Battery management system and battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery management system and a battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device thereof. The battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device comprises a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a controller and a fire-fighting unit, the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are welded on a circuit board in the battery pack; the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are electrically connected with the controller. The controller is electrically connected with the fire-fighting unit; the controller is used for receiving a temperature signal of the temperature sensor and a voltage signal of the voltage sensor, and is also used for sending a first fire-fighting signal to the fire-fighting unit. The temperature sensor and the voltage sensor arranged in each battery pack are used for collecting the temperature and the voltage of each battery cell monomer, so that the identification and fire-fighting response efficiency of the thermal runaway condition of the battery pack is improved, the safety of the battery management energy storage system is further improved, the use of a fire-fighting assembly and a connecting wire harness is reduced, and the cost is reduced. The cost is reduced, and the space utilization rate, reliability and detection timeliness of the battery management system are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a battery management system and a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of the energy storage industry, the risk of thermal runaway fire in the battery pack of a liquid-cooled energy storage system has always been a serious safety problem. The traditional battery pack usually installs a fire detector integrated with smoke and temperature detection functions and a combustible gas detector to monitor temperature, smoke and gas concentration. When the set threshold is exceeded to determine potential danger, the fire alarm is triggered and the fire extinguishing is started. Therefore, smoke sensing, temperature sensing and combustible gas detection equipment play a key role in monitoring and controlling fire risk. However, the traditional smoke and temperature sensor has some limitations in timeliness and safety, such as the traditional smoke and temperature sensor may cause false alarms due to the closed structure of the liquid-cooled battery pack, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the alarm; the temperature detector can only identify the environmental temperature in the battery pack and cannot identify the temperature of the battery tab, and the fire extinguishing timeliness is low; in addition, the traditional process requires separate installation of smoke sensing, temperature sensing, combustible gas detection and corresponding wire harness connectors, which affects the size design of the battery pack and increases the integrated cost. These problems restrict some manufacturers from choosing to cancel single-pack detection and spraying in the battery pack due to cost and technical reasons, which greatly limits the widespread application of single-pack detection and spraying in the energy storage system. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to overcome the defects of small detection range, low reliability and timeliness of the battery pack fire alarm in the prior art, and to provide a battery management system and a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device thereof.

[0004] The present disclosure solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present disclosure provides a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device, which comprises:

[0006] a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a controller and a fire extinguishing unit; the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are welded on a circuit board inside the battery pack;

[0007] The temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are respectively electrically connected to the controller; the controller is electrically connected to the fire extinguishing unit;

[0008] The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the battery pack; the voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage inside the battery pack; the controller is used to receive the temperature signal of the temperature sensor and the voltage signal of the voltage sensor, and is also used to send a first fire extinguishing signal to the fire extinguishing unit.

[0009] Preferably, the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0010] a resistance sensor, the resistance sensor being welded on a circuit board inside the battery pack, the resistance sensor being electrically connected with the controller;

[0011] the temperature sensor is used to collect the internal resistance value of the battery pack; the controller is further used to receive the resistance signal of the resistance sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0013] an identification unit, the identification unit being arranged inside the battery pack, the identification unit being electrically connected with the controller;

[0014] the identification unit is used to send an identity recognition signal of the battery pack to the controller; the controller is further used to receive the identity recognition signal and send the identity recognition signal to the fire extinguishing unit.

[0015] Preferably, the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0016] an emergency stop unit, the emergency stop unit being electrically connected with the controller;

[0017] the emergency stop unit is used to send a false touch signal to the controller.

[0018] Preferably, the fire extinguishing unit comprises a fire extinguishing module and / or a cooling module.

[0019] Preferably, the fire extinguishing module comprises a perfluorocyclohexanone fire extinguishing module and / or a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing module.

[0020] Preferably, the cooling module comprises a wall-mounted air conditioner and / or an air conditioner water machine.

[0021] Preferably, the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are welded on a circuit board inside the battery pack by using a six-point plum blossom circle welding process;

[0022] and / or,

[0023] the resistance sensor is welded on the circuit board inside the battery pack by using a six-point plum blossom circle welding process.

[0024] Preferably, the identification unit comprises a two-dimensional code pattern printed on a circuit board inside the battery pack.

[0025] The present disclosure further provides a battery management system, which comprises: a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device as described above, a combustible gas detector and a fan device;

[0026] The combustible gas detector is arranged in the cabin body wrapping the battery pack; the combustible gas detector is electrically connected with the controller; the controller is electrically connected with the fan device;

[0027] The combustible gas detector is used for detecting the combustible gas in the cabin body; the controller is further used for receiving the combustible gas signal sent by the combustible gas detector and sending a second fire-fighting signal to the fan device.

[0028] On the basis of conforming to the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily, that is, the preferred examples of the present disclosure are obtained.

[0029] The positive progress effect of the present disclosure is that:

[0030] The present disclosure collects the temperature and voltage of each battery cell through the temperature sensor and voltage sensor arranged in each battery pack. The determination of the temperature rise rate or the highest temperature or the voltage state or the internal resistance state can represent the thermal runaway state of the battery cell, thereby improving the identification and fire-fighting response efficiency of the thermal runaway of the battery pack, further improving the safety of the battery management energy storage system, reducing the use of fire-fighting components and connection harnesses, reducing the cost and improving the space utilization, reliability and detection timeliness of the battery management system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device provided for example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device provided for example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device provided for example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device provided for example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a battery management system provided for example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 6 A communication connection topology diagram of a battery management system provided for example 2 of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present disclosure will be further described by way of examples without limiting the present disclosure to the described examples.

[0038] The prefix words such as "first", "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects, and have no limiting effect on the position, order, priority, quantity or content of the described objects. The use of prefix words such as ordinal numbers in the embodiments of the present disclosure does not constitute a limitation on the described objects, and the description of the described objects should be referred to the description in the context of claims or embodiments, and should not constitute an unnecessary limitation because of the use of such prefix words. In addition, in the description of the embodiments, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The conventional fire extinguishing device in the market battery pack is composed of fire detector, fire harness, fire connector, piercing valve, fire nozzle and other accessories. But the traditional fire extinguishing device usually does not react quickly enough to the thermal runaway accident of the battery pack, and cannot accurately predict and handle the signs of the initial stage of thermal runaway. Therefore, a fire extinguishing device that can monitor the battery state in real time and perform fire extinguishing operation when necessary is needed. This fire extinguishing device can be integrated in the battery management system (BMS), which can predict and identify the risk of thermal runaway by monitoring the key performance parameters of the battery (such as temperature, voltage, internal resistance, etc.) in real time, and automatically trigger the fire extinguishing unit when detecting the thermal runaway phenomenon.

[0041] The present embodiment provides a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device, referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device comprises:

[0042] temperature sensor 1, voltage sensor 2, controller 3 and fire extinguishing unit 4. The temperature sensor 1 and the voltage sensor 2 are welded on the circuit board inside the battery pack.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the temperature sensor 1 and the voltage sensor 2 are welded on the circuit board inside the battery pack by using a six-point star welding process.

[0044] The temperature sensor 1 and the voltage sensor 2 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 3. The controller 3 is electrically connected with the fire extinguishing unit 4.

[0045] The temperature sensor 1 is used to collect the temperature inside the battery pack. The voltage sensor 2 is used to detect the voltage inside the battery pack. The controller 3 is used to receive the temperature signal of the temperature sensor 1 and the voltage signal of the voltage sensor 2, and is also used to send a first fire extinguishing signal to the fire extinguishing unit 4. After receiving the first fire extinguishing signal, the fire extinguishing unit 4 performs corresponding fire extinguishing operation.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the fire extinguishing unit 4 comprises a fire extinguishing module, a cooling module, etc.

[0047] The fire extinguishing module comprises a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing module, a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing module, etc. The cooling module comprises a wall-mounted air conditioner, an air conditioner water machine, etc.

[0048] In this embodiment, the temperature and voltage of each battery cell are collected by the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor arranged inside each battery pack. The temperature rise rate can represent the thermal runaway state of the battery cell, thereby improving the identification and fire response efficiency of the thermal runaway of the battery pack, further improving the safety of the battery management and energy storage system, reducing the use of fire extinguishing components and connection harnesses, reducing costs, and improving the space utilization, reliability, and detection timeliness of the battery management system.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0050] The resistance sensor 5 is welded to the circuit board inside the battery pack, and the resistance sensor 5 is electrically connected to the controller 3.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the resistance sensor 5 is welded to the circuit board inside the battery pack by a six-point plum blossom ring welding process.

[0052] The temperature sensor 1 is used to collect the internal resistance value of the battery pack. The controller 3 is also used to receive the resistance signal of the resistance sensor 5. If the temperature signal, the voltage signal, and the resistance signal meet certain conditions, the controller 3 sends a first fire extinguishing signal to the fire extinguishing unit 4, and the fire extinguishing unit 4 receives the first fire extinguishing signal and performs the corresponding fire extinguishing operation.

[0053] In this embodiment, the resistance value of each battery cell is also collected by the resistance sensor arranged inside each battery pack, thereby further improving the identification and fire response efficiency and reliability of the thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0055] The identification unit 6 is arranged inside the battery pack. The identification unit 6 is electrically connected to the controller 3.

[0056] The identification unit 6 is used to send the identity identification signal of the battery pack to the controller 3. The controller 3 is also used to receive the identity identification signal and send the identity identification signal to the fire extinguishing unit 4.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the identification unit 6 comprises a two-dimensional code pattern printed on the circuit board inside the battery pack.

[0058] In the embodiment, according to the identification unit, the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device can locate the problem battery pack, so that the corresponding fire extinguishing measures are taken in time, thereby further improving the efficiency of fire response.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , the battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device further comprises:

[0060] An emergency stop unit 7. The emergency stop unit 7 is electrically connected with the controller 3.

[0061] The emergency stop unit 7 is used to send a false touch signal to the controller 3. After receiving the false touch signal, the controller 3 sends a stop fire signal to the fire extinguishing unit 4, and the fire extinguishing unit 4 stops executing the fire extinguishing measures after receiving the stop fire signal. The false touch signal is used to represent the case that the fire extinguishing signal is triggered by mistake without actually reaching the preset fire extinguishing condition in response to the temperature signal, the voltage signal and the resistance signal.

[0062] In the embodiment, the false triggering of the fire extinguishing unit may occur, and the emergency stop unit sends a stop fire signal to the controller to stop the fire extinguishing unit from executing the fire extinguishing measures, thereby further ensuring the reliability of the battery pack thermal runaway judgment.

[0063] Next, a specific example of a battery pack thermal runaway fire extinguishing device is introduced. Figure 2 A structural diagram in the battery pack is shown. It can be seen that the flexible printed circuit board (FPC-A, FPC-B) inside the battery pack is welded with voltage, resistance (internal resistance) and temperature sensors, which are respectively responsible for collecting voltage, resistance and temperature signals. The six-point plum ring is the welding point process between the voltage, resistance, temperature sensor and the battery pack assembly.

[0064] The output and series aluminum busbar is the connection mode of the sensor and the battery module. The busbar is a conductive component used to connect each battery cell in the battery module, which allows the electrical energy between the battery cells to be transmitted in series, thereby realizing high-voltage output of the entire battery pack. The busbar is usually made of materials with good electrical conductivity, such as aluminum alloy, to withstand large current load and have certain mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. In the battery management system (BMS), the busbar can also participate in the monitoring of voltage and temperature to ensure the safety of the battery operation.

[0065] The flexible circuit board also has a two-dimensional code pattern printed thereon, which corresponds to each battery pack and can be used to trace the problem battery pack.

[0066] Figure 3The figure shows the overall structure of the fire-fighting device. It can be seen that the fire-fighting device specifically includes a fire alarm control device 301, a battery cell temperature / voltage / internal resistance sampling device 302, a battery pack thermal runaway determination module 303, a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device 304, a flammable gas detector 305, a fan system 306, and a cooling unit 307.

[0067] It should be noted that the fire alarm control device 301 corresponds to the controller of the present embodiment, the battery cell temperature / voltage / internal resistance sampling device 302 corresponds to the temperature sensor, the voltage sensor, and the resistance sensor of the present embodiment, and the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing device 304 corresponds to the fire extinguishing unit of the present embodiment.

[0068] The processing logic of the battery pack thermal runaway determination module 303 is as shown in the following table: Figure 4

[0069] S401, the fire-fighting device starts running.

[0070] S402, when the fire-fighting unit (fire-fighting host) receives the first fire-fighting signal or the second fire-fighting signal (i.e., automatic pre-warning), it is determined whether the detectors in the cabin and the temperature sensors in the battery pack meet the first condition. If so, step S403 is executed.

[0071] In the present example, the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0072] The amount of flammable gas detected by any flammable gas detector in the cabin reaches a first preset threshold; any smoke or temperature detector in the cabin acts; the manual alarm button is pressed; the particulate detector in the cabin acts; the temperature and temperature rise rate given by the BMS reach a first-level pre-warning condition.

[0073] The first preset threshold and the first-level pre-warning condition are set according to actual conditions.

[0074] S403, trigger the first pre-warning.

[0075] S404, start the audible and visual alarm of the battery cabin; start the exhaust fan and the air inlet louvers; upload the first-level pre-warning signal to the BMS, which closes the air conditioner and disconnects the cabin-level circuit breaker; upload the first-level pre-warning signal to the station background host.

[0076] Then it is determined whether the detectors in the cabin and the temperature sensors in the battery pack meet the second condition. If so, step S405 is executed.

[0077] In the present example, the second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0078] ​When the amount of flammable gas detected by any combustible gas detector in the cabin reaches the second preset threshold value, and at the same time another smoke detector in the cabin acts; when the amount of flammable gas detected by any combustible gas detector in the cabin reaches the second preset threshold value, and at the same time another temperature detector in the cabin acts; when any smoke detector and any temperature detector in the cabin act at the same time; when any smoke detector, temperature detector acts or the amount of flammable gas is very high, and at the same time the manual alarm button is pressed; when the temperature and temperature rise rate given by the BMS reach the secondary warning condition.

[0079] Wherein, the second preset threshold value and the secondary warning condition are set according to actual conditions. The second preset threshold value is greater than the first preset threshold value.

[0080] S405, triggering a second warning.

[0081] S406, starting the sound and light alarm of the battery cabin; closing the exhaust fan and the air inlet louver; uploading the secondary warning signal to the BMS, and the BMS disconnects the cabin-level circuit breaker to cut off the main power supply; uploading the secondary warning signal to the station background host.

[0082] After a delay of 30 seconds, step S407 is executed.

[0083] S407, judging whether there is an emergency stop signal, if there is no emergency stop signal, steps S408 and S412 are executed, and if there is an emergency stop signal, step S424 is executed.

[0084] S408, for cabin-level detector warning, opening the cabin-level electric ball valve.

[0085] S409, releasing the fire extinguishing agent.

[0086] S410, starting the air release and entry indicator light.

[0087] S411, executing the cabin-level spray and release fire extinguishing agent strategy: first spraying and releasing 37 kg to protect the entire battery cabin, spraying and releasing 15 kg after 15 minutes to maintain the fire extinguishing concentration, and spraying and releasing the complete fire extinguishing agent after 30 minutes.

[0088] S412, for pack-level detector warning (pack-level detector warning), opening the pack-level piercing valve.

[0089] S413, releasing the fire extinguishing agent, and returning to step S410.

[0090] S414, executing the pack-level spray and release fire extinguishing agent strategy: first spraying and releasing 22 kg, spraying and releasing 22 kg after 15 minutes, and spraying and releasing the complete fire extinguishing agent after 30 minutes.

[0091] S415, extinguishing fire.

[0092] S416, determining whether the fire is rekindled, if the fire is rekindled, executing step S417; if the fire is not rekindled, executing step S421.

[0093] S417, accessing the external fire hose.

[0094] S418, fire water entering.

[0095] S419, fire water spraying.

[0096] S420, fire extinguishing.

[0097] S421, ending

[0098] S422, personnel discovering the fire, manual warning.

[0099] S423, emergency starting, and executing step S405.

[0100] S424, emergency stopping, and executing step S407.

[0101] It should be noted that if the battery is in thermal runaway, the temperature, voltage and resistance data will continue to rise, so generally, the first level warning occurs before the second level warning. However, the processing priority of the second level warning is higher than that of the first level warning, that is, if the second level warning is directly reached, the fire-fighting measures of the second level warning are executed.

[0102] Embodiment 2

[0103] The embodiment provides a battery management system, referring to Figure 5 , the battery management system comprises: the battery pack thermal runaway fire-fighting device 501, the combustible gas detector 502 and the fan device 503 of embodiment 1.

[0104] The combustible gas detector 502 is arranged in the cabin body wrapping the battery pack. The combustible gas detector 502 is electrically connected with the controller. The controller is electrically connected with the fan device 503.

[0105] The combustible gas detector 502 is used for detecting the combustible gas in the cabin body. The controller is further used for receiving the combustible gas signal sent by the combustible gas detector 502 and sending a second fire-fighting signal to the fan device 503.

[0106] The following is as Figure 6A communication connection topology diagram of a specific example of a battery management system is shown. The example communicates via a network cable using EMS Modbus TCP, a communication protocol based on Ethernet TCP / IP protocol. The battery management system of the example includes a supervisory control unit (SCU), a power conversion system (PCS), a battery management system emergency stop module (BMS emergency stop), a fire host, an AC meter, an air conditioning water machine, a wall-mounted air conditioner, and a battery control unit (BCU) and a battery management unit (BMU) corresponding to each battery pack via a bus protocol (CAN). BCU #1-9 are used to represent that the battery management system of the example includes 9 battery packs, each of which has a corresponding battery control unit and battery management unit.

[0107] Although the specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an illustration, and the protection scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device, characterized in that, The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device includes: Temperature sensor, voltage sensor, controller, and fire suppression unit; the temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are soldered onto a circuit board inside the battery pack; The temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are electrically connected to the controller; the controller is electrically connected to the fire protection unit. The temperature sensor is used to collect the temperature inside the battery pack; the voltage sensor is used to detect the voltage inside the battery pack; the controller is used to receive the temperature signal from the temperature sensor and the voltage signal from the voltage sensor, and is also used to send a first fire alarm signal to the fire unit.

2. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device also includes: A resistance sensor; the resistance sensor is soldered onto a circuit board inside the battery pack, and the resistance sensor is electrically connected to the controller; The temperature sensor is used to collect the internal resistance value of the battery pack; the controller is also used to receive the resistance signal from the resistance sensor.

3. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device also includes: Identification unit; the identification unit is located inside the battery pack; the identification unit is electrically connected to the controller; The identification unit is used to send the battery pack identification signal to the controller; the controller is also used to receive the identification signal and send the identification signal to the fire protection unit.

4. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device also includes: Emergency stop unit; the emergency stop unit is electrically connected to the controller; The emergency stop unit is used to send a false trigger signal to the controller.

5. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fire protection unit includes a fire extinguishing module and / or a cooling module.

6. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing module includes a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing module and / or a thermal aerosol fire extinguishing module.

7. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling module includes a wall-mounted air conditioner and / or an air conditioning water heater.

8. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature sensor and the voltage sensor are soldered to the circuit board inside the battery pack using a six-point quincunx welding process. And / or, The resistance sensor is soldered onto the circuit board inside the battery pack using a six-point quincunx soldering process.

9. The battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The identification unit includes a QR code pattern printed on a circuit board inside the battery pack.

10. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system includes: a battery pack thermal runaway fire suppression device, a combustible gas detector, and a fan device as described in any one of claims 1-9; The combustible gas detector is housed within the compartment enclosing the battery pack; the combustible gas detector is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is electrically connected to the fan unit. The combustible gas detector is used to detect combustible gas inside the cabin; the controller is also used to receive the combustible gas signal sent by the combustible gas detector and send a second fire signal to the fan device.

Images