Synchronizer gear sleeve induction pressure quenching mandrel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a synchronizer gear sleeve induction pressure quenching mandrel which comprises a mandrel base body, and a guide tooth groove, a plurality of mandrel plug-in grooves and a plurality of high tooth grooves are axially formed in the side face of the outer circumference of the mandrel base body. First spraying holes are formed in the mandrel base body, and the first spraying holes are axially distributed in multiple rows and are evenly arranged in the radial direction according to the circumference; a plurality of core shaft plug-in units are mounted on the core shaft base body, and the core shaft plug-in units are fixed in the core shaft plug-in unit grooves through bolts; the guide teeth are located on one side of the central spindle base body in the circumferential direction and fixed in the guide tooth grooves through bolts. And a synchronizer gear sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outer sides of the guide teeth and the core shaft plug-in and the core shaft base body. By optimizing the structural design, accurate positioning and efficient quenching treatment of the internal spline of the part are realized, the machining precision is ensured, and the quality of the part is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a synchronizer gear sleeve induction pressure quenching mandrel, belonging to the technical field of automotive parts processing tools. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing maturity of automotive parts manufacturing technology and the demand for higher precision in the processed parts, induction press quenching, also known as die-press quenching, has been developed. Its principle utilizes electromagnetic induction, causing the part to move in an alternating magnetic field, cutting a magnetic induction coil. This generates an induced current in the part, induction heating the carburized circular or disc-shaped workpiece. After heating, a quenching mandrel passes through the part, and upper and lower dies press the end face of the part. A quenching liquid of a specific concentration and temperature is sprayed from the mandrel's spray holes to rapidly cool the part. Finally, an induction coil is used to temper the part, resulting in a martensitic structure. Currently, induction press quenching is widely used in automotive parts production, integrating induction heating, quenching, and tempering processes, representing a novel quenching method. Compared to traditional rotary hearth furnaces and press-type combined quenching methods, induction press quenching offers several advantages: shorter heating time, no heat transfer, no heat loss, energy savings, high production efficiency, controllable quenching deformation, and high part precision.

[0003] However, the molds used for induction quenching are specialized, and different molds need to be designed for different part structures. Furthermore, the heating energy is difficult to control and overheating is prone to occur. If the cooling rate is too fast, the parts are prone to cracking and uneven deformation. Therefore, in terms of thermal deformation, special quenching tooling with special structures needs to be designed for special part structures, especially the quenching mandrel. The structure of the quenching mandrel plays a crucial role in the deformation of the parts during the quenching process. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing induction quenching process has difficulty controlling the precision of internal splines when processing parts such as synchronizer gear sleeves due to the specialization of molds and process characteristics, which affects the fit between the parts and other components and the overall performance.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel, characterized in that it includes a mandrel base, a guide tooth groove axially provided on the outer circumferential side of the mandrel base, multiple mandrel insert slots and multiple high tooth grooves; the mandrel base is provided with a spray hole, which is axially distributed in multiple rows and radially evenly arranged circumferentially; multiple mandrel inserts are installed on the mandrel base, and the mandrel inserts are fixed in the mandrel insert slots by bolts; the guide tooth is located on one side of the circumferential direction of the mandrel base and is fixed in the guide tooth groove by bolts; a synchronizer gear sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the guide tooth and the mandrel inserts with the mandrel base.

[0006] Furthermore, the synchronizer sleeve has short teeth, grooves and high teeth along the axial direction on the inner circumference of the sleeve, and the short teeth, grooves and high teeth are arranged in a set position.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide tooth groove has one threaded hole two at its upper axial end and two threaded holes two at its lower axial end; the mandrel insertion groove has one threaded hole three at each of its upper and lower axial directions.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide tooth has a trapezoidal cross-section and a chamfer at the front end, which aligns with the tooth groove of the synchronizer sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide tooth is provided with a second spray hole and three conical countersunk holes. The second spray hole is arranged in four rows axially, and its position is the same as that of the first spray hole on the mandrel base. The first conical countersunk hole is in the same position as the second threaded hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the high tooth groove has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the angle between the trapezoidal side and the base being 30 degrees, which mates with the high tooth portion inside the synchronizer sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the mandrel insert has a groove in the middle, and the two sides of the groove have raised structures that cooperate with the short teeth of the synchronizer sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the mandrel insert is provided with three spray holes and two conical countersunk holes. The three spray holes are arranged in four rows axially and two columns circumferentially, and are in the same position as the spray holes on the mandrel base. The two conical countersunk holes are in the same position as the threaded holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the top end of the mandrel base is provided with a pin hole and a plurality of threaded holes, the threaded holes being evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and forming a fixed angle with the pin hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the guide tooth, the high tooth groove, and the mandrel insert all form a set angle with the pin hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows: This utility model proposes a synchronizer induction quenching mandrel. The unique layout of the spray holes ensures that the quenching liquid evenly covers the inner spline of the synchronizer gear sleeve. The guide teeth accurately correct the circumferential position deviation of the synchronizer gear sleeve. The mandrel insert precisely controls the deformation of the short teeth. The high tooth groove adapts to the high tooth structure of the special inner spline. The precise installation and coordinated work between the components simplify the structure of the quenching mandrel, reduce the difficulty of tooling processing, optimize the quality of parts, reduce the scrap of parts, and improve the pass rate of parts, while ensuring that the internal spline accuracy of the processed parts is qualified. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1The front view of a synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction-quenched mandrel base of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 A top view of a synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide tooth structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel insert structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronizer gear sleeve structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Mandrel base; 2. Synchronizer gear sleeve; 3. Spray hole one; 4. Guide tooth; 5. High tooth groove; 6. Mandrel insert; 7. Threaded hole one; 8. Pin hole; 9. Guide tooth groove; 10. Threaded hole two; 11. Mandrel insert groove; 12. Threaded hole three; 13. Tapered countersunk hole one; 14. Spray hole two; 15. Chamfer; 16. Tapered countersunk hole two; 17. Spray hole three; 18. Groove; 19. Protrusion; 20. Short tooth; 21. Tooth groove; 22. High tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] like Figure 1As shown in Figure 3, this utility model relates to a synchronizer gear sleeve induction quenching mandrel, including a mandrel base 1, guide teeth 4, mandrel insert 6, and synchronizer gear sleeve 2. The mandrel base 1 has a high tooth groove 5, a guide tooth groove 9, a mandrel insert groove 11, and a spray hole 3 along the circumferential direction in the middle. Spray hole 3 is a 1.2mm diameter through hole, axially distributed in four rows with an axial spacing of 6mm, and 42 columns evenly distributed circumferentially, totaling 168 holes. It is used to spray water-based quenching liquid of a certain concentration and temperature to ensure rapid and uniform cooling of the parts. There are three high tooth grooves 5 evenly distributed at 120° circumference. The cross-section of the high tooth groove 5 is trapezoidal, and the angle between the side and the bottom of the trapezoid is 30 degrees. It cooperates with the high tooth 22 part in the synchronizer tooth sleeve 2 to ensure the stable support and precise positioning of the high tooth 22. The guide tooth groove 9 is located on one side of the mandrel base 1 and is integrally formed with the mandrel base 1. It is used to install the guide tooth 4. There are three mandrel insertion grooves 11 evenly distributed at 120° circumference, corresponding to the positions of the short tooth 20 and tooth groove 21, to ensure the stability of the parts during processing.

[0026] The guide tooth 4 is fixed in the guide tooth groove 9 by bolts. The guide tooth 4 has a trapezoidal cross-section and a chamfer 15 at the front end for insertion into the inner spline groove 21 of the synchronizer sleeve 2. The guide tooth 4 plays a corrective role during use, effectively correcting circumferential angular deviations caused by the rotation of the parts, ensuring precise fit between the parts and the mandrel. The mandrel insert 6 has an overall width of 12mm and is fixed in the mandrel insert groove 11 by bolts. The mandrel insert 6 has protrusions 19 on both sides and a groove 18 in the middle. The groove 18 is 7.2mm wide and matches the short tooth 20 part inside the synchronizer sleeve 2. The design of the mandrel insert 6 allows the short tooth 20 part to fit tightly with it during processing, providing reliable support and preventing deformation of the parts during heat treatment. The top of the mandrel base 1 has a pin hole 8 and four threaded holes 7. The pin hole 8 is used for positioning the mandrel and ensuring precise docking between the mandrel and other components. The threaded holes 7 are evenly distributed at 90° along the circumferential direction and form a 22.5° angle with the pin hole 8. This design ensures the stability of the connection between the spindle and other components, avoiding angular deviations caused by assembly errors.

[0027] In practical use, the synchronizer sleeve 2 to be processed is induction heated to 900℃ and then transferred to the pressure quenching station, where the induction pressure quenching mandrel moves from top to bottom. The guide tooth 4 is inserted into the tooth groove 21 of the synchronizer sleeve 2 to correct angular deviations; the high tooth 22 of the synchronizer sleeve 2 enters the high tooth groove 5, and the low tooth 20 precisely engages with the groove 18 and protrusion 19 of the mandrel insert 6; the spray nozzle 3 sprays quenching liquid to rapidly cool the part. After spraying, the mandrel insert 6 and guide tooth 4 are removed, allowing the part to be demolded and subsequently tempered.

[0028] Example 2:

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the guide tooth groove 9 has three threaded holes 10, each of which is an M3 threaded hole. One threaded hole 10 is located at the upper axial end, and two threaded holes 10 are located at the lower axial end, with an axial spacing of 55.5 mm. The threaded holes 10 are distributed at an angle of 111°26′ to the pin hole 8, which helps to accurately install components and improve assembly accuracy. The high tooth groove 5 is distributed at an angle of 34°17′ to the pin hole 8. The mandrel insertion groove 11 is distributed at a 90° angle to the pin hole 8, and has one threaded hole 12 located at the upper and lower axial ends, each of which is an M4 threaded hole, with an axial spacing of 38 mm.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, in the axial direction, the guide tooth 4 is provided with four rows of spray holes 14, which are completely aligned with the spray holes 3 on the mandrel base 1, enhancing the spraying effect of the coolant and ensuring uniform cooling of the synchronizer sleeve 2 during induction quenching. Furthermore, the guide tooth 4 has a tapered countersunk hole 13 at its upper end and two tapered countersunk holes 13 at its lower axial end, with a spacing of 55.5 mm between the upper and lower holes. The tapered countersunk holes 13 are completely aligned with the threaded holes 10 on the mandrel base 1, providing a secure connection to the guide tooth 4 and ensuring that its position does not shift during operation.

[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the mandrel insert 6 has four rows of spray holes 17 arranged axially, with two rows in the circumferential direction. The spray holes 17 are completely aligned with the spray holes 3 on the mandrel base 1. The mandrel insert 6 has a conical countersunk hole 16 at each end, with an axial spacing of 38mm. These conical countersunk holes 16 are completely aligned with the threaded holes 12 on the mandrel base 1, further enhancing the connection stability between the mandrel insert 6 and the mandrel base 1. The synchronizer sleeve 2 has short teeth 20, grooves 21, and high teeth 22 along its axial direction on its inner circumference. The short teeth 20, grooves 21, and high teeth 22 are arranged in predetermined positions; the high teeth 22 correspond to the high grooves 5 of the mandrel base 1, the short teeth 20 cooperate with the grooves 18 and protrusions 19 of the mandrel insert 6, and the grooves 21 are aligned with the guide teeth 4. During processing, a tight fit is formed between the components, ensuring accurate positioning and uniform force distribution of the synchronizer sleeve 2.

[0032] In summary, the precise design and coordinated operation of the mandrel base 1, guide teeth 4, and mandrel insert 6 ensure the stability and high precision of the synchronizer sleeve induction quenching mandrel during operation. The guide teeth 4, through their chamfer 15 and tooth profile design, effectively correct angular deviations generated during the rotation of the synchronizer sleeve 2, while the groove 18 and protrusion 19 structure of the mandrel insert 6 provide reliable support for the synchronizer sleeve 2, preventing deformation. The spray hole 3 further enhances the cooling effect, ensuring uniform cooling of the synchronizer sleeve 2 during quenching and preventing deformation caused by overheating or insufficient localized cooling.

[0033] Due to the unique structure of the internal spline in the part, to ensure controllable deformation of the internal spline after heat treatment, the structure of the induction quenching mandrel must also have certain special characteristics. It is essential to ensure that the relative circumferential angle between the part and the mandrel remains fixed during induction quenching. Even if the part rotates and causes a certain angular deviation, it can be corrected by the guide tooth 4 on the induction mandrel. For the short tooth 20 section, the root circle deformation is inconsistent with that of the normal tooth section. Adjusting the outer diameter of the insert ensures that the roundness of the entire part's tooth root meets the requirements. For the high tooth 22 section, since there are no special requirements for the finished circumferential dimensions, this can be ensured through machining before heat treatment.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel, characterized in that, Includes a mandrel base (1), wherein the outer circumferential side of the mandrel base (1) is axially provided with a guide tooth groove (9), a plurality of mandrel insertion grooves (11) and a plurality of high tooth grooves (5); The spindle base (1) is provided with spray holes (3), which are distributed in multiple rows axially and arranged evenly in a circular pattern radially. Multiple mandrel inserts (6) are installed on the mandrel base (1), and the mandrel inserts (6) are fixed in the mandrel insert slots (11) by bolts; The guide tooth (4) is located on one side of the circumferential direction of the mandrel base (1) and is fixed in the guide tooth groove (9) by bolts; The guide tooth (4) and the mandrel insert (6) are coaxially fitted with a synchronizer tooth sleeve (2) on the outside of the mandrel base (1).

2. The synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronizer sleeve (2) has a short tooth (20), a tooth groove (21) and a high tooth (22) on the inner circumference along the axial direction. The short tooth (20), tooth groove (21) and high tooth (22) are arranged in a set position.

3. The synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide tooth groove (9) has a threaded hole 2 (10) at its upper axial end and two threaded holes 2 (10) at its lower axial end; the mandrel insert groove (11) has a threaded hole 3 (12) at its upper and lower axial ends.

4. The synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide tooth (4) has a trapezoidal cross-section and a chamfer (15) at the front end, which is aligned with the tooth groove (21) of the synchronizer sleeve (2).

5. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide tooth (4) is provided with a second spray hole (14) and three conical countersunk holes (13). The second spray hole (14) is arranged in four rows axially, and is in the same position as the first spray hole (3) on the mandrel base (1). The first conical countersunk hole (13) is in the same position as the second threaded hole (10).

6. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high tooth groove (5) has a trapezoidal cross-section with an angle of 30 degrees between the side and the bottom of the trapezoid, which cooperates with the high tooth (22) part inside the synchronizer sleeve (2).

7. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mandrel insert (6) has a groove (18) in the middle, and the groove (18) has a protrusion (19) structure on both sides, which cooperates with the short tooth (20) part of the synchronizer sleeve (2).

8. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mandrel insert (6) is provided with spray hole three (17) and two conical countersunk holes two (16). The spray hole three (17) is arranged in 4 rows axially and 2 columns circumferentially, and is in the same position as the spray hole one (3) on the mandrel base (1). The conical countersunk holes two (16) are in the same position as the threaded hole three (12).

9. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the mandrel base (1) is provided with a pin hole (8) and a plurality of threaded holes (7). The threaded holes (7) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and form a fixed angle with the pin hole (8).

10. A synchronizer gear sleeve induction-quenched mandrel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The guide tooth (4), the high tooth groove (5), and the mandrel insert (6) are all at a set angle to the pin hole (8).

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