Ecological restoration system for degraded mine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a degraded mine ecological restoration system, and particularly relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, which comprises a ground, a side slope is fixedly arranged on one side of the ground, a water-resisting layer is fixedly arranged on the surface of the side slope, a flow guide mechanism is arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer, and the flow guide mechanism comprises a soil improvement layer fixedly arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer. A planting layer is fixedly arranged on one side of the soil improvement layer, an arc-shaped drainage groove is formed in the surface of the planting layer, two flow guide grooves are formed in the surface of the planting layer, two inclined grooves are formed in the surface of the planting layer, and two filtering grooves are formed in the surface of the ground. According to the utility model, all layers are cooperated, so that soil is improved, vegetation growth is facilitated, redundant water can be orderly guided and drained, water and soil loss is reduced, the slope surface of a mine is stabilized, precipitated and purified water can be effectively collected and accurately conveyed, cyclic utilization of water resources is realized, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, more specifically, the utility model relates to a degraded mine ecological restoration system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Mine restoration is to restore the mining pollution abandoned land, realize the recovery of the damaged ecological environment and the sustainable utilization of land resources, and the ecological restoration of the mine in the related technology often adopts the vegetation restoration method, and the heavy metal resistant vegetation is planted on the slope of the mine to increase the ecological restoration performance of the mine.

[0003] But the long-term development of the mine makes the soil on the surface of the mine slope relatively loose, and rainwater is easy to wash the soil down the slope, which makes the slope environment continue to deteriorate and causes the soil on the surface of the slope to be difficult to store water, so that the vegetation planted on the surface of the slope is relatively difficult to survive.

[0004] According to the search, the authorized announcement No. CN214832793U of the Chinese patent discloses a degraded mine ecological restoration system, the soil layer of the mine slope is separated and consolidated by the geotechnical frame in the structure, so that the soil on the mine slope is relatively not easy to flow down with the rainwater, when the rainwater flows down with the slope, the rainwater will flow into the drainage channel, and then flow into the water collecting well for storage, when the dry season, the staff can start the water pump to pump out the rainwater in the water collecting well and irrigate the vegetation planted on the mine slope through the drip irrigation pipe, so as to improve the survival rate of the vegetation on the mine slope, and the drainage channel is in the shape of a strip, and the end thereof is communicated with the water collecting well, the side of the water collecting well communicated with the drainage channel is connected with the overflow block for slow water overflow, and the end of the drainage channel close to the overflow block is provided with a sand sink.

[0005] But the structure in actual use, the drainage channel in the structure is arranged on the side frame of the geotechnical frame at the bottom end, and the opening of the drainage channel is transversely arranged towards the central axis of the geotechnical frame, because the rainwater on the mine slope often carries impurities such as sand, these impurities are easy to deposit in the drainage channel, especially in the sand sink close to the overflow block, which may cause the drainage channel to be blocked and affect its normal drainage function. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a degraded mine ecological restoration system to solve the problems in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] The ecological restoration system for degraded mine includes a ground, a slope fixedly arranged on one side of the ground, a water-resisting layer fixedly arranged on a surface of the slope, and a flow guide mechanism arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer.

[0009] The flow guide mechanism includes a soil improvement layer fixedly arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer, a planting layer fixedly arranged on one side of the soil improvement layer, an arc-shaped drainage groove arranged on a surface of the planting layer, two flow guide grooves arranged on the surface of the planting layer, two inclined grooves arranged on the surface of the planting layer, two filter grooves arranged on a surface of the ground, a filter screen box inserted into each of the filter grooves, a drainage groove arranged in the ground, the drainage groove being inclined, the drainage groove being in communication with the filter screen box, and a sedimentation tank fixedly arranged in the ground, the sedimentation tank being arranged at a bottom of the drainage groove.

[0010] The above technical scheme has the following advantages: the water-resisting layer ensures the stability of the slope, the layers of the flow guide mechanism are coordinated, the soil is improved, the growth of vegetation is facilitated, the excess water is orderly drained, the water and soil loss is reduced, the slope of the mine is stabilized, the filter grooves and the filter screen boxes are matched, the drainage groove and the sedimentation tank are cooperated, the rainwater and other water resources are effectively filtered and purified, and the blockage is reduced.

[0011] Further to the above technical scheme, the sedimentation tank is internally provided with a recovery mechanism, the recovery mechanism includes a water outlet pipe fixedly arranged in the sedimentation tank, one end of the water outlet pipe penetrates through the ground and extends outwardly of the ground, a conveying pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the water outlet pipe, a water pump is fixedly arranged between the water outlet pipe and the conveying pipe, and a plurality of drip irrigation pipes are penetratingly arranged on one side of the conveying pipe.

[0012] The above technical scheme has the following advantages: the water purified by sedimentation can be effectively collected and accurately conveyed, the water resources are recycled, the dependence on external water sources is reduced, the waste of water resources is avoided, the water utilization efficiency is improved, the water required for the growth of vegetation in the mine is ensured, and the ecological restoration work is smoothly carried out.

[0013] Further to the above technical scheme, one side of the planting layer is provided with a compacting net, fixed holes are arranged on surfaces of the compacting net, the planting layer, the soil improvement layer and the water-resisting layer, an anchor rod is inserted into each of the fixed holes, a threaded cap is threadedly connected to one end of the anchor rod, a fine filter screen is fixedly arranged in the filter screen box, a fine sand layer is fixedly arranged on a top of the fine filter screen, and a fine stone layer is fixedly arranged on a top of the fine sand layer.

[0014] The above technical scheme has the following advantages: the stability of each layer is enhanced, the influence of external force is effectively resisted, the ecological restoration system is stably maintained on the slope for a long time, the risks such as landslide are reduced, the impurities in the water flow are finely filtered, the water quality is improved, the blockage is avoided, the recycling of water resources is facilitated, and the system is smoothly operated.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of the utility model are as follows:

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the longitudinal inclined flow guide groove of the planting layer, the filter groove of the ground and the inclined drainage groove can efficiently collect and filter the excess moisture generated by rainfall, the water resources that can cause water and soil loss or be wasted are effectively recovered, the filter screen box in the filter groove is provided with three layers of filter structures of fine stone layer, fine sand layer and fine filter screen, cooperatively working can intercept and remove impurities of different particle sizes in the water flow, the quality of the water resources in the whole system is maintained, the pipeline is prevented from being blocked by impurities, the filter screen box is conveniently cleaned and maintained by the staff regularly, the filtering function is continuously and effectively ensured, and finally the overall repair of the degraded mine ecological environment and the effective recovery of the ecological function are realized.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the water purified in the sedimentation tank can be accurately delivered to the vicinity of the root of each plant when the plants in the planting layer lack water, a slow and accurate drip irrigation mode is realized, the utilization efficiency of water resources is maximized, the plants are provided with stable and sufficient water supply in the relatively water-deficient environment of the mine, the vegetation is better survived and grown, the ecological repair process is continuously and smoothly developed, the setting of the compacting net provides the compacting and stabilizing effect for the planting layer and the layers below, prevents the loosening and sliding between the layers under the influence of rainwater scouring, plant root growth and other factors, and is convenient and fast to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a whole front view cross section structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a flow guide mechanism structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a recycling mechanism structure schematic view of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model. Figure 4 It is an enlarged structure schematic view of A place in the utility model.

[0023] The reference signs are: 1, ground; 2, slope; 3, water-resisting layer; 4, soil improvement layer; 5, planting layer; 6, arc-shaped drainage groove; 7, flow guide groove; 8, inclined groove; 9, filter groove; 10, filter screen box; 11, drainage groove; 12, sedimentation tank; 13, water outlet pipe; 14, conveying pipe; 15, water pump; 16, drip irrigation pipe; 17, compaction screen; 18, anchor rod; 19, threaded cap; 20, fine filter screen; 21, fine sand layer; 22, fine stone layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0025] The application discloses a degraded mine ecological restoration system as shown in the drawings Figures 1-5 The degraded mine ecological restoration system comprises a ground 1, a slope 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the ground 1, a water-resisting layer 3 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the slope 2, and a flow guide mechanism is arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer 3.

[0026] The flow guide mechanism comprises a soil improvement layer 4 fixedly arranged on one side of the water-resisting layer 3, a planting layer 5 fixedly arranged on one side of the soil improvement layer 4, arc-shaped drainage grooves 6 formed in the surface of the planting layer 5, two flow guide grooves 7 formed in the surface of the planting layer 5, two inclined grooves 8 formed in the surface of the planting layer 5, two filter grooves 9 formed in the surface of the ground 1, filter screen boxes 10 inserted into the two filter grooves 9, a drainage groove 11 formed in the ground 1, the drainage groove 11 being in an inclined shape and being in communication with the filter screen boxes 10, and a sedimentation tank 12 fixedly arranged in the ground 1 and located at the bottom of the drainage groove 11. The water-resisting layer 3 serves as the first protective barrier and mainly prevents excessive external rainfall from penetrating into the soil in the slope 2. By virtue of the good water-resisting performance, the water-resisting layer 3 can reduce the risk of instability, such as landslide and collapse, of the slope 2 caused by excessive water content, thereby laying a stable foundation for the subsequent other structures. The soil improvement layer 4 located on one side of the water-resisting layer 3 starts to play a role. The improvement materials, such as organic materials and biochar, are mixed in the soil improvement layer 4. After the organic materials are decomposed, the organic matter content of the soil is increased, the cohesiveness between soil particles is better, and the pore structure is more reasonable, so that a relatively suitable environment for the root growth and nutrient absorption of the plants in the planting layer 5 is created.

[0027] The planting layer 5 is a key area for vegetation planting, and herbs, shrubs and trees suitable for growth in the harsh environment of the mine are planted in the planting layer 5. During the growth of the plants, the root systems continuously extend and penetrate into the soil improvement layer 4 and deeper soil. On the one hand, the root systems enhance the cohesion between soil particles and improve the overall erosion resistance of the slope 2. On the other hand, the stems and leaves of the plants on the ground can buffer the rainfall, reduce the kinetic energy of the rainfall, and reduce the splash erosion caused by the direct impact of raindrops on the soil, thereby effectively retaining the water and soil and preventing the soil on the slope surface from being washed away by rainwater.

[0028] When it rains, the excess water gradually penetrates into the two guide grooves 7 opened on the surface of the planting layer 5. The inclined groove 8 guides the water flow to flow into the guide groove 7 in a certain direction by virtue of the inclined structure of the inclined groove 8. In addition, the arc-shaped drainage groove 6 is designed in an arc shape, so that the water can flow in an orderly manner on the surface of the arc-shaped drainage groove 6, and then the excess water is completely collected into the guide groove 7, thereby preparing for subsequent water diversion to a suitable treatment area.

[0029] Referring to Figures 2-3 The inside of the sedimentation tank 12 is provided with a recovery mechanism. The recovery mechanism includes a water outlet pipe 13 fixedly arranged in the inside of the sedimentation tank 12. One end of the water outlet pipe 13 penetrates through the ground 1 and extends outward of the ground 1. A conveying pipe 14 is fixedly arranged on one side of the water outlet pipe 13. A water pump 15 is fixedly arranged between the water outlet pipe 13 and the conveying pipe 14. A plurality of drip irrigation pipes 16 are penetratingly arranged on one side of the conveying pipe 14. After being filtered by the filter groove 9 and the filter screen box 10, the water flow flows into the sedimentation tank 12 at the bottom of the drainage groove 11 penetratingly arranged with the filter screen box 10 and arranged in an inclined manner by virtue of the action of gravity. In the sedimentation tank 12, the flow rate of the water flow is reduced due to the expansion of the space. A small amount of suspended particles and other impurities remaining in the water gradually settle to the bottom of the tank under the influence of gravity, so that the water flowing out of the sedimentation tank 12 is further purified to reach the water quality standard for subsequent recycling.

[0030] The water purified in the sedimentation tank 12 is used to provide power for the water when the plants on the surface of the planting layer 5 are short of water. After the water pump 15 is started, the water flows out through the water outlet pipe 13 fixedly arranged in the inside of the sedimentation tank 12, and then flows to the plurality of drip irrigation pipes 16 penetratingly arranged on one end of the conveying pipe 14. The drip irrigation pipes 16 can drip water to the vicinity of the roots of each plant in a slow and accurate manner, reduce the evaporation waste of the water during the conveying and irrigation process, and maximize the utilization efficiency of the water resources.

[0031] Referring to Figures 4-5The planting layer 5 is provided with a compaction net 17 on one side, the surfaces of the compaction net 17, the planting layer 5, the soil improvement layer 4 and the water-resisting layer 3 are all provided with fixing holes, the inside of the fixing holes is provided with an anchor rod 18 in a plug-in mode, one end of the anchor rod 18 is threadedly connected with a threaded cap 19, the inside of the filter screen box 10 is fixedly provided with a fine filter screen 20, the top of the fine filter screen 20 is fixedly provided with a fine sand layer 21, the top of the fine sand layer 21 is fixedly provided with a fine stone layer 22, the water flowing out of the water guide groove 7 of the planting layer 5 enters two filter grooves 9 provided on the surface of the ground 1, the filter screen box 10 plugged into the filter groove 9 filters the water, the fine stone layer 22 in the filter screen box 10 plays a certain supporting role and also assists in filtering the water, intercepting relatively large particles of silt and stone blocks in the water, then, the fine sand layer 21 further filters out fine silt and suspended particles in the water by virtue of the fine particle structure thereof, finally, the fine filter screen 20 filters out fine impurities in the water again, through the synergistic filtering effect of the three layers, impurities in the water are removed as much as possible, ensuring that the water flowing into the subsequent drainage groove 11 is relatively clear, when it is necessary to clean and replace the filter screen box 10, the threaded cap 19 is reversely rotated, the threaded cap 19 is withdrawn from the surface of the anchor rod 18, then the compaction net 17 is pulled outwards, the compaction net 17 is removed, then the filter screen box 10 is pulled upwards, the filter screen box 10 is withdrawn from the filter groove 9, and the filter screen box 10 can be replaced.

[0032] The compaction net 17 is arranged on one side of the planting layer 5, and can compact and stabilize the planting layer 5 and the soil improvement layer 4 below the planting layer 5; the surfaces of the compaction net 17, the planting layer 5, the soil improvement layer 4 and the water-resisting layer 3 are all provided with fixing holes; the anchor rod 18 is inserted into the fixing holes and is fixed by the threaded cap 19, so that the layers are further fixed on the slope 2; the anchor rod 18 is deeply inserted into the slope 2, and the friction and anchoring force between the anchor rod 18 and the slope 2 greatly enhance the adhesion and anti-sliding capacity of the ecological restoration system on the slope 2.

[0033] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0034] The utility model discloses a degraded mine ecological restoration system, and the whole device is built on the ground 1 and the side slope 2 of mine, the water-resisting layer 3 fixedly arranged on the surface of side slope 2 is as the first protective barrier, and its main purpose is to prevent excessive rainfall from infiltrating into the internal soil of side slope 2, by the good water-resisting performance, the water-resisting layer 3 can reduce the risk of landslide, collapse and other unstable conditions of side slope 2 due to the excessive water content, and lay a stable foundation condition for the subsequent other structures, the soil improvement layer 4 on the side of water-resisting layer 3 starts to play a role, the improvement material mixed with organic material and biochar in the soil improvement layer 4, the organic material can increase the organic matter content of soil after decomposition, the aggregation between soil particles is better, and the pore structure is more reasonable, so that a relatively suitable environment for the root growth of plants in the planting layer 5 is created for the root growth of plants in the planting layer 5,

[0035] The planting layer 5 is the key area for vegetation planting, and the herb, shrub and arbor suitable for growing in the harsh environment of mine are selected to be planted here, in the growth process of plants, the root system continuously extends and penetrates into the soil improvement layer 4 and deeper soil, on the one hand, the cohesion between soil particles is enhanced, and the overall erosion resistance of side slope 2 is improved, on the other hand, the stems and leaves of plants on the ground can buffer rainfall, reduce the kinetic energy of rainfall, and reduce the splash erosion caused by the direct impact of raindrops on soil, so that the water and soil are effectively maintained, and the slope soil is prevented from being washed away by rainwater in large quantities;

[0036] When encountering rainy weather, the excess water will gradually penetrate into the two flow guide grooves 7 opened on the surface of planting layer 5, the inclined groove 8 guides the water flow to converge into the flow guide groove 7 according to a certain direction by utilizing the inclined structure, and the arc-shaped drainage groove 6 is designed in an arc shape, so that the water can flow in an orderly manner on the surface of arc-shaped drainage groove 6, and then the excess water is completely converged into the flow guide groove 7, and the water is prepared to be guided to the appropriate treatment area;

[0037] The water flow from the diversion groove 7 of the planting layer 5 enters the two filter grooves 9 opened on the surface of the ground 1, and the filter screen box 10 inserted in the filter groove 9 filters the water flow. The fine stone layer 22 in the filter screen box 10 plays a supporting role and also assists in filtering the water flow. The relatively large particles of sand and gravel in the water flow are intercepted. Then, the fine sand layer 21 further filters the fine sand and suspended particles in the water by virtue of its fine and dense particle structure. Finally, the fine filter screen 20 filters the fine impurities in the water again. Through the synergistic filtering action of the three layers, impurities in the water flow are removed as much as possible to ensure that the water flowing into the subsequent drainage groove 11 is relatively clear. When it is necessary to clean and replace the filter screen box 10, the threaded cap 19 is rotated in the opposite direction to drive the threaded cap 19 to exit from the surface of the anchor rod 18. Then, the compacting net 17 is pulled outwards to drive the compacting net 17 to be removed. Then, the filter screen box 10 is pulled upwards to drive the filter screen box 10 to exit from the filter groove 9, and the filter screen box 10 can be replaced.

[0038] The water flow filtered through the filter groove 9 and the filter screen box 10 flows through the drainage groove 11 which is through the filter screen box 10 and is arranged in an inclined manner, and flows smoothly into the sedimentation tank 12 at the bottom of the drainage groove 11 under the action of gravity. In the sedimentation tank 12, the flow rate of the water flow decreases due to the expansion of the space. The remaining small amount of suspended particles and other impurities in the water gradually settle to the bottom under the influence of gravity, so that the water flowing out of the sedimentation tank 12 is further purified to reach the water quality standard for subsequent recycling.

[0039] When the plants on the surface of the planting layer 5 are short of water, the water pump 15 is started to provide power for the water, which flows out through the water outlet pipe 13 fixedly arranged in the sedimentation tank 12, and then flows to the plurality of drip irrigation pipes 16 arranged through one end of the conveying pipe 14. The drip irrigation pipes 16 can drip water slowly and accurately to the vicinity of the roots of each plant, reducing the evaporation and waste of water in the conveying and irrigation process, and maximizing the utilization efficiency of water resources.

[0040] The compacting net 17 is arranged on one side of the planting layer 5 and can compact and stabilize the planting layer 5 and the soil improvement layer 4 and the like below. The surfaces of the compacting net 17, the planting layer 5, the soil improvement layer 4 and the water-resistant layer 3 are all provided with fixing holes. The anchor rod 18 is inserted into these fixing holes and is fixed by screwing the threaded cap 19. The several layers of structure are further fixed firmly on the slope 2. The anchor rod 18 penetrates into the inside of the slope 2 and relies on the friction force and anchoring force generated between the anchor rod 18 and the soil of the slope 2 to greatly enhance the adhesion and anti-skid ability of the entire ecological restoration system on the slope surface 2.

[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so that: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Ecological restoration system of degraded mine, comprising a ground surface (1), characterized in that: One side of the ground (1) is fixedly provided with a slope (2), the surface of the slope (2) is fixedly provided with a waterproof layer (3), one side of the waterproof layer (3) is provided with a flow guide mechanism; The flow guide mechanism comprises a soil improvement layer (4) fixedly arranged on one side of the waterproof layer (3), one side of the soil improvement layer (4) is fixedly provided with a planting layer (5), the surface of the planting layer (5) is provided with an arc-shaped drainage groove (6), the surface of the planting layer (5) is provided with two flow guide grooves (7), the surface of the planting layer (5) is provided with two inclined grooves (8), the surface of the ground (1) is provided with two filter grooves (9), the inside of the two filter grooves (9) is insertedly provided with a filter screen box (10), and the inside of the ground (1) is provided with a drainage groove (11).

2. The degraded mine ecosystem remediation system of claim 1, wherein: The drainage groove (11) is arranged in an inclined manner, the drainage groove (11) is in communication with the filter screen box (10), the inside of the ground (1) is fixedly provided with a sedimentation tank (12), and the sedimentation tank (12) is arranged at the bottom of the drainage groove (11).

3. The degraded mine ecosystem remediation system of claim 2, wherein: The inside of the sedimentation tank (12) is provided with a recycling mechanism, the recycling mechanism comprises a water outlet pipe (13) fixedly arranged in the inside of the sedimentation tank (12), one end of the water outlet pipe (13) penetrates through the ground (1) and extends outwardly of the ground (1), and one side of the water outlet pipe (13) is throughly provided with a conveying pipe (14).

4. The degraded mine ecosystem remediation system of claim 3, wherein: The water pump (15) is fixedly arranged between the water outlet pipe (13) and the conveying pipe (14), and a plurality of drip irrigation pipes (16) are throughly arranged on one side of the conveying pipe (14).

5. The degraded mine ecosystem remediation system of claim 1, wherein: One side of the planting layer (5) is provided with a compaction net (17), the surfaces of the compaction net (17), the planting layer (5), the soil improvement layer (4) and the waterproof layer (3) are all provided with fixing holes, the inside of the fixing hole is insertedly provided with an anchor rod (18), and one end of the anchor rod (18) is threadedly connected with a threaded cap (19).

6. The degraded mine ecosystem remediation system of claim 1, wherein: The inside of the filter screen box (10) is fixedly provided with a fine filter screen (20), the top of the fine filter screen (20) is fixedly provided with a fine sand layer (21), and the top of the fine sand layer (21) is fixedly provided with a fine stone layer (22).

Images