Ammonia hydrogen production gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupled power generation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ammonia hydrogen production gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupled power generation device which comprises a liquid ammonia source, a delivery pump, a boiler, a gas turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia decomposition reactor, a combustor, a second gas compressor, a second turbine and a tail gas treatment unit. The delivery pump is respectively connected with the liquid ammonia source and an ammonia channel inlet of the ebullator; the ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly is respectively connected with a reaction channel inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor and an ammonia channel outlet of the ebullator; the gas turbine power generation assembly comprises a first power generator, a first gas compressor and a first turbine, a reaction channel outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor and a compressed gas outlet of the first gas compressor are respectively connected with a combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines, and the first turbine is respectively connected with a flue gas outlet of the combustor and the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines. According to the utility model, single ammonia fuel and working medium are adopted, and the comprehensive energy efficiency of ammonia energy reaches 80-85%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of generator or engine, concretely relates to a kind of ammonia hydrogen production gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling's power generation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the green low carbon, rich source and other characteristics of hydrogen energy, under the background of "double carbon" proposed by the country, ammonia energy is highly valued as the main fuel for hydrogen production. At present, when ammonia hydrogen production combustion generates electricity, there is incomplete combustion, and the tail gas heat energy directly causes environmental pollution and huge waste of heat energy, and the comprehensive energy efficiency utilization is extremely low.

[0003] At present, the thermal efficiency of gas turbine is usually 30-40%, due to the difference of working medium, the waste heat generated by gas turbine is difficult to apply on steam turbine, and the system formed by coupling gas turbine and steam turbine is relatively complex and occupies large volume. How to better simplify the coupling structure between gas turbine and steam turbine and promote the smooth development of carbon emission reduction work is a key problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, overcome the technical problems of low comprehensive energy efficiency of ammonia energy, complex system and other technical problems in the prior art, therefore, the utility model provides a kind of ammonia hydrogen production gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling's power generation device, adopts single ammonia fuel and working medium, so that the comprehensive energy efficiency of ammonia energy reaches 80~85%.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0006] A kind of ammonia hydrogen production gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling's power generation device, the power generation device includes liquid ammonia source, delivery pump, boiler, gas turbine power generation assembly, ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly, ammonia decomposition reactor, combustor, second compressor, second turbine and tail gas treatment unit;

[0007] The delivery pump inlet is connected with the liquid ammonia source, the delivery pump outlet is connected with the ammonia passage inlet of the boiler, and the ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly is connected with the reaction passage inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor and the ammonia passage outlet of the boiler respectively through pipelines;

[0008] The gas turbine power generation assembly comprises a first generator, a first compressor and a first turbine coaxially arranged, the first turbine is coaxially and drivingly connected with the rotor of the first generator; the outlet of the reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor and the compressed gas outlet of the first compressor are respectively connected with the combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines; the first turbine is respectively connected with the flue gas outlet of the combustor and the flue gas channel inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines, the flue gas channel outlet is connected with the second turbine, the second turbine is coaxially connected with the second compressor; the second compressor is connected with the first compressor through pipelines in series, and a intercooler is arranged on the series pipeline of the second compressor; the second turbine is connected with the tail gas channel inlet of the boiler through pipelines, and the tail gas channel outlet is connected with the tail gas treatment unit.

[0009] Further, the ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly comprises a third turbine and a second generator coaxially and drivingly connected with the third turbine, the third turbine is respectively connected with the ammonia channel outlet of the boiler and the reaction channel inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor through pipelines.

[0010] Further, the power generation device is further provided with an air compressor and a fuel bottle, the air compressor and the fuel bottle are respectively communicated with the combustion chamber of the combustor through pipelines.

[0011] Preferably, when the device is started, the compressed air provided by the air compressor and the fuel gas provided by the fuel bottle are simultaneously input into the combustor, when the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber of the combustor reaches the target process value, the gas turbine power generation assembly is driven to operate; when the reaction channel temperature of the ammonia decomposition reactor reaches the process value, and the temperature of the boiler also reaches the target process value, the delivery pump is started; when it is detected that the first generator starts to generate electricity, the air compressor is closed; when it is detected that the product gas stream flowing out of the ammonia decomposition reactor reaches the process value, the fuel bottle is closed.

[0012] Preferably, the fuel in the fuel bottle is combustible gas or volatile combustible liquid, which includes one or a mixture of several fuels of natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline, aviation coal.

[0013] Preferably, the reaction channel of the ammonia decomposition reactor is filled with iron-based catalyst and / or ruthenium-based catalyst, when the ammonia decomposition reactor is normally operated, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature in the ammonia decomposition reactor is 350-850℃, the ammonia space velocity is 1000-30000 m 3 h -1 , and the gas pressure in the reaction channel is 0.06-1.8MPa.

[0014] Further preferably, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature is 450-580 DEG C, and the ammonia space velocity is 5000-12000 m 3 h -1 The combustion chamber outlet gas temperature of the combustor is greater than or equal to 750 DEG C.

[0015] The technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] A. The ammonia steam turbine and the gas turbine in the device of the utility model only use single ammonia fuel, the hydrogen production reaction in the ammonia decomposition reactor is coupled to drive the gas turbine, the system complexity is greatly simplified, the temperature matching design of each component is achieved, the utilization efficiency of heat energy and kinetic energy is optimized, the heat generated in the combustion chamber of the combustor makes the high-temperature flue gas and the surrounding gas expand to drive the steam turbine to rotate, and the flue gas heat in the combustor is utilized three times in stages:

[0017] Firstly, the flue gas waste heat after the work of the first turbine is used to heat the materials in the ammonia decomposition reactor, and the reaction enthalpy change of the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production is increased without additional functions;

[0018] Secondly, the kinetic energy of the flue gas after cooling still drives the work of the second turbine, the principle of turbocharging is used to make the ambient air increase once, and the energy consumption of the high-pressure air compressor is saved;

[0019] Finally, the flue gas after the second cooling provides energy for the rapid gasification of liquid ammonia, so that the liquid ammonia forms an ammonia gas flow with kinetic energy in the boiler, and further drives the work of the ammonia steam turbine;

[0020] The utility model has high comprehensive energy efficiency, the efficiency for power generation can reach 50-70%, if the energy efficiency utilization of tail gas is combined, 80-85% can be further reached, and the use of zero-carbon ammonia fuel is beneficial to promote carbon emission reduction and helps to realize the carbon neutralization strategy of the country.

[0021] B. The device of the utility model is compact, the third turbine (ammonia) and the first turbine (gas) share a gas flow, the coupling structure is greatly simplified, and the reliability of the device is improved.

[0022] C. The device of the utility model provides an air compressor and a fuel bottle, when the device is in a stopped state and needs to be cold started, or in a standby state and needs to be changed to a normal operating state, the air compressor and the fuel bottle are used to start the whole device, until the combustor outlet gas temperature, the reaction channel temperature of the ammonia decomposition reactor, the reaction product flow and the temperature of the boiler all meet the target process requirements, the air compressor and the fuel bottle are controlled to be closed, the independent operation of the device is realized, and the first generator and the second generator can continuously output electric energy.

[0023] D.The utility model discloses still can directly replace the generator with kinetic energy load system, realize the output of kinetic energy and electric power, is suitable for large -scale mobile equipment such as ship, car and heavy -duty gas turbine, micro -gas turbine's power generation and cogeneration, and application is wide. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiment of the utility model, the drawings needed in the specific embodiment will be briefly introduced below, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor for the ordinary skilled in the art.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the device connection schematic drawing of the ammonia hydrogen gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling power generation provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is the device connection schematic drawing of the ammonia hydrogen gas turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling power generation provided by the utility model with starting device.

[0027] The meaning of identification in the drawing is as follows:

[0028] 1-liquid ammonia source;2-conveying pump;3-boiler, 3a-ammonia passage, 3b-tail gas passage;4-third turbine;5-ammonia decomposition reactor, 5a-reaction passage, 5b-flue gas passage;6-combustor;7-first compressor;8-first turbine;9-intercooler;10-second compressor;11-second turbine;12-tail gas treatment unit;13-second generator;14-first generator;15 ambient atmosphere source;16-air compressor;17-fuel bottle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical scheme of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings, and obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all the embodiment.Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0030] "Gas space velocity" is the technical term commonly used under the technical route of fixed bed reactor, refers to the volume of gas flowing through unit volume catalyst per unit time under standard condition, and its unit commonly used h -1 .

[0031] For example, the space velocity of the ammonia decomposition reactor is the volume of ammonia gas flowing through unit volume catalyst per unit time under standard condition, and its unit commonly used h Figure 1The utility model provides a kind of ammonia hydrogen production fuel gas double-shaft turbine and ammonia steam turbine coupling's power generation device, including liquid ammonia source 1, delivery pump 2, boiler 3, gas turbine power generation assembly, ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly, ammonia decomposition reactor 5, combustor 6, second compressor 10, second turbine 11 and tail gas treatment unit 12;Herein, liquid ammonia source 1 can be one or more liquid ammonia storage tank.Boiler 3 includes ammonia passage 3a and tail gas passage 3b, and ammonia decomposition reactor 5 includes reaction passage 5a and flue gas passage 5b. Delivery pump 2 import is connected by pipeline with liquid ammonia source 1, and delivery pump 2 export is connected by pipeline with the import of ammonia passage 3a of boiler 3, and ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly preferably includes third turbine 4 and second generator 13 coaxially driven connection with third turbine 4, and third turbine 4 is connected by pipeline with the export of ammonia passage 3a of boiler 3 and the import of reaction passage 5a of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 respectively.Gas turbine power generation assembly includes first generator 14 and coaxially arranged first compressor 7 and first turbine 8, and first turbine 8 is coaxially driven connection with the rotor of first generator 14, and first compressor 7 is kinetic energy transmission with first turbine 8, and the rotation axis of first turbine 8 and first compressor 7 can be driven by coaxial link, gear driving or track driving etc. Kinetic energy transmission mode, drive the rotor rotation of first generator 14, to make it generate electricity;The export of reaction passage 5a of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 and the compressed gas export of first compressor 7 are connected by pipeline with the combustion chamber of combustor 6 respectively;First turbine 8 is connected by pipeline with the flue gas export of combustor 6 and the import of flue gas passage 5b of ammonia decomposition reactor 5 respectively, and the export of flue gas passage 5b is connected with second turbine 11, and second turbine 11 is coaxially connected with second compressor 10;Second compressor 10 is connected by pipeline in series with first compressor 7, and intercooler 9 is arranged on the series pipeline thereof, and intercooler 9 can use air cooling, can also use other coolant cooling.In the field, intercooler is actually a kind of heat exchanger, and its main role is to cool the gas temperature at the outlet of low-pressure compressor, to facilitate the further compression of subsequent high-pressure compressor, improve overall gas compression ratio. First compressor 7 is coaxial with first turbine 8, and the shaft is hollow shaft;Second compressor 10 is coaxial with second turbine 11, and the shaft is the above-mentioned hollow shaft;The outlet gas pressure of second compressor 10 is less than the outlet gas pressure of first compressor 7. Second turbine 11 is connected by pipeline with the import of tail gas passage 3b of boiler 3, and the export of tail gas passage 3b is connected with tail gas treatment unit 12.

[0032] Specifically, the delivery pump 2 pumps liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia source 1 to the inlet of the ammonia passage 3a of the boiler 3 at a certain flow rate and flows out from the first outlet of the ammonia passage 3a of the boiler; the ammonia in the ammonia passage 3a of the boiler 3 is rapidly gasified to form gaseous ammonia with a certain pressure and kinetic energy; the gaseous ammonia enters the ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly to generate power; the ammonia steam flowing out of the third turbine 11 enters the inlet of the ammonia decomposition reaction passage 5a of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5, and is converted into product gas after the decomposition reaction in the reaction passage 5a and flows to the fuel gas inlet of the combustor 6; the second compressor 10 sucks in ambient air from the ambient air source 15, and the air flowing out of the second compressor 10 flows into the intercooler 9; the compressed air flowing out of the intercooler 9 flows into the first compressor 7; the compressed air flowing out of the first compressor 7 flows into the compressed air inlet of the combustor 6; the compressed air flowing out of the first compressor 7 and the product gas flowing out of the reaction passage 5a of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 are used as fuel, and the two are mixed and combusted in the combustor 6; the combustion product flue gas flowing out of the flue gas outlet of the combustor flows into the first turbine 8, and the flue gas flow drives the turbine blades to rotate, drives the rotating shaft of the first compressor 7 to rotate, and further drives the rotor of the first generator 14 to generate power.

[0033] The flue gas flowing out of the first turbine 8 flows into the inlet of the flue gas passage 5b of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5, heats the materials in the reaction passage 5a, and the flue gas flowing out of the flue gas passage 5b of the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 enters the second turbine 11, drives the blades of the second compressor 10 and the second turbine 11 to rotate, and makes the second compressor 10 and the second turbine 11 suck in air from the environment, input the air into the combustor 6 after the air passes through the second compressor, the intercooler and the first compressor, and mix the air with the product gas flowing out of the reaction passage 5a.

[0034] The flue gas flowing out of the second turbine 11 enters the flue gas passage 3b of the boiler 3, heats the liquid ammonia in the ammonia passage 3a of the boiler 3, and the gas flowing out of the ammonia passage 3a of the boiler 3 enters the third turbine 4, drives the blades of the third turbine 4 to rotate, drives the rotating shaft of the third turbine 4 to rotate, and further drives the rotor of the second generator 13 to generate power; the flue gas flowing out of the flue gas passage 3b of the boiler 3 enters the tail gas treatment unit 12 for treatment.

[0035] The process conditions of the device in the continuous working state are as follows:

[0036] The ammonia decomposition reactor 5 uses a fixed bed reactor technical route, that is, the ammonia decomposition reaction catalyst is filled in the reaction passage 5a in the form of a fixed bed layer, and the temperature of the catalyst in the reaction passage 5a is mainly controlled by the flue gas entering the flue gas passage 5b; the ammonia decomposition reaction catalyst is preferably an iron-based catalyst or a ruthenium-based catalyst, or the two types of catalysts are mixed and filled; after the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 runs stably, the reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature is 350-850o C, preferably 450-580 o C; the space velocity of the ammonia gas in the reaction channel 5a is 1000-30000 m 3 h -1 , preferably 5000-12000 m 3 h -1 The mass flow rate of the ammonia gas entering the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 can be calculated from the catalyst loading and the target space velocity; the gas pressure in the reaction channel 5a is between 0.06-1.8 MPa; after the ammonia gas flows through the ammonia decomposition catalyst, it is converted into decomposition products to obtain hydrogen and nitrogen, wherein the conversion rate of the ammonia gas is greater than 98.0%.

[0037] The burner 6 contains an ignition device; after successful ignition and stable operation of the device at a suitable fuel flow rate and air flow rate, the flow rate of the compressed air is 1-40 times the flow rate of the ammonia gas flowing into the ammonia decomposition reactor; whether the combustion state meets the process conditions is judged by whether the outlet gas temperature of the burner is continuously not lower than 750 o C, and the working temperature of the boiler 3 in the utility model is between 70-400℃.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2 , as a further preferred embodiment of the utility model, an air compressor 16 and a fuel bottle 17 are provided in the power generation device, which are in communication with the combustion chamber of the burner 6 through pipelines. When the power generation device needs to be cold started in the stop state or needs to be changed to the normal operation state in the standby state, the air compressor 16 and the fuel bottle 17 need to be operated, so that the power generation device reaches the normal operation condition and then the air compressor 16 and the fuel bottle 17 are closed. The specific starting operation method is as follows:

[0039] The air compressor 16 is opened, and the fuel bottle 17 is started, so that the compressed air and the fuel gas enter the burner 6 at the same time, are mixed, ignited and combusted, and then the flue gas temperature reaches the target process value, and the first turbine 8 starts to rotate; the tail gas of the first turbine 8 enters the inlet of the flue gas passage 5b, and when the temperature in the reaction channel 5a in the ammonia decomposition reactor 5 reaches the process value and the temperature of the boiler 3 also reaches the target process value, the delivery pump 2 is started to make the liquid ammonia flow out of the liquid ammonia source 1 and further flow; when it is detected that the first generator 14 starts to generate electricity, the air compressor 16 is closed or disconnected from the device, at this time the air source is switched to the environment air source 15; when it is detected that the product gas flow from the reaction channel 5a reaches the process value, the fuel bottle 17 is closed or disconnected from the device; thereafter the power generation device can be continuously operated, and the first generator 14 and the second generator 13 can continuously output electric energy. The fuel bottle 17 contains combustible gas or volatile combustible liquid, such as natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline, aviation fuel, etc., which can stably combust in air, or a mixture or combination of these fuels.

[0040] In addition, it is also possible to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first generator 14 is replaced by a kinetic load system. The kinetic load system can be a flywheel, propeller, power gear or other components that can drive the machine to obtain kinetic energy. It can realize the output of kinetic energy and electricity, and is suitable for use in large mobile equipment such as ships and automobiles. Of course, it can also be used for power generation and cogeneration of heavy-duty gas turbines and micro gas turbines. The micro gas turbines are 30-500Kw and the heavy-duty gas turbines are 30-400MW.

[0041] Any aspects not covered in this utility model are applicable to the prior art.

[0042] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A power generation device coupling an ammonia-to-hydrogen gas twin-shaft turbine and an ammonia steam turbine, characterized in that, The power generation device comprises a liquid ammonia source (1), a delivery pump (2), a boiler (3), a gas turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly, an ammonia decomposition reactor (5), a burner (6), a second compressor (10), a second turbine (11) and a tail gas treatment unit (12). The delivery pump (2) is connected with the liquid ammonia source (1) at the inlet, and the outlet of the delivery pump (2) is connected with the ammonia passage (3a) of the boiler (3) at the inlet, and the ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly is connected with the reaction passage (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) at the inlet and the ammonia passage (3a) of the boiler (3) at the outlet through pipelines respectively. The gas turbine power generation assembly comprises a first generator (14), and a first compressor (7) and a first turbine (8) coaxially arranged, and the first turbine (8) is coaxially and drivingly connected with the rotor of the first generator (14); the reaction passage (5a) outlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) and the compressed gas outlet of the first compressor (7) are connected with the combustion chamber of the burner (6) through pipelines respectively; the first turbine (8) is connected with the flue gas outlet of the burner (6) and the flue gas passage (5b) inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) through pipelines respectively, the flue gas passage (5b) outlet is connected with the second turbine (11), and the second turbine (11) is coaxially connected with the second compressor (10); the second compressor (10) is connected with the first compressor (7) through a pipeline in series, and a intercooler (9) is arranged on the pipeline in series, the second turbine (11) is connected with the tail gas passage (3b) inlet of the boiler (3) through a pipeline, and the tail gas passage (3b) outlet is connected with the tail gas treatment unit (12).

2. The dual shaft turbine coupled to an ammonia steam turbine for power generation of claim 1, wherein, The ammonia steam turbine power generation assembly comprises a third turbine (4) and a second generator (13) coaxially and drivingly connected with the third turbine (4), and the third turbine (4) is connected with the ammonia passage (3a) outlet of the boiler (3) and the reaction passage (5a) inlet of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) through pipelines respectively.

3. The dual shaft turbine coupled to an ammonia steam turbine power plant of claim 2, wherein, The power generation device is further provided with an air compressor (16) and a fuel bottle (17), and the air compressor (16) and the fuel bottle (17) are communicated with the combustion chamber of the burner (6) through pipelines respectively.

4. The dual shaft turbine coupled to an ammonia steam turbine power plant of claim 3, wherein, The fuel in the fuel bottle (17) is combustible gas or volatile combustible liquid, which comprises one or a mixture of several fuels selected from natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, propanol, gasoline and aviation fuel.

5. The dual shaft turbine generator of claim 1-4, wherein, The reaction channel (5a) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is filled with an iron-based catalyst and / or a ruthenium-based catalyst. During normal operation, the ammonia decomposition reaction temperature in the ammonia decomposition reactor (5) is 350–850°C, and the ammonia space velocity is 1000–30000 m / s. 3 h -1 The gas pressure in the reaction channel (5a) is between 0.06 and 1.8 MPa.

6. The dual shaft turbine coupled to an ammonia steam turbine power plant of claim 5, wherein, The ammonia decomposition reaction temperature is 450-580℃, and the ammonia air speed is 5000-12000 m 3 h -1 The gas temperature at the outlet of the combustion chamber of the burner (6) is ≥750℃.

Images