Equipment for grinding and polishing shaft type rotating body parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses equipment for grinding and polishing shaft type rotating body parts, belongs to the precision machinery manufacturing technology, and solves the problems that the outer surfaces of the conventional shaft type rotating body parts with complex shapes cannot be precisely ground and polished, so that a planetary roller screw in a humanoid robot is large in torque and power consumption, low in precision and short in service life, and the like. The horn mouth is defined by the drainage component, the opening of the horn mouth faces the radial outer side, and the inner end of the horn mouth forms the inlet facing the part, so that the grinding agent flows according to the set direction of the inlet instead of flowing disorderly without directions, and therefore, the relative movement of the grinding agent and the surface of the part can be kept as required; the relative movement speed and flow between the part and the abrasive are increased, and the pressure impacted on the outer surface of the part is increased. The grinding agent is guided to flow through the inlet, effective impact of the grinding agent on the surface of the part is increased, grinding efficiency is improved, then the part rotates around the axis of the part, and uniform grinding precision of the surface of the part is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to precision machinery manufacturing technology, specifically relates to a kind of equipment of grinding and polishing shaft class rotator parts, especially suitable for the outer surface of complex appearance of shaft class rotator to implement grinding and polishing. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rise and development of emerging industries such as precision manufacturing, industrial mother machine, industrial automation and digital control, humanoid robot, automatic driving technology, the requirements for high speed, low torque, low noise and long life of various planetary roller screws are becoming higher and higher, forcing the machining precision and surface morphology quality to be continuously improved.

[0003] The planetary roller in the planetary roller screw is one of the shaft class rotator parts with complex appearance outer surface. If the outer surface is ground and polished, there is no suitable method in the existing machining process, especially when it is desired to uniformly cut a layer of excess on the complex appearance, the original appearance profile is difficult to maintain as much as possible. With the proposal of the requirements of large quantities, high speed, low torque, low noise, low power consumption and long life of planetary roller screws, the existing scheme has shortcomings. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical task of the utility model is to overcome the defects of large torque and power consumption, low precision and short service life of the planetary roller screw in the humanoid robot caused by the inability to precisely grind and polish the outer surface of the complex appearance part of the shaft class rotator. A device for grinding and polishing shaft class rotator parts is provided to meet the manufacturing and working requirements of large quantities, high speed, low torque, low noise, low power consumption and long life of planetary roller screws.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the device for grinding and polishing shaft class rotator parts of the utility model comprises:

[0006] A barrel for holding grinding agent;

[0007] A turntable configured to rotate around a turntable axis and move up and down along the turntable axis and fix the position. When the turntable moves down along the turntable axis, it can be immersed in the barrel;

[0008] A clamp for clamping parts and self-rotating parts, which is arranged on the turntable;

[0009] A flow guide member arranged on the turntable and forming a horn mouth. The opening of the horn mouth faces the radial outside. The inner end of the horn mouth constitutes an entrance facing the part. The flow guide member is used to guide the grinding agent to impact the outer surface of the part through the horn mouth to increase the pressure of the impact on the outer surface of the part.

[0010] Therefore, the parts can be mounted on a turntable, which then immerses the parts in the abrasive in the tank. Through the rotation of the parts and the revolution of the turntable, the flow guide and the inlet define the flared opening. The opening of the flared opening faces radially outward, and the inner end of the flared opening forms the inlet facing the parts. This allows the abrasive to flow in the direction set by the inlet, rather than flowing randomly and without direction. This allows the relative movement between the abrasive and the surface of the parts to be maintained as needed, increasing the friction frequency and cutting and squeezing effects between the parts and the abrasive.

[0011] Because abrasives are fluid and can be considered semi-fluid, and because the abrasive particles in the abrasive are evenly distributed, the abrasives perform uniform cutting on the parts through their flow.

[0012] Furthermore, the abrasive particles are fine and uniform, and the abrasive can fully contact the complex surface of the part through its own flow and pressure. The rotation of the part can perform grinding without dead angles on the surface of the part. All parts of the complex surface of the part can basically receive the same degree of grinding (such as the pressure and flow rate applied to each part of the surface), so that the complex surface of the part is polished to a consistent degree.

[0013] Preferably, the turntable includes an upper turntable and a lower turntable, wherein the upper turntable is configured to move up and down relative to the lower turntable along the turntable axis and be fixed in position;

[0014] The fixture includes a positioning device and a clamping device. The positioning device is located on the lower turntable and faces the upper turntable, and the clamping device is located on the upper turntable and faces the lower turntable. The positioning device and the clamping device are axially opposed to each other to clamp the part axially between them. The clamping device is rotated by a rotating shaft.

[0015] Therefore, parts can be installed onto and removed from the fixture by moving the upper turntable up and down.

[0016] Preferably, there are multiple clamps and rotating shafts arranged circumferentially on the turntable, and the rotating shafts are configured to rotate in any of the following ways:

[0017] (1) The multiple rotating shafts are driven to rotate synchronously by a sprocket drive system or a belt drive system, etc.

[0018] (2) Each of the said shafts is driven to rotate directly or indirectly by a motor.

[0019] Since there are multiple fixtures and rotating shafts distributed circumferentially on the turntable, their linear velocity remains consistent as the turntable revolves. Therefore, when the turntable rotates with the parts mounted on the fixtures, the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive impacting each part can remain consistent, thus ensuring that the grinding and polishing of each part tends to be consistent.

[0020] Preferably, the turntable includes a middle turntable, an upper turntable configured to move up and down relative to the middle turntable along the turntable axis and be fixed in position, and the middle turntable configured to move up and down relative to the lower turntable along the turntable axis and be fixed in position; the fixture includes a connecting shaft disposed on the middle turntable, the connecting shaft corresponding axially to the positioning device and the clamping device, and the connecting shaft is used to axially clamp the parts between the positioning device and the connecting shaft and between the clamping device and the connecting shaft to position the parts and transmit torque. Accordingly, more parts can be ground and polished simultaneously in one clamping, and because the turntable rotates with the parts mounted on the fixture, the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive impacting each part can be kept consistent, and the grinding and polishing of each part tends to be consistent.

[0021] Preferably, the projected profile of the guide member along the turntable axis presents a single or composite morphology. This is used to better guide the abrasive as needed.

[0022] Preferably, the drainage members are tangentially inclined on the turntable and define a horn-shaped opening that is also tangentially inclined between two adjacent drainage members, the inlet being defined by any of the following methods:

[0023] (1) The inlet is defined by two adjacent drainage components at the midpoint between the radial inner end of one drainage component and the other drainage component;

[0024] (2) The inlet is defined between the radial inner end of a drainage member and a retaining ring;

[0025] (3) The inlet is defined between the radially inner ends of two paired drainage members.

[0026] Accordingly, inlets can be configured as needed to guide and control the flow of abrasive.

[0027] Preferably, there are at least two buckets and turntables, distributed on the same circumference, with a column positioned at the center of the circumference. The turntables are configured to be raised, lowered, and rotated by the column to move them to the corresponding bucket positions and place them inside or remove them from the buckets. Accordingly, different buckets are used to hold different abrasives and / or cleaning agents, performing functions such as rough grinding, fine grinding, rinsing, and final cleaning. Each turntable rotates around the column on the circumference to reach different positions above the buckets. By moving up and down, the turntable is placed inside the bucket for grinding or cleaning the parts on it. The turntable is removed from the bucket for rotation to the next work station (bucket position). When the turntable moves away from above the bucket, it can be used for loading and unloading. By synchronously rotating each turntable to different work stations, parts can be continuously subjected to rough grinding, fine grinding, rinsing, and final cleaning, requiring only one part installation and removal, thus improving grinding efficiency. Furthermore, the ground parts are also thoroughly cleaned.

[0028] Preferably, at least two of the aforementioned buckets are either independent of each other or combined together, with a connecting container provided for each bucket position. Independent buckets facilitate replacement, such as when replacing the abrasive along with the bucket. Combined buckets help maintain the positional relationship between the buckets. Because the buckets are located in the connecting container, when the turntable rotates between bucket positions, parts and residues on the turntable are collected by the connecting container, preventing dripping onto the ground and affecting environmental hygiene.

[0029] The device for grinding and polishing rotating shaft parts of this utility model implements the following method: while the part rotates around its axis, an abrasive impacts the outer surface of the part. The impact of the abrasive on the outer surface of the part is achieved through the relative motion between the part and the abrasive. Specifically, a funnel-shaped opening is defined by a flow guide member, with the opening facing radially outward and the inner end of the funnel forming an inlet facing the part. As the turntable rotates at high speed, or the drum rotates at high speed, or the turntable and drum rotate in opposite directions, the flow guide member guides the abrasive through the funnel to impact the outer surface of the part, thereby increasing the pressure and flow density of the impact on the outer surface of the part.

[0030] Existing technologies for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts mostly involve using a rigid grinding wheel in contact with the outer surface of the part, supplemented by changes in the relative position of the grinding wheel and the part when necessary, to adapt to the complex morphology of the part's outer surface. Such grinding and polishing equipment and methods have "dead zones" in grinding and polishing, and the cutting is uneven, even damaging the surface morphology.

[0031] Existing technologies also involve placing non-axis rotating parts in flowing abrasives (such as powder or sand), relying on the relative motion between the abrasives and the parts to polish the surface. However, the abrasives flow is slow and the pressure is low, making them unsuitable for efficient and uniform grinding and polishing of axis rotating parts. In particular, the degree of grinding and polishing varies greatly between the convex and concave surfaces of the parts.

[0032] The method described above ensures that the surface of the part is uniformly ground from all directions by rotating the part itself.

[0033] The method, defined by a flow guide component, uses a funnel-shaped opening with its opening facing radially outward. The inner end of the funnel forms an inlet facing the part, allowing the abrasive to flow in a direction set by the inlet, rather than flowing randomly and without direction. This allows for maintaining the relative motion between the abrasive and the part surface as needed, increasing the relative speed and flow density between the part and the abrasive. In particular, the abrasive has fluidity; if considered as a fluid, it tends to flow towards low-pressure areas when grinding the part. Guiding the abrasive flow through the inlet allows for concentrated impact on the part surface, increasing the effective impact force and improving grinding efficiency. In this method, the abrasive, through its own flow and pressure, can fully contact the complex surface of the part. The rotation of the part enables thorough grinding without dead angles, ensuring that all parts of the complex surface receive essentially the same level of grinding (e.g., pressure and flow rate applied to different parts of the surface), resulting in almost uniform grinding and polishing of all areas of the complex surface.

[0034] The method described above utilizes a flowing abrasive to grind the surface of a part. The uniformity of the abrasive ensures the grinding precision of the part's surface, thereby reducing power consumption during operation and extending the part's service life. The abrasive is reusable, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly. This method meets the manufacturing and operational requirements of planetary roller screws for high-volume production, high speed, low torque, low noise, low power consumption, and long service life.

[0035] Furthermore, the relative rotational speed between the turntable and the barrel can be increased, allowing the abrasive to be guided by the flow-guiding component to impact the outer surface of the parts with a larger flow rate and greater pressure through the flared mouth, thereby improving the grinding effect.

[0036] Preferably, the abrasive is a mixture of fine-grained abrasive (such as white fused alumina, brown fused alumina, cubic boron carbide, CBN, diamond, various ceramics, etc.) and a liquid (such as oil), and the abrasive is in the form of a fluid, grease, or paste. This increases the fluidity of the abrasive and maintains a uniform distribution of abrasive particles in the liquid, allowing the abrasive to fully contact and move relative to the surface of the part, ensuring uniform grinding. Simultaneously, the presence of the liquid not only prevents abrasive particles from splashing across the part surface but also enhances the grinding lubrication function, improving the polishing effect.

[0037] Preferably, the abrasive impacts the outer surface of the part in a direction perpendicular to the part's axis. This ensures uniform grinding on the vertical surface of the part to the greatest extent possible. Furthermore, it ensures that the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the part, improving the uniformity and consistency of grinding. If the abrasive flows axially from one end of the part to the other, the upstream of the abrasive flow will have higher pressure, flow rate, and grinding characteristics, while these characteristics will weaken downstream. This results in differences in the degree of grinding experienced by different parts of the part along the axial direction, which is detrimental to the control of surface contour quality. Specifically, the flow direction of the abrasive during operation cannot be directly determined; rather, it depends on how it is guided, i.e., the guidance of the inlet. Therefore, the orientation of the inlet can be considered as the flow direction of the abrasive.

[0038] Preferably, to improve grinding efficiency, multiple parts are arranged circumferentially on a turntable. While each part rotates on its own axis on the turntable, it is simultaneously carried by the turntable, which rotates around its own axis. Thus, by having the turntable carry multiple parts in its revolution, simultaneous grinding and polishing of multiple parts is achieved.

[0039] Preferably, the abrasive is placed in a rotatable bucket. Multiple parts are arranged circumferentially on a turntable and held in place by clamps within the bucket, immersed in the abrasive. As the parts rotate around their axes, the abrasive flows with the bucket's rotation, impacting the outer surface of the parts through the funnel-shaped opening. This simplifies the delivery of the abrasive and allows for its recycling within the same container, ensuring its circulation. Furthermore, the abrasive applied to each part maintains a consistent flow rate, volume, and pressure, resulting in highly consistent abrasion of all parts.

[0040] Preferably, the barrel is rotated in the opposite direction to the rotation of the turntable. This increases the impact force of the abrasive on the surface of the part.

[0041] This invention defines a funnel-shaped opening by a flow-guiding component. The opening of the funnel faces radially outward, and the inner end of the funnel forms an inlet facing the part. This allows the abrasive to flow in a direction set by the inlet, rather than flowing randomly and without direction. This allows for maintaining the relative movement between the abrasive and the part surface as needed, increasing the relative speed of movement between them. In particular, since the abrasive has fluidity and can be considered a semi-fluid, it tends to flow towards low-pressure areas when grinding the part. Guiding the abrasive flow through the inlet allows for concentrated impact on the part surface, increasing the effective impact and improving grinding efficiency.

[0042] In this invention, the abrasive, through its own flow and pressure, can fully contact the complex surface of the part. By rotating the part, it can perform grinding without dead angles on the surface of the part. All parts of the complex surface of the part can basically receive the same degree of grinding (such as the pressure and flow rate applied to each part of the surface), so that the complex surface of the part is polished to a consistent degree. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of the equipment for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the removal of the turntable from inside the bucket;

[0045] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A;

[0046] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the turntable from another perspective;

[0047] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B;

[0048] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of the turntable from one perspective;

[0049] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA-direction cross section view;

[0050] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A partial schematic diagram of the BB-direction section in the image;

[0051] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of part C;

[0052] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a shaft-type rotating part;

[0053] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the entrance structure of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 12 This is another structural schematic diagram of the entrance of this utility model;

[0055] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the entrance of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 14This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the turntable in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0057] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Enlarged view of part D;

[0058] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 17 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing two turntables positioned on the same column;

[0060] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0061] The axis of barrels 100 and 101;

[0062] 200 turntable, 201 turntable axis, 202 first motor,

[0063] 210 on the turntable,

[0064] 220 Lower turntable, 221 Abrasive return hole,

[0065] 230 turntable,

[0066] 240 Fixture, 241 Positioning device, 242 Clamping device, 243 Connecting shaft.

[0067] 250 Shaft, 251 Pulley, 252 Synchronous Belt, 253 Second Motor

[0068] 260 Drainage component, 261 Trumpet mouth, 262 Opening, 263 Inlet.

[0069] 270 retaining ring,

[0070] 280 cylinders,

[0071] 300 column, 301 first drive, 302 second drive;

[0072] 400 connecting corridor containers;

[0073] The shaft of part 500 and part 501. Detailed Implementation

[0074] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0075] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification and claims of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as a method or product that includes a series of technical features, not limited to those technical features explicitly listed, but also including other technical features that may be included in the method or product but not explicitly listed.

[0076] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Among them, "upper" and "lower" are opposite directions.

[0077] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the technical features defined by terms such as "first" and "second" which have a sequential concept are only for the purpose of clearly describing the defined technical features and making the defined technical features clearly distinguishable from other technical features, and do not represent that they are named in this way in actual implementation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0078] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] like Figures 1-9 As shown, an apparatus for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts is illustrated. The apparatus includes a barrel 100, a turntable 200, a clamp 240, and a flow guide 260.

[0081] Bucket 100 is used to hold the abrasive;

[0082] The turntable 200 is configured to rotate around the turntable axis 201 and to move up and down and be fixed in position along the turntable axis 201. When the turntable 200 moves down along the turntable axis 201, it can be immersed in the barrel 100. The rotation of the turntable 200 is preferably driven by the first motor 202.

[0083] The fixture 240 is used to hold the part and rotate it with the part; the fixture is configured on the turntable 200.

[0084] A flow guide 260 is disposed on the turntable 200 and forms a flared mouth 261. The opening 262 of the flared mouth faces radially outward, and the inner end of the flared mouth forms an inlet 263 facing the part. The flow guide is used to guide the abrasive through the flared mouth to impact the outer surface of the part in order to increase the pressure of impacting the outer surface of the part.

[0085] Figure 10The rollers of a planetary roller screw are shown as an example of a shaft-type rotating part.

[0086] Given this device, part 500 can be mounted onto the clamp 240 of the turntable 200. The turntable 200 carries part 500, which is then immersed in the abrasive in the tank 100. While the part rotates around its axis 501, the turntable carries it in a revolution. Under the action of the flow guide and the inlet, relative motion is generated between the part and the abrasive. Because the inlet directs the abrasive to flow in a predetermined direction, rather than flowing randomly and without direction, the relative motion direction between the abrasive and the part surface can be maintained as needed. This increases the relative speed between the part and the abrasive, increases the pressure and flow rate impacting the outer surface of the part, and increases the grinding efficiency.

[0087] In particular, by making the axis 501 of the part parallel to the axis 201 of the turntable and the axis 101 of the barrel, and by making the axis 201 of the turntable coaxial with the axis 101 of the barrel, the part being ground can be uniformly ground regardless of its position in the barrel during operation.

[0088] Preferably, a flow space is left between the inner wall of the barrel and the radially outer side of the guiding member, allowing the abrasive to continuously enter the funnel-shaped guiding area through the flow space. In addition, an abrasive return hole 221 is provided at a suitable location such as the lower turntable, allowing the abrasive flowing into the radially inner side through the guiding member to circulate back through the return hole within the barrel.

[0089] Abrasives are mixtures of fine abrasive particles (such as white fused alumina, brown fused alumina, cubic boron carbide, CBN, diamond, various ceramics, etc.) and liquids (such as oils). Abrasives can be fluid, grease-like, or paste-like. This increases the fluidity of the abrasive and maintains a uniform distribution of abrasive particles within it, allowing the abrasive to fully contact and move relative to the workpiece surface, ensuring uniform grinding. Simultaneously, the presence of oil not only prevents abrasive particles from splashing across the workpiece surface but also enhances the grinding lubrication function, improving the polishing effect.

[0090] Furthermore, the abrasive, through its own flow and pressure, can fully contact the complex surface of the part. Through the rotation of the part, it can perform grinding on the surface of the part without dead angles. All parts of the complex surface of the part can receive the same degree of grinding (such as the pressure and flow rate applied to each part of the surface), so that the complex surface of the part is polished to a consistent degree.

[0091] In this embodiment, the device operates by placing abrasive in a rotatable drum. Multiple parts are held in the drum by clamps and immersed in the abrasive. As the parts rotate around their own axes, the abrasive in the drum flows with the drum's rotation, impacting the outer surface of the parts. This achieves coaxial rotation between the turntable and the drum. Furthermore, the abrasive applied to each part maintains a consistent flow rate, volume, and pressure, ensuring highly consistent abrasion of all parts.

[0092] When the turntable is removed from the barrel, it allows the parts to be detached from the abrasive, making it easier to load and unload materials.

[0093] In this embodiment, the turntable 200 includes an upper turntable 210 and a lower turntable 220. A cylinder 280 is configured on the upper turntable 210 to drive the upper turntable to move up and down relative to the lower turntable 220 along the turntable axis 201 and fix its position. When fixed in position, the clamp holds the part. The clamp 240 includes a positioning device 241 and a clamping device 242. The positioning device 241 is disposed on the lower turntable 220 and faces the upper turntable 210, and the clamping device 242 is disposed on the upper turntable 210 and faces the lower turntable 222. The positioning device 241 and the clamping device 242 are axially opposed to each other to axially clamp the part between them. The clamping device 242 is rotated by a rotating shaft 250. The clamping device 242 drives the part 500 to rotate via the rotating shaft 250 on the upper turntable 210. Under the combined action of the positioning device 241 and the clamping device 242, the part revolves around the turntable axis 201, and its direction of motion is perpendicular to that of the relatively moving abrasive. Accordingly, the part can be installed onto and removed from the fixture by moving the upper turntable up and down.

[0094] The upper turntable 210 and the lower turntable 220 are not necessarily a single plate; they can be a combination. The clamping device 242 and the rotating shaft 250 can be integrated or assembled together, serving the function of both clamping the parts and driving them to rotate.

[0095] The upper turntable 210 moves up and down relative to the lower turntable 220 along the turntable axis 201 without changing the phase angle between the upper turntable 210 and the lower turntable 220 in the circumferential direction. That is, the upper turntable 210 and the lower turntable 220 do not rotate relative to each other around the turntable axis 201, which is used to accurately clamp and release parts.

[0096] The flow-guiding component 260 is mounted on either the lower turntable 220 or the upper turntable 210. Alternatively, one component can be mounted on the lower turntable 220, and the adjacent component on the upper turntable 210, with such alternating installations. When the upper turntable 210 moves up and down relative to the lower turntable 220 along the turntable axis 201, the flow-guiding component 260 moves axially synchronously with the turntable it is mounted on. During loading and unloading, the turntables move away from the bucket together, axially separating from the upper and lower turntables 210, facilitating loading and unloading. In particular, by arranging the flow-guiding components 260 alternately on the lower and upper turntables 220, i.e., alternating between placing one component on the upper turntable and the other on the lower turntable, the circumferential distance between two adjacent flow-guiding components on the upper turntable and the circumferential distance between two adjacent flow-guiding components on the lower turntable are increased. This provides more space for loading and unloading materials, making loading and unloading easier. When the upper turntable 210 and the lower turntable 220 are brought together and fixed in position, all the drainage components work together to achieve the drainage function.

[0097] In the illustrated structure, when part 500 is clamped by fixture 240, the part's axis 501 is parallel to the turntable axis 201, while the inlet 263 faces the part radially, causing the abrasive to impact the part's outer surface in a direction perpendicular to the part's axis. This ensures that the abrasive's flow rate and pressure are uniformly distributed along the part's axial direction, improving the grinding effect. If the abrasive flows axially from one end of the part to the other, the upstream of the flow direction will have higher pressure, flow rate, and grinding characteristics, while these characteristics will weaken downstream. This results in differences in the degree of grinding experienced by different parts of the part along its axial direction, which is detrimental to the quality control of the outer surface contour. Since the abrasive's flow direction during operation cannot be directly determined, but depends on how it is guided—that is, the inlet's guidance of the abrasive—the orientation of the inlet can be considered the abrasive's flow direction.

[0098] In this embodiment, there are multiple clamps 240 and rotating shafts 250, arranged circumferentially on the turntable 200. The multiple rotating shafts 250 are driven synchronously by a sprocket drive system or a belt drive system. Taking a belt drive system as an example, pulleys 251 are coaxially mounted on the rotating shafts 250, and a synchronous belt 252 engages with each pulley 251. A second motor 253 drives a drive pulley, which in turn drives the belt, causing each rotating shaft to rotate synchronously by its corresponding pulley. This achieves synchronous rotation of all rotating shafts while the turntable revolves. When a sprocket drive system is used, a sprocket replaces a pulley, and a chain replaces a synchronous belt. In other embodiments, each rotating shaft 250 can also be driven directly or indirectly by a motor.

[0099] Because there are multiple fixtures and rotating shafts arranged circumferentially on the turntable, their linear velocity remains consistent as the turntable revolves. Therefore, when the turntable rotates with the parts mounted on the fixtures, the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive impacting each part can be kept consistent, resulting in more uniform grinding and polishing of each part. Furthermore, by rotating the turntable with multiple parts, simultaneous grinding and polishing of multiple parts can be achieved, improving grinding efficiency.

[0100] In this embodiment, the barrel rotates during operation in the opposite direction to the rotation of the turntable. This increases the impact of the abrasive on the surface of the part. Figures 11-13 In the diagram, the direction of rotation of the turntable is indicated by an arc segment marked with an arrow. Depending on the requirements, the turntable or the bucket can be rotated independently during operation.

[0101] Changing the relative rotational speed between the turntable and / or the drum, or changing the radial position of the parts mounted on the turntable, or changing the layout and morphology of the drainage components, or changing the formulation of the abrasive, or changing the grinding and polishing time, can all alter the cutting performance and effect of grinding and polishing.

[0102] The drainage member 260 is tangentially inclined on the turntable 200 and defines a flared opening, also tangentially inclined, between adjacent drainage members. That is, the drainage member is not located in the diametrical direction of the turntable, but rather inclined from the diametrical direction towards the tangential direction of the turntable. The radial and tangential directions are determined with reference to the circumference of the distribution of the drainage members. Furthermore, the inlet is defined by any of the following methods:

[0103] (1) As Figure 11 As shown, the inlet 263 is defined by two adjacent drainage members 260 at the midpoint between the radial inner end of one drainage member and the other drainage member. In this case, each drainage member is an arc surface, and its projected profile along the turntable axis presents a single shape, in the form of an arc segment.

[0104] (2) Figure 12 As shown, inlet 263 is defined between the radially inner end of a drainage member 260 and a retaining ring 270; in this case, the drainage member is an arc surface, and its projected profile along the turntable axis presents a single shape, appearing as an arc segment. In this case, the drainage member is an arc surface.

[0105] (3) Figure 13 As shown, inlet 263 is defined between the radially inner ends of two paired drainage members 260. In this case, both drainage members are arc surfaces, the paired drainage members are basically axisymmetrically arranged, and the projected profiles of the paired drainage members along the turntable axis present a composite morphology. Figure 13 As shown, pairs of drainage components are distributed on two concentric circles, which can be used to grind the parts distributed on the two concentric circles.

[0106] Accordingly, inlets can be configured as needed to better guide the flow of abrasive. Regardless of the method used, the goal is to ensure that more abrasive impacts the outer surface of part 3 as it moves relative to the part.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] like Figures 14-15 As shown, an apparatus for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts is presented. This apparatus is a further improvement on Embodiment 1, and therefore the structure of this embodiment includes all the structures of Embodiment 1.

[0109] In this embodiment, the turntable 200 includes a middle turntable 230. A cylinder 2801 is configured on the upper turntable 210 to drive it to move up and down relative to the middle turntable 230 along the turntable axis 201 and fix its position. A cylinder 2802 is configured on the middle turntable 230 to drive it to move up and down relative to the lower turntable 220 along the turntable axis 201 and fix its position. The clamp 240 includes a connecting shaft 243 disposed on the middle turntable 230. The connecting shaft 243 corresponds axially to the positioning device 241 and the clamping device 242. The connecting shaft 243 is used to axially clamp the part 500 between the positioning device 241 and the connecting shaft 243, and between the clamping device 242 and the connecting shaft 243, to position the part 500 and transmit torque. Accordingly, more parts can be ground and polished simultaneously, improving efficiency. Moreover, since the turntable rotates with the parts mounted on the clamp, the flow rate and pressure of the abrasive impacting each part can be kept consistent, resulting in more consistent grinding and polishing of each part. In this embodiment, the upper turntable 210 and the middle turntable 230 can move up and down together.

[0110] In this embodiment, the drainage member 260 can be configured on the upper turntable 210, the middle turntable 230, and the lower turntable 220 as needed. In particular, the drainage member 260 is configured on the lower end face of the upper turntable 210 and the middle turntable 230, which can move up and down, so as to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of parts.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] like Figures 16-17 As shown, an apparatus for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts is presented. This apparatus is a further improvement on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and therefore the structure of this embodiment includes all the structures of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0113] In this embodiment, both the bucket 100 and the turntable 200 include at least two units, which are distributed on the same circumference. A column 300 is positioned at the center of the circumference. The turntable 200 is configured such that the column 300 is driven to rise and fall by a second driver 302, and the column is driven to rotate by a second driver 301 to rotate the turntable to the corresponding bucket position as needed and place it in the corresponding bucket, as well as remove it from the bucket. Accordingly, different buckets are used to hold different abrasives, cleaning agents, etc., and perform functions such as coarse grinding, fine grinding, rinsing, and fine washing. Each turntable can reach different positions above the buckets by rotating around the column on the circumference. Then, by moving up and down, the turntable is placed inside the bucket for grinding the parts on the turntable. The turntable is removed from the bucket for rotation to the next work station (bucket position). When the turntable rotates away from the top of the bucket, it can be used for loading and unloading. By synchronously rotating each turntable to different workstations, parts can be continuously rough-ground, fine-ground, rinsed, and cleaned, requiring only one part installation and removal, thus improving grinding efficiency. Furthermore, the ground parts are also thoroughly cleaned.

[0114] In this embodiment, at least two buckets 100 are either independent of each other or combined together, with a connecting container 400 for each bucket. Independent buckets are easy to replace, such as when replacing the abrasive with the bucket. Combined buckets also help maintain the positional relationship between the buckets. Because of the connecting container, when the turntable rotates between bucket positions, parts and residues on the turntable are collected by the connecting container, preventing them from dripping onto the ground and affecting environmental hygiene.

[0115] Based on this embodiment, the following more specific structures and methods can be adopted:

[0116] Several buckets 100 are evenly distributed around the radial outer side of the column 300. Each bucket contains coarse grinding compound, fine grinding compound, fine polishing compound, rinsing solvent, cleaning solvent, and an empty bucket, respectively. This allows all grinding processes and post-grinding cleaning to be completed on a single machine, improving work efficiency.

[0117] Several barrels 100 are connected above each other by an annular groove, which serves as a connecting corridor container 400, allowing the barrels to form a ring-shaped assembly. During the process of the turntable 200 switching from one barrel position to another, the scattered abrasive is collected by the annular groove, preventing it from falling to the ground. All the scattered material is kept inside the equipment, which saves production costs and improves the working environment.

[0118] The turntable 200 can rotate around the axis of the column 300. The number of turntables can be the same as or less than the number of buckets, depending on the process requirements. Each time the turntable rotates to the position of a bucket, each turntable can be immersed in the bucket for grinding or cleaning.

[0119] Use a limit switch at any drum position to cut off the power to the turntable, stopping its rotation and allowing the turntable to be lowered into or raised out of the drum. When the drum is empty, activate cylinder 280 on the upper turntable 210 to disengage it from the lower turntable 220, unloading the ground parts 500 and loading the parts to be processed. Reverse the cylinder to reconnect the upper and lower turntables 210, preparing for the next workstation.

[0120] Two actuators are configured for the column 300. The second actuator 302 is responsible for raising and lowering the column to immerse all turntables 200 in the tank 100 or to lift them out of the tank. The first actuator 301 is responsible for rotating all turntables 200 via a crossbeam on the column.

[0121] The second motor 253 on the upper turntable 210 starts, driving all the rotating shafts 250 to rotate, and through the clamping device 242, it drives the part 500 to rotate around its own axis. At the same time, the first motor 202 also starts, driving the turntable 200 to rotate in the set direction. The part rotates around its own axis 501 and also revolves around the turntable axis 201.

[0122] Initially, the abrasive in barrel 100 remains almost stationary. The rotating and revolving parts impact the abrasive. Since the direction of rotation is almost perpendicular to the axis of the part, it is equivalent to the abrasive impacting the outer surface of the part perpendicular to its axis. This causes the abrasive to grind the part evenly along its axis. Furthermore, because the part is slowly rotating, it can be evenly ground 360 degrees around its circumference.

[0123] Given the presence of the flow guide 260, when the turntable 200 rotates, more abrasive impacts the outer surface of the part 500 under high pressure, improving grinding efficiency.

[0124] After the set grinding time is reached, the turntable 200 system is lifted by the second driver 302, and then the turntable is rotated to the top of the barrel at another station by the first driver 301.

[0125] The buckets at different workstations are moved using the same method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] As described above, by rotating the turntable between barrels at different workstations and immersing it in the barrels, different materials are placed in different abrasive barrels to achieve functions such as rough grinding, fine grinding, polishing, rinsing, and fine washing.

Claims

1. Equipment for grinding and polishing shaft-type rotating parts, characterized in that: include: A bucket (100) is used to hold the abrasive; The turntable (200) is configured to rotate around the turntable axis (201) and to move up and down and be fixed in position along the turntable axis (201). When the turntable (200) moves down along the turntable axis (201), it can be immersed in the bucket (100). A clamp (500) for holding parts and a fixture (240) for rotating the parts is arranged on a turntable (200). A flow guide (260) is disposed on a turntable (200) and forms a flared mouth (261). The opening (262) of the flared mouth faces radially outward, and the inner end of the flared mouth forms an inlet (263) facing the part. The flow guide (260) is used to guide the abrasive through the flared mouth (261) to impact the outer surface of the part in order to increase the pressure and flow density impacting the outer surface of the part.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable (200) includes an upper turntable (210) and a lower turntable (220), the upper turntable (210) being configured to move up and down relative to the lower turntable (220) along the turntable axis (201) and be fixed in position; The fixture (240) includes a positioning device (241) and a clamping device (242). The positioning device (241) is disposed on the lower turntable (220) and faces the upper turntable (210). The clamping device (242) is disposed on the upper turntable (210) and faces the lower turntable (220). The positioning device (241) and the clamping device (242) are axially opposed to each other to axially clamp the part (500) between them. The clamping device (242) is rotated by a rotating shaft (250).

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamps (240) and the rotating shafts (250) are multiple and circumferentially distributed on the turntable (200), and the rotating shafts (250) are configured to rotate in any of the following ways: (1) The plurality of said rotating shafts (250) are driven to rotate synchronously by a sprocket drive system or a belt drive system; (2) Each of the said shafts (250) is driven to rotate directly or indirectly by a motor.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turntable (200) includes a middle turntable (230), an upper turntable (210) configured to move up and down relative to the middle turntable (230) along the turntable axis (201) and be fixed in position, and the middle turntable (230) configured to move up and down relative to the lower turntable (220) along the turntable axis (201) and be fixed in position; the clamp (240) includes a connecting shaft (243) disposed on the middle turntable (230), the connecting shaft (243) is axially corresponding to the positioning device (241) and the clamping device (242), and the connecting shaft (243) is used to axially clamp the part between the positioning device (241) and the connecting shaft (243) and between the clamping device (242) and the connecting shaft (243) to position the part (500) and transmit torque.

5. The device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The projected profile of the drainage component (260) along the axis of the turntable (200) presents a single morphology or a composite morphology.

6. The device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The drainage member (260) is tangentially inclined on the turntable and defines a tangentially inclined flared opening (261) between two adjacent drainage members, the inlet (263) being defined by any of the following methods: (1) The inlet (263) is defined by two adjacent drainage members (260) at the midpoint between the radial inner end of one drainage member and the other drainage member; (2) The inlet (263) is defined between the radially inner end of a drainage member (260) and a retaining ring (270); (3) The inlet (263) is defined between the radially inner ends of two paired drainage members (260).

7. The device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Both the bucket (100) and the turntable (200) include at least two, and the bucket (100) and the turntable (200) are distributed on the same circumference, with a column (300) arranged at the center of the circumference; the turntable (200) is configured to be lifted and rotated by the column (300) to rotate the turntable to the corresponding bucket position as needed and place it in the corresponding bucket and remove it from the bucket.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least two of the buckets (100) are independent of each other or are combined together, and a connecting corridor container (400) is provided for the bucket positions.

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