gradually increases from the side closer to the first segment 231 to the side farther away from the first segment 231. The cover plate 2 is in the open state, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the second segment 232 abuts against the inclined surface to achieve the limit.

[0059] Of course, in this embodiment, the cover plate 2 may also be provided with a limiting member. After the cover plate 2 is rotated to a preset angle, the limiting member can abut against the limiting structure 13 to achieve limiting. When the limiting structure 13 is formed by an inclined surface, the overall structure of the bottom guard plate can be simplified, the installation operation can be facilitated, and the production cost can be effectively reduced.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 As shown, the maximum opening angle α of the cover plate 2 is preferably between 10° and 30°. That is, when the cover plate 2 rotates from the closed state to the point where the cover plate 2 abuts against the limiting structure 13, the cover plate 2 has rotated 10° to 30°. Of course, the maximum angle can also be 5°, 8°, 40°, 50°, etc. Setting the maximum angle α to between 10° and 30°, such as 10°, 20°, 30°, etc., can reduce the driving force requirement of the drive component 3 while ensuring drainage capacity, thereby reducing the cost of the drive component 3.

[0061] The water flow force may vary at different positions of the cover plate body 1. Therefore, the opening angle of the cover plate 2 at different positions may be different. The opening and closing of each cover plate 2 is independent of each other, which provides good flexibility.

[0062] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "thickness", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A bottom protective plate, characterized in that, It includes a guard plate body (1), a cover plate (2), and a drive component (3); The protective plate body (1) has a drainage hole (11) extending through it along the thickness direction, and the cover plate (2) is pivotally connected to the protective plate body (1) to open and close the drainage hole (11). The drive component (3) is used to drive the cover plate (2) to close the drain hole (11).

2. The bottom protective plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the cover plate (2) closing the drain hole (11), the cover plate (2) is located inside the drain hole (11).

3. The bottom protective plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, With the cover plate (2) closed and the drain hole (11) closed, the lower surface of the cover plate (2) is aligned with the lower surface of the guard plate body (1).

4. The bottom protective plate according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, One side end of the cover plate (2) forms a pivot end (21). The pivot end (21) and the inner wall of the drain hole (11) are provided with a mounting hole (111) and a rotating shaft (22). The rotating shaft (22) is rotatably disposed in the mounting hole (111).

5. The bottom protective plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective plate body (1) is also provided with a limiting structure (13), and the cover plate (2) can rotate downward relative to the protective plate body (1) to abut against the limiting structure (13).

6. The bottom protective plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drain hole (11) is a square hole. The side wall of the drain hole (11) facing the rotating shaft (22) is an inclined surface and forms the limiting structure (13). The side wall of the pivot end (21) includes a first section (231) and a second section (232) along the thickness direction. When the cover plate (2) is in the closed state, the first segment (231) is parallel to the inclined surface, and the distance between the second segment (232) and the inclined surface is less than the distance between the first segment (231) and the inclined surface; When the cover plate (2) is in the open state, the second section (232) abuts against the inclined surface.

7. The bottom protective plate according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The driving component (3) includes a first magnetic element (31) and a second magnetic element (32), the first magnetic element (31) being fixed to the cover plate (2) and the second magnetic element (32) being fixed to the protective plate body (1).

8. The bottom protective plate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protective plate body (1) is a plastic part, and the protective plate body (1) is also fixed with a limiting block (12), and the second magnetic part (32) is embedded in the limiting block (12).

9. The bottom protective plate according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The maximum rotation angle of the cover plate (2) is in the range of 10°-30°.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the bottom guard plate as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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