Ventilation system, vehicle body and railway vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, and provides a ventilation system, a vehicle body and a railway vehicle, the ventilation system comprises a diversion cavity, an air return cavity and an air return channel, the diversion cavity is formed between a vehicle body top plate and a built-in top plate, the vehicle body top plate is provided with an air inlet, and a gap is formed between the edge of the built-in top plate and the vehicle body top plate to form an air supply outlet; the air return cavity is formed in the in-vehicle electrical cabinet, a first exhaust outlet is formed in the side wall of the in-vehicle electrical cabinet, a second exhaust outlet is formed in a top plate of the vehicle body, and the second exhaust outlet is correspondingly communicated with the air return cavity; the air return channel is arranged between the vehicle body top plate and an air return port of the air conditioning unit, and two ends of the air return channel are hermetically connected to the second exhaust port and the air return port of the air conditioning unit respectively. Thus, the air supply outlet is formed in the side direction, air is exhausted in the vehicle in the horizontal direction and then flows downwards, downward direct blowing of the air supply outlet is avoided, the first exhaust outlet serves as an in-vehicle air return opening and is hidden in the in-vehicle electrical cabinet, and the attractiveness in the vehicle and the comfort experience of a driver are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail vehicle technology, and provides a ventilation system, a car body, and a rail vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The ventilation system in a rail vehicle driver's cab is a crucial component in ensuring air quality, temperature, and comfort within the cab. The cab is equipped with in-vehicle air supply vents and in-vehicle air return vents. The primary function of the in-vehicle air supply vents is to introduce treated (e.g., filtered, heated, or cooled) fresh air into the driver's cab to maintain air quality and provide a healthy working environment for the driver. The in-vehicle air return vents collect used air from the driver's cab and exhaust it outdoors.

[0003] In related technologies, the air supply and return vents are directly placed on the ceiling of the driver's cab, affecting the cab's aesthetics. The air supply vents, located on the ceiling, blow air directly downwards, resulting in a direct airflow onto the driver and a poor driving experience.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of poor aesthetics of the driver's cab and poor driver comfort caused by in-vehicle air supply vents and return air vents has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a ventilation system, a vehicle body, and a rail vehicle to solve the defects in related technologies, such as poor aesthetics of the driver's cab and poor driver comfort caused by the air supply and return vents inside the vehicle, thereby improving the aesthetics of the driver's cab and enhancing the driver's comfort.

[0006] This utility model provides a ventilation system, including:

[0007] A flow guide cavity is formed between the vehicle body roof panel and the interior roof panel. The vehicle body roof panel is provided with an air inlet suitable for connecting to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit. There is a gap between the edge of the interior roof panel and the vehicle body roof panel to form an air outlet. Both the air inlet and the air outlet are connected to the flow guide cavity.

[0008] The return air cavity is formed inside the vehicle electrical cabinet. The side wall of the vehicle electrical cabinet is provided with a first exhaust vent, which connects the vehicle interior space with the return air cavity. The roof of the vehicle body is provided with a second exhaust vent, which is correspondingly connected to the return air cavity.

[0009] A return air duct is provided between the vehicle roof panel and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit, with both ends of the return air duct being sealed and connected to the second exhaust vent and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit, respectively.

[0010] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the projection area of ​​the air inlet along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The interior roof panel is fixed to the vehicle body roof panel by a connecting device, the connecting device comprising:

[0011] A mounting beam is provided on the side of the interior roof panel close to the vehicle body roof panel, and the extending direction of the mounting beam is consistent with the extending direction of the air supply edge of the interior roof panel.

[0012] A lifting frame is provided to connect the mounting beam and the interior roof panel to the vehicle body roof panel. Multiple lifting frames are provided and are distributed at intervals along the extension direction of the mounting beam. The distance between any two adjacent lifting frames connects the spaces on both sides of the mounting beam.

[0013] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the projection area of ​​the interior lighting lamp along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The interior roof panel is provided with mounting holes adapted to the interior lighting lamp, the interior lighting lamp is embedded in the mounting holes, and a sealed and waterproof structure is provided between the interior lighting lamp and the interior roof panel.

[0014] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the projection area of ​​the air inlet along the vertical direction of the vehicle body and the projection area of ​​the interior lighting along the vertical direction of the vehicle body do not intersect each other.

[0015] The projection area of ​​the interior roof panel along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is the first area, and the projection areas of the interior lighting and the air intake along the vertical direction of the vehicle body are the second area. The second area is located within the first area, and the first area and the second area are arranged in a conformal manner.

[0016] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the return air duct includes:

[0017] The mounting base has a cylindrical structure with open ends. The mounting base is located at the second air vent, and one end of the mounting base is sealed to the outer wall of the vehicle body roof.

[0018] A return air duct is disposed between the mounting base and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit, and the second end of the return air duct is sealed to the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit;

[0019] A transition skirt is disposed between the return air duct and the mounting base. The transition skirt is sealed to the first end of the return air duct and is sleeved on the outside of the mounting base.

[0020] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the first end of the return air duct is provided with a connecting part, which is adapted to be fixedly connected to the roof of the vehicle body.

[0021] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the return air duct further includes:

[0022] A connecting tube is disposed between the return air duct and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit. The second end face of the return air duct and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit are both parallel to the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The two ends of the connecting tube are respectively connected to the second end of the return air inlet and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit. The two ends of the connecting tube form U-shaped grooves, and the openings of the U-shaped grooves face the roof of the vehicle body. The return air inlet of the air conditioning unit and the second end of the return air duct are provided with flanges, which are adapted to be inserted into the U-shaped grooves.

[0023] According to the ventilation system provided by this utility model, the return air duct further includes:

[0024] A protective cover is disposed on the side of the connecting cylinder away from the vehicle body roof. The protective cover is adapted to cover the connection structure between the return air duct and the connecting cylinder, as well as the connection structure between the connecting cylinder and the return air vent of the air conditioning unit.

[0025] This utility model also provides a vehicle body, including the above-mentioned ventilation system.

[0026] This utility model also provides a rail vehicle, including the ventilation system described above, or including the car body described above.

[0027] The ventilation system provided by this utility model includes a guide cavity, a return air cavity, and a return air duct. The guide cavity is formed between the vehicle body roof panel and the interior roof panel. The vehicle body roof panel is provided with an air inlet for connecting to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit. A gap exists between the edge of the interior roof panel and the vehicle body roof panel to form an air supply outlet. Both the air inlet and the air supply outlet are connected to the guide cavity. The air from the air conditioning unit enters the guide cavity through the air inlet of the vehicle body roof panel, and then, under the guiding effect of the interior roof panel, is delivered to the vehicle interior through the air supply outlet. The return air cavity is formed inside the vehicle interior electrical cabinet. A first exhaust vent is provided on the side wall of the vehicle interior electrical cabinet, connecting the vehicle interior space to the return air cavity. A second exhaust vent is provided on the vehicle body roof panel, correspondingly connected to the return air cavity. Gas in the vehicle interior space can enter the return air cavity through the first exhaust vent and be discharged through the second exhaust vent. The return air duct is located between the vehicle roof panel and the return air vent of the air conditioning unit. Both ends of the duct are sealed and connected to the second exhaust vent and the air conditioning unit's return air vent, respectively. Air from the return air chamber is exhausted through the second exhaust vent and then through the return air duct to the air conditioning unit's return air vent. This design utilizes the gap between the edge of the interior roof panel and the vehicle roof panel as an air supply vent. The vent opens laterally, and the airflow within the guide chamber flows horizontally into the vehicle and then downwards, avoiding direct downward airflow and improving driver comfort. Furthermore, the first exhaust vent, serving as the vehicle's return air vent, is concealed within the vehicle's electrical cabinet, preventing exposure and enhancing both the vehicle's aesthetics and driver comfort. This addresses the issues of poor driver cab aesthetics and driver comfort caused by separate interior air supply and return vents in related technologies.

[0028] In addition, during the return air process, the low-temperature gas in the vehicle's interior passes through the vehicle's electrical cabinet and then flows to the air return vent of the air conditioning unit. As the low-temperature gas passes through the vehicle's electrical cabinet, it can carry away the heat inside the cabinet and cool down the components inside.

[0029] Furthermore, the vehicle body provided by this utility model also possesses the various advantages described above due to the ventilation system described above.

[0030] Furthermore, the rail vehicle provided by this utility model, having the ventilation system or car body described above, also possesses the various advantages described above. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply structure of the ventilation system provided by this utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the internal top plate and connecting device provided by this utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the return air duct provided by this utility model.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the return air duct and the return air inlet of the air conditioning unit provided by this utility model.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the return air duct and the vehicle roof provided by this utility model.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting cylinder provided by this utility model.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 1. Air intake cavity; 2. Vehicle body roof panel; 3. Interior roof panel; 4. Air conditioning unit; 5. Air inlet; 6. Air outlet; 7. Air return outlet; 8. Mounting beam; 9. Lifting frame; 10. Interior lighting; 11. Sealed and waterproof structure; 12. Mounting base; 13. Return air duct; 14. Transition skirt; 15. Connecting tube; 16. U-shaped channel; 17. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0041] The following is combined Figures 1 to 6 This invention describes the ventilation system of the present invention.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the ventilation system provided in this embodiment of the present invention includes a guide cavity 1, a return air cavity, and a return air duct.

[0043] Specifically, the flow guide cavity 1 is formed between the vehicle body roof panel 2 and the interior roof panel 3. The interior roof panel 3 is located below the vehicle body roof panel 2, and there is a gap between the interior roof panel 3 and the vehicle body roof panel 2. The space between the interior roof panel 3 and the vehicle body roof panel 2 can serve as the flow guide cavity 1.

[0044] The roof panel 2 is provided with an air inlet 5 for connecting to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit 4. There is a gap between the edge of the interior roof panel 3 and the roof panel 2 to form an air outlet 6. Both the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6 are connected to the guide cavity 1.

[0045] The interior roof panel 3 serves as the side wall of the airflow guiding cavity 1, guiding the gas flow within the cavity and directing the air intake from the air inlet 5 to the air outlet 6. The air outlet of the air conditioning unit 4 enters the airflow guiding cavity 1 through the air intake 5 of the roof panel 2, and is then delivered to the vehicle interior through the air outlet 6 under the guiding effect of the interior roof panel 3.

[0046] The return air chamber is formed inside the vehicle's electrical cabinet. A first exhaust vent is located on the side wall of the electrical cabinet, connecting the vehicle's interior space to the return air chamber. This first exhaust vent can be located on the cabinet door of the electrical cabinet and can be a strip-shaped opening. Installing a grille at the first exhaust vent can prevent debris from entering the electrical cabinet and improve the vehicle's interior aesthetics.

[0047] The roof panel 2 of the vehicle body is equipped with a second air vent, which is connected to the return air chamber.

[0048] The air inside the vehicle can enter the return air chamber through the first exhaust vent and be exhausted through the second exhaust vent.

[0049] The return air duct is located between the roof panel 2 of the vehicle body and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4. The two ends of the return air duct are respectively sealed and connected to the second exhaust vent and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4.

[0050] The return air chamber exhausts air through the second exhaust vent and then through the return air duct to the return air vent 7 of the air conditioning unit 4.

[0051] This design utilizes the gap between the edge of the interior roof panel 3 and the vehicle body roof panel 2 as the air vent 6, which is laterally positioned to create a concealed air supply structure. The airflow within the guide cavity 1 flows horizontally into the vehicle and then downwards, avoiding direct downward blowing from the air vent 6 and improving driver comfort. Furthermore, the first row of air vents serves as the vehicle's return air vents, concealed within the vehicle's electrical cabinet, preventing exposure of the return air vents and enhancing both the vehicle's aesthetics and driver comfort. This addresses the issues of poor driver cab aesthetics and driver comfort caused by interior air vents and return air vents in related technologies.

[0052] In addition, during the return air process, the low-temperature gas in the vehicle interior passes through the vehicle electrical cabinet and then flows to the return air vent 7 of the air conditioning unit 4. When the low-temperature gas passes through the vehicle electrical cabinet, it can carry away the heat inside the vehicle electrical cabinet and cool down the components inside the vehicle electrical cabinet.

[0053] The air outlet of the air conditioning unit 4 enters the vehicle after passing through the guide cavity 1. Compared with the existing technology that allows the air outlet of the air conditioning unit 4 to directly enter the vehicle, the air temperature at the air outlet 6 in this embodiment is more comfortable.

[0054] The air conditioning unit 4 is installed above the roof panel 2 of the vehicle body, with the vertical direction of the vehicle body parallel to the load-bearing direction of the roof panel 2 on the air conditioning unit 4. The vertical direction of the vehicle body is referenced. Figure 1 The direction indicated by m.

[0055] In this embodiment of the utility model, the projection area of ​​the air inlet 5 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel 3 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body, so that the air intake of the air inlet 5 is completely applied to the interior roof panel 3.

[0056] The interior roof panel 3 is fixed to the vehicle body roof panel 2 by a connecting device, which includes a mounting beam 8 and a lifting frame 9.

[0057] Mounting beam 8 is located on the side of the interior roof panel 3 closest to the vehicle body roof panel 2, and the extending direction of mounting beam 8 is consistent with the extending direction of the air supply edge of the interior roof panel 3. There is a certain distance between mounting beam 8 and the edge of the interior roof panel 3.

[0058] The lifting frame 9 is used to connect the mounting beam 8 and the interior roof plate 3 to the vehicle body roof plate 2. Multiple lifting frames 9 are provided, and the multiple lifting frames 9 are distributed at intervals along the extension direction of the mounting beam 8. The distance between any two adjacent lifting frames 9 connects the spaces on both sides of the mounting beam 8.

[0059] The air intake of the air inlet 5 first enters the side of the mounting beam 8 away from the edge of the interior roof panel 3. Under the guidance of the interior roof panel 3, it flows to the mounting beam 8, and then flows to the edge of the interior roof panel 3 through the gap between any two adjacent mounting frames 9. Finally, it flows into the interior space through the gap between the interior roof panel 3 and the vehicle body roof panel 2.

[0060] The installation of the hanging frame 9 not only enables the installation of the interior ceiling panel 3 but also ensures proper airflow. Furthermore, the hanging frame 9 also has a turbulent effect on the airflow, making the airflow more uniform.

[0061] In addition, the gap between the edge of the interior roof panel 3 and the vehicle body roof panel 2 has a certain extension length, which increases the air supply coverage area.

[0062] In this embodiment, the projection area of ​​the interior lighting lamp 10 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel 3 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The interior roof panel 3 is provided with mounting holes, which are adapted to the interior lighting lamp 10, and the interior lighting lamp 10 is embedded in the mounting holes.

[0063] A sealed waterproof structure 11 is provided between the interior lighting 10 and the interior roof panel 3 to isolate the drainage cavity 1 from the interior lighting 10, prevent the condensate formed in the drainage cavity 1 from flowing into the interior lighting 10, and prevent water leakage and damage to the interior lighting 10.

[0064] The aforementioned sealing and waterproofing structure 11 can be a sealing foam.

[0065] The projection areas of the air intake 5 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body and the projection areas of the interior lighting 10 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body do not intersect. Specifically, the projection areas of the air intake 5 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body and the projection areas of the interior lighting 10 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body can be distributed at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. It should be noted here that the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body is perpendicular to the vertical direction of the vehicle body, and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body is consistent with the front-rear direction of the vehicle body.

[0066] The projection area of ​​the interior roof panel 3 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is the first area, and the projection area of ​​the interior lighting 10 and the air intake 5 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is the second area. Figure 2 The dashed frame located to the right of the interior lighting 10 represents the projection area of ​​the air intake 5 onto the roof panel 3 along the vertical direction of the vehicle body.

[0067] In a further embodiment, the second region is located within the first region, and the first and second regions are arranged conformally, as shown in the reference. Figure 2 It can enhance the aesthetics of the car interior.

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the return air duct is located outside the vehicle roof panel 2 and is used to transport exhaust gas from inside the vehicle to the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4. The return air duct includes a mounting base 12, a return air duct 13, and a transition skirt 14.

[0069] Mounting base 12 is a cylindrical structure with open ends. Mounting base 12 is located at the second air vent, and the inner cavity of mounting base 12 is connected to the second air vent. One end of mounting base 12 is sealed to the outer wall of the vehicle body roof plate 2.

[0070] The return air duct 13 is disposed between the mounting base 12 and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4, and the second end of the return air duct 13 is sealed to the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4.

[0071] The transition skirt 14 is disposed between the return air duct 13 and the mounting base 12. The transition skirt 14 is sealed to the first end of the return air duct 13, and the transition skirt 14 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting base 12.

[0072] This configuration, which segments the return air duct and connects the return air duct 13 to the mounting base 12 via the transition skirt 14, reduces positioning errors, lowers the requirements for installation accuracy, and facilitates disassembly, assembly, inspection, and maintenance.

[0073] Alternatively, the transition skirt 14 can be inserted into the interior of the first end of the return air duct 13, and the mounting base 12 can be inserted into the interior of the transition skirt 14 to provide waterproofing.

[0074] In this embodiment, a connecting part is provided at the first end of the return air duct 13, which is used to fix the connection with the vehicle roof plate 2.

[0075] Specifically, the aforementioned connecting part can be a flange located at the first end of the return air duct 13, and a fixing seat can be provided on the outer side of the vehicle body roof plate 2. The connecting part and the fixing seat are fastened together using connecting bolts. The connecting bolts can exert a force on the return air duct 13 near the vehicle body roof plate 2 through the connecting part, so that the return air duct 13 is pressed tightly against the mounting seat 12, thereby improving the sealing and waterproof performance.

[0076] In a further embodiment, the return air duct also includes a connecting cylinder 15, which is disposed between the return air duct 13 and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4. The second end face of the return air duct 13 and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4 are both parallel to the vertical direction of the vehicle body, and the two ends of the connecting cylinder 15 are respectively connected to the second end of the return air inlet 7 and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4.

[0077] U-shaped grooves 16 are formed at both ends of the connecting cylinder 15, with the openings of the U-shaped grooves 16 facing the vehicle body roof plate 2. When the vehicle body is on a horizontal plane, the vehicle body roof plate 2 is set in the horizontal direction, and at this time the U-shaped grooves 16 are set downwards.

[0078] The air conditioning unit 4 has a return air inlet 7 and a return air duct 13 with a flange at the second end, which can be inserted into the U-shaped groove 16.

[0079] When installing the connecting cylinder 15 between the return air inlet 7 and the return air duct 13 of the air conditioning unit 4, the U-shaped groove 16 at the end of the connecting cylinder 15 should face downwards, and the connecting cylinder 15 should be moved from top to bottom so that the flange of the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4 and the flange at the second end of the return air duct 13 are inserted into the U-shaped grooves 16 at both ends of the connecting cylinder 15. Then, the flange of the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4 is fastened to one end of the connecting cylinder 15 using connecting bolts, and the flange at the second end of the return air duct 13 is fastened to the other end of the connecting cylinder 15 using connecting bolts.

[0080] The joint between the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4 and the end of the connecting cylinder 15, as well as the joint between the second end of the return air duct 13 and the end of the connecting cylinder 15, are both located inside and below the U-shaped groove 16. The U-shaped groove 16 can prevent water from entering the joints.

[0081] In this embodiment, the return air duct also includes a protective cover 17, which is disposed on the side of the connecting cylinder 15 away from the vehicle roof 2. When the vehicle body is on a horizontal plane, the protective cover 17 is located above the connecting cylinder 15. The protective cover 17 can shield the connection structure between the return air duct 13 and the connecting cylinder 15, as well as the connection structure between the connecting cylinder 15 and the return air inlet 7 of the air conditioning unit 4, avoiding aging problems caused by sun and rain.

[0082] The aforementioned protective cover 17 has a top plate and a pair of side plates, which are fixedly connected together to form an integrated structure.

[0083] On the other hand, this embodiment of the utility model also provides a vehicle body, including the ventilation system provided in any of the above embodiments. The ventilation system provided in any of the above embodiments can improve the aesthetics of the vehicle interior and enhance the driver's comfort experience. Therefore, the vehicle body provided in this embodiment has the advantages of being aesthetically pleasing and providing comfortable driving and riding. The derivation process of the beneficial effects of the vehicle body in this utility model embodiment is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effects of the ventilation system described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0084] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also provides a rail vehicle, including the ventilation system or vehicle body provided in any of the above embodiments. It possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned ventilation system or vehicle body, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0085] The derivation process of the beneficial effects of the rail vehicle in this embodiment of the present invention is largely similar to the derivation process of the beneficial effects of the ventilation system or the car body described above, so it will not be repeated here.

[0086] The rail vehicle provided in this embodiment of the utility model can be a high-speed train, a bullet train, an urban rail train, etc.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ventilation system, characterized in that, include: A flow guide cavity (1) is formed between the vehicle body roof panel (2) and the interior roof panel (3). The vehicle body roof panel (2) is provided with an air inlet (5) suitable for connecting to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit (4). There is a gap between the edge of the interior roof panel (3) and the vehicle body roof panel (2) to form an air outlet (6). Both the air inlet (5) and the air outlet (6) are connected to the flow guide cavity (1). The return air cavity is formed inside the vehicle electrical cabinet. The side wall of the vehicle electrical cabinet is provided with a first exhaust vent. The first exhaust vent connects the vehicle interior space and the return air cavity. The vehicle roof plate (2) is provided with a second exhaust vent. The second exhaust vent is correspondingly connected to the return air cavity. The return air duct is located between the vehicle body roof plate (2) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4). The two ends of the return air duct are respectively sealed and connected to the second exhaust air outlet and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4).

2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projection area of ​​the air inlet (5) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel (3) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The interior roof panel (3) is fixed to the vehicle body roof panel (2) by a connecting device, the connecting device including: Mounting beam (8) is provided on the side of the interior roof panel (3) close to the vehicle body roof panel (2), and the extension direction of the mounting beam (8) is consistent with the extension direction of the edge of the interior roof panel (3) used for air supply. The hoisting frame (9) is adapted to connect the mounting beam (8) and the interior roof plate (3) to the vehicle body roof plate (2). Multiple hoisting frames (9) are provided, and the multiple hoisting frames (9) are distributed at intervals along the extension direction of the mounting beam (8). The distance between any two adjacent hoisting frames (9) connects the spaces on both sides of the mounting beam (8).

3. The ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The projection area of ​​the interior lighting lamp (10) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is located within the projection area of ​​the interior roof panel (3) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The interior roof panel (3) is provided with mounting holes adapted to the interior lighting lamp (10). The interior lighting lamp (10) is embedded in the mounting holes. A sealed and waterproof structure (11) is provided between the interior lighting lamp (10) and the interior roof panel (3).

4. The ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The projection area of ​​the air inlet (5) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body and the projection area of ​​the interior lighting (10) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body do not intersect each other. The projection area of ​​the interior roof panel (3) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body is the first area, and the projection areas of the interior lighting lamp (10) and the air inlet (5) along the vertical direction of the vehicle body are the second area. The second area is located within the first area, and the first area and the second area are arranged according to the shape.

5. The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The return air duct includes: The mounting base (12) is a cylindrical structure with open ends. The mounting base (12) is located at the second exhaust port. One end of the mounting base (12) is sealed to the outer wall of the vehicle body roof plate (2). A return air duct (13) is disposed between the mounting base (12) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4), and the second end of the return air duct (13) is sealed to the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4); A transition skirt (14) is disposed between the return air duct (13) and the mounting base (12). The transition skirt (14) is sealed to the first end of the return air duct (13) and is sleeved on the outside of the mounting base (12).

6. The ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first end of the return air duct (13) is provided with a connecting part, which is adapted to be fixedly connected to the vehicle body roof plate (2).

7. The ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The return air duct also includes: A connecting tube (15) is disposed between the return air duct (13) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4). The second end face of the return air duct (13) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4) are parallel to the vertical direction of the vehicle body. The two ends of the connecting tube (15) are respectively connected to the second end of the return air inlet (7) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4). The two ends of the connecting tube (15) form U-shaped grooves (16). The opening of the U-shaped grooves (16) faces the top plate (2) of the vehicle body. The return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4) and the second end of the return air duct (13) are provided with flanges. The flanges are suitable for insertion into the U-shaped grooves (16).

8. The ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The return air duct also includes: A protective cover (17) is provided on the side of the connecting cylinder (15) away from the vehicle body roof plate (2). The protective cover (17) is adapted to cover the connection structure between the return air duct (13) and the connecting cylinder (15) and the connection structure between the connecting cylinder (15) and the return air inlet (7) of the air conditioning unit (4).

9. A vehicle body, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, It includes the ventilation system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, or the vehicle body as described in claim 9.

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