Demonstration board for direct-current stabilized power supply circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a direct-current stabilized power supply circuit demonstration board in the technical field of teaching aid circuit design, which is characterized in that a power transformer, a rectifier bridge, a filter capacitor, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a first potentiometer, a second potentiometer, a load resistor and a plurality of change-over switches are integrated on the same circuit substrate, and a plurality of test points are integrated at specific positions of the circuit. Half-wave / full-wave rectification, filtering, voltage stabilization, load and the like connected into the circuit are selected through a plurality of change-over switches, and connection to an oscilloscope through a plurality of test points is supported, so that teachers and students can directly operate and demonstrate functional characteristics of half-wave rectification, bridge rectification, capacitor filtering, parallel voltage stabilization, series voltage stabilization and the like. The technical problem that the function and performance characteristics of the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit are not easy to demonstrate is solved, and the function and performance characteristics of the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit can be demonstrated efficiently and flexibly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of teaching aid circuit design technology, and relates to a DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board. Background Technology

[0002] DC regulated power supply circuits are key fundamental circuits in the electronics field, providing stable DC power for electronic devices, scientific research experiments, and industrial control scenarios. They are the cornerstone of ensuring reliable circuit operation. For example, in microcontroller development, they provide a stable voltage to prevent program crashes; in precision sensor measurements, a stable power supply is a prerequisite for data accuracy; and in industrial automation devices, they continuously deliver reliable power to the control unit.

[0003] However, this circuit presents several inconveniences in teaching demonstrations. Traditional DC regulated power supplies are constructed from a variety of components, including transformers, rectifier bridges, filter capacitors, and voltage regulator chips, resulting in a complex structure and cumbersome wiring. In teaching, students struggle to intuitively understand the implementation logic of functions such as rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation; parameter adjustments (such as output voltage and current) require component replacement or repeated debugging, a time-consuming and error-prone process; circuit troubleshooting relies on experience, lacking visual breakdowns of components, leading to students' understanding of voltage regulation principles remaining purely theoretical. The intuitiveness and efficiency of teaching demonstrations are insufficient, necessitating optimized demonstration schemes to achieve an efficient connection between theory and practice. Therefore, how to efficiently and flexibly demonstrate the functions and performance characteristics of DC regulated power supply circuits has become one of the technical problems to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional technologies, this utility model proposes a DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board, which can efficiently and flexibly demonstrate the functions and performance characteristics of DC regulated power supply circuits.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this utility model adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] A DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board is provided, including a substrate, test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 integrated on the substrate, a power transformer, a rectifier bridge, a filter capacitor, a voltage regulator circuit, a first potentiometer, a second potentiometer, a load resistor, and switching switches SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, and SW5.

[0007] One end of the primary side of the power transformer is connected to test point AIN1 and the other end is grounded. The secondary side of the power transformer is connected to the rectifier bridge. One diode of the rectifier bridge is controlled to be disconnected or connected by the switch SW1. The output of the rectifier bridge is connected to the voltage regulator circuit and the switch SW5 through the switches SW2, SW3 and SW4 connected in series. The positive terminal of the filter capacitor is connected between the switches SW2 and SW3, and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor is grounded. The switch SW5 is connected to one end of the load resistor and serves as the circuit output. The other end of the load resistor is grounded through the second potentiometer.

[0008] Test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 are used to connect to the various signal channels of the oscilloscope, respectively. Switch SW2 is used to control the connection or disconnection of the filter capacitor. Switches SW3 and SW4 are used to control the connection or disconnection of the voltage regulator circuit. Switch SW5 is used to control whether the load resistor is connected after the rectifier bridge or after the voltage regulator circuit. The first potentiometer is used to adjust the output resistance of the voltage regulator circuit, and the second potentiometer is used to adjust the smoothness of the filter.

[0009] In one embodiment, the voltage regulator circuit includes a resistor R1, a voltage source, a transistor SS, a resistor R2, a resistor R4, and an operational amplifier AP;

[0010] One end of resistor R1 is connected between switch SW3 and switch SW4. The other end of resistor R1 is grounded through a voltage regulator and connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier AP. The inverting input of operational amplifier AP is connected to the sliding terminal of the first potentiometer. The collector of transistor SS is connected to switch SW4. The emitter of transistor SS is connected to one end of resistor R2 and switch SW5 respectively. The base of transistor SS is connected to the output of operational amplifier AP. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded after being connected in series with resistor R4 through the first potentiometer.

[0011] In one embodiment, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board further includes a power adapter integrated on the substrate. The power adapter is connected to the power supply terminal of the operational amplifier AP and the primary side of the power transformer, and is used to connect to an external power source.

[0012] In one embodiment, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board further includes an oscilloscope adapter integrated on the substrate. The oscilloscope adapter is connected to test points AIN1, AIN2 and AIN3 respectively, and is used to connect an oscilloscope.

[0013] In one embodiment, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board further includes a signal source adapter integrated on the substrate. The signal source adapter is connected to the power amplifier output terminal and is used to connect to an external signal source.

[0014] In one embodiment, the power adapter, oscilloscope adapter, and signal source adapter are all DuPont wire adapters.

[0015] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] The aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board integrates a power transformer, rectifier bridge, filter capacitor, voltage regulator circuit, first potentiometer, second potentiometer, load resistor, and several switching switches on the same circuit board. It also integrates multiple test points at specific locations within the circuit. These switching switches allow for selection of the circuit's internal half-wave / full-wave rectification, filtering, voltage regulation, and load functions. Furthermore, it supports connection to an oscilloscope via multiple test points. This enables teachers and students to directly demonstrate the functional characteristics of half-wave rectification, bridge rectification, capacitor filtering, parallel voltage regulation, and series voltage regulation. This solves the technical problem of the difficulty in demonstrating the functions and performance characteristics of DC regulated power supply circuits, providing an efficient and flexible demonstration of their features. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board in one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 The waveform diagram corresponding to half-wave rectification in one embodiment is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 The waveform diagram corresponding to the bridge rectification in one embodiment is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 The waveform diagram is shown to illustrate the capacitor filtering in one embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 The waveform diagram is shown as a demonstration of parallel voltage regulation in one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 The waveform diagram is a demonstration of the series voltage regulation in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this utility model have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that the reference to "embodiment" in this utility model means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this utility model. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described in this utility model can be combined with other embodiments. The term "and / or" as used in this utility model specification refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

[0026] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board is provided, including a substrate, test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 integrated on the substrate, a power transformer T1, a rectifier bridge RB, a filter capacitor C, a voltage regulator circuit, a first potentiometer R3, a second potentiometer R6, a load resistor R5, and switching switches SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, and SW5. One end of the primary side of the power transformer T1 is connected to test point AIN1, and the other end is grounded. The secondary side of the power transformer T1 is connected to the rectifier bridge RB. A diode of the rectifier bridge RB is controlled to be disconnected or connected by the switching switch SW1. The output terminal of the rectifier bridge RB is connected to the voltage regulator circuit and the switching switch SW5 respectively through the switching switches SW2, SW3, and SW4 connected in series. The positive terminal of the filter capacitor C is connected between the switching switches SW2 and SW3, and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor C is grounded. The switching switch SW5 is connected to one end of the load resistor R5 and serves as the circuit output terminal. The other end of the load resistor R5 is grounded through the second potentiometer R6.

[0028] Test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 are used to connect to the respective signal channels of the oscilloscope. Switch SW2 controls the connection or disconnection of the filter capacitor C. Switches SW3 and SW4 control the connection or disconnection of the voltage regulator circuit. Switch SW5 controls whether the load resistor R5 is connected after the rectifier bridge RB or after the voltage regulator circuit. The first potentiometer R3 adjusts the output resistance of the voltage regulator circuit, and the second potentiometer R6 adjusts the filter smoothness.

[0029] It is understood that the substrate can be a PCB board, and the voltage regulator circuit can adopt various existing voltage regulator branch structures in the art. In this embodiment, a first potentiometer R3 is added to the voltage regulator circuit. During teaching demonstrations, the output resistance of the voltage regulator circuit can be adjusted by rotating the first potentiometer R3 to flexibly meet the operational needs of the functional characteristics of the demonstration circuit. The power transformer T1 and the rectifier bridge RB can both adopt classic structural designs in the art. However, in this embodiment, one diode of the rectifier bridge RB is reconnected to the bridge through a switching switch SW1. Thus, the on / off state of the branch containing the diode can be controlled by operating the switching switch SW1 to efficiently support experimental teaching demonstrations of half-wave rectification and bridge rectification.

[0030] Switches SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, and SW5 are all multi-select switches, allowing direct selection and control of corresponding circuit components and branches during the experimental demonstration by toggling their positions. The above DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board demonstrates the characteristics of half-wave rectification, bridge rectification, capacitor filtering, parallel regulation, and series regulation by utilizing the coordinated operation of each component. Specific demonstration examples can be found in the examples below.

[0031] The aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board integrates a power transformer T1, a rectifier bridge RB, a filter capacitor C, a voltage regulator circuit, a first potentiometer R3, a second potentiometer R6, a load resistor R5, and several switching switches on the same circuit board. It also integrates multiple test points at specific locations within the circuit. These switching switches allow for selection of the circuit's internal half-wave / full-wave rectification, filtering, voltage regulation, and load functions. Furthermore, it supports connection to an oscilloscope via multiple test points. This enables teachers and students to directly demonstrate the functional characteristics of half-wave rectification, bridge rectification, capacitor filtering, parallel voltage regulation, and series voltage regulation. This solves the technical problem of the difficulty in demonstrating the functions and performance characteristics of DC regulated power supply circuits, providing an efficient and flexible demonstration of their features.

[0032] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the voltage regulator circuit includes resistor R1, a voltage regulator source, transistor SS, resistor R2, resistor R4, and operational amplifier AP;

[0033] One end of resistor R1 is connected between switch SW3 and switch SW4. The other end of resistor R1 is grounded through a regulated power supply and connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier AP. The inverting input of operational amplifier AP is connected to the sliding terminal of the first potentiometer R3. The collector of transistor SS is connected to switch SW4. The emitter of transistor SS is connected to one end of resistor R2 and switch SW5. The base of transistor SS is connected to the output of operational amplifier AP. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded through the first potentiometer R3 in series with resistor R4. Test point AIN3 is set on the connection line between the other end of resistor R1 and the regulated power supply. Figure 1 In this context, Vref is the reference voltage.

[0034] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board also includes a power adapter integrated on the substrate (as indicated by the "Power" label on the substrate). The power adapter is connected to the power supply terminal of the operational amplifier AP and the primary side of the power transformer T1, respectively. The power adapter is used to connect to an external power source.

[0035] It is understood that in this embodiment, a power adapter can also be directly integrated on the substrate, so that during the teaching demonstration, an external power supply that meets the polarity requirements can be directly connected through a power adapter to power the operational amplifier AP. Furthermore, by switching the switch SW5 to different positions, power can be supplied to the power transformer T1 and the operational amplifier AP, further improving the teaching demonstration efficiency of the circuit demonstration board.

[0036] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board also includes an oscilloscope adapter integrated on the substrate (as indicated by the "oscilloscope" label on the substrate). The oscilloscope adapter connects to test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 respectively, and is used to connect an oscilloscope.

[0037] It is understood that in this embodiment, an oscilloscope adapter can also be directly integrated on the substrate, thereby supporting efficient and reliable access to an external oscilloscope to demonstrate the signal waveform of the circuit through a plug-and-play method during the teaching demonstration process, which ultimately further improves the teaching demonstration efficiency of the circuit demonstration board.

[0038] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board also includes a signal source adapter integrated on the substrate (as indicated by the "Signal Source" label on the substrate). The signal source adapter is connected to the power amplifier output terminal and is used to connect to an external signal source.

[0039] It is understood that in this embodiment, a signal source adapter can also be directly integrated on the substrate, so that at least one external signal source can be conveniently connected through a signal source adapter in a plug-and-play manner during the teaching demonstration. The signal source can provide AC input voltage to demonstrate the process of converting AC voltage to DC voltage by a DC regulated power supply circuit.

[0040] In one embodiment, the power adapter, oscilloscope adapter, and signal source adapter are all DuPont wire adapters.

[0041] It is understood that, in this embodiment, the DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board can integrate three DuPont wire adapters on the substrate: a power adapter, an oscilloscope adapter, and a signal source adapter. This allows the demonstration board to be directly connected to a pocket experiment platform, or to be directly connected to discrete external power supplies, oscilloscopes, and signal sources. The unified adapter type allows for efficient plugging and unplugging of different external experimental components, thereby further improving the demonstration operation efficiency of the circuit.

[0042] In some implementations, demonstration application examples of the above-mentioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board are also provided to further demonstrate its effectiveness:

[0043] The aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board can be equipped with three DuPont wire adapters for connecting the demonstration board to the pocket experiment platform. The recommended input / output configuration is as follows: power supply configuration is ±12V; input configuration, such as a signal source with a frequency of 50Hz, peak-to-peak value of 4kmVpp, DC current of 0mV, and phase of 0deg; output configuration, such as an oscilloscope with acquisition channels 2 to 4.

[0044] Demonstration of half-wave rectification: Disconnect switch SW1 to disconnect one of the rectifier diodes in the rectifier bridge RB. The output rectification result is then half-wave rectified, with a signal output only for half a cycle. The oscilloscope displays the waveform as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0045] Bridge rectification demonstration: Close switch SW1 to connect the previously disconnected rectifier diodes in the rectifier bridge RB. The output is now the bridge rectification result, with a signal output throughout the entire cycle. The oscilloscope displays the waveform as shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0046] Demonstration of capacitor filtering: Close switch SW2, connect the filter capacitor C, and observe the output result after rectification and filtering, such as... Figure 4 As shown. The smoothness of the filtered waveform can be adjusted by adjusting the load resistor R5. Alternatively, the rectifier diode can be disconnected again to observe the filtering result after half-wave rectification.

[0047] Demonstration of parallel voltage regulation: Close switch SW3, connect the Zener diode TL431, and observe the parallel voltage regulation result (green curve) on the oscilloscope. Figure 5 As shown, the left side represents the situation before parallel voltage regulation, and the right side represents the situation after parallel voltage regulation. It can be seen that after parallel voltage regulation, the voltage is determined by the Zener diode.

[0048] Demonstration of series voltage regulation: Close switch SW4 to connect the series voltage regulator circuit, and simultaneously flip down the single-pole double-throw switch SW5. The oscilloscope displays the waveform as follows. Figure 6 As shown, the red curve represents the output voltage of the series voltage regulator circuit. The output voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the potentiometer in the series voltage regulator circuit.

[0049] The above waveforms Figures 2 to 6 The horizontal axis of the waveform represents time (milliseconds), and the vertical axis represents signal amplitude (volts). Among the waveforms above, the blue waveform represents the output of channel 2 of the oscilloscope, the purple waveform represents the output of channel 3 of the oscilloscope, and the green waveform represents the output of channel 4 of the oscilloscope.

[0050] The circuit design of the aforementioned DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board fully demonstrates the advantages of a single board for multiple uses and comprehensive coverage. Through reasonable circuit layout and component configuration, this experimental board can perform various experiments such as half-wave rectification, bridge rectification, capacitor filtering, parallel voltage regulation, and series voltage regulation, comprehensively covering the teaching content of DC regulated power supply circuits. At the same time, the demonstration board is also easy to use. By using the switching switches and potentiometers, the operating mode of the circuit can be easily switched, avoiding errors introduced by frequent circuit disassembly and assembly, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the experiments. This design effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional DC regulated power supply experiments, providing great convenience for teaching and experimentation.

[0051] It should be noted that in the specific circuit diagrams of the above circuit parts, if the pins in different circuit diagrams are marked with the same label, it means that the pins with the same label are connected.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this utility model, and all of these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board, characterized in that, Includes a substrate, test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 integrated on the substrate, a power transformer, a rectifier bridge, a filter capacitor, a voltage regulator circuit, a first potentiometer, a second potentiometer, a load resistor, and switching switches SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, and SW5. One end of the primary side of the power transformer is connected to test point AIN1 and the other end is grounded. The secondary side of the power transformer is connected to the rectifier bridge. One diode of the rectifier bridge is controlled to be disconnected or connected by the switch SW1. The output of the rectifier bridge is connected to the voltage regulator circuit and the switch SW5 through the switches SW2, SW3 and SW4 connected in series. The positive terminal of the filter capacitor is connected between the switches SW2 and SW3, and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor is grounded. The switch SW5 is connected to one end of the load resistor and serves as the circuit output. The other end of the load resistor is grounded through the second potentiometer. Test points AIN1, AIN2, and AIN3 are used to connect to the various signal channels of the oscilloscope, respectively. Switch SW2 is used to control the connection or disconnection of the filter capacitor. Switches SW3 and SW4 are used to control the connection or disconnection of the voltage regulator circuit. Switch SW5 is used to control whether the load resistor is connected after the rectifier bridge or after the voltage regulator circuit. The first potentiometer is used to adjust the output resistance of the voltage regulator circuit, and the second potentiometer is used to adjust the smoothness of the filter.

2. The DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulator circuit includes resistor R1, voltage regulator, transistor SS, resistor R2, resistor R4, and operational amplifier AP; One end of resistor R1 is connected between switch SW3 and switch SW4. The other end of resistor R1 is grounded through a voltage regulator and connected to the non-inverting input of operational amplifier AP. The inverting input of operational amplifier AP is connected to the sliding terminal of the first potentiometer. The collector of transistor SS is connected to switch SW4. The emitter of transistor SS is connected to one end of resistor R2 and switch SW5 respectively. The base of transistor SS is connected to the output of operational amplifier AP. The other end of resistor R2 is grounded after being connected in series with resistor R4 through the first potentiometer.

3. The DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a power adapter integrated on the substrate, which connects to the power supply terminal of the operational amplifier (AP) and the primary side of the power transformer, and is used to connect to an external power source.

4. The DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes an oscilloscope adapter integrated on the substrate, which connects to test points AIN1, AIN2 and AIN3 respectively, and is used to connect an oscilloscope.

5. The DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a signal source adapter integrated on the substrate, which connects to the power amplifier output and is used to connect to an external signal source.

6. The DC regulated power supply circuit demonstration board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power adapter, oscilloscope adapter, and signal source adapter are all DuPont wire adapters.

Images