Uniform fertilizer scattering mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a uniform fertilizer scattering mechanism, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a rack, a blanking mechanism and a scattering mechanism, the blanking mechanism comprises a fertilizer hopper, the fertilizer hopper is fixed through the rack, a blanking port is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper, the scattering mechanism is arranged on the rack and right below the blanking mechanism, and the scattering mechanism is arranged on the rack and right below the blanking mechanism. The scattering mechanism is composed of a scattering disc and a material blocking guide disc, the material blocking guide disc is directly fixed to the machine frame, and the scattering disc is rotationally arranged on the material blocking guide disc in a sleeved mode. Through the collaborative design of the movable material plate and the material blocking guide disc on the scattering disc and the cooperation of the small wheel and the sliding groove, the fertilizer is effectively prevented from being clamped into the gap, the movable material plate automatically turns over under the action of the guide plate to form a material blocking space, the fertilizer is prevented from being scattered backwards, meanwhile, the small wheel slides in the sliding groove to provide auxiliary support, and the fertilizer scattering efficiency is improved. The structural stability during high-speed operation is remarkably improved, vibration and abrasion are reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of crop planting, fertilization is generally needed to supplement nutrients so that crops can be fully supplied with nutrients. At present, the common fertilization method of people is to directly and uniformly spread chemical fertilizer or organic fertilizer into soil. With the development of mechanized planting, in order to improve the efficiency of fertilization, a fertilizer throwing device is also introduced in the operation of field fertilization. In agricultural production, the precision and efficiency of the fertilizer throwing device directly affect the fertilization effect and resource utilization rate. The traditional fertilizer throwing device has the following problems: first, the gap of the device is easy to be stuck with fertilizer, which causes unstable operation of the equipment or even failure, frequent shutdown for cleaning, and serious influence on the operation efficiency; second, the centrifugal force distribution of the traditional throwing disc is uneven when rotating at high speed, which causes uncontrollable fertilizer throwing range and difficulty in guaranteeing the uniformity of field fertilization. Therefore, a fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism with optimized structure and strong adaptability is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems and improve the reliability and precision of fertilization operation. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism, which solves the problems of material sticking, uneven throwing and poor adaptability of the traditional device through structural innovation and function integration, and significantly improves the fertilization efficiency and precision.

[0004] The utility model solves the technical problem by the following scheme: a fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism, including frame, discharging mechanism and throwing mechanism, the discharging mechanism includes fertilizer hopper, the fertilizer hopper is fixed through the frame, is provided with the discharging port at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper, the frame is provided with the throwing mechanism directly below the discharging mechanism, and the throwing mechanism is composed of throwing disc and material blocking guide disc, the material blocking guide disc is directly fixed on the frame, and the throwing disc is rotatably sleeved on the material blocking guide disc and is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism;The material blocking guide disc includes bottom guide disc and rear baffle, the bottom guide disc is horizontally fixed on the bottom of the frame, and the rear baffle is vertically welded and fixed on the bottom guide disc on one side of the frame, the throwing disc includes the central disc rotatably sleeved above the bottom guide disc, a plurality of material distribution partitions are uniformly welded and fixed on the upper surface of the central disc, a lower concave step portion is arranged between adjacent two material distribution partitions on the central disc, and a movable material plate is rotatably installed in the lower concave step portion, and the rear baffle is provided with guide plates on both sides, and the guide plates are used to guide the movable material plate to turn upward.

[0005] Further, the movable material plate is installed below with a small wheel, and the small wheel is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom guide disc, and a sliding groove matched with the small wheel is opened on the rear baffle, and the movable material plate is guided to overturn into the rear baffle area through the guide plate, and the corresponding small wheel slides into the sliding groove.

[0006] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a transmission shaft horizontally rotatably sleeved on the rack, a motor for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft is installed on the rack, a main bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft, a central rotating shaft is vertically rotatably sleeved at the center of the central material disc, the bottom of the central rotating shaft is installed on the center of the bottom guide disc through a shaft seat, and a slave bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the central rotating shaft and engaged with the main bevel gear.

[0007] Further, a socket is opened on the sidewall of the fertilizer hopper above the discharging port, and a movable plug plate is inserted in the socket, and the movable plug plate is used for plugging or opening the discharging port.

[0008] Further, the movable material plate is rotatably sleeved on the lower concave step portion near the step edge through a pin shaft, and the movable material plate can only be horizontally upwardly overturned or reset.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0010] The utility model discloses a movable material plate and a material blocking guide disc are cooperatively designed on the throwing disc, and the small wheel and the sliding groove are matched, so that the fertilizer is effectively prevented from being clamped into the gap, the movable material plate is automatically overturned to form a material blocking space under the action of the guide plate, the fertilizer is blocked from being thrown back, the small wheel slides in the sliding groove to provide auxiliary support, the structural stability during high-speed operation is significantly improved, vibration and abrasion are reduced, and the equipment life is prolonged, the linkage design of the guide plate and the movable material plate ensures that the fertilizer is only thrown to the field in front of the device, and the fertilizer is prevented from splashing to the rack direction, the uniform distribution of the material distribution partition plate is combined, precise coverage of the centrifugal throwing of the fertilizer is realized, and the uniformity of field fertilization is improved. ACCURACY

[0011] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 It is an explosion schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a throwing mechanism structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 4 It is a throwing disc structure schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present application.

[0017] In the figure: 1, rack; 2, discharging mechanism; 21, fertilizer hopper; 22, discharging port; 23, socket; 24, movable plug; 25, clamping groove; 26, movable partition; 3, material blocking guide disc; 31, bottom guide disc; 32, rear baffle; 33, guide plate; 34, chute; 4, throwing disc; 41, center disc; 42, material partition; 43, lower concave step; 44, movable material plate; 45, small wheel; 46, center shaft; 47, bevel gear; 5, driving mechanism; 51, transmission shaft; 52, main bevel gear; 53, motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , the present application provides a kind of technical scheme of fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism: EMBODIMENT

[0020] According to Figure 1 And Figure 2 As shown in a kind of fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism, including rack 1, discharging mechanism 2 and throwing mechanism, discharging mechanism 2 is fixed by rack 1, for storing fertilizer and controlling fertilizer discharging, throwing mechanism is arranged on the rack 1 below discharging mechanism 2, and fertilizer falling through discharging mechanism 2 is thrown out uniformly by throwing mechanism, realizes the uniform fertilization in field, and hanging rack is fixed in the front of rack 1, in actual application, the whole fertilizer throwing device is suspended and fixed in the front of traction mechanism such as tractor etc.

[0021] As shown in the figure, discharging mechanism 2 includes fertilizer hopper 21, fertilizer hopper 21 is fixed by rack 1, and discharging port 22 is arranged at the bottom of fertilizer hopper 21, socket 23 is opened in the side wall of fertilizer hopper 21 above discharging port 22, socket 23 is used to insert movable plug 24, and movable plug 24 can block or open discharging port 22, and by controlling the insertion amount of movable plug 24, the opening amount of discharging port 22 can be regulated, to control the falling speed of fertilizer, when discharging port 22 is opened, fertilizer in fertilizer hopper 21 can freely fall through discharging port 22 to throwing mechanism and throw outwards.

[0022] The throwing mechanism is composed of a throwing disc 4 and a material blocking guide disc 3, the material blocking guide disc 3 is directly fixed on the frame 1, the throwing disc 4 is rotationally sleeved on the material blocking guide disc 3 and is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism 5, the throwing disc 4 is used for centrifugal throwing and sending the fertilizer falling from the feeding mechanism 2 to the field to realize automatic fertilization, the material blocking guide disc 3 provides auxiliary support for the high-speed rotation of the throwing disc 4 and blocks the fertilizer thrown by the throwing disc 4 to the frame 1. Specifically, the material blocking guide disc 3 includes a bottom guide disc 31 and a rear baffle 32, the bottom guide disc 31 is a disc-shaped structure and is directly horizontally fixed on the bottom of the frame 1, the rear baffle 32 is an arc-shaped structure matched with the edge of the bottom guide disc 31, and the rear baffle 32 is vertically welded and fixed on the bottom guide disc 31 on one side of the frame 1, the throwing disc 4 includes a central disc 41 rotationally sleeved above the bottom guide disc 31, a plurality of material distribution partitions 42 are uniformly welded and fixed on the upper surface of the central disc 41 around the center, the central disc 41 and the material distribution partitions 42 form a complete throwing disc, a central shaft 46 is vertically rotationally sleeved in the center of the central disc 41, the bottom of the central shaft 46 is installed on the center of the bottom guide disc 31 through a shaft seat, and the center of the central disc 41 and the center of the bottom guide disc 31 are located directly below the feeding mechanism 2, the central disc 41 can rotate at high speed on the bottom guide disc 31, the central shaft 46 and the central disc 41 are driven to rotate at high speed by the driving mechanism 5, the throwing disc uniformly throws the fertilizer through the centrifugal force, and when the fertilizer thrown on the throwing disc splashes to the frame 1, the fertilizer thrown to the frame 1 is blocked back by the rear baffle 32, so that the fertilizer cannot be thrown to the frame 1 behind the device, but can only be stored on the throwing disc and thrown to the field in front, thereby realizing precise throwing operation of the fertilizer and improving the precision of fertilizer throwing.

[0023] The driving mechanism 5 includes a transmission shaft 51 rotationally sleeved on the frame 1, a main bevel gear 52 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft 51, a slave bevel gear 47 is fixedly sleeved on the central shaft 46, the slave bevel gear 47 and the main bevel gear 52 are engaged, and the transmission shaft 51 can be directly driven by a motor 53 or a diesel engine, the motor 53 is installed on the frame 1, and the output end of the motor 53 is connected with the transmission shaft 51.

[0024] In order to make the throwing disc 4 rotate smoothly on the material blocking guide disc 3, some gaps are required to be left between the central disc 41 and the rear baffle 32 for smooth high-speed rotation of the throwing disc 4, however, although the rear baffle 32 can block the fertilizer from splashing to the frame 1, it cannot prevent the fertilizer from being stuck in the gap between the central disc 41 and the rear baffle 32, when the fertilizer is stuck in the gap, the rotation of the throwing disc 4 may be blocked, affecting the uniform and rapid throwing of the fertilizer.

[0025] In order to solve this problem, as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a downward recessed lower step portion 43 is arranged between the adjacent two distribution partitions 42 at the outer edge of the central hopper 41, and a movable hopper plate 44 is rotatably installed in the lower step portion 43, the movable hopper plate 44 is rotatably sleeved on the position close to the step edge in the lower step portion 43 through a pin shaft, and the movable hopper plate 44 can only be flipped upward or reset to horizontal due to the resistance of the bottom surface of the lower step portion 43, when the movable hopper plate 44 is flipped upward, the movable hopper plate 44 and the adjacent two distribution partitions 42 form a material blocking space on the central hopper 41, at this time, the movable hopper plate 44 is in a material blocking state, so that the fertilizer cannot be thrown outwards; in order to realize the normal material spreading of the movable hopper plate 44 in front of the throwing and spreading disc 4, the blocking effect in the direction of the frame 1, guide plates 33 are arranged on both sides of the rear baffle 32, the guide plates 33 are inclined surface structures with curvature, when the movable hopper plate 44 rotates to the position of the guide plates 33, the movable hopper plate 44 can be automatically flipped upward under the pushing of the guide plates 33, and enter the rear baffle 32 in the material blocking state, at this time, the fertilizer cannot be thrown outwards or fall into the gap between the central hopper 41 and the bottom guide disc 31 due to the material blocking effect of the movable hopper plate 44; when the movable hopper plate 44 rotates out of the rear baffle 32 and the guide plates 33, the movable hopper plate 44 returns to the horizontal material spreading state again under the guidance of the guide plates 33 and the self-weight of the movable hopper plate 44, so that the fertilizer can be smoothly thrown forward to the field through the throwing and spreading disc 4.

[0026] In order to further improve the stability of the throwing and spreading disc 4 when rotating at high speed, a small wheel 45 is installed below each movable hopper plate 44, and the small wheel 45 is in contact with the upper surface of the bottom guide disc 31, when the throwing and spreading disc 4 rotates at high speed, the small wheel 45 can rotate on the surface of the bottom guide disc 31 to play an auxiliary supporting effect, and a sliding groove 34 matched with the small wheel 45 is also arranged on the rear baffle 32, when the movable hopper plate 44 is guided to flip into the area of the rear baffle 32 through the guide plates 33, the small wheel 45 on the movable hopper plate 44 at the corresponding position can slide into the sliding groove 34 and stably slide on the rear baffle 32 following the rotation of the movable hopper plate 44, thereby improving the stability of the throwing and spreading disc 4 when rotating at high speed.

[0027] In specific use, the multifunctional fertilizer throwing device is first hung and fixed on the traction mechanism through the mounting frame to move in the field, and the fertilizer to be applied is placed in the fertilizer hopper 21, the movable plug plate 24 is pulled out, the discharge port 22 is in an open state, then the motor 53 controls the rotation of the transmission shaft 51, under the meshing of the main bevel gear 52 and the driven bevel gear 47, the throwing disc 4 is driven to rotate at high speed, the fertilizer falling on the throwing disc 4 is thrown outward by centrifugal force through the high-speed rotation of the throwing disc 4 and automatically falls on the field for application, when the movable material plate 44 on the throwing disc 4 rotates to the front of the device to face the farmland, the movable material plate 44 is in a horizontal state and cooperates with the central material disc 41 to smoothly complete the work of throwing the fertilizer outward, when the movable material plate 44 rotates to the direction of the frame 1, under the guidance of the guide plate 33, the movable material plate 44 can be turned over into the range of the guide plate 33 and the rear baffle 32, and the fertilizer cannot be thrown to the direction of the frame 1 but only to the front of the farmland, so that the automatic and accurate fertilizer throwing and application work is realized. Embodiment

[0028] On the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 the discharge port 22 is further provided with a material guiding mechanism for controlling the constant-speed discharge of the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21; the material guiding mechanism comprises a material guiding shaft rotatably sleeved in the discharge port 22, a plurality of material guiding plates are uniformly arranged on the material guiding shaft in the circumferential direction, the material guiding plates are matched arranged in the discharge port 22, and a power source for controlling the rotation of the material guiding shaft is arranged on the frame 1, the material guiding shaft is driven to rotate by the power source, and under the rotating and material guiding action of the material guiding plates, the constant-quantity discharge of the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21 can be controlled, in actual application, the speed of the fertilizer discharge can be adjusted by controlling the rotating speed of the material guiding mechanism, and then the speed and amount of the fertilizer application can be controlled in cooperation with the throwing mechanism. Embodiment

[0029] On the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 a plurality of longitudinal clamping grooves 25 are symmetrically formed in the inner walls of the two sides of the fertilizer hopper 21, the movable partition plate 26 can be clamped in the fertilizer hopper 21 through the clamping grooves 25, the movable partition plate 26 is used for dividing the space in the fertilizer hopper 21, so that different fertilizers can be simultaneously stored in the fertilizer hopper 21, and different fertilizers can be mixed at the discharge port 22, and the movable partition plate 26 can be clamped at different positions in the fertilizer hopper 21 to realize the space distribution adjustment of the fertilizer hopper 21, or the movable partition plate can be removed to uniformly throw a single fertilizer, which has the characteristics of fast application speed and high efficiency, so that the device can flexibly adjust the throwing amount of different fertilizers according to the field application requirements.

[0030] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fertilizer uniform throwing mechanism, comprising a frame (1), a feeding mechanism (2) and a throwing mechanism, characterized in that, The discharging mechanism (2) is composed of a fertilizer hopper (21) and a discharging port (22), the fertilizer hopper (21) is fixed through the frame (1), the discharging port (22) is communicated and arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper (21), the frame (1) is provided with a throwing mechanism, the throwing mechanism is composed of a throwing disc (4) and a material blocking guide disc (3), the material blocking guide disc (3) is fixed on the frame (1), the throwing disc (4) is rotatably sleeved on the material blocking guide disc (3) and is driven to rotate through a driving mechanism (5), and the throwing disc (4) and the material blocking guide disc (3) are both located directly below the discharging port (22); the material blocking guide disc (3) comprises a bottom guide disc (31) and a rear baffle (32), the bottom guide disc (31) is a disc-shaped structure and is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the frame (1), the rear baffle (32) is an arc-shaped structure matched with the edge of the bottom guide disc (31) and is vertically welded and fixed on the bottom guide disc (31), and the rear baffle (32) is located on one side of the frame (1), the throwing disc (4) comprises a central disc (41) rotatably sleeved above the bottom guide disc (31), a plurality of material distribution partitions (42) are uniformly welded and fixed on the upper surface of the central disc (41) around the center, a lower concave step portion (43) is arranged between adjacent two material distribution partitions (42) on the central disc (41), and a movable material plate (44) is rotatably installed in the lower concave step portion (43), guide plates (33) are arranged on the two sides of the rear baffle (32), and the guide plates (33) are used for guiding the movable material plate (44) to flip upwards.

2. A fertilizer uniform spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A small wheel (45) is installed below the movable material plate (44) and in contact with the upper surface of the bottom guide disc (31), a sliding groove (34) matched with the small wheel (45) is formed in the rear baffle (32), and the movable material plate (44) is guided to flip into the area of the rear baffle (32) through the guide plates (33) and then slides into the sliding groove (34) corresponding to the small wheel (45).

3. A fertilizer uniform spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (5) comprises a transmission shaft (51) rotatably sleeved on the frame (1), a motor (53) for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft (51) is installed on the frame (1), a main bevel gear (52) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the transmission shaft (51), a central rotating shaft (46) is vertically rotatably sleeved at the center of the central disc (41), the bottom of the central rotating shaft (46) is installed in the center of the bottom guide disc (31) through a shaft seat, a slave bevel gear (47) is fixedly sleeved on the central rotating shaft (46), and the slave bevel gear (47) and the main bevel gear (52) are engaged.

4. A fertilizer uniform spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A socket (23) is formed in the side wall of the fertilizer hopper (21) above the discharging port (22), a movable plug plate (24) is inserted in the socket (23), and the movable plug plate (24) is used for plugging or opening the discharging port (22).

5. A fertilizer uniform spreading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable material plate (44) is rotatably sleeved on the lower concave step portion (43) at a position close to the step edge through a pin shaft, and the movable material plate (44) can only be horizontally flipped upwards or reset.

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