Light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of renewable energy comprehensive utilization integrated systems, in particular to a light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas. The system comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal utilization module, an energy storage module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module, a gaseous hydrogen storage module, a gaseous oxygen storage module, a fuel cell module and a heat energy management module, by organically combining solar energy comprehensive utilization, energy storage, electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen and oxygen storage and transportation, fuel cell power generation and waste heat recovery, an efficient multi-energy cooperative utilization system is constructed, and the utilization efficiency of solar energy is remarkably improved by coupling a photovoltaic photo-thermal system. By means of a collaborative linkage mechanism among various energy carriers such as electricity, hydrogen and heat, efficient conversion and storage of electric energy, heat energy and hydrogen energy are achieved to the maximum extent, energy waste is avoided, efficient conversion and storage of electric energy, hydrogen energy and heat energy are achieved, and the device is particularly suitable for high-cold and high-altitude areas lack of traditional energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of renewable energy comprehensive utilization integrated system, and specifically relates to a light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold high-altitude areas. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for renewable energy worldwide, solar energy as a clean energy has been widely used in various energy systems. However, in high-cold high-altitude areas, due to the geographical conditions of low temperature and oxygen deficiency, the traditional solar photovoltaic system faces challenges such as poor power supply stability and difficult operation and maintenance; in addition, the single photovoltaic power generation system has low utilization efficiency of solar energy and serious energy waste. Therefore, it is urgent to find a more efficient, flexible and stable energy utilization system solution.

[0003] The integrated energy system can couple multiple energy units to realize the coordination and complementary advantages of different energy carriers, thereby improving the system efficiency; in addition, the storage and transfer of energy at different time scales also enhance the flexibility of the system.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN 218642846 U proposes a hydrogen production technology by renewable electric energy electrolysis of water and solid-state hydrogen storage technology, thereby realizing the combined supply of electricity, heat, hydrogen and oxygen, but it does not fully utilize the solar thermal energy, and the overall efficiency of the system is limited. In addition, the solid-state hydrogen storage technology is currently less mature, has high cost and needs to rely on external electric energy or heat energy for hot start, increasing the energy demand and operating cost of the system.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN 118920520 A proposes to couple renewable energy with high-cost proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production (PEM) and carbon capture to produce methanol storage, and further convert it into various energy forms to meet different needs. However, this system directly integrates photovoltaic and wind power generation into a microgrid, which has weak power peak shaving capability and poor system economy.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose new technical solutions to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold high-altitude areas.

[0008] To solve the technical problem, the solution of the utility model is:

[0009] The application provides a light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas, which comprises a photovoltaic light heat utilization module, an energy storage module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module, a gaseous hydrogen storage module, a gaseous oxygen storage module, a fuel cell module and a heat energy management module.

[0010] The power output end of the photovoltaic light heat utilization module is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables respectively, and the energy storage module is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production module through a cable; the hydrogen production port of the electrolytic hydrogen production module is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell module through pipelines in sequence, and the oxygen production port is connected to the gaseous oxygen storage module through a pipeline; the air compressor is connected to the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell module through a pipeline, and the power output end of the fuel cell module is connected to an external load and the energy storage module through a cable.

[0011] The heat energy management module comprises a waste heat recovery device and a heat storage device, the waste heat recovery device is connected to the photovoltaic light heat utilization module and the fuel cell module through heat exchange medium pipelines respectively, and the heat energy generated during the operation of the photovoltaic light heat utilization module and the fuel cell module is recovered and stored in the heat storage device; the heat storage device is connected to an external heating device, the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through heat exchange medium pipelines respectively, and the heat energy is supplied to the external heating device while the heat energy is supplemented to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module.

[0012] As an improved scheme, the gaseous hydrogen storage module is connected to an external hydrogen equipment and the fuel cell module through a pipeline, and the gaseous oxygen storage module is connected to an external oxygen equipment through a pipeline.

[0013] As an improved scheme, the photovoltaic light heat utilization module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components and a solar heat collecting device; wherein the photovoltaic components are connected to an electric energy distribution unit through a maximum power point tracking device, the power output end of the electric energy distribution unit is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables respectively; the heat collecting plate in the solar heat collecting device is connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline.

[0014] As an improved scheme, the energy storage module is a plurality of lithium battery groups equipped with charge and discharge management units, and the jackets of the lithium battery groups are connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through heat exchange medium pipelines.

[0015] As an improved scheme, the electrolytic hydrogen production module is an anion exchange membrane electrolysis device, a cathode region, an anode region and an anion exchange membrane are arranged in the cavity of the electrolysis device, a hydrogen production port and an oxygen production port are arranged at the top of the cavity of the cathode region and the anode region respectively; a preheating device is arranged on the water inlet pipeline of the electrolysis device, and the preheating device is connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline.

[0016] As an improved scheme, the gaseous hydrogen storage module comprises a plurality of gaseous hydrogen storage tanks and conveying pipelines, a hydrogen leakage sensor and a control device; the gaseous oxygen storage module comprises a plurality of gaseous oxygen storage tanks and conveying pipelines and a control device; temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on the tank bodies and the pipelines of the two modules, and control valves with actuators are arranged on the pipelines; the sensors and the valves are respectively connected to the corresponding control devices through signal lines.

[0017] As an improved scheme, the fuel cell module is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the cell stack is composed of a plurality of single cells connected in series; the single cell comprises a proton exchange membrane, an electrode and a bipolar plate, the hydrogen inlet is connected with the gaseous hydrogen storage module, and the oxygen inlet is connected with external air through an air compressor; the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is converted into alternating current through an inverter, and is supplied to an external load or stored in an energy storage module through a power output end connected with the inverter; the jacket of each single cell is connected with a heat storage device of a heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline.

[0018] As an improved scheme, the heat storage device in the heat energy management module comprises a heat storage tank with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, and a heat exchanger structure is arranged in the tank; the heat exchanger structure is connected with two heat conduction medium pipelines, which are respectively used for connecting the heat collecting plate in the photovoltaic light and heat utilization module and the jacket of each single cell in the fuel cell module; the tank body of the heat storage tank is connected with at least three external circulation pipelines, which are respectively used for heating the energy storage module, the electrolytic hydrogen production module and external heating equipment.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has following significant technical effects:

[0020] 1、The utility model discloses a solar comprehensive utilization, energy storage, electrolytic hydrogen production, hydrogen and oxygen storage and transportation, fuel cell power generation and waste heat recovery are organically combined, and a high -efficient light -electricity -hydrogen -oxygen -heat multi -energy collaborative utilization system suitable for high -altitude cold region is constructed.

[0021] 2、The system is based on low -cost gaseous hydrogen storage and anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen (AEM) technology, and through multi -energy collaborative conversion, efficient storage and comprehensive utilization, the efficient utilization of solar energy is realized, the multiple needs of electric power, hydrogen, oxygen and heat energy can be met simultaneously, the system has higher system reliability and stability, and is especially suitable for energy supply demand in high -altitude cold region.

[0022] 3. The system has high energy utilization efficiency: through the cooperation of photovoltaic power generation, concentrator heating and multi-module, the efficient conversion and storage of electric energy, thermal energy and hydrogen energy are realized to the greatest extent, energy waste is avoided, and efficient conversion and storage of electric energy, hydrogen energy and thermal energy are realized.

[0023] 4. The system is green and environmentally friendly: zero carbon emission during system operation, by-product is only oxygen and hot water, which meets the carbon neutralization target; by using clean energy to produce hydrogen, the traditional fossil energy hydrogen production process can be replaced, and the carbon footprint is further reduced.

[0024] 5. The system has significant economic efficiency: using solar energy to produce hydrogen and generate electricity not only reduces dependence on fossil energy, but also effectively saves operating costs; using AEM with low cost and high response to produce hydrogen and gaseous hydrogen storage saves equipment cost; recycling of waste heat further improves economic efficiency and reduces additional energy demand.

[0025] 6. The system has diversified functions: it integrates power supply, hydrogen production, heat supply and oxygen supply functions, and can meet the energy demand in distributed energy stations, industrial parks and residential communities, and is especially suitable for high-cold and high-altitude areas with traditional energy shortage.

[0026] 7. The system has strong applicability: through modular design, the system can be flexibly adjusted according to demand to meet different power and heat demand, and is easy to expand and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the light-electric-hydrogen-oxygen-thermal energy utilization system in the utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the heat energy conversion path of the heat energy management module.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the system implementation mode with Tibet region as the application background. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the utility model and its advantages, the utility model will be described in detail in combination with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the utility model and their characteristics can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0031] First part of the implementation scheme of the utility model

[0032] As shown in Figure 1 , the light-electric-hydrogen-oxygen-thermal energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas includes a photovoltaic light-heat utilization module, an energy storage module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module, a gaseous hydrogen storage module, a gaseous oxygen storage module, a fuel cell module and a heat energy management module.

[0033] The power output end of the photovoltaic photothermal utilization module is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables, and the energy storage module is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production module through a cable; the hydrogen production port of the electrolytic hydrogen production module is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell module in sequence through pipelines, and the oxygen production port is connected to the gaseous oxygen storage module through a pipeline; the air compressor is connected to the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell module through a pipeline, and the power output end of the fuel cell module is connected to an external load and the energy storage module through a cable; the heat energy management module includes a waste heat recovery device and a heat storage device, and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the photovoltaic photothermal utilization module and the fuel cell module through heat exchange medium pipelines to recover and store the heat energy generated by the operation of the photovoltaic photothermal utilization module and the fuel cell module to the heat storage device; the heat storage device is connected to an external heating device, the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through heat exchange medium pipelines to provide heat energy supplement for the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module while supplying heat to the external heating device.

[0034] The photovoltaic photothermal utilization module includes a plurality of photovoltaic components and a solar heat collecting device; wherein the photovoltaic components are connected to an electric energy distribution unit through a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device, and the electric power output end of the electric energy distribution unit is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables. The heat collecting plate in the solar heat collecting device is connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline. The photovoltaic components convert solar energy into electric energy and divide it into two parts: hydrogen production electricity, which provides electric energy for the electrolytic hydrogen production module to generate hydrogen and oxygen through a water electrolysis reaction; and energy storage standby, which stores excess electric energy in the energy storage module to meet the system operation requirements under low light conditions. The solar heat collecting device generates heat energy by capturing the heat of solar radiation and stores it in the heat energy management module. Preferably, the solar heat collecting device and the heat storage device are connected through a heat conducting medium pipeline and are provided with a heat regulating valve, and the heat energy generated by the heat storage device can be preferentially supplied to the AEM electrolysis module to reduce external electric energy consumption and improve the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0035] The energy storage module is a plurality of lithium battery groups equipped with charge and discharge management units, which are used to store excess electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation, and release electric energy to provide continuous power supply support for the system when the load demand of the electrolytic hydrogen production module increases or photovoltaic power generation is insufficient. The jacket of each lithium battery group is connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline. The charge and discharge management unit is used to control the charge and discharge process of the battery and ensure stable supply of electric energy to the system.

[0036] The electrolytic hydrogen production module is an anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis device mainly composed of an electrolytic cell (including cathode and anode electrodes and an anion exchange membrane) and an auxiliary BOP system (including a gas-liquid separation system and a purification system) for decomposing water into high-purity hydrogen and oxygen under the action of electric energy. The electrolytic cell has a cathode zone, an anode zone and an anion exchange membrane in the cavity, and a hydrogen production port and an oxygen production port are respectively arranged at the top of the cavity of the cathode zone and the anode zone. A preheating device is arranged on the water inlet pipeline of the electrolysis device, and the preheating device is connected to the heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline. Preferably, the electrolytic cavity of the AEM electrolysis device is made of a corrosion-resistant composite material to improve the separation efficiency and purity of hydrogen and oxygen to meet the demand for high-purity hydrogen and oxygen in the hydrogen and oxygen using section. An efficient anion exchange membrane is arranged inside the cavity for efficient migration and reaction separation of OH-ions to ensure the high purity of the generated gas. The preheating device is used to preheat the input water or dilute alkali solution to reduce the electrolysis energy consumption and improve the reaction efficiency. The hydrogen generated by the electrolysis reaction is sent to the gaseous hydrogen storage module through a sealed delivery pipeline and then to the fuel cell module.

[0037] The gaseous hydrogen storage module is mainly used for storing hydrogen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module and is connected to external hydrogen using equipment and the fuel cell module through a pipeline. The gaseous oxygen storage module is mainly used for storing oxygen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module and is connected to external oxygen using equipment through a pipeline. Specifically, the gaseous hydrogen storage module includes a plurality of gaseous hydrogen storage tanks, a delivery pipeline, a hydrogen leakage sensor and a control device. The gaseous oxygen storage module includes a plurality of gaseous oxygen storage tanks, a delivery pipeline and a control device. Temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on each tank body and pipeline of the two modules, and control valves with actuators are arranged on the pipelines. Each sensor and valve is connected to the corresponding control device through a signal line. Preferably, the gaseous hydrogen storage tank can be selected as a type III hydrogen tank, which has an aluminum liner and is wrapped with a modified carbon fiber composite material in a ring shape. It can adapt to low-temperature and high-pressure environments and ensure the safety and stability of hydrogen during storage. The tank has a long service life and low maintenance cost, and is suitable for use in high-cold and high-altitude areas. The oxygen delivery pipeline is connected to external oxygen supply equipment, and the generated oxygen can be used for medical, industrial or household oxygen supply scenarios to increase the added value.

[0038] The fuel cell module is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the cell stack thereof is composed of a plurality of single cells connected in series; the single cell comprises a proton exchange membrane, an electrode and a bipolar plate, a hydrogen inlet thereof is connected with a hydrogen storage tank of the gaseous hydrogen storage module, and an oxygen inlet thereof is connected with an external air through an air compressor to obtain oxygen from the external air and filter and regulate the oxygen so as to improve the working efficiency of the fuel cell. When the fuel cell operates, hydrogen and oxygen are converted into electric energy through an electrochemical reaction, the electric energy is converted into alternating current by an inverter, and then is output to an external load through a power output end of the inverter as needed, and the remaining electric energy is recovered to the energy storage module; the jacket of each single cell is connected with a heat storage device of the heat energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline to recover waste heat generated by the operation of the cell.

[0039] The heat storage device in the heat energy management module comprises a heat storage tank with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, and a heat exchanger structure is arranged in the tank; two heat conduction medium pipelines connected with the heat exchanger structure are used for connecting the heat collecting plate in the photovoltaic light-heat utilization module and the jacket of each single cell in the fuel cell module respectively, and the recovered heat is transported to the heat storage device by using the heat conduction medium; the tank body of the heat storage tank is connected with at least three external circulation pipelines, and the pipelines supply heat to the energy storage module, the electrolytic hydrogen production module and an external heating device by using another heat exchange medium. Preferably, the shell of the heat storage tank is wrapped with a plurality of layers of heat insulation materials, and a heat conduction medium pipeline is arranged in the shell; and the heat conduction medium in the tank body is used for storing excess heat and supplying heat to the system as needed.

[0040] The above modules are connected with each other through a circuit, a pipeline and a heat energy transmission system, and high-efficiency collaborative operation is realized. Therefore, the system is suitable for distributed energy stations, industrial parks, hospitals and energy demand scenes in high-cold and high-altitude regions, and stable power, hydrogen, oxygen and heat energy supply can be provided through linkage of the multi-energy modules.

[0041] The second part is a specific example

[0042] Example 1

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, the utility model provides a kind of light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold high-altitude region, mainly includes: photovoltaic light-heat utilization module 1, energy storage module 2, electrolytic hydrogen production module 3, gaseous hydrogen storage module 4, gaseous oxygen storage module 5, fuel cell module 6 and heat energy management module 7.Each module is connected with each other through a circuit, a pipeline and a heat energy transmission system, and collaborates to realize the multi-energy collaborative conversion and efficient utilization of solar energy.

[0044] The photovoltaic-thermal utilization module 1 is composed of several photovoltaic assemblies and a solar heat collecting device. The photovoltaic assemblies are connected to an electric energy distribution unit through a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device for efficient conversion of solar energy into direct current. The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic-thermal utilization module 1 is divided into two parts by the distribution unit: one part is directly delivered to the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 to drive the water electrolysis reaction; the other part is stored in the energy storage module 2 to supplement the electric energy demand when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient. The solar heat collecting device captures solar radiation heat through a heat collecting plate and stores the heat energy into a heat storage device of the heat energy management module 7. The heat energy in the heat storage device can be supplied to the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 through a heat regulating valve to reduce the electrolysis energy consumption and improve the overall energy efficiency.

[0045] The energy storage module 2 adopts a lithium battery pack equipped with a charge and discharge management unit to monitor the energy storage state in real time and dynamically adjust the electric energy output according to the load demand of the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 to ensure continuous operation of the system.

[0046] The electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 adopts an AEM electrolysis device mainly used for decomposing water into high-purity hydrogen and oxygen. Specifically, it includes an electrolysis cavity with a cathode zone, an anode zone and a high-efficiency anion exchange membrane inside for isolating hydrogen and oxygen and ensuring efficient migration of OH- ions; a water inlet device and a preheating system, water is delivered to the inside of the cavity by a water pump and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium provided by the heat energy management module 7 through a spiral preheating device to generate preheated water to reduce the electrolysis energy consumption; hydrogen and oxygen outlets, the top of the cavity is respectively provided with a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet, the generated hydrogen enters the gaseous hydrogen storage module 4 through a delivery pipeline, and the oxygen enters the gaseous oxygen storage module 5 through a pipeline. The operation process of the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 is as follows: the water pump delivers the treated water to the electrolysis cavity, and after preheating, it enters the cathode zone to generate hydrogen and OH- ions under the action of electric energy; OH- ions migrate to the anode zone through the anion exchange membrane, release electrons at the anode and generate oxygen and water; hydrogen and oxygen are delivered to the gaseous hydrogen storage module 4 and the gaseous oxygen storage module 5 through pipelines.

[0047] The gaseous hydrogen storage module 4 includes a gaseous hydrogen storage tank, a delivery pipeline, a hydrogen leakage sensor and a control device, mainly used for storing hydrogen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 and delivering hydrogen to the fuel cell module 6 or external hydrogen equipment according to demand. The gaseous hydrogen storage tank adopts a type III hydrogen tank, which adopts an aluminum inner container and a modified low-temperature-resistant carbon fiber resin composite material ring winding, capable of bearing high pressure. The hydrogen leakage sensor is installed at a reasonable position above the gaseous hydrogen storage tank to detect and alarm hydrogen leakage, ensuring the safety and stability of hydrogen during storage, suitable for high-cold and high-altitude areas.

[0048] The gaseous oxygen storage module 5 includes a gaseous oxygen storage tank, a delivery pipeline and corresponding control devices, and its main function is to store the oxygen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 and deliver it as needed. The gaseous oxygen storage tank can be delivered to external oxygen supply equipment through the pipeline, or directly supplied to industrial oxygen demand. The oxygen storage tank supports parallel expansion design, which is convenient for adjusting the storage capacity according to actual needs.

[0049] The fuel cell module 6 adopts proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which is used to convert hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy and heat energy through electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell stack is composed of a plurality of single cells connected in series, and the single cell includes a proton exchange membrane, an electrode and a bipolar plate. The hydrogen inlet is connected with the hydrogen storage tank, and the oxygen inlet is connected with external air through an air compressor. Hydrogen releases electrons in the cathode and generates H+ions; H+ions migrate to the anode through the proton exchange membrane and react with oxygen to generate water, while releasing electrical energy. The electrical energy is converted into alternating current by an inverter and supplied to external loads or stored in the energy storage module 2. The waste heat generated during operation is delivered to the heat energy management module 7 through the heat energy pipeline.

[0050] The heat energy management module 7 includes a waste heat recovery device and a heat storage device, which is used to recover and reuse the heat energy in the system operation. As shown in Figure 2 The heat energy management module 7 includes a waste heat recovery device and a heat storage device, which is used to recover and reuse the heat energy in the system operation. As shown in

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment takes the high-cold and high-altitude environment and energy demand in Tibet as the background, and provides a specific implementation scheme of the energy comprehensive utilization system described in embodiment 1. The system includes a photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module 1, an energy storage module 2, an electrolytic hydrogen production module 3, a gaseous hydrogen storage module 4, a gaseous oxygen storage module 5, a fuel cell module 6 and a heat energy management module 7. Each module cooperates in the operation between the solar energy comprehensive utilization area, the industrial area and the application area, so as to realize the efficient production and utilization of clean energy.

[0053] The photovoltaic-photothermal utilization module 1 can be located in a high-illumination area in a plateau region, and a high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic assembly is installed. The layout of the module fully considers the sunshine characteristics in the plateau region. The photovoltaic assembly is optimized in real time by a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) device to output electric energy. The generated electric energy can be directly transmitted to the energy storage module 2 according to the demand, or can be supplied to the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 to ensure the power demand of the hydrogen production and oxygen production reaction. The solar heat collecting device captures solar radiation heat through a heat collecting plate. The heat is transmitted to the heat energy management module 7 for further storage and supply to the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 to improve the electrolysis efficiency and reduce the energy consumption.

[0054] The energy storage module 2 adopts a high-efficiency lithium battery pack, which is generally located between the solar comprehensive utilization area and the industrial area to facilitate the adjustment of electric energy distribution and meet the power demand in different periods. It can provide power for the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3; or provide peak shaving power when the illumination is insufficient or at night to ensure the continuity of system operation.

[0055] The electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 adopts an AEM water electrolysis device, which is generally located in the industrial area and directly connected with the energy storage module 2 to provide power support for hydrogen production and oxygen production. The operation mode of the module is as follows: water is delivered to the electrolysis cavity by a water pump and preheated to an appropriate temperature by a heat exchange device provided by the heat energy management module 7 to reduce the energy consumption of the electrolysis reaction; in the electrolysis cavity, water generates oxygen in the anode area and hydrogen in the cathode area, and anion exchange membrane ensures the efficient migration of OH-ions; hydrogen and oxygen are delivered to the gaseous hydrogen storage module 4 and the gaseous oxygen storage module 5, respectively, through independent pipelines.

[0056] The gaseous hydrogen storage module 4 is located in the industrial area and is composed of a gaseous hydrogen storage tank, a delivery pipeline, a hydrogen leakage sensor and a control device. The hydrogen storage tank adopts a type III hydrogen tank, which has an aluminum inner container and is circumferentially wound with a modified low-temperature-resistant carbon fiber resin composite material, can withstand high pressure and has good low-temperature resistance. The high-purity hydrogen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 is compressed by a compressor and stored in the hydrogen storage tank. The tank body is equipped with a pressure monitoring and safety valve device, and a hydrogen leakage sensor is installed 1 m above the hydrogen storage tank to detect and alarm hydrogen leakage in time to ensure storage safety. The stored hydrogen can be supplied to plateau hydrogen energy vehicles through a hydrogen delivery pipeline to reduce carbon emissions in the logistics transportation link.

[0057] The gaseous oxygen storage module 5 is located in the industrial area and directly connected with the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 for storage and supply of high-purity oxygen. The high-purity oxygen generated by the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3 is compressed by a compressor and stored in an oxygen storage bottle. The bottle body is equipped with a pressure monitoring and safety valve device to ensure storage safety. The oxygen storage bottle can be delivered to the oxygen supply station of the tourist service area, the operation and maintenance center and the residential area to provide centralized oxygen supply services for tourists, operation and maintenance personnel and local residents.

[0058] The fuel cell module 6 is located in the industrial area, adopts a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and mainly functions to perform an electrochemical reaction on hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank and oxygen in external air compressed by an air compressor to convert into electric energy and heat energy. The hydrogen and the oxygen enter a fuel cell stack through delivery pipelines respectively, and the reaction generates electric energy, water and heat energy; the electric energy is converted into alternating current by an inverter, a part of which is delivered to the application area for power supply, and the other part is returned to the industrial area for use; the heat energy generated in the reaction is stored to a heat storage device through a waste heat recovery device of the heat energy management module 7.

[0059] The heat energy management module 7 recycles and reuses the heat energy generated by the system through the waste heat recovery device and the heat storage device. The heat storage device can be installed around the industrial area, adopts a heat storage tank with high-efficiency heat insulation materials, an internal heat exchanger and a heat conduction medium pipeline, and the heat sources include a solar heat collector and waste heat of the fuel cell recovered through the waste heat recovery device; the heat storage device delivers the heat energy to the electrolytic hydrogen production module 3, the energy storage module 2 and the application area through a heat pipeline.

Claims

1. A high-cold high-altitude area-oriented light-electric-hydrogen-oxygen-thermal energy utilization system, characterized in that, The system comprises a photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module, an energy storage module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module, a gaseous hydrogen storage module, a gaseous oxygen storage module, a fuel cell module and a thermal energy management module. The power output end of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables, and the energy storage module is connected to the electrolytic hydrogen production module through a cable; the hydrogen production port of the electrolytic hydrogen production module is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage module and the fuel cell module through pipelines in sequence, and the oxygen production port is connected to the gaseous oxygen storage module through a pipeline; the air compressor is connected to the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell module through a pipeline, and the power output end of the fuel cell module is connected to an external load and the energy storage module through a cable. The thermal energy management module comprises a waste heat recovery device and a heat storage device, and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module and the fuel cell module through heat exchange medium pipelines to recover and store the thermal energy generated by the operation of the photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module and the fuel cell module to the heat storage device; the heat storage device is connected to an external heating device, the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through heat exchange medium pipelines to provide heat energy supplement for the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module while supplying heat to the external heating device.

2. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaseous hydrogen storage module is connected to an external hydrogen equipment and the fuel cell module through a pipeline, and the gaseous oxygen storage module is connected to an external oxygen equipment through a pipeline.

3. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic components and a solar heat collecting device; wherein the photovoltaic components are connected to an electric energy distribution unit through a maximum power point tracking device, and the electric energy distribution unit is connected to the energy storage module and the electrolytic hydrogen production module through cables; the heat collecting plates in the solar heat collecting device are connected to the heat storage device of the thermal energy management module through heat exchange medium pipelines.

4. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module is a plurality of lithium battery groups equipped with charge and discharge management units, and the jackets of the lithium battery groups are connected to the heat storage device of the thermal energy management module through heat exchange medium pipelines.

5. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolytic hydrogen production module is an anion exchange membrane electrolysis device, and a cathode region, an anode region and an anion exchange membrane are arranged in the cavity of the device; a hydrogen production port and an oxygen production port are arranged at the top of the cavity of the cathode region and the anode region respectively; a preheating device is arranged on the water inlet pipeline of the electrolysis device, and the preheating device is connected to the heat storage device of the thermal energy management module through a heat exchange medium pipeline.

6. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaseous hydrogen storage module comprises a plurality of gaseous hydrogen storage tanks, a conveying pipeline, a hydrogen leakage sensor and a control device; the gaseous oxygen storage module comprises a plurality of gaseous oxygen storage tanks, a conveying pipeline and a control device; temperature and pressure sensors are arranged on the tank bodies and pipelines of the two modules, and control valves with actuators are arranged on the pipelines; each sensor and valve is connected to the corresponding control device through a signal line.

7. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell module is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the cell stack thereof is composed of a plurality of single cells connected in series; the single cell comprises a proton exchange membrane, an electrode and a bipolar plate, and the hydrogen inlet thereof is connected to the gaseous hydrogen storage module, and the oxygen inlet is connected to external air through an air compressor; the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is converted into alternating current through an inverter, and is supplied to an external load or stored in the energy storage module through the power output end connected to the inverter; the jackets of the single cells are connected to the heat storage device of the thermal energy management module through heat exchange medium pipelines.

8. The light-electricity-hydrogen-oxygen-heat energy utilization system for high-cold and high-altitude areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage device in the heat energy management module comprises a heat storage tank with multiple layers of heat insulation materials, and a heat exchanger structure is arranged in the tank; two heat conduction medium pipelines connected with the heat exchanger structure are respectively used for connecting heat collecting plates in a photovoltaic light heat utilization module and jackets of single cells in a fuel cell module; and the tank body of the heat storage tank is connected with at least three external circulation pipelines, which are respectively used for supplying heat to an energy storage module, an electrolytic hydrogen production module and an external heating device.

Images