Anti-sparking and anti-high-voltage protection circuit applied to direct-current socket

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-sparking and anti-high voltage protection circuit applied to a DC socket, comprising a triode Q1, an MOS tube Q2, an overvoltage detection module and a delay buffer module, an emitter of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with an anode of the DC socket J1, the overvoltage detection module, the delay buffer module and a source electrode of the MOS tube Q2; the base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the overvoltage detection module. The delay buffer module is connected with the overvoltage detection module, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 and the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2. Through the circuit, the on-off of the MOS tube can be controlled in a charging delay mode, the arc discharge risk generated in the plug plugging process is effectively reduced, input voltage is monitored in real time, the circuit is cut off when the input voltage exceeds a set threshold value, a post-stage load is effectively protected from being damaged by high voltage, the safety performance of the direct-current socket is improved, and the safety of the direct-current socket is improved. And the risks of fire disasters and equipment damage are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power socket technology, and in particular to a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, more and more household appliances on the market use adapter power supplies. While power adapters offer safety and convenience and meet people's electricity needs to a certain extent, they still have many shortcomings in terms of safety, intelligence, and environmental protection. For existing appliances using adapters, the DC socket must be plugged in first, followed by the 220V AC plug. If some users are in a hurry and do not connect them in the correct order (plugging in the 220V AC plug first, then the DC socket), arcing may occur in the DC socket. Furthermore, if multiple adapters are used in the home, and the DC sockets are the same but have different output voltages, if a user accidentally plugs a high-voltage adapter into a low-voltage appliance, it can easily damage the appliance, or even cause smoke and fire, increasing the fire hazard. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fire-proof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by one embodiment of this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets, including a transistor Q1, a MOSFET Q2, an overvoltage detection module, and a delay buffer module. The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the overvoltage detection module, the delay buffer module, and the source of MOSFET Q2, respectively. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the overvoltage detection module. The delay buffer module is connected to the overvoltage detection module, the collector of transistor Q1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2, respectively. The negative terminal of DC socket J1 is connected to the GND terminal, and the drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to an external device.

[0005] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the overvoltage detection module includes resistors R1-R2, resistor R4, capacitor C1, and Zener diode DZ1. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the emitter of transistor Q1, the source of MOSFET Q2, and the delay buffer module. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2, one end of resistor R4, and one end of capacitor C1. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor Q1. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the delay buffer module, capacitor C1, and GND terminal via Zener diode DZ1.

[0006] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the delay buffer module includes a capacitor C2 and resistors R3-R4. One end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2 and one end of the resistor R3, respectively. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R3, one end of the resistor R4 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2, respectively. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the GND terminal.

[0007] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets also includes a protector F1 connected in series between the positive terminal of DC socket J1 and the source terminal of MOSFET Q2.

[0008] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets also includes a filter module connected between the drain of MOSFET Q2 and an external device.

[0009] As one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model, the filtering module includes capacitors C3-C5. One end of capacitor C3, one end of capacitor C4 and one end of capacitor C5 are respectively connected to the drain of MOSFET Q2 and an external device. The other ends of capacitors C3, C4 and C5 are connected to the GND terminal.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: A fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets includes a transistor Q1, a MOSFET Q2, an overvoltage detection module, and a time-delay buffer module. The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the overvoltage detection module, the time-delay buffer module, and the source of MOSFET Q2. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the overvoltage detection module. The time-delay buffer module is connected to the overvoltage detection module, the collector of transistor Q1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2. The negative terminal of DC socket J1 is connected to GND. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to an external device. This circuit controls the switching of the MOSFET using a charging delay, effectively reducing the risk of arc discharge during plug insertion and removal. It also monitors the input voltage in real time and cuts off the circuit when it exceeds a set threshold, effectively protecting downstream loads from high-voltage damage, improving the safety performance of the DC socket, and reducing the risk of fire and equipment damage. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets. Detailed Implementation

[0013] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0014] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0015] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0016] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral molding; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 A fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets includes a transistor Q1, a MOSFET Q2, an overvoltage detection module 10, and a delay buffer module 20. The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the overvoltage detection module 10, the delay buffer module 20, and the source of MOSFET Q2. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the overvoltage detection module 10. The delay buffer module 20 is connected to the overvoltage detection module 10, the collector of transistor Q1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2. The negative terminal of DC socket J1 is connected to the GND terminal, and the drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to an external device.

[0018] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the overvoltage detection module 10, the overvoltage detection module 10 includes resistors R1-R2, resistor R4, capacitor C1, and Zener diode DZ1. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the emitter of transistor Q1, the source of MOSFET Q2, and the delay buffer module 20. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2, one end of resistor R4, and one end of capacitor C1. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor Q1, and the other end of resistor R2... The Zener diode DZ1 is connected to the delay buffer module 20, capacitor C1, and GND terminal respectively. In a preferred embodiment of the delay buffer module 20, the delay buffer module 20 includes capacitor C2 and resistors R3-R4. One end of capacitor C2 is connected to the source of MOSFET Q2 and one end of resistor R3 respectively. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1, the other end of resistor R3, one end of resistor R4, and the gate of MOSFET Q2 respectively. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to GND terminal.

[0020] Specifically, in some embodiments, the adapter voltage is set to 20V; when the AC plug of the adapter is inserted into a 220V outlet, the adapter already has a 20V voltage. When the DC output plug of the adapter is inserted into the DC socket J1, capacitor C2 will be charged through resistor R4. At the start of charging, the voltage across capacitor C2 is close to 0V, i.e., the voltage across MOSFET Q2 is close to 0V. GS =0V, MOSFET Q2 is cut off, therefore no sparking occurs when plugging or unplugging DC socket J1; when capacitor C2 is fully charged, the voltage is divided by resistors R3 and R4, and the V of MOSFET Q2 is... GS The voltage is 20-15=5V, because the V of MOSFET Q2 GS When the voltage is greater than 3V, the circuit is turned on. After the MOSFET Q2 is turned on, it charges capacitors C3, C4, and C5, and outputs PVCC to power external devices.

[0021] The voltage protection circuit principle of this utility model is as follows: Under normal circumstances, the input voltage is 20V, the Zener diode DZ1 is not conducting, and the voltage at point A is close to 20V. Transistor Q1 is cut off, and MOSFET Q2 is conducting. If the user accidentally uses a high-voltage adapter, the input voltage will exceed the set threshold. For example, if the adapter the user plugs in has a voltage of 22V, the voltage at point A will be 20V, and transistor Q1 will conduct. When transistor Q1 is conducting, the voltage across MOSFET Q2 will be... GS When the voltage is 0V, MOSFET Q2 is cut off, cutting off the circuit and protecting downstream devices. If the inserted voltage is the normal 20V, the voltage at DC IN point is the same as the voltage at point A, transistor Q1 is cut off, MOSFET Q2 is turned on, and external devices receive voltage and operate normally.

[0022] The advantages of this invention are as follows: the circuit described above can control the on / off state of the MOSFET by means of charging delay, which effectively reduces the risk of arc discharge generated during plug insertion and removal. Furthermore, it monitors the input voltage in real time and cuts off the circuit when the set threshold is exceeded, effectively protecting the downstream load from high voltage damage, improving the safety performance of the DC socket, and reducing the risk of fire and equipment damage.

[0023] In some embodiments, a fire-proof and high-voltage protection circuit for a DC socket further includes a protector F1 connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC socket J1 and the source terminal of the MOSFET Q2, to further reduce the risk of fire caused by a short circuit.

[0024] In some embodiments, a fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for a DC socket further includes a filter module 30 connected between the drain of the MOSFET Q2 and an external device; as a preferred embodiment of the filter module 30, the filter module 30 includes capacitors C3-C5, one end of capacitor C3, one end of capacitor C4 and one end of capacitor C5 are respectively connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q2 and the external device, and the other ends of capacitors C3, C4 and C5 are connected to the GND terminal.

[0025] Of course, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this utility model. All such equivalent modifications and substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets, characterized in that: The device includes a transistor Q1, a MOSFET Q2, an overvoltage detection module (10), and a delay buffer module (20). The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the overvoltage detection module (10), the delay buffer module (20), and the source of MOSFET Q2. The base of transistor Q1 is connected to the overvoltage detection module (10). The delay buffer module (20) is connected to the overvoltage detection module (10), the collector of transistor Q1, and the gate of MOSFET Q2. The negative terminal of DC socket J1 is connected to the GND terminal. The drain of MOSFET Q2 is connected to an external device.

2. The anti-sparking and anti-high voltage protection circuit for DC sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overvoltage detection module (10) includes resistors R1-R2, resistor R4, capacitor C1, and Zener diode DZ1. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of DC socket J1, the emitter of transistor Q1, the source of MOSFET Q2, and the delay buffer module (20). The other end of resistor R1 is connected to one end of resistor R2, one end of resistor R4, and one end of capacitor C1. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to the base of transistor Q1. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the delay buffer module (20), capacitor C1, and GND terminal via Zener diode DZ1.

3. The anti-sparking and anti-high voltage protection circuit for DC sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delay buffer module (20) includes a capacitor C2 and resistors R3-R4. One end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the source of the MOS transistor Q2 and one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R3, one end of the resistor R4 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q2. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the GND terminal.

4. The anti-sparking and anti-high voltage protection circuit for DC sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protector F1 connected in series between the positive terminal of DC socket J1 and the source terminal of MOSFET Q2.

5. The anti-sparking and anti-high voltage protection circuit for DC sockets according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a filter module (30) connected between the drain of the MOSFET Q2 and an external device.

6. A fireproof and high-voltage protection circuit for DC sockets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtering module (30) includes capacitors C3-C5. One end of capacitor C3, one end of capacitor C4 and one end of capacitor C5 are respectively connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q2 and external devices. The other ends of capacitors C3, C4 and C5 are connected to the GND terminal.

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