Color sorting air control system and self-propelled tomato harvester

Abstract

The utility model provides a color sorting air control system and a self-propelled tomato harvester, the control system comprises an air compressor, a large-air-flow pressure regulating unloading valve, an air tank and the like which are connected in sequence, and the air compressor is in drive connection with an engine through a clutch controller; the color sorter comprises a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder which are sequentially connected with a gas tank pipeline, and the large-air-flow pressure-regulating unloading valve is used for enabling the air compressor to alternately operate between an on-load operation state and an unloading operation state according to the output pressure of the air compressor. After the air tank reaches a certain pressure value, the unloading valve unloads, and after the pressure is lower than a certain value, the unloading valve is started to work, so that the air compressor circulates in the work of unloading, loading and unloading, the air compressor alternately operates between the loading operation state and the unloading operation state, the unloading working time of the air compressor accounts for 50%-70%, and the air compressor can be used for unloading. The air compressor is in a reasonable working state, so that the service life of the air compressor is prolonged, the service time of each internal element is prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of color sorting control technology, and in particular, to a color sorting air control system and a self-propelled tomato harvester. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural machinery, with the centralization of land management, mechanized tomato harvesting has gradually replaced traditional manual harvesting. Maturity screening during tomato harvesting significantly affects harvesting efficiency, and traditional manual screening can no longer meet the needs of large-scale tomato growers. Although traditional manual tomato screening produces high-quality tomatoes, it is costly, inefficient, requires a large labor force, and has a long harvesting and screening cycle.

[0003] The existing automatic tomato color sorting device includes an air compressor and a toothed cylinder. The outlet of the air compressor is connected to the inlet of the rodless chamber of the toothed cylinder. A first air storage tank is also provided between the air compressor and the toothed cylinder. A pressure control valve is installed between the first air storage tank and the air to control the pressure of the first air storage tank. The pneumatic control system of the sorting device includes the first air storage tank, where air is stored and energy is stored. During the inflation process of the toothed cylinder, the pressure fluctuation of the first air storage tank is small, thereby improving the operational stability of the toothed cylinder.

[0004] The aforementioned automatic tomato color sorting device currently has the following shortcomings:

[0005] Regardless of the operating conditions, the air compressor always operates under a fixed operating state, which sometimes leads to unreasonable working conditions, shortens the service life of the air compressor, reduces the service life of internal components, and increases energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a color sorting air control system, which solves the technical problem that the air compressor of the existing automatic tomato color sorting device sometimes operates in an unreasonable state, shortening the service life of the air compressor, reducing the usage time of internal components, and increasing energy consumption.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0008] A color-sorting air control system includes an air compressor, a large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve, an air tank, and a color sorter connected in sequence. The air compressor is connected to an engine drive via a clutch controller. The color sorter includes a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder connected in sequence to the air tank pipeline. The large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve is used to make the air compressor alternate between a loaded operation state and an unloaded operation state according to the output pressure of the air compressor.

[0009] Furthermore, a clutch drive device for controlling the operation of the clutch controller is also provided between the air compressor and the clutch controller.

[0010] Furthermore, the clutch drive device includes a pressure reducing valve and a pressure switch. When the pressure inside the air tank is greater than a set value, the pressure reducing valve causes the pressure switch to open, and the pressure switch controls the clutch controller to disconnect the connection between the air compressor and the engine, causing the air compressor to stop working.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas tank is equipped with a safety valve and a pressure gauge at the top and a drain valve at the bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve includes two plugs (left and right), a one-way shut-off rubber gasket, a main valve body, a main spring, a one-way shut-off spring, a main valve core, a connecting rod, a diaphragm fixing cap, a spring diaphragm, a pressure regulating screw, a locking nut, a pilot spring, a copper washer, an external control port plug, and a pilot valve body. The main valve body has an air inlet, a first air outlet, and a second air outlet. The pilot valve body has several evenly distributed annular exhaust ports. The pilot valve body is vertically mounted on the main valve body. The main valve body and the pilot valve body, the two plugs and the main valve body, and the pressure regulating screw and the diaphragm fixing cap and the pilot valve body are all threaded connections. The pressure regulating screw is locked to the pilot valve body by a locking nut. The two plugs are fixed to the one-way shut-off rubber gasket on the main valve body by the one-way shut-off spring, achieving one-way air passage. The left and right plugs are sealed with copper gaskets between themselves and the main valve body, and between the main valve body and the pilot valve body, to prevent air leakage. The pressure regulating screw contacts the spring diaphragm through the pilot spring, and the spring diaphragm is fixed to the pilot valve body by the diaphragm fixing cap. The lower part of the spring diaphragm is connected to the main valve core through a connecting rod to control the opening and closing of the main valve core. The spring diaphragm and the pilot valve body, and the main valve core and the pilot valve body are sealed with a planar seal. The main valve body and the pilot valve body are provided with pilot control air channels on both sides, and the channels are connected to a one-way shut-off air outlet. The pilot valve body is provided with an external control port, which is blocked with an external control port plug. A semi-circular groove is provided on the main valve core to increase the exhaust volume of the pressure regulating and unloading valve to achieve large air volume control. Under the action of the main spring, the pilot spring and the pilot air pressure, the spring diaphragm makes the air compressor alternate between the load operation state and the unload operation state.

[0013] Furthermore, the high-frequency single-acting cylinder has a fast exhaust port in the middle of the cylinder barrel, and a buffer damping hole is provided on the cylinder barrel of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder adjacent to the front end cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve is a two-position three-way solenoid valve. The A port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder, the P port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve is connected to the air tank, and the T port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve is connected to the atmosphere.

[0015] Furthermore, it includes at least two sets of color sorters arranged in parallel, each set of color sorters being connected to the gas tank via a multi-port block, and each set of color sorters including a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder that are sequentially connected to the gas tank pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, each set of color sorters is also equipped with a pneumatic triplet between it and the multi-pass block.

[0017] This application also provides a self-propelled tomato harvester, including the aforementioned color sorting air control system.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0019] This application provides a color-sorting air control system. This system uses a large-volume pressure regulating unloading valve. When the air tank reaches a certain pressure value, the unloading valve unloads the air. When the pressure drops below a certain value, the unloading valve opens, causing the air compressor to cycle through unloading-loading-unloading operations. That is, the air compressor alternates between loaded and unloaded operation states, ensuring that the unloading operation time accounts for 50%-70% of the total time. This keeps the air compressor in a reasonable working state, thereby improving the service life of the air compressor, extending the service life of internal components, and reducing energy consumption.

[0020] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application has other purposes, features, and advantages. The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the composition principle of the color sorting air control system according to a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a large-volume pressure regulating and unloading valve.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve (with load position).

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve (unloading position).

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the diaphragm state of a large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve under load.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading position diaphragm of the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency single-acting cylinder.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic for the air filling section of a color sorting air compressor.

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the control logic for color sorting and rejection.

[0031] The diagram shows: 1. Engine; 2. Clutch controller; 3. Air compressor; 4. Large air volume pressure regulating and unloading valve; 41. Plug; 42. One-way stop rubber gasket; 43. Main valve body; 44. Main spring; 45. One-way stop spring; 46. Main valve core; 47. Connecting rod; 48. Diaphragm fixing cap; 49. Spring diaphragm; 410. Pressure regulating screw; 411. Locking nut; 412. Pilot spring; 413. Copper washer; 414. External control port plug; 415. Pilot valve body; 5. Air tank; 51. Safety valve; 52. 53. Pressure gauge; 6. Drain valve; 7. Pressure reducing valve; 8. Pressure switch; 9. Multi-port valve; 10. Pneumatic triplet; 11. Air gun; 12. Color sorter; 13. High-frequency pneumatic directional solenoid valve; 14. High-frequency single-acting cylinder; 15. Rear end cover; 36. Cylinder barrel; 37. Quick exhaust port; 38. Buffer damping orifice; 39. Piston; 30. Return spring; 31. Piston rod; 32. Front end cover; 33. Mounting adjustment seat; 34. Positioning screw; 35. Support ring; 36. Sealing ring; 37. Dustproof ring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of this application provides a color-sorting air control system, including an air compressor 3, a large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve 4, an air tank 5, and a color sorter 11 connected in sequence. The air compressor 3 is connected to an engine drive via a clutch controller 2. The color sorter 11 includes a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 connected in sequence to the air tank 5. The large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 is used to make the air compressor 3 alternate between a loaded operation state and an unloaded operation state according to the output pressure of the air compressor 3.

[0034] This embodiment provides a color-sorting air control system. This system uses a large-volume pressure regulating unloading valve. When the air tank reaches a certain pressure value, the unloading valve unloads the air. When the pressure drops below a certain value, the unloading valve opens, causing the air compressor to cycle through unloading-loading-unloading operations. That is, the air compressor alternates between loaded and unloaded operation states, ensuring that the unloading operation time accounts for 50%-70% of the total time. This keeps the air compressor in a reasonable working state, thereby improving its service life, extending the service life of internal components, and reducing energy consumption.

[0035] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, a clutch drive device for controlling the operation of the clutch controller 2 is further provided between the air compressor 3 and the clutch controller 2.

[0036] This embodiment uses a clutch drive device. After the air tank pressure reaches a certain pressure value, the clutch controller 2 is controlled to disconnect the air compressor and stop working. This, together with the large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve 4, forms a dual pressure protection effect to ensure safety and reliability.

[0037] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the clutch drive device includes a pressure reducing valve 6 and a pressure switch 7. When the pressure in the air tank 5 is greater than a set value, the pressure reducing valve 6 reduces the pressure and the pressure switch 7 is disconnected. The pressure switch 7 controls the clutch controller 2 to disconnect the connection between the air compressor 3 and the engine 1, so that the air compressor 3 stops working.

[0038] This embodiment uses a pressure switch 7 and a pressure reducing valve 6 as the clutch drive device, which has a simple structure and reliable control. After the pressure in the air tank reaches a certain pressure value, the clutch controller 2 is activated to disconnect the air compressor and stop it from working. This, together with the large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve 4, forms a dual pressure protection effect to ensure safety and reliability.

[0039] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the top of the gas tank 5 is provided with a safety valve 51 and a pressure gauge 52, and the bottom is provided with a drain valve 53, which facilitates monitoring the internal pressure of the gas tank 5, pressure safety control, and drainage.

[0040] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 4As shown, in another embodiment of this application, the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 includes two plugs 41 (left and right), a one-way shut-off rubber gasket 42, a main valve body 43, a main spring 44, a one-way shut-off spring 45, a main valve core 46, a connecting rod 47, a diaphragm fixing cap 48, a spring diaphragm 49, a pressure regulating screw 410, a locking nut 411, a pilot spring 412, a copper washer 413, an external control port plug 414, and a pilot valve body 415. The main valve body 43 is provided with an air inlet 416, a first air outlet 418, and a second air outlet. The pilot valve body 415 has several evenly distributed annular exhaust ports 417. The pilot valve body 415 is vertically mounted on the main valve body 43. The main valve body 43 and the pilot valve body 415, the two left and right plugs 41 and the main valve body 43, and the pressure adjusting screw 410 and the diaphragm fixing cap 48 and the pilot valve body 415 are all threaded connections. The pressure adjusting screw 410 and the pilot valve body 415 are locked together by a locking nut 411. The two left and right plugs 41 fix the one-way stop rubber pad 42 to the main valve body 43 by a one-way stop spring 45. On the main valve body 43, to achieve unidirectional air passage; the left and right plugs 41 are sealed with copper washers 413 between themselves and the main valve body 43, and between the main valve body 43 and the pilot valve body 415 to prevent air leakage; the pressure regulating screw 410 contacts the spring diaphragm 49 through the pilot spring 412, and the spring diaphragm 49 is fixed to the pilot valve body 415 by the diaphragm fixing cap 48; the lower part of the spring diaphragm 49 is connected to the main valve core 46 through the connecting rod 47 to control the opening and closing of the main valve core 46, and the spring diaphragm 49 is connected to the pilot valve body 415, the main valve core 46 and the pilot valve body 415, the main valve core 46 and the pilot valve body 415, the main valve body 415 ... The pilot valve body 415 uses a planar seal; both sides of the main valve body 43 and the pilot valve body 415 are provided with pilot control air channels, and the channels are connected to a one-way shut-off air outlet. The pilot valve body 415 is provided with an external control port, which is blocked by an external control port plug 414; the main valve core 46 is provided with 6 semi-circular grooves to increase the exhaust volume of the pressure regulating and unloading valve and realize large air volume control; the spring diaphragm 49, under the action of the main spring 44, the pilot spring 412 and the pilot air pressure, makes the air compressor 3 alternate between the load operation state and the unload operation state.

[0041] The atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 in this embodiment includes two plugs 41 (left and right), a one-way shut-off rubber gasket 42, a main valve body 43, a main spring 44, a one-way shut-off spring 45, a main valve core 46, a connecting rod 47, a diaphragm fixing cap 48, a spring diaphragm 49, a pressure regulating screw 410, a locking nut 411, a pilot spring 412, a copper washer 413, an external control port plug 414, and a pilot valve body 415. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, assuming the initial position is under load, air enters through the inlet of the large-volume pressure regulating and unloading valve. The air pressure opens the one-way shut-off rubber pads 2 at both ends, supplying air to the gas tank from the outlet. The air pressure also acts on the upper end of the spring diaphragm 9 through the pilot control air hole. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, when the air tank pressure reaches P2, the air pressure pushes the spring diaphragm 9 to bend downwards, which in turn pushes the main valve core 6 downwards via the connecting rod 7. The main valve core 6 opens, and the air inlet connects with the annular unloading port, allowing air to be discharged into the atmosphere. The air tank pressure is maintained by the one-way shut-off rubber pad 2, and the unloading valve is in the unloading position, allowing the air compressor to unload. The color sorting spring mechanism operates in a cycle, and the air tank pressure begins to decrease. When the air tank pressure decreases to P1, the main spring 4 pushes the spring diaphragm 9 upwards via the main valve core 6 and the connecting rod 7. When valve core 6 is closed, the air inlet is disconnected from the annular unloading port, and the inlet air pressure forces the one-way shut-off rubber pad 2 to open, starting to fill the air tank. At this time, the unloading valve is in the loaded position, and the air compressor works under load. When the color sorter works continuously, the large volume pressure regulating unloading valve 4 works in a cycle between the unloading position and the loaded position, so that the air compressor 3 alternates between the loaded operation state and the unloading operation state. When the percentage of the unloading operation time of the air compressor is 50%-70% of the total time, the air compressor is in a reasonable working state, which can extend the service life of the internal components.

[0042] Preferably, such as Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment of this application, the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 has a fast exhaust port 321 in the middle of the cylinder barrel, and a buffer damping hole 322 is provided on the cylinder barrel of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 at a position close to the front end cover 36.

[0043] In this embodiment, the internal structure of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, it includes a rear end cover 31, a cylinder 32, a piston 33, a return spring 34, a piston rod 35, a front end cover 36, a mounting adjustment seat 37, a positioning screw 38, a support ring 39, a sealing ring 310, and a dustproof ring 311. The cylinder 32 is provided with a quick exhaust hole 321 and a buffer damping hole 322.

[0044] When no unripe fruit or impurities pass through, the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 is in the retracted state. When the color sorter detects unripe fruit or impurities passing through via the photosensitive element, the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve is energized, controlling the high-frequency single-acting cylinder to extend rapidly. The rapid exhaust port 321 provides rapid exhaust, increasing the cylinder extension speed. After the cylinder piston seals through the rapid exhaust port 321, the buffer damping port 322 provides a buffering effect, reducing inertial impact and increasing the life of the return spring. After the unripe fruit and impurities are removed, the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve is de-energized, and the high-frequency single-acting cylinder... The cylinder returns to its original position via the return spring 34. Air is discharged into the atmosphere through the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve. Before the cylinder piston seal passes through the quick exhaust port 321, the rod chamber receives air through the quick exhaust port 321. After the cylinder piston seal passes through the quick exhaust port 321, the rod chamber receives air simultaneously through the quick exhaust port 321 and the buffer damping port 322, increasing the return speed. The combined effect of the quick exhaust port 321 and the buffer damping port 322 improves the overall response speed of the cylinder, thereby increasing the tomato screening efficiency and meeting the goal of efficient tomato harvesting.

[0045] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 is a two-position three-way solenoid valve. The A port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112, the P port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 is connected to the air tank 5, and the T port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 is connected to the atmosphere.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the high-frequency pneumatic directional solenoid valve 111 is in the first valve position, the rodless chamber of the toothed cylinder 12 is connected to the atmosphere, and the rodless chamber is depressurized. A return spring is provided in the rod chamber of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112. After the rodless chamber is depressurized, the return spring pushes the piston of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 to move rapidly to the left. When the high-frequency pneumatic directional solenoid valve 111 is in the second valve position, the rodless chamber of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 is connected to the air tank, and the rodless chamber is pressurized. The piston of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 moves to the right, rejecting unqualified fruits. Of course, users can also use other valves as the high-frequency pneumatic directional solenoid valve 111 as needed; this is not limited here.

[0047] Preferably, in another embodiment of this application, at least two sets of color sorters 11 are arranged in parallel. Each set of color sorters 11 is connected to the gas tank 5 through a multi-pass block 8. Each set of color sorters 11 includes a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve 111 and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 that are sequentially connected to the gas tank 5 via pipelines.

[0048] Figure 1In the specific embodiment shown, the pneumatic control system includes two sets of color sorters 11 arranged in parallel. The user can set the number of air paths for controlling the sorting action as needed, which is not limited here. Each high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 controls a different tooth mechanism to achieve the sorting operation. The structure of the tooth mechanism can refer to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] Preferably, each group of color sorters 11 is further provided with a pneumatic triplet 9 between it and the multi-pass block 8. The air tank 5 supplies air to the color sorter 11 through the pneumatic triplet 9. The pneumatic triplet 9 has the functions of removing impurities from the air, reducing pressure, and lubricating with oil mist.

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic for the filling section of the color sorting gas tank. Initially, the pressure of gas tank 5 is detected as P. When P is greater than or equal to P1 and less than 1.2P2, the gas from air compressor 3 is unloaded and discharged into the atmosphere via the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4. The atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 is in the unloading position, and air compressor 3 is in an unloading working state. The color sorting spring mechanism operates in a cycle, continuously consuming the gas in gas tank 5. When the pressure in gas tank 5 is less than P1, the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 activates and is in the open position, allowing air compressor 3 to fill gas tank 5. Air compressor 3 is in a loaded working state. This continues until the pressure P in gas tank 5 equals P2, at which point the atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 switches to the unloading position, and the gas from air compressor 3 is unloaded and discharged into the atmosphere via the unloading valve 4, thus achieving a cyclical working state of unloading-loading-unloading for air compressor 3.

[0051] If the internal structure of the large volume pressure regulating and unloading valve 4 malfunctions, causing continuous inflation of the air tank 5 and the pressure exceeds 1.2*P2, the pressure in the air tank, after being reduced by the pressure reducing valve 6, forces the pressure switch 7 to disconnect. The pressure switch 7 controls the clutch controller 2 to disconnect the connection between the air compressor 3 and the engine 1, so that the air compressor 3 stops working and stops inflation of the air tank 5, thus achieving the purpose of dual pressure protection, making it safer and more reliable.

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the control logic for the color sorting rejection section. The color sorter contains a photosensitive element and a data processor. After the photosensitive element detects unripe fruit and impurities, it transmits the data to the data processor. The processor controls the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve 111 to switch, thereby driving the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 of the air tank 5 to extend. The high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 drives the spring mechanism to reject the unripe fruit and impurities. After rejection, the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve 111 switches, and the high-frequency single-acting cylinder 112 automatically retracts by the internal spring. Excess gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve 111. This process is repeated cyclically, continuously consuming the gas in the air tank 5.

[0053] In addition to the embodiments described above, the following alternative methods may also be used in this application:

[0054] 1. The air compressor adopts an intake unloading method, which feeds back the pressure in the air tank to the air compressor, thereby realizing air exchange in the internal air chamber of the air compressor and achieving energy saving.

[0055] 2. The color sorter's internal high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve is a two-position four-way pneumatic high-frequency solenoid valve, and the cylinder is a double-acting cylinder. The extension and retraction of the cylinder are controlled by the solenoid valve.

[0056] 3. The pressure regulating and unloading valve adopts two small-capacity vehicle unloading valves connected in parallel to increase the air flow.

[0057] This application also provides a self-propelled tomato harvester, including the aforementioned color sorting air control system.

[0058] In summary, the color sorting air control system and self-propelled tomato harvester described in this application use an engine to drive an air compressor to supply air to an air storage tank. The air in the air storage tank is then supplied to the color sorter, achieving a stable and continuous air supply to the color sorter. When the photosensitive element and controller of the color sorter detect green fruits and impurities, a high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve controls a high-frequency single-acting cylinder to remove unqualified objects, thereby achieving the purpose of color sorting. The system includes a large-volume pressure regulating and unloading valve between the air compressor and the air tank to limit the air tank pressure and unload the air, enabling a cyclical working mode of unloading-loading-unloading for the air compressor, thus extending its lifespan. A clutch connects the engine and air compressor; the air tank pressure is controlled by a pressure reducing valve and a pressure switch, which in turn controls the air compressor's operation. This, combined with the pressure regulating and unloading valve, provides dual pressure protection for enhanced safety and reliability. The air tank uses a pneumatic triplet to change air pressure and improve air cleanliness and oil mist lubrication, adapting to the air used by the downstream color sorter. The color sorter incorporates a high-frequency pneumatic solenoid valve and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder. The color sorter controller controls the high-frequency single-acting cylinder's movement via the solenoid valve to separate green tomatoes and impurities. The high-frequency single-acting cylinder has a rapid exhaust port and a buffer damping port to control its rapid extension and retraction, reducing impact force. Compared to traditional manual sorting, this color sorting air control system offers higher automation, higher sorting efficiency, lower cost, and a shorter harvesting cycle.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A color-sorting air control system, characterized in that, The system includes an air compressor (3), an atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve (4), an air tank (5), and a color sorter (11) connected in sequence. The air compressor (3) is connected to the engine drive via a clutch controller (2). The color sorter (11) includes a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder (112) connected in sequence to the air tank (5). The atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve (4) is used to make the air compressor (3) alternate between a loaded operation state and an unloaded operation state according to the output pressure of the air compressor (3).

2. The color sorting air control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clutch drive device for controlling the operation of the clutch controller (2) is also provided between the air compressor (3) and the clutch controller (2).

3. The color sorting air control system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clutch drive device includes a pressure reducing valve (6) and a pressure switch (7). When the pressure in the air tank (5) is greater than the set value, the pressure reducing valve (6) reduces the pressure and the pressure switch (7) is disconnected. The pressure switch (7) controls the clutch controller (2) to disconnect the connection between the air compressor (3) and the engine (1), so that the air compressor (3) stops working.

4. The color sorting air control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas tank (5) is equipped with a safety valve (51) and a pressure gauge (52) at the top, and a drain valve (53) at the bottom.

5. The color sorting air control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The atmospheric pressure regulating and unloading valve (4) includes two plugs (41) on the left and right, a one-way shut-off rubber gasket (42), a main valve body (43), a main spring (44), a one-way shut-off spring (45), a main valve core (46), a connecting rod (47), a diaphragm fixing cap (48), a spring diaphragm (49), a pressure regulating screw (410), a locking nut (411), a pilot spring (412), a copper washer (413), an external control port plug (414), and a pilot valve body (415). The main valve body (43) is provided with an air inlet (416), a first air outlet (418), and a second air outlet (419). The pilot valve body (415) is provided with several uniformly distributed vent ports (417) in a ring. The pilot valve body (415) is vertically mounted on the main valve body (43). The main valve body (43) and the pilot valve body (415), the left and right plugs (41) and the main valve body (43), and the pressure adjusting screw (410) and the diaphragm fixing cap (48) and the pilot valve body (415) are all threaded connections. The pressure adjusting screw (410) and the pilot valve body (415) are locked together by a locking nut (411). The left and right plugs (41) are fixed to the one-way stop rubber pad (42) by a one-way stop spring (45). On the main valve body (43), to achieve one-way air passage; the two plugs (41) on the left and right sides are sealed with copper washers (413) between the main valve body (43) and the pilot valve body (415) to prevent air leakage; the pressure regulating screw (410) contacts the spring diaphragm (49) through the pilot spring (412), and the spring diaphragm (49) is fixed to the pilot valve body (415) through the diaphragm fixing cap (48); the lower part of the spring diaphragm (49) is connected to the main valve core (46) through the connecting rod (47) to control the opening and closing of the main valve core (46), and the spring diaphragm (49) and the pilot valve body (415) are connected. A planar seal is used between the main valve core (46) and the pilot valve body (415); both sides of the main valve body (43) and the pilot valve body (415) are provided with pilot control air channels, and the channels are connected to a one-way shut-off air outlet. The pilot valve body (415) is provided with an external control port, which is blocked by an external control port plug (414); six semi-circular grooves are provided on the main valve core (46) to increase the exhaust volume of the pressure regulating and unloading valve and realize large air volume control; the spring diaphragm (49) under the action of the main spring (44), the pilot spring (412) and the pilot air pressure makes the air compressor (3) alternate between the loaded operation state and the unloaded operation state.

6. The color sorting air control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency single-acting cylinder (112) has a fast exhaust port (321) in the middle of the cylinder barrel, and a buffer damping hole (322) is provided on the cylinder barrel of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder (112) at a position close to the front end cover (36).

7. The color sorting air control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) is a two-position three-way solenoid valve. The A port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder of the high-frequency single-acting cylinder (112). The P port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) is connected to the air tank (5). The T port of the high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) is connected to the atmosphere.

8. The color sorting air control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes at least two sets of color sorters (11) arranged in parallel. Each set of color sorters (11) is connected to the gas tank (5) through a multi-pass block (8). Each set of color sorters (11) includes a high-frequency pneumatic reversing solenoid valve (111) and a high-frequency single-acting cylinder (112) that are connected in sequence to the gas tank (5) pipeline.

9. The color sorting air control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each color sorter (11) is also provided with a pneumatic triplet (9) between it and the multi-pass block (8).

10. A self-propelled tomato harvester, characterized in that, Includes the color-sorting air control system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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