Diameter-variable cutting head of heading machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a variable-diameter cutting head of a heading machine. The variable-diameter cutting head comprises a cutterhead and a telescopic arm, a cutter; the variable-diameter disc and the cutter disc are coaxially arranged, and the variable-diameter disc can asynchronously rotate relative to the cutter disc; the variable-diameter groove is a groove body which is located in the variable-diameter disc and is provided with a hole towards the direction of the cutter head, the variable-diameter groove is in an arc shape, and the distance between the variable-diameter groove and the circle center of the variable-diameter groove is gradually increased from head to tail in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction; a variable-diameter groove is formed in the cutterhead, a telescopic arm is arranged in the variable-diameter groove, the telescopic arm is fixedly connected or inserted with a follow-up bulge which penetrates through the cutterhead and is embedded into the variable-diameter groove, and when the cutterhead and the variable-diameter disc rotate asynchronously, the telescopic arm stretches out and draws back by means of the change of the position of the follow-up bulge in the variable-diameter groove. And when the variable-diameter disc and the cutter head move relatively, the radius of the upper cutter of the telescopic arm is changed, so that the purpose of milling and / or expanding an old pipeline in trenchless pipeline repair is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of trenchless pipeline construction technology and equipment, specifically relating to a variable diameter cutting head for tunneling machines. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a specialized machine used for underground engineering excavation. Its working principle involves using power-driven cutting tools to cut and break materials such as rock and soil. TBMs can be categorized into various types based on their usage and working principle, primarily including tunnel boring machines (TBMs), rock cutters, mining TBMs, and shaft and tunnel boring machines. TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines) allow for parallel and continuous operation of excavation, support, and muck removal. In recent years, with the development of trenchless pipeline construction and repair technologies, TBMs have been increasingly used to organize underground pipeline installation and repair without damaging the surface. In municipal engineering construction, the use of trenchless construction technology can reduce the impact on urban traffic. Especially in projects requiring the crossing of roads or waterways, trenchless technology offers significant advantages, minimizing disruption to residents' daily lives during construction.

[0003] However, with the refinement of technology applications, in certain specific fields, such as pipeline renovation, construction schemes involving modifying the original pipeline route or enlarging the original pipeline diameter are gradually expanding, leading to increasingly customized requirements for tunneling machines. The inventors discovered through research that various variable-diameter cutterheads exist in existing TBM technologies, such as CN118361241A (a novel variable-diameter cutterhead structure, tunneling machine, and method for a vertical shaft reaming tunneling machine) and CN221742604U (a variable-diameter cutterhead and tunneling machine for a tunneling machine). However, these technologies all employ cutterheads with full-section crushing capabilities, which cannot be accurately adapted to the milling and diameter enlargement work in trenchless pipeline repair technology.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a variable diameter cutting head for tunneling machines suitable for the repair technology of abandoned pipe excavation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problem that traditional full-face tunneling machine cutterheads cannot adapt to the milling and diameter expansion of trenchless pipeline technology, the inventors designed a device that uses the relative movement of the cutterhead and the variable diameter disc to drive the telescopic boom to change diameter, specifically addressing the characteristics of trenchless pipelines with a hollow center and edges made of metal, concrete, or plastic. The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine, comprising:

[0006] Cutter head;

[0007] The telescopic arm is a rod that slides and extends radially along the cutter head;

[0008] The cutting tool is a tool used for milling and diameter expansion, and is fixedly connected to the distal end of the telescopic arm relative to the center of the cutter head;

[0009] A variable diameter disc is arranged coaxially with the cutter head and can rotate asynchronously relative to the cutter head;

[0010] The variable diameter groove is a groove located on the variable diameter disk with an opening facing the cutter head. The variable diameter groove is arc-shaped, and the distance from the center of the variable diameter groove gradually increases from the beginning to the end in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0011] The telescopic arm is fixedly connected or inserted with a follower protrusion that passes through the cutter head and is embedded in the variable diameter groove. When the cutter head and the variable diameter plate rotate asynchronously, the telescopic arm extends and retracts by means of the change in position of the follower protrusion in the variable diameter groove.

[0012] Furthermore,

[0013] The telescopic arm is slidably connected to the cutter head, and the telescopic arm is embedded in the cutter head.

[0014] Furthermore,

[0015] When the telescopic arm extends to its furthest position from the cutter head, the cutter protrudes beyond the outer edge of the cutter head.

[0016] Furthermore,

[0017] In the variable diameter grooves corresponding to two adjacent telescopic arms, the line connecting the first end position inside the center of the variable diameter disc and the last end position outside the center passes through the center of the variable diameter disc.

[0018] Furthermore,

[0019] The follower protrusion is T-shaped and protrudes out of the outside of the telescopic arm, and the T-shaped protruding end is embedded in the variable diameter groove.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a stop section to prevent the telescopic arm from moving toward the center of the cutter head;

[0021] The check valve is located on the outer side of the telescopic arm in the direction of the center of the cutter head, and can be adjusted to abut against the end of the telescopic arm.

[0022] Furthermore, the check valve includes

[0023] The baffle is a rigid body that is detachably installed on the cutter head and covers the telescopic arm's extension path, providing a hard limit when the cutter or telescopic arm moves toward the center of the cutter head.

[0024] Furthermore,

[0025] The baffle can be installed at multiple locations along the telescopic arm's telescopic path.

[0026] Furthermore, the check valve includes:

[0027] The positioning support is a lead screw sleeved on the baffle and facing the telescopic arm. The position of the end of the positioning support is adjusted by rotating the lead screw, and a hard limit is provided when the cutter or telescopic arm moves toward the center of the cutter head.

[0028] Furthermore,

[0029] Multiple detachable locking blocks are installed between the positioning support and the telescopic arm. The overall length can be adjusted by changing the number of these blocks, and the positioning support and the locking blocks work together to provide a hard limit.

[0030] The advantages of this utility model over the prior art are as follows: by using an arc-shaped variable diameter groove on the variable diameter disc, the radius of the upper cutter of the telescopic arm changes when the variable diameter disc and the cutter head move relative to each other, so as to achieve the purpose of milling and / or enlarging of old pipelines in trenchless pipeline repair. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an axial view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is an axial view of the telescopic arm in the extended state according to a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a front view of a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the variable diameter groove according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a front view of the variable diameter disc according to a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view showing the cooperation relationship between the variable diameter disc and the telescopic arm in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the telescopic arm in the extended state, in the specific embodiment of the present utility model, showing the cooperation relationship between the variable diameter disc and the telescopic arm.

[0038] The annotation is represented as follows:

[0039] 100-Cutterhead;

[0040] 200 - Telescopic arm; 210 - Cutting tool; 220 - Follow-up protrusion;

[0041] 300 - Check valve; 310 - Baffle; 320 - Positioning support; 330 - Locking block;

[0042] 400 - Variable diameter disc; 410 - Variable diameter groove; Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0044] To overcome the limitation of traditional full-face tunnel boring machine cutterheads in adapting to the milling and diameter expansion of trenchless pipeline technology, the inventors designed a device that utilizes the relative movement of a cutterhead and a variable diameter disc to drive the telescopic boom to change diameter, specifically addressing the characteristics of trenchless pipelines with a hollow center and edges made of metal, concrete, or plastic. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 7 The specific implementation method adopts the following technical solution: a variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine, comprising:

[0045] Cutter head 100,

[0046] The telescopic arm 200 is a rod that slides radially along the cutter head 100. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the movement trajectory of the telescopic arm 200 needs to be radial, that is, it cannot deflect or rotate. Therefore, the above function can be achieved by implementing the form of slide rail, groove limit, telescopic rod, etc., so that the position of the telescopic arm 200 relative to the cutter head 100 changes when the variable diameter plate 400 moves in a misaligned manner.

[0047] The cutting tool 210, used for milling and diameter enlargement, is fixedly connected to the telescopic arm 200 at the distal end relative to the center of the cutterhead 100. Generally, to accommodate trenchless pipeline construction, i.e., milling and enlarging existing pipelines, the cutting tool 210 is positioned at the distal end relative to the center of the cutterhead 100. This is one of the key differences between the overall technical solution and a full-face tunneling machine.

[0048] The variable diameter disc 400 is coaxially arranged with the cutter head 100 and can rotate asynchronously relative to the cutter head 100. Asynchronous rotation here refers to relative motion that occurs during operation or when one disc is stationary. This requires the cutter head 100 and the variable diameter disc 400 to have different drive sources, or to have the same drive source but with a clutch or speed change device to achieve relative motion. The purpose of relative motion is to change the position of the follower protrusion 220 on the variable diameter groove 410. Since the variable diameter groove 410 is arc-shaped, the distance from the center of the groove gradually increases from one end to the other in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Therefore, during relative motion, the telescopic arm 200, driven by the follower protrusion 220, changes its position relative to the cutter head 100, achieving extension and retraction.

[0049] It should be noted that because the telescopic arm 200 only slides and extends radially along the cutter head 100, the lateral force of the follower protrusion 220 in the variable diameter groove 410 is canceled out, thus achieving only linear motion. Of course, in other embodiments, if there are multiple sets of variable diameter grooves 410 and follower protrusions 220 on the same telescopic arm 200, the same purpose can be achieved, which is consistent with the overall inventive concept of this technical solution.

[0050] Variable diameter groove 410, please refer to Figure 5 The variable diameter groove 410 is a slot located on the variable diameter disc 400, with an opening facing the cutter head 100. The variable diameter groove 410 is arc-shaped, and the distance from the center of the variable diameter groove 410 gradually increases from the beginning to the end in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Generally, there are multiple sets of telescopic arms 200 on the cutter head 100, so the number of corresponding variable diameter grooves 410 should be consistent with the number of telescopic arms 200, and the positional relationship of the multiple sets should be centrally symmetrical in pairs. Of course, in some embodiments, the telescopic amount may not be different to meet the coordination of different states of diameter expansion and milling, or because the purpose of the cutter 210 is different, different positions may appear to correspond to different working sections.

[0051] The telescopic arm 200 is fixedly connected or inserted with a follower protrusion 220 that passes through the cutter head 100 and is embedded in the variable diameter groove 410. When the cutter head 100 and the variable diameter disc 400 rotate asynchronously, the telescopic arm 200 extends and retracts by means of the change in position of the follower protrusion 220 in the variable diameter groove 410.

[0052] In some embodiments,

[0053] The telescopic arm 200 is slidably connected to the cutter head 100, and the telescopic arm 200 is embedded within the cutter head 100. (See also...) Figure 1 In this embodiment, the telescopic arm 200 and the cutter head 100 are connected by a linear guide rail or a groove. This achieves the purpose of preventing the telescopic arm 200 from deflecting.

[0054] In some embodiments, to facilitate trenchless pipeline repair construction

[0055] When the telescopic arm 200 extends to its furthest position from the cutter head 100, the cutter 210 protrudes from the outer edge of the cutter head 100.

[0056] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and 7 In order to achieve the positional change of two adjacent telescopic arms 200, that is, to meet the needs of the telescopic arm 200's extension stroke, the angle of relative movement is shortened.

[0057] In the variable diameter grooves 410 corresponding to two adjacent telescopic arms 200, the line connecting the first end position inside the center of the variable diameter disk 400 and the last end position outside the center passes through the center of the variable diameter disk 400.

[0058] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,

[0059] The follower protrusion 220 protrudes out of the telescopic arm 200 in a T-shape, and the T-shaped protruding end is embedded in the variable diameter groove 410.

[0060] In other embodiments, the telescopic arm 200, which is inherently limited by the variable diameter groove 410, will not retract when overcoming radial pressure. However, for redundancy, safety, and equipment stability considerations, a limit switch is used to prevent retraction. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 ,

[0061] It also includes a stop part 300 that prevents the telescopic arm 200 from moving toward the center of the cutter head 100;

[0062] The check valve 300 is located on the outer side of the telescopic arm 200 in the direction of the center of the cutter head 100, and can be adjusted to abut against the end of the telescopic arm 200.

[0063] In other embodiments, preferably, the check valve 300 includes

[0064] The baffle 310 is a rigid body that is detachably installed on the cutter head 100 and covers the telescopic path of the telescopic arm 200. It provides hard limiting when the cutter 210 or the telescopic arm 200 moves toward the center of the cutter head 100.

[0065] In some embodiments, the limiting function can be achieved simply by fixing the baffle 310 at different positions. This positional change can be achieved by another driven mechanism, similar to the extension and retraction of a pneumatic gripper, to change the position of the baffle 310. Alternatively, it can be achieved through manual installation using different bolt holes.

[0066] The baffle 310 can be installed at multiple locations on the telescopic path of the telescopic arm 200.

[0067] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The check valve 300 includes:

[0068] The positioning support 320 is a lead screw sleeved on the baffle 310 and facing the telescopic arm 200. The position of the end of the positioning support 320 is adjusted by rotating the lead screw, and a hard limit is provided when the cutter 210 or the telescopic arm 200 moves toward the center of the cutter head 100.

[0069] In some embodiments, preferably

[0070] Multiple detachable locking blocks 330 are installed between the positioning support 320 and the telescopic arm 200. The overall length of the locking blocks can be adjusted by changing their number. The positioning support 320 and the locking blocks 330 work together to provide a hard limit.

[0071] In specific operation: Both the cutterhead 100 and the reducing plate 400 are located at the end of the integral tunneling machine, and have two different power sources, or the same power source with a clutch or speed change, to achieve relative movement between the two. After the tunneling machine enters the working section, if a diameter change is required, under the relative movement of the cutterhead 100 and the reducing plate 400, such as in this embodiment where the cutterhead 100 moves clockwise relative to the reducing plate 400, the position of the follower protrusion 220 in the reducing groove 410 changes, gradually moving away from the center of the cutterhead 100, driving the telescopic boom 200 to achieve the purpose of diameter expansion. At the same time, since this embodiment is mainly applied to trenchless pipeline construction, that is, milling and diameter expansion of existing lines, the purpose of corresponding working face is achieved by adjusting the position of the cutter 210.

[0072] The advantages of the existing technology are as follows: by using the arc-shaped variable diameter groove on the variable diameter disc, the radius of the upper cutter of the telescopic arm changes during the relative movement of the variable diameter disc and the cutter head, thus enabling milling and / or diameter expansion of existing pipelines in trenchless pipeline repair.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine, characterized in that, include: Cutter head (100); The telescopic arm (200) is a rod that slides radially along the cutter head (100); The cutting tool (210) is a tool for milling and expanding diameter, and is fixedly connected to the far end of the telescopic arm (200) relative to the center of the cutter head (100); A variable diameter disc (400) is arranged coaxially with the cutter head (100) and can rotate asynchronously relative to the cutter head (100); The variable diameter groove (410) is a groove located on the variable diameter disk (400) with an opening facing the cutter head (100). The variable diameter groove (410) is arc-shaped, and the distance from the center of the variable diameter groove (410) gradually increases from the beginning to the end in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The telescopic arm (200) is fixedly connected or inserted with a follower protrusion (220) that passes through the cutter head (100) and is embedded in the variable diameter groove (410). When the cutter head (100) and the variable diameter disc (400) rotate asynchronously, the telescopic arm (200) extends and retracts by means of the change in position of the follower protrusion (220) in the variable diameter groove (410).

2. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic arm (200) is slidably connected to the cutter head (100), and the telescopic arm (200) is embedded in the cutter head (100).

3. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the telescopic arm (200) is extended to its furthest position from the cutter head (100), the cutter (210) protrudes from the outer edge of the cutter head (100).

4. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the variable diameter grooves (410) corresponding to two adjacent telescopic arms (200), the line connecting the first end position inside the center of the variable diameter disk (400) and the last end position outside the center passes through the center of the variable diameter disk (400).

5. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The follower protrusion (220) protrudes out of the telescopic arm (200) in a T-shape, and the T-shaped protruding end is embedded in the variable diameter groove (410).

6. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a stop (300) to prevent the telescopic arm (200) from moving toward the center of the cutter head (100); The check valve (300) is located outside the telescopic arm (200) in the direction of the center of the cutter head (100), and can be adjusted to abut against the end of the telescopic arm (200).

7. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The check valve (300) includes The baffle (310) is a rigid body that is detachably installed on the cutter head (100) and covers the telescopic path of the telescopic arm (200). It provides hard limit when the cutter (210) or the telescopic arm (200) moves toward the center of the cutter head (100).

8. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The baffle (310) can be installed at multiple locations on the telescopic path of the telescopic arm (200).

9. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The check valve (300) includes: The positioning support (320) is a lead screw sleeved on the baffle (310) and facing the telescopic arm (200). The position of the end of the positioning support (320) is adjusted by rotating the lead screw, and a hard limit is provided when the cutter (210) or the telescopic arm (200) moves toward the center of the cutter head (100).

10. The variable diameter cutting head for a tunneling machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, Multiple detachable locking blocks (330) are installed between the positioning support (320) and the telescopic arm (200), and the overall length can be adjusted by changing the number of these blocks. The positioning support (320) and the locking blocks (330) work together to provide a hard limit.

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